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Eye Diseases
= 314 Million
People severely visually impaired
8
45
Severe Visual Impairment (eye disease) <6/18 to 3/60 SVI (refractive error) <6/18 to 3/60 Sub-Total SVI All Causes
314
Millions Blind
rvey Proje
ARMD RP Others
Treatable 25 million
Preventable
3 million
Research
10 million
The cure and prevention of blindness contributes to the alleviation of poverty and the achievement of the 1st Millennium Development Goal
the year 2000 $42billion of economic productivity was lost due to blindness and low vision;
If
nothing is done this will increase to $110billion per annum by 2020; VISION 2020 this will only increase to $57billion per annum.
With
Gambian Eye Care programme succeeded in reducing Blindness by 40% over ten years. The economic rate of return was estimated to be 19%;
The
Onchocerciasis Control Programme prevented 600,000 cases of blindness. It restored 25million hectares of land to productive use. It did so at an economic rate of return of 20%;
The
African Programme for Onchocerciasis Control continues and is providing protection to >70m people at an economic return of 17%.
25
20
15
10
2000
2010
2020
Ministries of Health
Community-Patients
Tertiary
Secondary
Primary
80% of eye conditions can be effectively dealt with at primary health level
Implementation Unit
Principles
Implementing VISION 2020 at the District Level:
Integrated
Sustainable
Equitable Excellent
I - SEE
Europe N. America & The Caribbean Eastern Med. West Pacific Africa Latin America S. E. Asia
MISSION
IAPB promotes the global initiative VISION 2020: The Right to Sight, which aims to eliminate the main causes of avoidable blindness by the year 2020. IAPB brings together governments and non-governmental agencies to facilitate the planning, development and implementation of sustainable national eye care programmes based on the three core strategies of disease control, human resource development and infrastructure development, incorporating the principles of primary health care.
IAPB is the partner of the World Health Organization (WHO) in VISION 2020: The Right to Sight
Strategic Objective 1 Advocating, and holding governments to account, for the implementation of the WHO Action Plan and WHA resolutions on the elimination of avoidable blindness and visual impairment; and national VISION 2020 eye care plans.
Strategic Objective 2 Creating and disseminating knowledge of VISION 2020 and promoting learning from good practice in eye health programmes.
Strategic Objective 3 Facilitating a collaborative approach amongst all stakeholders involved in VISION 2020.
WHO Medium Term Strategic Plan 2008-13. Prevention of visual impairment is included in objective three
WHO Action Plan for the prevention of avoidable blindness & visual impairment - passed at the WHA Assembly in May 2009
Indian government recently pledged $265m towards implementing VISION 2020 between 2008-12;
The
Pakistan government committed $50m for implementing VISION 2020 between 2006-10;
The
Australian government has pledged an initial A$45m for work in the Western Pacific region.
BUT the major advocacy challenge going forward is IMPLEMENTATION of the national plans and holding governments to account for what they have committed to in the WHO Action Plan & resolutions.
Corneal Scar
Oncho
Glaucoma
Diab Ret
10
15
20
CATARACT
Reduced from a projected 25m to 17.3m
Low cost IOLs Training in ECCE initially and now SICS High volume surgery in S.E Asia region Sustainability models
TRACHOMA
Blinding trachoma reduced from 5.9m to 1.9m
Donation of 135m treatments of Azithromycin by Pfizer and emergence of community distribution programmes Training of ophthalmic nurses in surgery Improved water, sanitation and hygiene
Donation of >1800m Mectizan tablets by Merck Community Directed Distribution Partnership between APOC, governments and NGOs
The success of the onchocerciasis control programme and its philosophy of community directed distribution has led to USAID, Gates Foundation, DFID, and other major donor interest in the Neglected Tropical Disease initiative
Trends in blindness
Acknowledgements
Bruce Spivey slides 3,4
Allen Foster slides 5,6,10,16,17,19,20,21,22,25,33,34,36,38,40,43,44 G.V.S. Murthy slide 9 Hugh Taylor slide 14
References
Global Magnitude of Visual Impairment Caused by Uncorrected Refractive Errors in 2004, Resnikoff S, et al, Bulletin of the World Health Organization 2008,86:63-70
Global Vision Impairment Due to Uncorrected Presbyopia, Holden BA et al. Archives of ophthalmology accepted for publication.
The Impact of VISION 2020 on Global Blindness, Foster A and Resnikoff S, Eye (2005) 0, 000-000.doi:10.1038/sj.eye.6701973
The Magnitude and Cost of Blindness: An Increasing Problem that can be Alleviated, Frick,K.D and Foster A, American Journal of Ophthalmology 2003; 135(4): 471-6
THANK YOU!