Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
By
Dr. MARUT DAMCHA-OM
BACKGROUND
Map of the World
PROFILE OF
THAILAND
Map of
Thailand
and Pattani
Population
POPULATION OF THAILAND = 63
million
Pattani
95% MUSLIM
3% BUDDHIST
2% OTHERS
Pattani Harbor
Deep-sea Fishing Boat
Laborers
Fish-sorting Laborers
Educational Attendance of Children
Between the Ages of 14-17 in
Pattani
Out of School
• 15,953 (33.99%)
Children’s Rights to Education
RIGHT TO LIVE
RIGHT TO LEARN
RIGHT TO EDUCATION
Constitution of the Kingdom of
Thailand 1997
Section 43
“A person shall enjoy an equal right to
receive the fundamental education for the
duration of not less than twelve years
which shall be provided by the State
thoroughly, up to the quality and without
charge …”
Significance of the Study
Increase awareness of child labor in Pattani
among parents, educators, schools, and
community officials
• Profile
a. Age
b. Sex
c. Nationality
d. Educational Attainment
e. Language Ability
Focus of the Study
3. Health Status
5. Employers’ Opinion
• Data Analysis
Findings: Profile
A) Age
Deep Sea Fishing Fish Sorting
12-14 12-14
Years Years
18% 39%
15-17 15-17
Years Years
82% 61%
Findings: Profile
B) Sex
180
165
160
140
120
100
Deep Sea Fishing
80 Fish Sorting
60 45
40
20 0 0
0
Male Female
Findings: Profile
C) Nationality
Fish Sorting: 100% Thai
Deep Sea Fishing:
Burmese
14%
Thai
53%
Cambodian
33%
Findings: Profile
D) Educational Attainment
Deep Sea Fishing Fish Sorting
No
Education
Grade 6 Grade 9 5% Grade 6
Grade 4 12% 33% 62%
24%
No
Education
64%
Findings: Profile
E) Language Ability (Thai)
Deep Sea Fishing Fish Sorting
Could
Could
Speak not
not Speak,
Only
Speak Read or
6%
Read Write
or 7%
Write
Speak Speak,
Read Read &
Speak Write
and
Only 87%
Write
17% 51%
2. Earnings and Welfare
Earnings in US Dollars per
Month
Deep Sea Fish
Fishing
Less
Sorting$23.80-
$71.50 $83.30 $47.60
Than 2%
27% 43%
$23.80
51%
Less than
$23.80 $23.80
22% 55%
2. Earnings and Welfare
Welfare - Drinking Water
Deep Sea Fishing: 100% Provided
Fish Sorting:
Provided
36%
Not
Provided
64%
3. Health Status
Never Been I ll
Been I ll
Been I ll 43%
13%
57%
Never
Been I ll
87%
4. Employers’ Opinion
Deep-Sea Fishing
Requirements of laborers
• resilience
• strength and endurance
• male
70% prefer adult laborers
30% prefer child laborers
Child and adult are treated equally.
Employers’ Opinion (cont’d)
Fish-sorting
75% prefer adult laborers
• more patient
• more experienced
• faster workers
25% prefer child laborers
• young and active, fast and obedient
• unaware of children’s rights
•Easy to please
5.Reason for Working
Deep Sea Fishing Fish
No Other
Sorting Peer
J obs No Other I nfluence
Available Peer J obs 10%
20% Influence Available
10% 23%
Need Need
Income to I ncome to
Support Support
Families Families
70% 67%
Conclusions
1. Fish-sorting is female dominated while deep-sea
fishing industry is a male dominated industry
2. Deep-sea fishing industry is attractive to both
male adult and child laborers
3. The Thai fishing industry is attractive to
neighboring countries.
4. The Thai deep sea fishing and fish sorting
industries lure children away from school
5. Low economic status of parents drive children to
join the fishing and sorting industry
Conclusions (cont’d)
1. The majority of health problems were due to
working accidents
6. Both parents and children are not aware of the
value of education