DEPARTMENT OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

ANDHRAPRADESH

Name : A. Sivaprasad
Designation : Senior Lecturer in ECE
Branch : Electronics & Comm. Engg.
Institute : Govt. Polytechnic for women,

Guntur
Year/ Semester : III
Subject : Digital Electronics
Subject Code : CM-305
Topic : Logic gates & Boolean Algebra
Duration : 50 mts.
Sub topic : Arithmetic circuits and Half Adder
Teaching aids : Diagrams
CM305.12 1
Objective

On completion of this period, you would be able

to know

• What is Arithmetic circuit?

• Construction of half adder

• Truth table of half adder

CM305.12 2
What is an arithmetic operation ?
What is an Adder ?
What is a Subtractor ?
Where an adder is used ?
 What is Arithmetic circuit?

• An Arithmetic circuit performs basic arithmetic

operations
like addition, multiplication, shifting and comparison

• Adder, Subtractor and Multiplier circuits are essential

inside microprocessors as part of the, or Arithmetic
Logic Unit (ALU)

• Arithmetic circuits are excellent examples of

combinational logic designCM305.12 4
Logic circuits are two types

• Combinational (without memory)

• Sequential (with memory)

CM305.12 5
Four possible additions of two 1-bit binary numbers

Fig 12.1

CM305.12 6
 Half adder

• A half adder is a combinational logic circuit that

performs an addition operation on two binary
digits.

• This produces a sum and a carry value which are

both binary digits.

CM305.12 7
Logic circuit of half adder

Fig 12.2

CM305.12 8
Truth table of Half adder

CARRY SUM
input B input A
digit digit

0 0 0 0

0 1 0 1

1 0 0 1

1 1 1 0

Table 12.1

CM305.12 9
Summary

• An arithmetic circuit performs basic arithmetic

operations like addition, multiplication, shift and
comparison

• Half adder adds two bits at a time

• Half adder is a combinational logic circuit that

consists of an EX-OR gate and AND gate.

CM305.12 10
Quiz

A half adder adds …… bits at a time

1. 1

3. 2

5. 3

7. any number

CM305.12 11
 A half adder consists of ……..gates

3. NAND and NOR

5. AND and OR

7. EX-OR and OR

9. EX-OR and AND

CM305.12 12
 Which gate gives sum output in half adder?

1. NAND

3. OR

5. EX-OR

4. EX-NOR

CM305.12 13
 Half adder is a

1. sequential circuit

3. Combinational circuit

5. Any of the above

7. None of the above

CM305.12 14
Frequently asked questions in Exams

1. Draw the logic circuit of half adder

3. Write the truth table of half adder

5. What gates are used in half adder to get sum and

carry outputs?

4. What is an arithmetic circuit? And where is it used?

CM305.12 15