ANG

PANANAKIP
NG

PAGDADAKIP
A HISTORY OF PHILIPPINE PIRACY

"Piracy is an act of robbery or criminal [1]" a violence at sea.

"Piracy is an act of robbery or criminal [1]" a violence at sea.

Piracy involves not only an external

act of pillage, depredations at sea, but the intention . . . either in blind revenge or to strike terror in their enemies as part of their efforts to preserve their independence from Spanish imperialism.
F. Delor Angeles

Prahu outfitted for battle.

Spanish

gun ships.

Salitsipan

PIRACY, WHILE COMMONLY BELIEVED TO HAVE HAD RELIGIOUS MOTIVATIONS, SERVED ECONOMIC PURPOSES AND EXTENDED INTO THE DIFFERENT ASPECTS OF PHILIPPINE LIFE DURING THE SPANISH COLONIZATION PERIOD.

WHO WERE

THE PIRATES

PHILIPPINES?
A BRIEF INTRODUCTION ABOUT SOME PIRATE GROUPS

OF SPANISH

LORDS OF THE EASTERN SEAS

CAME FROM THE TERM

"I-LANAW-EN"

LORDS OF THE EASTERN SEAS

CAME FROM THE TERM

"I-LANAW-EN"

LORDS OF THE EASTERN SEAS

USED TO BE THE

MARANAO
MEANING "PEOPLE FROM THE LAKE WHO LIVED IN THE HIGH UPLANDS SURROUNDING THE LAKE LANAO.

FISHERS OF MEN

FISHERS OF MEN

FISHERS OF MEN

FISHERS OF MEN

PEOPLE OF THE CURRENT

WERE INTRODUCED TO ISLAM AROUND 15TH CENTURY

PEOPLE OF THE CURRENT

CLUSTERS OF SMALL ISLANDS IN THE SULU AREA WERE PERFECT FOR PIRACY:

VERY DIFFICULT TO NAVIGATE THROUGH REEFS, STRAITS AND GULFS PERFECT FOR CONCEALMENT

MINIMAL TO NO SUPERVISION FROM COLONIAL RULE

RELIABLE PREVAILING WINDS IDEAL FOR SAILING PRAHUS

"THE TAOSUG DO NOT PARTICIPATE IN SLAVE RAIDS BUT THE PEOPLE FROM BALANGINGI, ... AS WELL AS THE IRANUN COME TO JOLO TO BARTER LARGE NUMBERS OF CHRISTIAN CAPTIVES ANNUALLY."

(THE SULU ZONE, 2009)

 DATUS NEEDED TO HAVE ENOUGH PEOPLE AND RESOURCES TO SEND SLAVE-RAIDS.

A TAOSUG SULTAN GETS MOST OF HIS WEALTH FROM TRADE, HARBOUR AND MARKET FEES AND TRIBUTE.

SLAVES SUPPLEMENTED HIS INCOME.

THUS THE PRINCIPAL AIM OF TAOSUGSPONSORED IRANUN/BALANGINGI ATTACKS ON SOUTHEAST ASIAN VILLAGES AND PRAHU SHIPPING WAS THE CAPTURE OF SLAVES WHO COULD BE CONVERTED INTO A SOURCE OF WEALTH.

WHO

WERE
THE

TIRONES
AND WHY WERE THEY A THREAT?

ORIGINATED FROM TIRUN OR TEDONG (NORTHEAST BORNEO) LIVED IN SMALL ISLANDS BETWEEN BORNEO AND PALAWAN; CALLED MOSCAS THESE TIRONES WERE PIRATES THAT USED FRAIL FAST BOATS ARMED WITH LANTACAS, SOMBILINES, GRAPPLING HOOKS, KRISES AND OTHER WEAPONS.

THEY SET OUT OF PALAWAN AND THE VISAYAS UP TO MINDORO, MARINDUQUE, MANILA BAY AND THE BICOL REGION, BURNING TOWNS, DESECRATING CHURCHES, KILLING, TAKING BOOTY AND HUMAN CAPTIVES, ESPECIALLY RELIGION MINISTERS.

LANTACAS FROM COTABATO

COMPARED TO OTHER MORO MAURADERS, THEY WERE SUFFERED LESS CASUALTIES BECAUSE THEY WERE MORE CUNNING (AVOIDED COMMUNITIES WHERE RESISTANCE WAS LIKELY AND CONDUCTED NIGHT RAIDS). THEY CONSERVED AMMO BY FIRING ONLY ONE MUSKET TO CAUSE A PANIC. IF THERE WERE SIGNS OF RESISTANCE, THEY WOULD DO LITTLE DAMAGE AND WOULD LEAVE IN THEIR BOATS. THEY WERE MERCILESS TOWARDS SMALL BOATS BUT LEFT LARGER BOATS ALONE BECAUSE THEY WERE UNABLE TO SURPRISE THEM.

IN PALAWAN, CAPT. ANTONIO GIL REPORTED THAT FOR FEAR OF AN ATTACK NO SMOKE AT DAYTIME OR FIRE AT NIGHTTIME COULD BE SEEN ALONG THE COASTS OF NEARBY ISLETS. PEOPLE WOULD FLEE INTO THE INLAND MOUNTAINS AND THEIR WORK ON EVANGELIZATION WAS PUT TO A COMPLETE STOP. THEY WOULD WATCH THE TIRONES INNUMERABLE VESSELS SAIL BY ON THEIR MAURADING EXPEDITIONS.

ONE GROUP CALLED THE TIRONES WERE EITHER THE VERY SAME GROUP AS THE CAMUCONES OR A DISTINCT GROUP ALTOGETHER.

EVEN NATIVES CALLED THE PIRATES MOROS WHICH LEAD TO THE TERM BEING SYNONYMOUS TO PIRATE NON-MORO PREDATORS

THE

REASONS
FOR

PIRACY
THE REAL MOTIVES

RELIGION?
THE REAL MOTIVES

SLAVE RAIDING HAD NO RELIGIOUS MOTIVES.

THE MYTH-MAKING BEHIND MORO-MORO

OF

THE

2 ways of looking at the Moro-Moro 1) Piracy contributed to the myth-making of violent Muslims. 2) The Moro-Moro created the myth-making of violent Muslims.

TWO WAYS...

TWO WAYS...

TWO WAYS...

ROSE TO THE TOP OF THE SULU SULTANATE. WANTED TO CONSOLIDATE SULTANATES TERRITORY DEALT WITH TIRONES FIRST. PLANNED AN EXPEDITION AGAINST THEM TO INSTALL A CHIEFTAIN AND TO ASSERT HIS AUTHORITY OVER THOSE REBELLIOUS PEOPLE.

 HE CALLED UPON VERY EAGER SPANIARDS FOR HELP 8000 MEN TO GO ON THE EXPEDITION THE DESIGN OF THE PANCO, THE PIRATES FAST SAILER, WAS COPIED AND CONSTRUCTED IN THE NAVY YARD.

WHO

WERE
THE

SLAVES
AND HOW WERE THEY CAPTURED?

In consideration of the fact that there are islands inhabited by Moros in that land, and that they come to trade and traffic thus hindering the preaching of the holy gospel, and disturbing you, we grant you permission to enslave such Moros, and to seize their possessions.

In consideration of the fact that there are islands inhabited by Moros in that land, and that they come to trade and traffic thus hindering the preaching of the holy gospel, and disturbing you, we grant you permission to enslave such Moros, and to seize their possessions.

In consideration of the fact that there are islands inhabited by Moros in that land, and that they come to trade and traffic shall hindering the But you thus under no preaching of the holywhatever and consideration gospel, disturbing you, we who were enslave those grant you permission to enslavehave adopted and Indians who such Moros, to seize worshippossessions. but the their of Mahomet; you shall endeavor to convert them and to persuade them to accept our holy Catholic faith by good and legitimate means.