Mathematics is the study of number The science of numbers

Meaning of mathematics has changed several times during the course of history

 Period of Egyptian and Babylonian Mathematics was indeed the study of number. In those civilization mathematics consisted almost solely of arithmetic.

Era of Greek The mathematicians of ancient Greece were primarily concerned with geomety. Regarded numbers in a geometric fashion, as: - measurements of length For the Greeks mathematics was the study of number and shape

Newton (in England) and Leiniz (in Germany) Independently invented the calculus the study of motion and change
Mathematicians were able to study:
- motion of the planets, - falling bodies on earth, - the working of machinery,

- the flow of liquids,

the expansion of gases physical forces (magnetism, electricity) flight, the growth of plants and animals, and etc.....

Mathematics had become the study of number, shape, motion, change, and space, and of the mathematical tools that are used in this study.
In the year 1900 all the worlds mathematical knowledge would

have fitted into about 80 books.

Today about 100,000 volumes to contain all known mathematics. About 60 70 distinct categories - some subjects, like algebra or topology split into various subfields.

 Last 20 years the definition of mathematics emerged on

which most mathematicians now agree:
A study of patterns

A study of relationships
A way of thinking A kind of art A language

An instrument in daily life

A study of Patterns includes: Numerical patterns Example 1:

The number 37 is a magic number and it can produce interesting products if it is multiplied by multiples of 3.
3 6 X 37 = 111 X 37 = 222 What is the product if:

X 37 = 333

12 X 37 = ?
18 X 37 = ? 27 X 37 = ?

Example 2: Study the patterns below and describe how you get the answer to the given question.

5 15 25 35

25

= 225 = 625 = 1225 65 85 =? =?

Observe the following quadratic function:

If f(x) = 5x + 3x 2

What is the value of f if x = 2?

What is the relationship of x and f? Sometimes relationship of variables can also be shown in the form of tables or graphs.
Can you give three other examples that show the relationship of variables?

To think mathematically is a way of thinking using mathematical concepts, skills and methods in solving problems.

Inductive method
Deductive method Inquiry / discovery method Problem solving method Examples 1. 2. Area Volume

The writing of mathematics always relates mathematics with various forms of art. Most mathematical elements are found in various forms of art such as: The art of Music The art of Construction The art of Drawing The art of Culture

Created by mathematicians from time to time has become symbols and universal laws in mathematics. Symbols and expressions created in mathematics to: - simplified, fast and exact mathematical operations - process of thinking Grammar in mathematical language: - mathematical laws, - theorems, - formulae. EXAMPLE: L = 4/3j

Have you ever thought that how our lives is closely related with mathematics? Daily tasks require us to use basic mathematics: - foreign currency exchange, - shopping, - calculate discount of prices, - reading tables, and - graphs, - etc.