Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
the relationship of land use and the natural environment policies and programs to control land use impacts and to protect and restore environmental resources. environmentally sensitive land use, design and development methods and techniques of environmental land analysis technologies for mitigation of environmental impacts
Sustainability
paths of economic, social, environmental, and political progress that aim to meet the needs of today without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs
the integration of the Es, the tri-objectives
Economy, Environment, and social Equity, plus Engagement for political participation, and Eternity for a future orientation
Nature impacts humans (natural hazards) Humans impact humans through the environment (pollution) Humans deplete economic natural resources Humans undermine natural systems and ecosystems
Stable economy Livable, affordable, walkable, mixed use community Healthy environment Engaged public
Restore and protect natural waters, biodiversity, air quality Use land, energy, water, materials efficiently Reduce carbon emissions Mitigate natural hazards Adapt to environmental change
Green:
Soils, water flow, water quality, ecology (forestry, wetlands, coastal zone, habitats), climate change Integration methods and metrics Planning process and collaboration Land conservation programs Community design Smart growth management Watershed and ecosystem management
Part I. Context
Environmental Management Environmental Planning Land Use Planning Collaborative Planning
Land Use and Wildlife Habitat Land Use and Climate Change Natural Hazard Mitigation Integrative Methods & Metrics
Population, billion
Source: OSTP
2100
Source: OSTP
Connecticut snow
Natural Hazards
Flooding near Buena Vista, VA, 1995
Smart land use to reduce coastal storm hazard to development and protect beach and dune resources
Japanese Earthquake/Tsunami
Soils
Effect of land use change and impervious surface on runoff and stream flow
Win TR-55
Low Impact Development (LID) Bioretention: Using vegetated Depressions to Detain and Treat Runoff
Drainage Swale
Groundwater Terminology
Landscape Ecology
Buffer Zone
Managed for desirable edge species and low Intensity recreation.
Linking Corridor
Managed as habitat and for species migration and dispersal.
Green Infrastructure
Habitat Conservation Plans (HCP) and Natural Community Conservation Plans (NCCP)
Part III: Land Use Management to Create Green & Sustainable Communities, Watersheds, and Ecosystems
Land Use and Climate Change Land Conservation Design with Nature for People Smart Growth Management Ecosystem and Watershed Management
The Solution? Urbanism compact, walkable, mixed use, dense, transit-oriented, green communities
Consumes natural habitat and agricultural land Drives up vehicle miles traveled, oil consumption, GHG emissions Social impacts of isolated, auto dependent, sedentary lifestyles Unsustainable patterns of land use manage land use and development and arrest sprawl
to protect water, agriculture, habitats
to conserve energy and materials and reduce GHG emissions
The Imperative:
design and plan livable, walkable, and healthy communities reduce vehicle miles traveled (VMT) & oil & GHG emissions
Millions
450 400
417
350
184
297 219
147
Transport
Million Btu/yr
108
92 56
140
74 45 21
138
61 27 50
88
49 18 21
90
50
125
71
increased human deaths from heat waves, floods, hurricanes, droughts, malnutrition, and infectious diseases; water supply shortages; spatial shifts of ecosystems and agricultural systems; species extinction; and coastal sea level rise and flooding Mitigate climate change by reducing GHG by reducing carbon energy Prepare for and adapt to the consequences of climate change
The Imperative:
We can mitigate GHG emissions through more efficient patterns of land use and building and transportation technology
Our patterns of coastal and streamside development and water consumption make us vulnerable to the impacts of climate change
We need to anticipate the effects of climate change and adapt to those changes with planning for alternative water supply and more severe natural hazards from extreme weather events and sea level rise.
The emerging field of Climate Action Planning stresses both mitigation and adaptation.
Create affordable housing and mobility through dense, compact, mixed use development and transit access Workforce training for green jobs Workforce housing
green rating systems, sustainability planning, and public policies and regulations social movement and consumer and community choice
Sustainable Designs
Applied at different scales from building to site to neighborhood to community to region
Environmental objectives:
Energy, water, land and material efficiency; renewable energy; climate change mitigation Water and air quality protection, waste minimization Natural hazard mitigation and adaptation Biodiversity preservation
Neighborhood Scale
Neighborhood LID: Light Imprint Develop. Green Infrastructure Neighborhood/community energy systems
Combined heat & power District heating (+absorption cooling) Neighborhood solar Compact, Mixed use, Walkable Design 5 Ds: Density, Diversity, Design, Destination accessibility, Distance to transit
LID Neighborhood Design: smaller lots, retained vegetation on-site water retention/infiltration,
Grow where infrastructure exists Infill development and redevelopment Compact, mixed use, walk-able neighborhoods Neo-traditional neighborhoods Density: population/employment per acre Diversity: mixed use residential/commercial/jobs Design: aesthetics, sidewalks, street connectivity Destination accessibility: ease of trip from pt. of origin Distance to Transit: 1/4 to mile from home or work
The Neighborhood
The optimal size of a neighborhood is a quarter-mile from center to edge. For most people, a quarter mile is a five-minute walk. For a neighborhood to feel walkable, many daily needs should be supplied within this five-minute walk. That includes not only homes, but stores, workplaces, schools, houses of worship, and recreational areas.
Portland
40 people as if on a bus
Zoning ordinance
Growth Boundary
Portland, Oregon
Oregon