SOCIAL CHANGE

- refers to variation or modifications in the pattern of social organization, of subgroups within society or the entire society itself.

CHARACTERISTICS OF SOCIAL CHANGE

1.

It happens everywhere although the rate of change varies from place to place. Some societies change faster.

2.

Social change is sometimes intentional but often unplanned.

Social change often generates controversy. Social change are more important than fads and fashions which only have a passing significance.

3.

4.

SOCIAL CHANGE AND TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT

Four general characteristics of modernization : Peter Berger (1977)

1.

2.
3. 4.

The decline of small, traditional communities. The expansion of personal choices. Increasing social diversity. Future orientation and growing awareness of time.

LEVELS OF HUMAN ACTION AND CHANGE

INDIVIDUAL PERSONALITY

INTERACTION AMONG INDIVIDUALS

CULTURAL SYSTEM

GROUP OF SOCIAL SYSTEM

Individual Personality - historically been the sphere of psychologists, whether they pursue a psychoanalytic or behaviorist framework. 2. Interaction Among Individuals - constitutes the area of social psychology, specifically students of a group dynamics. It follows the behaviorist perspective, including personality, interaction, and self-theory. 3. Group of Social Systems - the group is the unit of analysis, particularly the emergent properties of the group where the social level is thought to reside. 4. Cultural Systems - it is concern mainly of anthropology. Anthropology is the study of humans, past and present.
1.

CHANGE is pervasive and is taking place in culture, society and personality.

CULTURE CHANGE
cultural context and structure. It may involve such as elements.
1.

- refers to all alternation affecting new traits or trait complexes

The development of oral and written language and other means of communications. Modifications in technology Shifts in economic principle

2.

3.

4.

The historical evolution of religious ritual and dogma, educational philosophy and political ideology.
Variations in musical styles and other arts forms. Transitions in scientific theories. Alternations in the forms and rules of social interaction.

5.

6.

7.

TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE
-denotes revisions that occurs in peoples application of

their technical knowledge and skills as they adapt themselves to their biophysical environment.
1.

The increasing differentiation in the forms of tools, instruments and implements used.
The constant addition to and deletions from the range of inventions; The adolescence of and advancement in scientific knowledge; and The innovations in ability to utilize and exploit the natural environment for human needs.

2.

3.

4.

THEORIES OF SOCIAL CHANGE

EVOLUTIONARY THEORIES

EQUILIBRIUM THEORY

CONFLICT THEORY

RISE AND FALL THEORIES

1.

2.

Evolutionary theory characterized primarily by an assumption of smooth, cumulative, often in linear fashion, and always in the direction of increasing complexity and adaptability. Equilibrium theory characterized by the concept of homeostasis, and focuses on conditions tending toward stability as a consequence.
Conflict theory characterized by the assumption that change is endemic to all social organisms, and focuses on conditions that tend toward stability as a consequence. Rise and Fall theory characterized by the assumption that societies, cultures, or civilization regress as well as grow , and that all societies do not move in the same direction (Appelbaum1971: 9-10).

3.

4.

MODERNATION THEORY concerned with the correlates of industrialization.

Four distinct process: 1. In technological 2. In Agriculture 3. In Industry 4. In ecological arrangements

Profound changes may be expected in an emerging nation:

1.

Political sphere as simple tribal or village authority give way to systems of suffrage, political parties, representation, and civil service bureaucracies. Educational sphere as society strives to reduce illiteracy and increase economically productive skills. Religious sphere as secularized belief systems begin to replace traditionalistic religion. Familial sphere as extended kinship units lose their pervasiveness. Stratification sphere -as geographical and social mobility tends to loosen fixed, ascriptive hierarchical systems.

2.

3.

4.

5.

FACTORS IN SOCIAL CHANGE

development

cause
Natural phenomenon stimulants

rate

Physical sciences

direction

RATE OF SOCIAL CHANGE RATE refers to speed or pace -it can measured by :
1.

2.

3.

Comparing the overall culture or parts of the culture of different societies at given period. Examining the overall culture or parts of the culture of the same society at different times. Viewing the parts of the culture of the same society at a specific period.

FORMS OF SOCIAL CHANGE : the characteristics of social change that may or may not be repeated over definite periods of time is indicated by the term form.

TWO IDEAL FORMS OF SOCIAL CHANGE : by (Davis 1949)

1.

2.

CYCLICAL parts are repeated over a considerable period of time. LINEAR specific aspects change in only one direction and never rear.

DIRECTION OF SOCIAL CHANGE - the direction of social change may be evaluated the light of its consistency with past or present conditions.

MODERNIZATION: THE PHILIPPINES

1. 2.

3.
4. 5. 6.

New direction, bold initiatives Economic Modernization Agricultural Modernization Educational Modernization Political Modernization Mindanao Imperative

Social Change in the Philippine Society

Modernization A major consequence of change of the contemporary world.

Various Elements of Socio Cultural Change

1.

2.
3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

Industrialization Urbanization Technology Population Education Bureaucracy Medicine Public Health

THE PHILIPPINE AGRICULTURE

F A R M E R S

New Dimension of social change

1. 2.

Leadership Pattern Natural Development policies -Economic Reforms -Peace and Order -Land Reform -Reorientation of Moral Values -Governmental Reforms -Educational reforms and Social services

Change in Natural Disaster

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PREPARED BY :

ROKAROO