TEMPLATE MATCHING

AN OVERVIEW

INTRODUCTION TO TEMPLATE MATCHING

What is Template Matching

Digital image processing technique Segment of an image template

TYPES OF APPROACH

FEATURE BASED What is it ?

- Why is it used?
- How is it used? - When is it used? - Where is it used?

TYPES OF APPROACH

TEMPLATE BASED -What is it ?

- Why is it used?
- How is it used? - When is it used? - Where is it used?

FEATURE BASED

CHARACTERISTICS Template matching based on features of template and source image

Features
metrics.

Edges , corners- primary measure

Template image

strong features.

ALGORITHMS USED

Correlation Zero Mean Correlation(ZMC) Sum Square Difference(SSD) Normalized Cross Correlation(NCC) Sum of Absolute Differences(SAD)

PROCESS

Image segment matched to the nearest template segment

Assigned to its class

TEMPLATE MATCHING

TEMPLATE IMAGE

.
X , Y

TE

INPUT IMAGE

CORRELATION

.
X , Y

OUTPUT IMAGE

MOTION TRACKING AND OCCLUSION HANDLING

Template not a direct match Done using Eigen spaces. For varying perspectives, illuminations, lighting, colour contrasts, acceptable matching object poses.

Different camera angles, Expressions and Lighting.

MOTION TRACKING AND OCCLUSION HANDLING CONTD.

DRAWBACKS Issue- Object is occluded ,malleable, pose able in motion,

Overcome by dividing the image into multiple sub images and match each sub division.

CONVOLUTION MASK

Tailored for a specific search image convolution mask. Easily performed on Gray images or Edge images. Output maximum Image structure Structure. Mask

Large image values* large mask values.

CONVOLUTION MASK PROCESS

START

Part of search image to be used as template selected

S(X,Y) used as search image . (X,Y) - Pixel Coordinates

CONVOLUTION MASK PROCESS CONTD

TEMPLATE T(xT ,yT )

ALL POSITIONS MATCHED HIGHEST SCORE CONSIDERED

CALLED AS LINEAR SPATIAL FILTERING, TEMPLATE- FILTER MASK OR CONVOUTION MASK

EXAMPLE FOR CONVOLUTION MASK

To solve issues regarding translation we compare intensities of pixels using SAD measure.

TEMPLATE MATCHING

NEAREST NEIGHBOUR

Segmentation technique Uses correlation between template and image section(similarity measure)

Classification technique Uses Euclidean distance technique to find out the difference

Minimum correlation value required for matching with template

Minimum similarity required for matching during classification

DIFFERENCE

SIMILARITIES

Computation requirements for large no of prototypes Behaviour at complex at complex class boundaries

DRAWBACKS
Not that selective

Correlation algorithms

Image-clearly distinguishable high quality