Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
Pico BTS
Pico Repeater
Windows size
Study 1
Study 2
Study 3A
Study 3B
60 50 40 30 20 10 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 d (m) 900MHz PathLoss (dB) 1800MHz PathLoss (dB) 2300MHz PathLoss (dB)
With a dedicated project operators can follow the clients on the services by carefully looking at the QoS indicators, and be proactive in the resolution of problems Adding all this together the operator can provide a service of excellence to the clients
creating a partner relationship where the clients feel comfortable and satisfied increase in ARPU Retention and reduction in the churn and captivating new costumers
Motivations
Users
Coverage Access to network Ease of Use Mobility Cost Health & Safety, data security Compelling services
Operators
Access to users Low initial and ongoing costs Differentiated services Customer retention Corporate social responsibility (Health & Safety, Security)
Tenants
Continuity of business Quiet Enjoyment High, appropriate, footfall Corporate Social Responsibility
Landlords
Continuity of business (own and tenants) High, appropriate footfall Preserve and enhance property value Corporate Social Responsibility
General Architecture
Increases Revenue
Faster Response Times Reduced Lost Sales Improved Employee Productivity/Efficiency
DAS Types
Passive distribution systems Active distribution systems
Components:
Coaxial cable RF splitters Antennas Leaky Cables
Passive DAS
Discrete Antennas Each Cable Run Ends in One Antenna Creates Hot Spots Troublesome Near Windows Phones Operate in Far Field Advantage: Directivity and Deployment
Base station:
Macro BTS 10 W Micro BTS 1W Pico BTS mws High cost Requires backhaul Dedicated room
Out
Omni-directional Antenna
Open areas Equal distance between boundaries
FLOOR PLAN
Directional Antenna
Areas with leakage constraints Long and narrow halls
Floor Plan
Passive DAS
Types:
Parallel
Series
20 dBm input
-5.5 dBm
-11.5 dBm
(-5 dB)
(-5 dB)
80m
160m
240m
320m
-1 dBm
15 dB Coupler
-1.4 dB 6 dB
50 0 5 10 15 20 900MHz 25
Attenuation [dB]
100
200
400
[m]
1800MHz 2400MHz
30 35 40 45 50
In excess of 150-200 meters the cable loss is too high, therefore it becomes less convenient for passive distribution
Due to cable slope, Multiband Multiservice distribution requires higher power at higher frequencies
Campus applications
Utilize coaxial cable to transport the signals from the remote unit to several (2-4) radiating points
No power required Low loss for short distances
1/2 coax
Coax horizontal runs cause signal loss Splitter enables each remote unit to serve multiple antennas Each remote requires a power supply Easy to sectorize building
Wired
E/O CONVERSION E/O CONVERSION E/O CONVERSION POINT OF INTERFACE NETWORK E/O CONVERSION E/O CONVERSION E/O CONVERSION E/O CONVERSION E/O CONVERSION O/E CONVERSION O/E CONVERSION O/E CONVERSION O/E CONVERSION O/E CONVERSION O/E CONVERSION O/E CONVERSION O/E CONVERSION
Wireless
TX TX
TX
Centralised Equipment
ACTIVE Distribution
PASSIVE Distribution
Coverage Area
Active DAS:
A Multi-technology Environment
1
2
E/O CONVERSION E/O CONVERSION E/O CONVERSION POINT OF INTERFACE NETWORK E/O CONVERSION E/O CONVERSION E/O CONVERSION E/O CONVERSION E/O CONVERSION
5
O/E CONVERSION O/E CONVERSION O/E CONVERSION O/E CONVERSION O/E CONVERSION O/E CONVERSION O/E CONVERSION O/E CONVERSION
TX TX
TX
Centralised Equipment
ACTIVE Distribution
PASSIVE Distribution
Coverage Area
1) Network interface: High Power RF, Low power RF, Air interface,. 2) Low power passive RF:Cross-band and hybrid couplers, signal conditioning and monitoring. 3) Signal Conversion (electrical to optical) 4) Cabling, interconnection, remote supply distribution 5) Signal conversion (optical to electrical), RF processing, RF Amplification 6) Passive wideband RF 7) RF Radiating 8) Monitoring, control, SW & digital communication
Coaxial cable:
Susceptible to Interference Higher loss at higher transmission frequency Large diameter if low loss is required Large bending radius if low loss is required Thin coaxial cable is easy to install Well suited for short distances (< 50 m)
Cost
16 14 12 10 8
Thousands
Can we compare the cost of an installed segment of coax with an installed segment of fibre ?
coax
fiber
6 4 2 0 50 100 200 400 800
Length (m)
Fiber Active Solution cost includes: installed fiber, optical transducers and typical output power of 50mW per band
Cable cost doesnt include any active cable booster
The additional cost of Electro/Optic transducers is compensated as long as fiber run is >100mt.
Active DAS:
An Answer for any Requirements
+FLEXIBILITY +SCALABILITY +BANDWIDTH +SPECTRAL EFFICIENCY
TX TX
TX
E/O CONVERSION E/O CONVERSION E/O CONVERSION POINT OF INTERFACE NETWORK E/O CONVERSION E/O CONVERSION E/O CONVERSION E/O CONVERSION E/O CONVERSION
O/E CONVERSION O/E CONVERSION O/E CONVERSION O/E CONVERSION O/E CONVERSION O/E CONVERSION O/E CONVERSION O/E CONVERSION
Centralised Equipment
ACTIVE Distribution
PASSIVE Distribution
Coverage Area
Active DAS:
An Answer for any Requirements
+flexibility
Modular architecture Different Output power and config. options Suitable for different technologies Independent on optical loss Easily expandable Upgrades will not affect main investments
+Scalability
+Bandwidth
Suitable for present and future services Ready for band extension High dynamics Suitable for complex modulation schemes Negligible EVM degradation
+Spectral efficiency
OPEN INFRASTRUCTURE
CENTRALIZED EQUIPMENT
LOW POWER CONSUMPTION STRONG AND UNIFORM COVERAGE MODULAR CONFIGURATION
EASE OF MAINTENANCE
INCREASED MTBF OPTIMUM NETWORK PERFORMANCE SCALABLE INVESTMENT
MAXIMUM RELIABILITY
APPLICATION-ORIENTED DESIGN HIGHEST LEVEL OF SYSTEM MANAG.
Any Questions
Thanks