The Basics Of Information Systems

A brief introduction Information Systems by T.Arun Kumar

What is Information System ?

Information System It is defined as a system that enable people to gather, consolidate, and compute data and present the information in a meaningful and

Intelligent format either with the Help of Computers or Manually is called the information systems.
Technically a set of interrelated components that collect, process, store and distribute information to support decision Making, coordination and control in an organization.

Types of Information System

There are Four types of Management information Systems : 1. 2. 3. 4. TRANSACTION PROCESSING SYSTEM OPERATION MGT. MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS MIDDLE MGT. KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS KNOWLEDGE EXPERTISE DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEMS-SENIOR MANAGEMENT LEVEL.

Types of Information System

Information Systems

Transaction Processing Systems

Transaction processing systems are the basic business systems that work at the operational level of the organization. In General a TPS is a computerized system that performs and records the daily routine transactions necessary to run the business.

The major TPS in retail are as follows, 1)Purchase and supply Management. 2)Sales and Distribution Management. 3)Warehouse and Inventory Management. 4)Finance and Accounting Management. 5)Production Planning and control Management. 6)Human Resource Management.

Basic Characteristics Of TPS

Generates primary data that is further made available to other information systems for analysis. Works on highly structured and pre defined procedures. Is routine and repetitive in nature Works at the operation level of the organization

Management Information Systems

Characteristics of MIS
They do not generate any data and work on the data offered in the TPS. They primarily serve the purpose of planning, controlling, and decision making at the management level. They provide routine periodical reports and summaries. They work on internal data and not considers external data. They provide fixed reports and hence lack flexibility.

Knowledge Management Systems

Knowledge management (KM) comprises a range of strategies and practices used in an organization to identify, create, represent, distribute, and enable adoption of INSIGHTS and EXPERIENCES. Such insights and experiences comprise KNOWLEDGE, either embodied in individuals or embedded in organizations as PROCESSES or practices.

Cont..
The characteristics of KMS are as follows: 1)Knowledge is vested in individuals and so the risk of losing the critical knowledge is always there. 2)Knowledge is an outcome of research and Development. 3)KMS is more critical for organization to promote and accumulate. 4)Organization need to invest on research and development.

Decision Support Systems

A decision support system (DSS) is a computer-based information system that supports business or organizational decision making activities. DSS serve the management, operations, and planning levels of an organization and help to make decisions, which may be rapidly changing and not easily specified in advance. A properly designed DSS is an interactive software-based system intended to help decision makers compile useful information from a combination of raw data, documents, personal knowledge, or business models to identify and solve problems and make decisions.

Cont..
Typical information that a decision support application might gather and present are: Inventories of information assets (including legacy and relational data sources, cubes, data warehouses and data marts. Comparative sales figures between one period and the next. Projected revenue figures based on product sales assumptions.

DSS Characteristics
The DSS is meant for the top management of the organization. It uses internal financial and revenue data and external data from government agencies. It helps the management with abstract of the data usually in graphical form. It uses tools like OLAP , Sensitivity analysis and Data Warehouse.

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