Developmental tasks of parents to be: mothering and fathering

Parenting It is a process wherein it goes on throughout the parent's life but how it is facilitated during the first year of a child's life may set the tone for the rest of the parent-child relationship.

Developmental tasks of parents to be: mothering and fathering

The tasks to achieve by the parents to be are: 1. Are parents beginning to look below the surface of their child's behavior? 2. Are parents learning to trust their feelings? 3. Are parents beginning to reduce their sense of guilt? 4. Are parents willing to assume an active role?

Developmental tasks of parents to be: mothering and fathering

5. Are parents gradually developing good boundaries? 6. Are parents less likely to project issues from their past or present on other family members? 7. Are parents better able to set limits?

Developmental tasks of parents to be: mothering and fathering

8. Are parents increasingly able to confront family members? 9. Are parents increasingly able to appreciate the impact of their past? 10. Are parents increasingly comfortable with helping their child to cope with normal loss?

Developmental tasks of parents to be: mothering and fathering

11. Are parents increasingly derive esteem from their child-rearing? 12. Are parents able to become aware of "anniversary reactions? 13. Parents able to see their child as an agent for change in their own lives?

Developmental tasks of parents to be: mothering and fathering

Ambivalence - being uncertain whether they really want it, or whether they really approve it. E.g: unwanted pregnancy

Mercers theory

Ramona T. Mercer contributed to nursing theory the maternal role attainment theory framework for nurses to provide appropriate health care interventions for mothers in order for them to successfully adopt a strong maternal identity. provides attachment and a good mother-child relationship

Mercer s theory
4 stages of acquisition in the Maternal Role Attainment Theory: 1. Anticipatory stage - addresses the social and psychological adaptation to the maternal role, and learning expectations. 2. Formal stage - is the assumption of the role at birth, and addresses behaviors guided by others in the mother's social system and network.

Mercer s theory
3. Informal stage - the mother develops her own ways of mothering not conveyed by her social system. 4. Personal stage - the mother experiences harmony, confidence, and competence in her maternal role.

Rubin s theory
Maternal identity development is the womans efforts aimed at becoming a mother

Rubin s theory
Maternal role taking process: 1. Mimicry imitating others 2. Role play the earliest form of role behavior; to act out. 3. Fantasy - occurs by way of fears, dreams, and daydreams. 4. Grief work giving up everything

Rubin s theory
5. Learning to give of self - giving is an inherent part of being a mother, during both childbearing or childrearing. 6. Binding-in to the unknown baby - maternal binding-in is the dynamic process of attachment and interconnection with the infant that begins in the prenatal period. - has two halves: binding-in to the infant and binding-in to self as mother of the infant

Behavior and needs of expectant mothers

1. No nonsense some pregnant women are sensitive; dont consider their acts as nonsense. 2. Well meant advice needs plenty of tips and advice. 3. Hormones expectant mothers need a lot of understanding

Behavior and needs of expectant mothers

4. Support - get involved and know what is going on, especially during a first pregnancy. 5. Giving up misery loves company; offer to quit all your vices together 6. Be nice to her and offer personal help - being affectionate is lovely: a kiss a hug, a loving smile means a lot to a hormonal, fat, tired, cranky woman.

Behavior and needs of expectant mothers

7. Positive body image - For men: tell her that you still find her attractive (even if you don't) and show her in lots of tender physical ways that you mean it (even if you don't). 8. Pampering e.g: massage her; buy her presents.

Mothering Role
Mother - A woman who has given birth and raised a child. Types of mother: 1. Biological mother given birth to a child of her own. 2. Non-biological mother - did not give birth to a child but took care/adopt a child.

Mothering role
3. Surrogate mother - bears an embryo, that is from another woman's fertilized ovum, to term for a couple biologically unable to have children.

Mothering role
Roles of a mother: 1. A typical mother works for her family. 2. Cares for her children. 3. Loving and understanding woman for her husband and children. 4. Faithful

Fathering role
A father (or dad) is defined as a male parent of any type of offspring.

Fathering role
Roles of a father: 1. Protective 2. Supportive 3. Responsible 4. Active father figures may play a role in reducing behavior and psychological problems in young men and women 5. Faithful