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Learning Objectives

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P A R T

The Human Resource Environment

Trends in Human Resource Management Providing Equal Employment Opportunity and a Safe Workplace Analyzing Work and Designing Jobs

C H A P T E R

Trends in Human Resource Management

Change in the Labor Force High Performance Work Systems Focus on Strategy Technological Change in HRM

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Ch. 2 Learning Objectives

1. 2.

3. 4.

Describe trends in the labor force composition and how they affect human resource management. Summarize areas in which human resource management can support the goal of creating a high-performance work system. Define employee empowerment and explain its role in the modern organization. Identify ways HR professionals can support organizational strategies for quality, growth and efficiency.
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Ch. 2 Learning Objectives

5.

6. 7. 8.

Summarize ways in which human resource management can support organizations expanding internationally. Discuss how technological developments are affecting human resource management. Explain how the nature of the employment relationship is changing. Discuss how the need for flexibility affects human resource management.
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Change in the Labor Force

Labor

Force
constitutes the labor force?

What The

Internal

labor force

has

workers an organization already

External

labor market
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Individuals
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actively seeking employment

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Age Distribution of U.S. Labor Force, 2002 and 2012

Figure 2.1
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Aging Workforce
What

are the challenges organizations face with regard to the aging workforce?

2-9
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Projected Racial/Ethnic Makeup of the U.S. Workforce 2012

Figure 2.2
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HRM Practices that Support a Diverse Workforce

Figure 2.3
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Skill Deficiencies in Workforce

A

= True, B = False Use of computers to do routine tasks has changed the kinds of skills needed by employees. A college degree is not as important as it once was. U.S. production jobs require intelligence and skills as much as strength.
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High Performance Work Systems

High-Performance
Organizations

Work Systems

that have the best possible fit between their social system and technical system. What contributes to a high-performance work system?

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Knowledge Workers
Employees

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whose main contribution to the organization is specialized knowledge, such as knowledge of customers, a process, or a profession How does the increase in knowledge workers affect HRM practices?

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Test Your Knowledge

Ensuring that knowledge workers will share information and store it so that it is easily retrieved by others is the concern of which of the following HR activities.
a. Turnover b. Employee

Empowerment c. Knowledge Management d. Employee Selection

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Employee Empowerment & Teamwork

Employee Empowerment Giving employees responsibility and authority to make decisions regarding all aspects of product development or customer service Teamwork

The assignment of work to groups of employees with various skills who interact to assemble a product or provide a service
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Test Your Knowledge

Sharon is a very smart and conscientious worker. Lately, she has felt that her ideas were disregarded and she was denied autonomy in completing her work. This situation is probably caused by a lack of a. Employee Empowerment b. Knowledge Management c. Turnover d. Teamwork
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Focus on Strategy
How

can human resource management support and contribute to organizational strategy?

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Business Strategy: Issues Affecting HRM

2-19
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Downsizing
Why

do companies downsize? If you were told you were being downsized, what would you want to know? If you werent being downsized but others were, what would you want to know?
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Expanding into Global Markets

To meet competitive challenges, U.S. companies must expand globally: Develop global markets Hire from a international labor pool Prepare employees for global assignments

Where Immigrants to the US Came from in 2003 Insert Figure 2.6

Expatriates

Would you consider being an expatriate? A=Yes, B= No

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Technological Change in HRM

Human resource information system (HRIS) is a computer system used to acquire, store, manipulate, analyze, retrieve, and distribute information related to human resources.
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New Technologies Influencing HRM

Table 2.1
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The Internet Economy

Companies

use the Internet to gain an advantage or keep up with competitors Electronic business (e-business) Business-to-consumer Business-to-business Consumer-to-consumer What are some examples?
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Electronic HRM
e-HRM
The

processing and transmission of digitized HR information, especially using computer networking and the Internet

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Using e-HRM
How

to:

could e-HRM be used with regard

benefits?

selection?
succession

planning? development?
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Implications of e-HRM

Table 2.2
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Change in Employment Relationship

The Psychological Contract

A description of what an employee expects to contribute in an employment relationship and what the employer will provide the employee in exchange for those contributions

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What was the psychological contract in the 60s and 70s? What is the psychological contract now? What factors affect the psychological 2-28 contract?

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Video Hotjobs.com
1. 2.

3.

Discuss the impact the Internet has had on job seekers just like you. Have you ever utilized a resource such as HotJobs.com to post your rsum? Explain why or why not. Discuss how organizations that possess an effective human resource management department can be of benefit to you and your career path.

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