Marthi P K P Chaitanya Raghav

Stirling Engine?
Historical Importance Current significance Configurations of Stirling Engine
Alpha, Beta and Gamma

LTD- stirling engine

Stirling Engine Mechanism

Beta configuration Stirling

Alpha configuration Stirling

Const. Vol Heat Addition

Const Vol heat rejec.

Isothermal exp

Isothermal comp..

Striling Cycles
1-2
constant expansion (heat addition from the external source)

2-3
constant regeneration (internal heat transfer from the working fluid to the regenerator)

3-4
constant compression (heat rejection to the external sink)

4-1
constant regeneration (internal heat transfer from the regenerator back to the working fluid)

PV and TS Diagrams of Stirling Engine

Net work done = mR (Thigh-Tlow) ln(r) V1 = V4; V2= V3 r= V4/ V3 = V1/ V3 Heat Supplied = mR Thigh ln(r) Efficiency = 1 (TL / TH )

Detailed View of Components

Fly Wheel
Power Piston

DISPLACER

Detailed View of Components

Fly Wheel
POWER Piston

Hot Plate

Cold Region

From Here

Requirements
Fly wheel gives the momentum to move system from one stage to another Displacer and Power Piston are key elements in whole Stirling engine Counter weight to nullify the vibrations Hot and Cold areas DEWAR with conducting plates

Combined Heat and Power (CHP)

Works efficiently at low temp differences Decreasing thermal pollution Increases over all efficiency of Thermal Power Plant
Over all efficiency = 88% (Helium)

80,000 units of electricity is generated using exhaust in 2004, UK

Exhaust

Solar power generation

With an attached generator and parabolic mirror electricity is produced It has better efficiency better than typical photovoltaic cells Parabolic Dishes: Stirling Engine, Working Fluid: Helium (50 -200 bar, 600 - 1200C) No emission of pollutants Uninterrupted power generation for 14 hours
5AM to 7PM in summers

State of Art Design

Operates at Temp. difference of 600 kelvin Solar Tracker to position whole system towards sun
Each modules generates 4 kilowatts ..!!

No impact on environment High reliability Zero Maintenance

Advantages of Stirling Engine

Impossible to explode Refilling not required Any kind of fuel or heat source can be used Can be designed at zero emissions It can run even at small temp. diffs. Waste heat is easily harvested eg. CHP

Electricity Crisis in India

800 million Indian homes do not have proper electric supply Requirement in 2012 grows to 1,097 Billion kWh
Demand = 861,591 million kWh Produced =788,355 million kWh
70 Giga kWh

How do we meet this demands? (Commercial/ Household needs)

Prospects in India
Solar Potential in India is 5,000 trillion kWh per Year Insolation: 4 to 7 kWh /m2 / day 35,000 km2 Area of Thar Desert has been set aside for Power Projects, Sufficient to Generate 7,00, 000MW to 21,00,000 MW Electricity costs can be reduced

Conclusion
Perfect Solution for Indias energy needs
Zero Thermal Pollution Low Maintenance No Fuel required

Noise free operation and No Vibrations To meet the energy requirements of the country and electrify rest of the villages in India

Courtesy
A review of solar-powered Stirling engines and low temperature differential Stirling engines by Bancha Kongtragool, Somchai Wongwises Gas Power Cycles Prof. U.S.P. Shet , Prof. T. Sundararajan and Prof. J.M . Mallikarjunahttp://www.nfc-forum.org www.wikipedia.com www.indexmundi.com/India/Economy www.eurosolar.in/electricity_india.htm http://www.robertstirlingengine.com Documents from Plataforma Solar de Almera Solar Thermal Market in India, Dr. Nilesh Bhatt

THANK YOU