STUDY OF ANNELING AND HARDNING & TEMPERING PROCESS OF HIGH CARBON STEELS

Introduction of ASIL Products Production Capacity Process at ASIL Hot Rolled Coil Slitting Pickling Rolling Annealing Hardening and Tempering Grinding and Poilishing Blue Annealing References Acknowledgement THANKYOU

Anil Special Steel Industries Limited was incorporated as a public limited company in 1968 with an ambition of becoming the market leader in the manufacturing of Hardened and Tempered (H&T) steel strips. ANIL SPECIAL STEEL INDUSTRIES LIMITED has been a market leader in its wide product range in India with its extensive network of 9 branch offices all over the country and competitive overseas market spread over 40 countries all over the world. "Anil Special Steel Industries Limited has been found to confirm to the quality System Standards ISO-9001-2008. Accredited by QSI India"

Cold Rolled and Spheriodized Annealed Steel Strips

Anil Special Steel Industries Limited has facilities for Annealing medium/high carbon steel, low/high alloy steel in various combinations of widths & thicknesses meeting to various industrial requirements.
Applications Cutting tool Hack Saw, Power saw and all types of Carbon Saws Automobile Industry Clutch, Seat Belts, brake assemble, Chain Links, Circlips, various automobile applications Miscellaneous Application Medical-Surgical Blades, Stapler Springs, General Engineering Strip Springs.

In Anil Special Steel Industries Ltd. Hardening and Tempering is done by continous type process.
Applications Industry

Wood Cutting
Band Saw, Hand Saw, Cross cut saw and Pit saw and all types of Wood Cutting Saws. Automobile Industry Flat spring for Clutch plates, Shims and Washers, Auto Electric Contact Springs and various types of components and springs.

Gang Saw Blade for Marble/Stone cutting. Leather / Foam Industry Leather Band Knives and Foam Band Knives.
.

Grades of Steel for body

High Carbon. High Carbon Low Alloy.

Application Industry
Wood Cutting Wood Working Ripping & Cross Cutting for Plywood Stone Cutting Metal Cutting Paper Cutting

Capacity to produce 20,000 M.T. per annum of

Cold Rolled and Spheriodized Annealed steel strips. 12,000 M.T. per annum of Hardened and Tempered steel strips. 3,60,000 pieces per annum of Circular Saws/Steel Discs Along with the excellent machinery. The companyhas resource of 500 skilled and professional employees.

Flow chart

Hot rolled coils are slitted by continuous shear cutting process. Two circular blades made up of high speed steels are used in this process. A fixed gap between blades is provided which depends upon the thickness of sheet used and is called as clearance. Example : If sheet of thickness 2 mm is used then clearance of 0.3 mm is used.

Pickling

Many hot working processes and other processes that occur at high temperatures leave a discoloring oxide layer or scale on the surface. In order to remove the scale the workpiece is dipped into a vat of pickle liquor such as hydrochloric acid. This process is called as pickling.

Rolling is a metal forming process in which metal stock is passed through a pair of rolls. If the temperature of the metal is below its recrystallization temperature, the process is termed as cold rolling. Dimensions of rolls are following: Diameter of Backup roll : 520mm(min.) 560mm(max.) Diameter of Work rolls : 165mm(min.) 180mm(max.) Maximum working load given is : 350 M ton Roughness of working roll is : 20 Roughness on the coil surface : 10 .

Annealing is a treatment, consisting of heating to predefined temperature and holding at a that temperature followed by cooling at a suitable rate. Annealing is used to get improvement of machinability ; facilitation of cold working; improvement of mechanical or electrical properties; or increase in stability of dimensions.

When steel strip is cooled rapidly from above its upper critical temperature then it becomes considerably harder The strip becomes harder due to the formation of extremely hard structure called martensite which appears under the microscope as a mass of uniform needle-shaped crystals . The degree of hardness produced can vary, and is dependent upon such factors as The initial quenching temperature; The size of the work; Temperature of the quenching medium; Final temperature of the quenching medium.
.

Tempering is always carried out below the lower critical temperature, martensite tends to transform to the equilibrium structure of ferrite and cementite. The higher the tempering temperature the more closely will the original martensitic structure revert to this ferritecementite mixture and so strength and hardness falls progressively, while toughness and ductility increase. The structural changes which occur during the tempering of martensite containing more than 0.3% carbon, take place in three stages:

1st Stage:

At about 100C, the existing martensite begins to transform to another form of martensite, containing only 0.25% carbon, together with very fine particles of a carbide. However, this carbide is not ordinary cementite but one containing rather more carbon and of a formula approximately Fe2.4C an is called -carbide. 2nd Stage: This begins at about 250C when any 'retained austenite' begins to transform to bainite. 3rd Stage: At about 350C the e-carbide begins to transform to ordinary cementite and this continues as the temperature rises. In the meantime the remainder of the carbon begins to precipitate from the martensitealso as cementiteand in consequence the martensite structure gradually reverts to one of ordinary BCC ferrite.

It is the special type of annealing in which strip is passed through a nitrate solution at different temperatures to get the different colors of on the strip. The temperature range defines the color of strip. Range is following: 31010 BRONZE 36010 BLUE 40010 GREY 43010 BLACK

http://www.anilspecialsteel.com/company-profile.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tempering ASIL Company manual http://www.ssab.com/Global/SSAB/Brochures/sv/Images%20

Steelbook/The_LD_process.jpg http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basic_oxygen_steelmaking http://www.voestalpine.com/schienen/en/technology_and_c ompetence/production/production.ContentPar-2349TextBlock2ColImage.jpg