Artificial Intelligence

by

Dr.Abdul Hyee

THE HUMAN BRAIN TEST

Somethings Rotating or NOT?

Moving or Not

Want to confuse your eyes with brain

PARALLEL OR NOT?

Concentrate On The Cross In The Middle

Just Focus on 4 dots.

What is AI?
Artificial

intelligence can be thought of as

constructing computer models of human intelligence

Recognising

a face. Navigating a busy street. Understanding what someone says.

All

tasks require reasoning on

knowledge.

Who does AI?

Many

disciplines contribute to create intelligent entities:

Computer

Science Psychology (human reasoning) Philosophy (nature of belief etc) Languages (Prolog) Human Biology (how brain works)

Typical AI Problems

Everyday tasks - consider going shopping: Planning a route! Recognising buses, people. Communicating through natural language. Navigating obstacles on the street.

Expert

tasks are things like:

Medical

Diagnosis. Equipment repair.

Could AI Stop This?

Can We Build Artificial People?

Historical attempts Roots of Modern Technology

The modern quest for robots

Us vs. Them

Historical Attempts - Frankenstein

The original story, published by Mary Shelley, in 1818, describes the attempt of a true scientist, Victor Frankenstein, to create life.

Historical Attempts - Euphonia

Joseph Faber's Amazing Talking Machine (1830-40's).

Historical Attempts - RUR

In 1921, Karel produced the play R.U.R. (Rossum's Universal Robots).
"CHEAP LABOR. ROSSUM'S ROBOTS." "ROBOTS FOR THE TROPICS. 150 DOLLARS EACH." "EVERYONE SHOULD BUY HIS OWN ROBOT." "DO YOU WANT TO CHEAPEN YOUR OUTPUT? ORDER ROSSUM'S ROBOTS"

Robota actually means "forced workers" or "slaves."

The Roots of Modern Technology

Beads on Rods to count and calculate Still widely used in Asia!

Slide Rule 1630 used until 1970s

In 1642 Pascal built an Adding Machine

First stored program - metal cards First computer manufacturing Still in use today!

Analytical Engine 1833

could

store numbers powered by steam!

UNIVAC 1951 UNIVersal Automatic Computer

first fully electronic digital computer built in the U.S. Created at the University of Pennsylvania ENIAC weighed 30 tons contained 18,000 vacuum tubes Cost a paltry $487,000

Grace Hopper (1906-1992)

Programmed UNIVAC

Vacuum Tubes - 1941 - 1956

First Generation Electronic Computers used Vacuum Tubes

First Transistor

Second Generation Computers used Transistors, starting in 1956

Integrated Circuits

Third Generation Computers used IC (chips).

Integrated Circuits

Personal Computers
Founded 1977 Apple II released 1977

widely

used in schools

How Will We Recognize AI?

1990 Loebner Prize established. Grand Prize of $100,000 and a Gold Medal for the first computer whose responses just like a human.

Were Newell and Simon Right?

1957 Newell and Simon predicted that a computer will beat a human at chess.

Chess Today
In 1997, Deep Blue beat Gary Kasparov.

Robotics - Tortoise
1950 W. Grey Walters light seeking tortoises. In this picture, there are two, each with a light source and a light sensor. Thus they appear to dance around each other.

Robotics Hopkins Beast

1964 Its goal was to find power outlets.

Robotics - Shakey
1970 Shakey (SRI) remote-controlled computer, which formulated plans for moving and acting.

Robotics Stanford Cart

1971-9 Stanford cart. Remote controlled by person or computer. 1971 follow the white line 1975 drive in a straight line by tracking skyline

1979 get through obstacle courses.

Planning vs. Reacting

1979 in Fast, Cheap and Out of Control
The Ant, has 17 sensors. They are designed to work in colonies.

Robotics - Dante
In 1993, eight volcanologists were killed in two separate events while sampling and monitoring volcanoes.

1994 Dante explored the High-temperature, gas by volcano.

Robotics Mars Rover

Sand Storm Robot Car Race

In 2004 - An Unmanned offroad race, 142 miles from Barstow to Las Vegas.

Soccer Match by Robot Dogs

1997 First official Cup soccer match
Picture from 2003 competition

Human like Robot

Humanoid intelligence

The Differences Between Us and Them

Emotions Understanding
Consciousness

Robot Emotions

SAD

SURPRISE

Understanding

Consciousness
Perception

Educational Impact
Machines

in the classroom would be

teachers Machines may motivate or inspire students

Medical Impact

Doctors and nurses uses AI for Treatment Silicon chips to replace damaged nerve cells

You can operate human on moon from the earth

Military Impact
Laser

and particle beam weapons Smart weapons Planes without pilots

Human Vs Computer
Computational
Computers

tasks

are better than humans

Recognition
Humans

tasks

are better than computers

Reasoning
Require

tasks

a large amount of knowledge Humans are far better than computers

Islam & AI
In Islam, God created man in his own image So:
How

can man create artificial life if God is the creator of life?

THANKS. Q & A If Any