Culture & Multicultura lism

INDRA MAAM

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PRESENTED BY
Roll no. 4016 4064 4078 4094 4101 4105 Name Halpati Kinjal Shah Sonu Vyas Naisargi Desai Shailesh Kukadia Grishma Mehta Pooja
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Overview
*Definition of Culture *Organizational Culture *Corporate Culture: A womans view of change *Basic elements of Culture *Corporate Culture & Performance *Taking charge of Corporate Culture *Culture to Multiculturalism *Gender issues in Multiculturalism *Racial & Ethnic minority issues in Multiculturalism *Multiculturalism & Organizational success *Managing Cultural Diversity
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What is Culture?
CULTURE CULTUS CULT OR WORSHIPS

The complex mixture of assumptions, behaviors, stories, beliefs & ideas that fit together to define what it means to be a member of particular society. Detailed cultural aspect is:
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What is Organizational Culture?

The set of important understandings, such as norms, values, attitudes, & beliefs, shared by organizational members.
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In an Organization, there exists four types of cultures-

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Culture Related to Own work:

Culture Related to Team Work:

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Leadership Culture

Organizational Culture

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Some Examples: Employee-oriented Culture Most of the Japanese companies offer job safety i.e. lifetime employments to their employees. Customer-oriented Culture Why the customers feel more safety in purchasing the DELL products?

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Discipline oriented Culture

Why do the managers of Monster.com wear blue shirts while attending the meetings? Why do the sub ordinates of most of the companies do tasks as per their superiors instruct? Why do the entrepreneurs wear suits at their at their business meetings?

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Corporate Culture
*What is Corporate Culture?
The beliefs and behaviours that determine how a company's employees and management interact and handle outside business transactions.

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E.g.:- Google: An employeefriendly corporate culture It provides the facilities to its employees likeTelecommuting, flexible time, tuition reimbursement, free employee lunches, on-site doctors and on-site services like oil changes, massages, fitness classes, car washes and a hair stylist. Thats why its position is high ranking on Fortune magazine's list of "100 Best Companies to Work For."

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Does corporate culture affect the performance of the Organization?

Corporate Culture & Performance

*It influences employees decisions & behaviors. *It is the social glue. *It assists the sense-making process.

E.g. A Rand Merchant Bank, a south American Financial 5/2/12 Institution where employees were recently handed a

Example:

IBM at Korea holds two Round-tables a month in which employees have lunch with C.E.O. to express their ideas freely.

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It means that the managers at many companies have tried to take charge & direct their corporate culture. Great Leader influenced the Corporate market & made historical change in the Business History & hit the world business organization by creating the memorable MNC Known as Reliance.
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Taking charge of corporate culture

A womans view of change: Sewa BankAt Micro level

*S

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Self *E

A Womans View of Change- At Macro level

In each and every country, In each and every Business sector, sports, science,in each field, the participation of women is increasing day by day which shows the drastic womans view of change. 5/2/12

Basic Elements Of Culture (Schein)

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Artifacts
Artifacts include products, services, & behavior patterns of the members of the organization.

Here superiors & sub ordinates have different dress codes

Two bosses of two different companies have different dress codes 5/2/12

Practical Example: INFOSYS It is Indias third largest Information Technology firm has 42 acre campus around the massive green courtyard connecting the six low-rise building. It also has miniature golf green, swimming pool, huge video wall, a learning edge, training centre, medical centre, two huge food courts etc.

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Espoused Values
The reasons given by an organization for the way things are done. The goal of Reliance is to grow from strength to strength,& today it spans several geographies & many businesses-it is recorded as Indias one of the best companies which says Whats good for India is good for Reliance. So by this systematic way things are done, 5/2/12 goals are determined

INFOSYS
The dream of Infosys is not only up to achieve the targeted goals but also up to achieve the Employee Job satisfaction & technology innovations because change in technology will directly increase the productivity of the Organization, which will finally help to reach the targeted Organizational goals.
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So, finally in any of the Organization, the espoused values in terms ofStrategies, Goals, Philosophies, Task Orientation, Market segmentation, Targeted markets , are determined first & this is known as espoused values of the organization.

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Assumptions

The beliefs and ways that are taken for granted by the members of the organization. In any of the organization, the basic thing is- the right way to do things Example:
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This concept says that todays workforce is multicultural: A mix of people from many different cultures, ethnicities & lifestyles.

From Culture to Multiculturalism

For example, many of the Indians, Pakistanis, Arabs, Japanese, Chinese etc. are working in the best rated organizations of United States such as Microsoft, Hewlett Packard, Monster.com, etc. So here the concept of multiculturalism is highlighted clearly, here the particular culture of an individual does not matter but the talent & skill

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Multiculturalism

This terminology which is applied to management can be defined as the view that there are many different cultural backgrounds & factors that are important in an organization & that people from different backgrounds can coexist & flourish within an organization.

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Gender Issues in Multiculturalism *1)Glass Ceiling:

The view that even though women & minorities can get hired into the organizations, they have to face the difficulty in getting promoted particularly to the senior levels, its as if there is an invisible barrier, they can see the opportunities above, but they can not reach them. People think that women can handle only baby, * & not the organization.

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The women can see the opportunity but they can not reach them, it means they are hard in the organization but face the difficulties to get promoted. They say that we can do it but they will not get the opportunity.

So

here the scope of their expectations is ceased to be exist.

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2) Sexual Harassment:
*
As applied to the workplace, any unwanted sexual behavior that can involve, for example, words, gestures, sounds, actions, or physical touching.

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3) Stereo typing:
The application of an assumed characteristic of a class of people (as defined by sex, or race) to an individual who belongs to the class but may or may not have that characteristics. In an organization, people face the heavy castism which the Muslims face in the American companies.
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Racial & Ethnic Minority Issues

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Reaching the Top:

People in the minority class, has very less chances to reach to the top in an organization.

E.g. : Most of the U.S. people has the belief that black people cannot govern nation, but this mindset was broken when The Barak Obama became the 1st President of America.

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Earning Gaps:

The discrepancy between the earning power of workers of similar education background but different races. E.g. : In NASA, the salary paid to the Indian scientists is less than that of American scientists inspite of the same education level.

Nasa pic

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Revolving Door :

Minorities can get into an organization but do not stay because they feel uncomfortable in the organization environment. E.g. Students of India are migrating their location from India to Australia for better prospect but returning back to the country because of the uncomfortable & unsafe atmosphere there.

Pic of Indian people migrating from

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Other Issues in Multiculturalism

1)

Ageism:

Managers fail to place adequate value on the older workers even though restrictions on the mandatory retirement have eased.

2)

Sexual Orientation:

The presence of the homosexuals at the work place poses many issues for the development of the multicultural work place.
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Positive Effects of Multiculturalism

*1)You will develop a tolerant & less stereo typed

image of the other ethnic or religious group. *2) Learning multiple languages: *As for example, in India we speak multiple languages, such as Hindi, Marathi, Tamil, Gujarati, etc. * Similarly, in the business organization,If a person has gone to abroad for doing job or for doing any of the business he or she must have to learn that particular countrys popular language. *3) A person is able to take over certain better things from other cultures & should try to implement that good things in his 5/2/12 behavior. own

For example, In most of the organization a sub ordinate must have to behave in highly formal way while sitting in the meetings & also communicate with their superiors by asking for their permissions. 4) More diverse cuisine: For example, without this concept, we would never have wine, pizzas & hamburgers.

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Negative Effects of this concept:

1) Some cultural traditions will strongly differ with there of the other group & cause conflict within the culture. 2) Majority will think that minorities want to replace the original culture with theirs. 3) A dived nation where people value their ethnic group more than their country, then discrimination where positive or negative will occur.
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Multiculturalism & Organizational Success

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Taylors Coxs Six Arguments:

Cost Argument Resource Acquisition

Problem Solving

Taylors six elements

System Flexibility

Marketing Argument

Creativity Argument 5/2/12

1)

Cost Argument:

This element says that if the organizations do a poor job in managing the multicultural issues, Negro They will have the higher costs. Women E.g. American Company
Indian people

2) Resource Acquisition Argument: This argument says that companies should develop the reputation favorably on the minorities & Women. Those with the best reputations in 5/2/12 managing diversities will win the competition for the best personnel.

E.g. This concept of the managing diversity has the positive impact on the successful organizations such as Google, Microsoft, Travelex etc. 3) Marketing Argument: This argument states that organizations that have multicultural issues well have an insight into the market consisting of minority group members & people. Cultural issues have some effects on the buying decisions of the customers. E.g. Garment making co. of America is making Chaniya Cholies of Gujarati culture by suggestions of 5/2/12 multiculturalist employees.

4) Creativity & 5) Problem Solving Argument: This argument holds that the groups of the people from the diverse backgrounds can be more creative than the groups with the homogeneous backgrounds, & also are better at solving the problems. E.g. 3M company which is totally based upon the innovations that at last shows the creativeness of the employees of 3M. Similarly, in problem solving factor,3M is working like ..
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6) System Flexibility: This element says that the ability to manage the diversity increases the adaptability & flexibility of an organization.

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