Control member behavior Foster motivation for what is to be done Provide a release for emotional expression Provide information

needed to make decisions

Filtering: A senders manipulation of

information, so that it will be seen more favorably by the receiver.

Selective Perception: People selectively

interpret what they see on the basis of their interests, background, experience, and attitudes.

Information Overload: A condition in which

information inflow exceeds an individuals processing capacity.

Emotions: How a receiver feels at the time a

message is received will influence how the message is interpreted. and anxiety about oral communication, written communication, or both.
different people

Communication Apprehension: Undue tension

Language: Words have different meanings to

Men talk to:

Emphasize status, power, and independence. Offer solutions. Complain that women talk on and on. To boast about their accomplishments.

Women talk to:

Establish connection and intimacy Speak of problems to promote closeness Criticize men for not listening Express regret and restore balance to a conversation

Certain words stereotype, intimidate, and insult individuals. In an increasingly diverse workforce, we must be sensitive to how words might offend others. Removed: handicapped, blind, and elderly Replaced with: physically challenged, visually impaired, and senior. However, accurate communication? Removed: death, garbage, quotas, and women. Replaced with: negative patient outcome, postconsumer waste materials, educational equity, and people of gender.

Cultural Barriers Language Barriers

Different languages Different meanings in the same language Inadequate translation

Nonverbal Communication
Touch, body movements and gestures, facial expressions, eye contact, etc.

Oral Communication Advantages: Speed and immediate feedback. Disadvantage: Distortion of the message. Written Communication Advantages: Tangible and verifiable. Disadvantages: Time consuming and lacks feedback. Nonverbal Communication Advantages: Supports other communications and
provides observable expression of emotions and feelings. Disadvantage: Misperception of body language or gestures can influence receivers interpretation of message.

Routine

Nonroutine

Message 1: We might get out early today! Message 2: A female shrimp will breed in captivity if you remove one of her eyes. (Note. This is actually true. Although researchers cant fully explain why, they think the eye surgery triggers hormonal changes.)

What are the difference between two messages? How much of the original message were left by the end? When you received the message, how sure were you of what exactly was being said? If the message seemed nonsensical, did you try to make it more sensible before transmitting it? What criteria can you use to check the accuracy of grapevine information? The grapevine cant be trusted; it specializes in misinformation What do you think?

E K

C H I

Y
E D C B A D F G H J K I

D J

X J B D C F A

C
B A

Gossipone tells all

Probabilityeach randomly tells others

Single strandeach tells one other

Clustersome tell selected others; most typical

True or False? The grapevine is only 30% accurate. The grapevine moves a lot faster than formal communication channels. Organizational moles use the grapevine to their personal advantage. Managers should try to control or stop the grapevine because of its negative impact on the organization.