UNIVERSIDA PLITECNICA SALESIANA

Ingeniera Electrnica
Ecuaciones Diferenciales
Resolucin de un circuito RLC
David Basantes
Israel Campaa
Vinicio Masabanda
Juan Ordoez

PROBLEMA
Encuentre la carga al tiempo t=0.92s en el
circuito LCR donde L=1.52H, R=3, C=0.20f
y E(t)=15sen (t) + 5e(t) V
La carga y la corriente son nulas.

Procedimiento
1.-Buscamos la frmula para resolver el
circuito RCL.
*L(dq/dt) + R(dq/dt) + 1/C(q)= E(t)
2.-Reemplazamos los datos.
1.51(dq/dt) + 3(dq/dt) + 1/0.20(q)= 15sen (t) +
5e(t)
3.-Igualamos a cero la parte homognea
1.51(dq/dt) + 3(dq/dt) + 1/0.20(q)= 0

4.-Reconocer el grado de la EDO y

remplazar en la frmula general.
1.51m + 3m + 5 = 0
Dnde: a=1.51 ; b=3; c=5
5.- Reconocemos y y lo aplicamos a la
frmula y reemplazamos
= -0.99 y =1.52
Y= e(t) [A cos(t) + B sen(t)]
qh= e(-0.99t) [A cos(1.52t) + B sen(1.52t)]
6.- Separamos qh en q1 y q2
q1= e (-0.99t) cos(1.52t)
q2= e (-0.99t) sen(1.52t)

7.- Escribimos el Wronskiano y calculamos W1 Y W2.

q1= e (-0.99t) cos(1.52t)

q1= -0.99e (-0.99t)*cos(1,52) 1.52 e (-0.99t)* sen(1.52t)
q2= e (-0.99t)* sen(1.52t)
q2= -0.99e (-0.99t) *sen(1.52t) + 1.52 e (-0.99t)
*cos(1.52t)

W= [ e (-0.99t) cos(1.52t)][ -0.99e (-0.99t) sen(1.52t) +

1.52 e (-0.99t) cos(1.52t)]
[ e (-0.99t) sen(1.52t)][ -0.99e (-0.99t)cos(1,52) 1.52
e (-0.99t) sen(1.52t)]
W= e (-1.98t)[-0.99 cos(1.52t)* sen(1.52t) +
1.52cos(1.52t)] - e (-1.98t) [-0.99 sen(1.52t)* cos(1.52t) 1.52sen(1.52t)]
W= e (-1.98t){-0.99 cos(1.52t)* sen(1.52t) +
1.52cos(1.52t) {-0.99 sen(1.52t)* cos(1.52t)1.52sen(1.52t)}
W= e (-1.98t)(-0.99 cos(1.52t)* sen(1.52t) +
1.52cos(1.52t) + 0.99 sen(1.52t)* cos(1.52t) +
1.52sen(1.52t)}
W= e (-1.98t)(1.52cos(1.52t) + 1.52sen(1.52t))
W= e (-1.98t)[ 1.52(cos(1.52t) + sen(1.52t)]
W= e (-1.98t)*(1.52)

Donde: f(t)= 15sen (t) + 5e(t)

W1= 0 - [15sen (t) + 5e(t)][ e (-0.99t) sen(1.52t)]

W1= -[ 15sen (t). e (-0.99t) sen(1.52t)) + (5e(t). e (0.99t) sen(1.52t)]
W1= -15 e (-0.99t).sen (t). sen(1.52t) - 5 e (0.01t)
sen(1.52t)
W1= - sen(1.52t) [15 e (-0.99t) sen (t) + 5 e (0.01t)]

W2= [ e (-0.99t) cos(1.52t)][ 15sen (t) + 5e(t)] 0

W2= [(e (-0.99t) cos(1.52t)( 15sen (t)) + (e (-0.99t)
cos(1.52t). 5e(t)]
W2= [15 e (-0.99t) cos(1.52t). sen (t) + 5e(0.01t)
cos(1.52t)
W2= cos(1.52t).[ 15 e (-0.99t) sen (t) + 5e(0.01t)]

8.- Calculamos U1 Y U2
U1= W1/W= (- sen(1.52t) [15 e (-0.99t) sen (t) + 5 e (0.01t)])/( e (1.98t)*(1.52)
U1= - sen(1.52t)[9.87 e (0.99t) + 3.29 e (1.99t)]
U1= - sen(1.52t). 9.87 e (0.99t) - 3.29 e (1.99t). sen(1.52t)
U1= -9.87 e (0.99t) sen(1.52t) - 3.29 e (1.99t). sen(1.52t)
U1= -9.87 e (0.99t). sen(1.52t) - 3.29 e (1.99t). sen(1.52t)
e(a)(u) sen bu.du= e(a)(u)/(a+b).(a sen bu b cos bu) + C
U1= -9.87[(e (0.99t)/(0.99)+(1.52))* (0.99 sen(1.52t) 1.52
cos(1.52t))]
-3.29 [e (1.99t)/(1.99)+(1.52) (1.99 sen(1.52t) 1.52 cos(1.52t))]
U2= W2/W = cos(1.52t).[ 15 e (-0.99t) sen (t) + 5e(0.01t)]/ ( e (1.98t)*(1.52)
U2= cos(1.52t).[9.87 e (0.99t ) + 3.29 e (1.99t)]
U2= 9.87 e (0.99t ) cos(1.52t) + 3.29 e (1.99t) cos(1.52t)
U2= 9.87 e (0.99t ) cos(1.52t) + 3.29 e (1.99t) cos(1.52t)
U2= 9.87 e (0.99t ) cos(1.52t) + 3.29 e (1.99t) cos(1.52t)
e(a)(u) cos bu.du= e(a)(u)/(a+b).(b sen bu + b cos bu) + C
U2= 9.87 [(e (0.99t)/(0.99)+(1.52))* (1.52 sen(1.52t) + 0.99
cos(1.52t))]
+ 3.29 [e (1.99t)/(1.99)+(1.52) (1.52 sen(1.52t) + 1.99 cos(1.52t))]

9.- La solucin general de la EDO es:

Y= Yh + Yp
Yp= U1Y1 + U2Y2
Yh= e(-0.99t) [A cos(1.52t) + B sen(1.52t)]
Yp=-9.87[(e (0.99t)/(0.99)+(1.52))* (0.99 sen(1.52t) 1.52 cos(1.52t))]
-3.29 [e (1.99t)/(1.99)+(1.52) (1.99 sen(1.52t) 1.52 cos(1.52t))] *
e (-0.99t) cos(1.52t)
+ 9.87 [(e (0.99t)/(0.99)+(1.52))* (1.52 sen(1.52t) + 0.99 cos(1.52t))]
+ 3.29 [e (1.99t)/(1.99)+(1.52) (1.52 sen(1.52t) + 1.99 cos(1.52t))] *
e (-0.99t) sen(1.52t)
Y= e(-0.99t) [A cos(1.52t) + B sen(1.52t)]+ =-9.87[(e
(0.99t)/(0.99)+(1.52))* (0.99 sen(1.52t) 1.52 cos(1.52t))]
-3.29 [e (1.99t)/(1.99)+(1.52) (1.99 sen(1.52t) 1.52 cos(1.52t))] *
e (-0.99t) cos(1.52t)
+ 9.87 [(e (0.99t)/(0.99)+(1.52))* (1.52 sen(1.52t) + 0.99 cos(1.52t))]
+ 3.29 [e (1.99t)/(1.99)+(1.52) (1.52 sen(1.52t) + 1.99 cos(1.52t))]
*
e (-0.99t) sen(1.52t)

S.G

Solucion del ejerecicio por medio de

MATLAB

L a ecuacion que vamos a ingresar en Matlab

es la siguiente:

((15*sin(t))+(5*(e^(t)))-(A(1)/0.20)-(3*B(1)))/1.51

1. En matlab creamos un nuevo documento

M-file en donde ingresamos lo siguiente:
function B=rlc(t,A)
B=zeros(2,1);
B(1)=A(2);
B(2)= ((15*sin(t))+(5*(exp(t)))-(A(1)/0.20)(3*B(1)))/1.51;

2. Ahora vamos a realizar las ordenes que necesitamos para

obtener el dibujo del problema
[t,A]=ode45('rlc', [-4 10], [-3 15]);
q=A(:,1);
i=A(:,2);
plot(t,q); Nos dibuja la figura que deseamos
Title(q vs t') Sirve para colocar los titulos a la figura
xlabel(t(s)') Se colocan un menbrete en los ejes
coordenados
ylabel(q(c)')
figure(2)
plot (t,i)
title('i vs t')
xlabel('t(s)')
ylabel('i(A)')

[x,y] = ode45('funcin',a,b,inicial)
Esta instruccin regresa un conjunto de
coordenadas "x" y "y" que representan a la
funcin y=f(x), los valores se calculan a travs
de mtodos Runge-Kuta de cuarto y quinto
orden.
El nombre "funcin", define una funcin que
representa a una ecuacin diferencial ordinaria,
ODE45 proporciona los valores de la ecuacin
diferencial y'=g(x,y).
Los valores "a" y "b" especifican los extremos
del intervalo en el cual se desea evaluar a la
funcin y=f(x).
El valor inicial y = f(a) especifica el valor de la
funcin en el extremo izquierdo del intervalo
[a,b].

GRAFICOS RESULTANTES
CARGA vs TIEMPO

CORRIENTE vs TIEMPO