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Davina Tanvi Chrysella Carlton Daniel Wendell
4/19/12

Power And Energy

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Top Eight Power & Energy Companies in India:

NTPC NHPC Tata Power Reliance Power Adani Power Damodar Valley Corporation Lanco Infratech SJVN
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Power
India is among the largest power-

generating countries in the world with an installed capacity of 156.8 GW by 5.60% while the total power generated grew at 5.33%. structural changes.

The installed capacity of the country grew

The sector has also undergone substantial Regulatory policies have played a

predominant role in changing the landscape of the Indian power sector.

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the evolution of the Indian power industry

can be divided into two broad phases,

pre-reform and . q Pre independence phase (prior to 1947) q post-independence phase (1947-1990) post-reform phases and post-reform

phase can be broken down into three phases.

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Solar Power
v Energy from the Sun v India's theoretical solar potential is

about 5000 T kWh per year, far more than its current total consumption.
v Currently its prohibitive due to high

initial costs of deployment.

v Availability of cheap solar can bring

electricity to people, and bypass the need of installation of expensive grid lines. 4/19/12

 The focus of the solar thermal power

programme is on research, design, development, standardization and demonstration on all aspects of the current and emerging technologies.
A large solar dish has been set up under a

research project at Latur in Maharashtra to provide process heat for milk pasteurization. concentrating dish cookers and 12 community cookers,1.5 million sq m of collector area for water heating systems have been achieved. 55000 street lighting systems, 3.4 lakh home 4/19/12 lighting systems and 1566 kW of power plants

Six lakh solar cookers, Two thousand

Under the solar photovoltaic programme

Nuclear Power
v Nuclear power is generated using Uranium,

which is a metal mined in various parts of the world. nuclear power plants for engines.

v Some military ships and submarines have v India is expected to have 20 GW of nuclear

capacity by 2014, though they currently stand as the 9th in the world in terms of nuclear capacity.

v Uranium deposits in the nation are extremely

limited, much greater reserves of Thorium are available and it could provide hundreds of times the energy with the same mass of fuel. 4/19/12

Wind Energy
v wind was used as an energy source for a

long time.

v The Indian wind energy sector has an

installed capacity of 14158.00 MW .

v India is a major player in the global

wind energy market. Ranked 5th.

v Unexploited resource availability has

the potential to sustain the growth of wind energy sector in India in future.
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Tidal Power
v Energy from the sea. v The tide moves a huge amount of water twice

each day, and harnessing it could provide a great deal of energy. plentiful, converting it into useful electrical power is not easy.

v Although the energy supply is reliable and

v There are eight main sites around where tidal

power stations could usefully be built.

v The most attractive locations are the Gulf of

Cambay and the Gulf of Kachchh on the west coast where the maximum tidal range is 11 m 4/19/12 and 8 m with average tidal range of 6.77 m

Hydroelectric Power
v Energy from falling water.

v We have used running water as an energy

source for thousands of years, mainly to grind corn.

v hydroelectricity produced enough power to

light two paper mills and a house.

v The name comes from "hydro", the Greek 4/19/12

word for water.

Wave Power
v Ocean waves are caused by the wind as it

blows across the sea. Waves are a powerful source of energy. this energy and convert it into electricity in large amounts. Thus, wave power stations are rare.

v The problem is that it's not easy to harness

v Wind power turbines and components

are manufactured indigenously by a dozen manufacturers and after meeting local needs are even exported.

4/19/12 v In areas dependent on diesel-based

Barriers
Depends on the waves variable energy

supply

Global estimates put the price of power

generation from Waves at 15-17 cents/kWh (no Indian cost estimates available)
Needs a suitable site, where waves are

consistently strong

Some designs are noisy Must be able to withstand very rough

weather
4/19/12 Visual impact if above water or on shore

Pumped Storage Reservoirs

v Storing energy to cope with big demands.

v Pumped storage reservoirs aren't really a means of generating

electrical power. They're a way of storing energy so that we can release it quickly when we need it.

v Demand for electrical power changes throughout the day,-

eg.when a popular TV programme finishes, a huge number of people go out to the kitchen to put the kettle on, causing a sudden peak in demand. This is called a "TV pickup".

v If power stations don't generate more power immediately, there'll be

power cuts around the country - traffic lights will go out, causing 4/19/12 accidents, and all sorts of other trouble will occur.

Geothermal
v Geothermaloriginates from the Greek

rootsgeo, meaning earth, andthermos, meaning heat. generated and stored in the Earth.

v Geothermal energy isthermal energy v Earths geothermal energy originates from

the original formation of the planet, radioactive decay of minerals, volcanic activity, and from solar energy absorbed at the surface.
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The first advantage

Advantages Disadvantages

of using geothermal heat to power a power station is that, unlike most power stations, a geothermal system does not create any pollution. to build a geothermal power plant on, is usually less expensive

Fluids drawn from the

deep earth carry a mixture of gases.

hot water from

geothermal sources may hold in solution trace amounts of toxic chemicals. adversely affect land stability.
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The cost of the land

Plant construction can

geothermal energy is

Bio-fuel
The bio-fuel programme has evoked wide

interest and the Southern Railways, for instance, have been running two passenger locomotives with 5 per cent blend of biofuel. wasteland to Self Help Groups for energy plantations. conventional sources and conventional coal or gas based thermal power plants.
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Some States have made available

The balance should come from other non-

 Beverage giant Coca-Cola recently piloted eKOCool, a

Interesting Facts.

solar-powered cooler with a capacity to store 48 glass bottles of 300 ml each, in Uttar Pradesh in North India. The cooler, which can also charge mobile phones and solar lanterns, has been developed by the firms India team
Finnish mobile handset maker Nokia has come up with

longer-lasting batteries;
Dutch electronics maker Philips has introduced solar

lamps and

GE Healthcare has devised electrocardiogram machines th .

The Swatch water purifier from the Tata 4/19/12 Group;

Energy
The energy sector has become a matter of

more concern over the years due to the fast rising petrol and diesel prices over the Globe. fossil fuels has given birth indefinite headaches for the economies over the globe.

Heavy reliance upon the conventional

The renewable sources accounted for 7169

MW, representing 5.7 per cent of the total power generating capacity of the country as on 31st december 2005. 4/19/12

Renewable sources of energy

Based on renewable sources 2195 villages

and 594 hamlets have been provided with electricity. As many as 38 lac family type biogas plants, 3902 community/institutional/night-soil-based biogas plants and 35.2 million improved chulhas have been set up.

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 India is the most developed renewable energy

market in South Asia, with an annual revenue of about $185 billion. in renewable energy,.

India is the third most attractive country to invest The expansion of the overall energy demand-

supply gap due to the increase in the populations standard of living. The demand-supply gap in power is currently at 10.3% and is one of the key drivers of renewable energy relatively low in India, thus presenting excellent business potential.

The utilization of renewable energy sources is still

The Indian Government expects the renewable

energy sector to grow to $19 billion from 2008 to 4/19/12 2012, with renewables making up 20% of the

Government incentives for renewable energy Feed-in-tariffs

Up to 80 percent accelerated depreciation for

renewable energy investments

Relief in customs duty, excise duty and sales tax Exemption from Central Sales Tax, and customs

duty concessions on the import of material, components and equipment used in renewable energy projects Soft loans

Government policies covering wheeling,

banking, buy-back, and third-party sale of power

Soft loans
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 Solar Energy
Solar PV

Focus Segments in Renewable Energy

Solar Thermal / CSP

Wind Energy Bio energy

Biomass Power Biodiesel Ethanol

Waste to Energy Small Hydro Power

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RGGVY
The ministry of power launched the Rajiv

Gandhi Grameen Vidhyutikaran Yojana (RGGVY) programe in Apr 2005

aims at providing electricity to all villages and

habitations in four years and to also provide access to electricity to all rural households.

The scheme envisaged a necessary

infrastructural distribution system to villages by setting up a 33/11 KV sub-station and a distribution transformer of appropriate capacity in each village or hamlet. upto 90% and the assistance to Below Poverty
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The programme provides capital assistance of

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Policy framework
In general, India's strategy is the

encouragement of the development of renewable sources of energy by the use of incentives by the federal and state governments. Other examples of encouragement by incentive include the use of nuclear energy ( India Nuclear Cooperation Promotion Act), promoting wind farms such as Muppandal, and solar energy (Ralegaon Siddhi). provided by the

A long-term energy policy perspective is 4/19/12

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What India has targeted and what they have achieved..

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