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YES
? Why
[Situation]
Less than 3% of the worlds water is fresh the rest is seawater and undrinkable. Of this 3% over 2.5% is frozen, locked up in Antarctica, the Arctic and glaciers, and not available to man. Thus humanity must rely on this 0.5% for all of mans and ecosystems fresh water needs.
Dr Manmohan Singh, said: Climate change is threatening our ecosystems; water scarcity is becoming a way of life and pollution is a growing threat to our health and habitat.
# 23 India:
80.2 %
SCARCITY
Industrial Growth [ ] Economy-Industry [ ] Water Business[ ] Agriculture [ ] Health & Environment[ ] Future [ ? ]
Surface Water
Eutrophication Oxygen depletion Ecological health
Ground Water
Fluoride Nitrate Arsenic Iron Sea water intrusion
India
Columbia Democratic Republic of Congo.
? How
[Problem]
Challenges
Challenges
Industries
Over exploitation
Challenges
Government
Inefficient Government State construction
Challenges
Public
Wasting Water Polluting Water
Challenges
Climate change. 2020 India will become a water stressed nation. 66 million Indians in 20 states are at risk due to excess fluoride 10 million due to excess arsenic in groundwater Out of these 6.3 lakh rural schools only 44 % have water supply facilities Half of all Indian children are undernourished and half of all adult women suffer from anaemia.
Challenges
37.7 million Indians are affected by waterborne diseases annually 1.5 million children are estimated to die of diarrhoea alone 180 million working days are lost due to waterborne disease each year Economic burden is estimated at $600 million a year.
Challenges
Indias rivers carry 90% of the water during the period from June to November, but only 10% is available during the other six months. Biofuel threatens Indias water supply.
161 of out of approximately 600 districts in India have been declared drought. At least 45% of India's land area is degraded. 90% of the sewage generated by municipal councils and over 50% of sewage discharged by municipal corporations goes untreated
Challenges
Overview of the major problems: Drinking Water Inadequate and intermittent supply of drinking water Metallic and bacterial pollution of water
Inadequate piped water supply in rural areas and some urban slum areas Loss of water in transmission (distribution) and storage Lack of financial resources for improvements.
Challenges
Affect agriculture production Insufficient local technological research on water Lack of integrated water management
Inadequate enforcement of environment legislation relating to water Lack of control over-exploitation of groundwater resources Insufficient facilities for waste water treatment
Challenges
Industrial Water Inadequate enforcement of special water regime for industries requiring considerable amounts of water
Inability of municipal water supply organizations to meet increasing demands of existing and new industries
Challenges
Safety of industrial establishments from surplus surface water and floods
Challenges
River Yamuna- the principal drain for New Delhis waste. Residents pour 150 million gallons of sewage into the river each day. In New Delhi the Yamuna itself is clinically dead. River Ganges- River of Dead Bodies
Challenges
The World's Most Polluted Places (Times survey) Sukinda, India Number of people potentially affected: 2,600,000
Groundwater in Sukinda is believed to be contaminated with chromium. Sukinda, which contains one of the largest open cast chromite ore mines in the world, 60% of the drinking water contains hexavalent chromium
Market Study
Supply & Demand
There are two dominant features in current global water consumption patterns: The supply of fresh water is limited, but demand is growing steadily. Many countries are failing to satisfy the basic need to provide sufficient quantities of water of acceptable quality. The development of the water market is being shaped by four mega trends: global population growth. infrastructure water quality Climate change
Signs of hope
[Solution]
Solution
Solution
Solutions to water problems require the consideration of cultural, educational, communication and scientific aspects. Plant Trees Avoid Pollution Conserve water Technologies and Innovations Water Purification Systems Seawater desalination Water Footprint
Solution
The much-awaited seawater desalination plant, the largest in the country with a capacity of 100 MLD (million litres per day), coming up near Minjur about 35 km north of Chennai . Under the technology, developed by the National Institute of Ocean Technology (NIOT), warm water is pumped into a vacuum flash chamber and the resultant vapour is condensed using cold water to get crystal clear potable water. Desalinated water is of a better quality and the cost is only 6 paise per litre.
Solution
Water Footprint
To manage the water consumption better.
A water footprint measures the total amount of water it takes for a company to manufacture and transport a product, or for a city, country, or business to operate. Calculating water footprints can help businesses and communities better understand and prepare for the impacts of global water scarcity, according to experts. Such data allows companies to identify potential water savings and plan for future shortages
Solution
Rain Water Harvesting
Irrigation Water Management Hydrological projects - Construction of Dams Artificial Recharge to Ground Water through Dug well
Solution
Solution
Try to do one thing each day that will result in saving water. Don't worry if the savings are minimal every drop counts! You can make a difference.
Remember to use only the amount you actually need.
Form a group of water-conscious people and encourage your friends and neighbors to be part of this group. Promote water conservation in community newsletters and on bulletin boards.
Encourage your friends, neighbors and co-workers to also contribute. Encourage your family to keep looking for new ways to conserve water in and around your home. Make sure that your home is leak-free. Many homes have leaking pipes that go unnoticed. Do not leave the tap running while you are brushing your teeth or soaping your face.
Solution
Avoid flushing the toilet unnecessarily. Put a brick or any other device that occupies space to cut down on the amount of water needed for each flush. When washing the car, use water from a bucket and not a hosepipe.
Do not throw away water that has been used for washing vegetables, rice or dals. Use it to water plants or to clean the floors, etc
You can store water in a variety of ways. A simple method is to place a drum on a raised platform directly under the rainwater collection source. You can also collect water in a bucket during the rainy season. Donate fund for ongoing projects.
Solution
Thank You