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Universiti Technologi Mara

Fuel and Energy Technology


Course Code CHE 685

Professor Mohammad Asadullah


Faculty of Chemical Engineering

Universiti Technologi Mara

Chapter 1

1.0

Introduction to History of Energy, Consumption and Demand 1.1 Overview of the global energy demand and generation 1.2 Factors for energy demand

1.3 Energy supply and sources


1.4 Also issues on sustainability is introduced

What is Energy?
- Definition? originates from the Greek word energeia meaning activity, working

- Known in 4th Century B.C. In 1021 A.D. AlKhazin discovered the energy in light recorded his observation in the Book of Optics - In 1121 A.D. AlKhazini relates energy to the gravity and recorded in the Book of Balance of Wisdom
- In physics is a scalar quantity that describes amount of work performed by a force in a system subject to the law of conservation of energy - Types - Equations - ..,..,.., E=mc2

What is Energy?
Leibniz first introduced the concept of energy as the product of mass of an object and its velocity squared Einstein utilized the concept further in 1901 and became world famous. Transformation of energy from one type to another that emerge from the law of conservation of energy.

What is Energy?

Other important terms/relations power, efficiency, quality, exergy Exergy is the useful work that can be extracted from a system which executes a loss free process between its initial state and a dead state. The dead state is the equilibrium state with the surroundings.

History of Energy in Mankind


Prehistory food chemical energy : - agriculture ; animals - Water and wind power - light and heat - transport and construction Ancient civilisation Modern history Industrialized nations - fossil fuel-based society, coal, oil.. - electricity - agricultural activities - transport; steam engines - communications

Global Energy Consumption

Developed country vs developing countries


Among developed countries; Energy consumption depends on; - climate, - living space - distance to travel - larger automobiles - contribution to GDP

Global Energy Sources

Petroleum, Oil Coal


Natural Gas Nuclear- electric Hydroelectric Geothermal Renewable energy

Global Electricity Consumption

Trend of electricity consumption Electricity generation and energy sources

Global Energy Supply

Coal reserves Petroleum reserves Natural gas reserves Climatic changes global warming - CO2 emissions

Sustainability
Meeting the needs of the present generation without compromising the future generations to meet their own needs
Are the present energy technologies sustainable? To attain sustainable it must meet the following criteria

Criteria of Sustainability
Contributes little to climate change

Capable to provide power for many generations without significant reductions in size of the resource Capable to provide power for many generations
Does not leave a burden to the future generation Sustainable vs unsustainable energy technologies

What is Energy ?
Definition ? originates from the Greek word

energeia meaning activity, working Known in 4th Century B.C. In 1021 A.D. AlKhazin discovered the energy in light recorded his observation in the Book of Optics In 1121 A.D. AlKhazini relates energy to the gravity and recorded in the Book of Balance of Wisdom In physics is a scalar quantity that describes amount of work performed by a force in a system subject to the law of conservation of energy Types Equations - ..,..,.., E=mc2

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