AIR CONDITIONER

The Basics

 work on basically the same principle as kitchen refrigerators, only without the box. not about adding cool air to the room, but more about drawing heat away from it end result -> space with significantly less heat, which makes it feel cooler to occupants.

 takes advantage of the effects of evaporation, much like a swab of alcohol makes a person's skin feel cooler as the liquid evaporates. doesn't lower the person's skin temperature, but rather draws away heat from the air as it turns to a gas.

Air Conditioner
It does the Un-natural -> Moves heat from HOT to COLD Uses a circulating fluid, usually refrigerant (Freon), to move heat These machinehas the unique ability to changea special chemical which generically called from a gas to a liquid in a short amount of time heat pump
pumped into the air conditioning unit at the factory, along with a small amount of lubricating oil for the compressor, an essential part of the air conditioning process.

History
Dr. John Gorrie
an ice-making machine that essentially blew air over a bucket of ice for cooling hospital rooms of patients suffering from malaria and yellow fever.

(1881) when President James Garfield was dying, naval engineers constructed a box-like structure containing cloths saturated with melted ice water, where a fan blew hot air overhead.

 (1902) Willis Carrier

"Apparatus for Treating Air" was built for the Sackett-Wilhelms Lithographing and Publishing Co. in Brooklyn, New York. Chilled coils were used in the machine to cool air and lower humidity to 55%, although the apparatus was made with enough precision that the humidity level desired was adjustable.

 industrial buildings such as printing plants, textile mills, pharmaceutical manufacturers, and a few hospitals. The first air-conditioned home was that of Charles Gates, son of gambler John "Bet a Million" Gates, in Minneapolis in 1914. large, expensive, and dangerous due to the toxic ammonia that was used as coolant (1922) Carrier had two breakthroughs he replaced the ammonia with the benign coolant dielene added a central compressor to reduce the size of the unit movie-theater operators

Air Conditions
Residential Compressor/ Condenser

Wall-mounted air conditioner

outside Apartments: compressor/condenser

Outside hospitals, etc

Key Features of an Air Conditioner

1. Evaporator
located in hot room transfers heat from hot room air to fluid Receives the liquid refrigerant located outside room Transfers heat from fluid to outside air Facilitates heat transfer

2. Condenser

3. Compressor
located outside room does work on the fluid by compressing it and creating entropy

4. Expansion valve - regulates refrigerant flow into the evaporator

Anatomy of an Air Conditioner

Low pressure Cold gas

or condenser

Outside Building
Hot, high Pressure liquid

Inside Building

Hot, high Pressure gas

2 1
Room Temp Low Pressure gas

A compressor turns the room temperature freon gas into a warm, high pressure gas.

A condenser turns the hot liquid freon into a cold low pressure gas via free expansion.

The Refrigeration Sequence in an Air conditione

1: Heat is absorbed by freon gas in tubes inside a warm room. Becomes a room temperature low pressure gas before entering compressor. 2: Room Temp low pressure freon gas enters a compressor and comes out as a high pressure hot gas. Passing thru tubes outside building, hot freon dumps heat to outside air

The Refrigeration Sequence in an Air conditione

3: Warm freon gas enters a constriction and is further pressurized to form a liquid in the condenser. 4. Freon liquid undergoes free expansion into a gas and cools. The cool gas then takes in heat from the room, becoming a room temperature low pressure gas The cycle is then repeated.