Presented by T.M.

SIVASANKAR

 Electronic waste or e-waste is any broken or

unwanted electrical or electronic application. E-waste includes computers, entertainment electronics, mobile phones and other items

 Understand the chemical and physical properties of E-

waste elements and compounds Comprehend the benefits and hazards e-waste components

 Heavy metals mostly considered hazardous

Trace elements some precious metals Other elements some valuable

 Lead
Cadmium Mercury

Chromium
Plastics including PVCs Brominated Fire Retardants

Barium
Beryllium Toners

Phosphor and Additives

 CRT glass
Landfill leaching Acute effects on humans, plants, animals

Banned in Gasoline, Paint

 Batteries, boards, plastics

Absorbed through respiration Toxic and carcinogenic

 Components, batteries
Contaminates water, fish Brain damage

 Corrosion protection
Toxic leaching from landfills Cannot incinerate

 CRT radiation protection

Affects animals Human effects unknown

 Toners
Phosphors Plastics

PVC
Brominated Chemicals

1.~14 lbs/computer 2. billion lbs/yr 3.PVC hazards

 Durable
Lightweight Flexible

Cost-effective
Corrosion-resistant Excellent insulation properties

 Factors responsible:
o Changes in regulatory classification:Change over from 18 waste categories with annual threshold limits to 36 processes and corresponding waste streams Emphasis on waste minimisation-zero discharge(Tanneries,textiles) o Fly-ash,gypsum sludge excluded o Units closed/New Units

An Indian perception

TREATMENT, STORAGE & DISPOSAL FACILITIES

STATE-WISE COM PARATIVE HW GENERATING UNITS AS PER HWM RULES, 1989 & 2003

1000 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0

No. of HW generating Units

889 753 575 423 271 309 257 116 47 183 133 163 207 57

Chandigarh

Haryana

Himachal

Kerala

Orissa

MP

STATE HW generating Units as per HWM RULES, 1989 HW generating Units as per HWM RULES, 2003

J& K

Comparative HW generating Units as perHWM Rules, 1989 and 2003

7000 6000 5000 4000
2984 4571 3953

6052

3000 2000
1532 1589 454 700

2177 1633 1448 1100 1036

1000 501

Karnataka

Maharashtra

Punjab

TN

Gujarat

State No. of HW units as per HWM Rules, 1989 No. of HW units as per 2003

UP

AP

Comparative HW genertion as per HWM Rules, 1989 and 2003 in ' ooo Tonnes 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20
4 1 17 9 30 103 92 84 82 166 155 146

Karnataka

Assam

Kerala

Delhi

Name of the State HW generation as per Rules, 1989 HW generation as per Rules, 2003

Pondicherry

UP

HWs - Landfillable, Recyclable, Incinerable as per HWM Rules, 2003

1600 1400 1200 1000
410 147 628 154

800 600 400 200

650 126 264 230 626 9 56 10

Maharashtra

Gujarat

AP

State Landfillable Recyclable Incinerable

Orissa

Financial Viability of TSDFs

Viability to be ensured at reasonable user charges Central / State Support Waste Assurance ( Zonation & Enforcement) Maharashtra-zonation Gujarat-left to market forces User Charges - Charges fixed at tendering stage-Maharashtra - Fixation - Tripartite consultation A.P - Market forces to determine-Gujarat - Escalation in line with WPI Scale of Operation and operating area- determine user charges

S.No.

Total HW generation in 000 TPA

AP 507

No. of TSDF operation/under construction

01

in No. of sites notified

No. of sites identified

1.

02

02

2.
3. 4. 6 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20.

Assam
Chandigarh Delhi Goa Gujarat Haryana Himachal Karnataka Kerala Maharashtra MP Orissa Pondicherry Punjab Rajasthan Tamilnadu Uttarpradesh West Bengal

4
8 17 1207 15

Nil Nil 07 -

Nil Nil 16 01 02 01 02 Nil 01 Nil 01 01 01 03

03 Nil 22 01 02 02 01 06 03 01 Nil 01 08 03 05

92 84 1407 75 30 16 184 182 82

Nil Nil 02 Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil 1

 Flexibility for Industries located on Inter

State Border

Problem facing smaller States/UTs

Incinerable waste Min. Scale of oration about 1.0 ton per hour

Practical Difficulties: Delhi, Chandigarh, Daman, Goa

Recyclable Wastes for which State of Art Facilities are needed

Mercury Bearing wastes.

Nickel Cadmium Batteries

Spent Catalyst

E- Waste:

Guidance document under preparation covering i) ii ) Informal sector leaded glass