OLED - Organic Light Emitting Diode An OLED is any light emitting diode (LED) which emissive electroluminescent layer

is composed of a film of organic compounds.

 First developed in the early 1950s in France Early technology would emmite a short burst of light when a

voltage was applied . In 1987 the first light emitting diodes from thin organic layers. In 1990 electroluminescence in polymers was discovered.

 Substrate (clear plastic, glass, foil) - The substrate supports the OLED. Anode (transparent) - The anode removes electrons (adds electron

"holes") when a current flows through the device.

 Organic layer: o Conducting layer - This layer is made of organic plastic molecules that transport "holes" from the anode. One conducting polymer used in OLEDs is polyaniline. o Emissive layer - This layer is made of organic plastic molecules (different ones from the conducting layer) that transport electrons from the cathode; this is where light is made. One polymer used in the emissive layer is polyfluorene. Cathode (may or may not be transparent depending on the type of OLED) - The cathode injects electrons when a current flows through the device.

Passive OLEDs The organic layer is between strips of cathode and anode that run perpendicular The intersections form the pixels Easy to make Use more power Best for small screens

Active OLEDs Full layers of cathode and anode Anode over lays a thin film transistor (TFT) Requires less power Higher refresh rates Suitable for large screens

 Manufacturers focusing on finding a

cheap way to produce o "Roll-to-Roll" Manufacturing Increasing efficiency of blue luminance

Boosting overall lifespan

TVs Cell Phone screens Computer Screens Keyboards (Optimus Maximus) Lights Portable Divice displays

Sony
Released XEL-1 in February

2009. First OLED TV sold in stores. 11'' screen, 3mm thin $2,500 MSRP Weighs approximately 1.9 kg Wide 178 degree viewing angle 1,000,000:1 Contrast ratio

 Small OLED screen on every key 113 OLED screens total Each key can be programmed to preform a series of functions Keys can be linked to applications Display notes, numerals, special symbols, HTML codes, etc... SD card slot for storing settings

OLED Displays Vs. LCD and Plasma

Much faster response time Consume significantly less energy Able to display "True Black" picture Wider viewing angles Thinner display Better contrast ratio Safer for the environment Has potential to be mass produced inexpensively OLEDs refresh almost 1,000 times faster then LCDs

 Cheaper way to create flexible

lighting Requires less power Better quality of light New design concepts for interior lighting

OLED Displays Vs. LCD and Plasma Cost to manufacture is high Overall luminance degradation Constraints with lifespan Easily damaged by water Limited market availability OLED Lighting Vs. Incandescent and Fluorescent Not as easy as changing a light bulb

Lighting Flexible Wallpaper lighting defining new ways to light a space Transparent lighting doubles as a window

Cell Phones Nokia 888

Transparent Car Navigation System on Windshield Using Samsungs' transparent OLED technology Heads up display GPS system Scroll Laptop Nokia concept OLED Laptop

THANK YOU.