Maths

Form 2

Chapter
1
DIRECTED NUMBERS

Multiplication and
Division of Integers
Combined
Operations of
Integers
(-3.2) X (-2.5) =
Fractions
-32-(-15)=
Decimals
3
6
Directed Numbers
4/23/2012

Prepared By:
Norisah bt
Mustaffa

1.1 Multiplication and Division of Integers

When multiplying or
dividing two integers of
the same signs, the
answer is positive (+).

When multiplying or
dividing two integers
of different signs,
the answer is
negative (-).

(+) x (+) = +

(+) x (-) = -

(-) x (-) = +

(-) x (+) = -

(+) (+) = +

(+) (-) = -

(-) (-) = +

(-) (+) = -

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1.1 Multiplication and Division of Integers

Find the products that follow.

1. 9 x (-8) =

= - (9x8)
= - 72

Look at the two integers

They have unlike signs
So, the answer must negative (-)
Multiply the numbers
Look at the two integers

2. (-24) (-3) =

=+(243)
=8
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They have the same signs

So, the answer must positive (+)
Divide the numbers
The positive sign is not written. +8 is
written as 8.

1.1 Multiplication and Division of Integers

Find the products of the following
= +(40 5)
=8
= -(24 x 6) 6. 18 (-3) = -(18 3)
2. 24 x (-6)
= -6
= -144
= -(43 x 3) 7. (-625)(25) = -(62525)
3. (-43) x 3
= -25
= -129
4. (-16) x (-5) x 2
8. (-12) x (-3) (-4)
1. (-3) x(-19)

= +(3 x 19) 5. (-40)(-5)

= 57

= +(16 x 5 x 2)
= 160
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= -(12 x 3 4)
= -9
4

1.1 Multiplication and Division of Integers

Solve the problems of the following
(a) A typist can type 60
words every minute.
Find how many words
can be typed in 45
minutes.
(b) A participant was
deducted 57 marks for 19
questions answered
wrongly. How many marks
were deducted for each
question answered
wrongly?
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= 60 x 45
= 2700 words.

= 57 19
= 3 marks
5

1.2 Combined Operations of Integers

To perform computations
with more than one
operations.
1. Do all calculations
inside brackets first.
2. Multiply and divide in
order from left to the
right.
3. Add and subtract in
order from left to the
right.
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Example

4 -(-5)+(-10)
= 4+5 10
= 9 10
=-1

1.2 Combined Operations of Integers

Simplify the following
a) - 9 - 12 + (-25)
= - 9 - 12 - 25
= - 21 - 25

= - 46
b) 24 x (-8) 6
= (24 x 8) 6

c) - 30 + 4 x (-6)
= - 30 + (-24)
= - 30 - 24

= - 54
d) -120 (- 4) x (11)
= (120 4) x 11

= 192 6

= 30 x 11

= 32

= 330

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1.2 Combined Operations of Integers

Solve the problems of the following
(a) The price of a computer
drops RM120 each year. If
the original price was
RM2 700. what is the price
of the computer after 2
years?
(b) The temperature of a liquid
at 7.00a.m was 9C. If its
temperature at 1.00p.m. was 3C, what was the rate of
change in the temperature of
the liquid per hour?
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= 2700 (120 x 2)
= 2700 240
= RM 2 460
= (- 3 - 9 ) 6

= -12 6
= -2C per hour8

1.3 Fractions

Addition and Subtraction Involving Fraction:

a) 2 1 (- 2 1)
c) 1 + ( - 5 )
5
3
3
7
= -11 + 7
=1-5
5 3
3 7
= -33 + 35 = 2
= 7 - 15 = -8
15
15
21 21 21
b) 4 1 3 3
3
8
= -13 - 27
3 8
= -104 - 81 = -185
24
24
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d) 2 (- 5 3 )
5
8
= 2 + 43
5 8
= 16 + 215 = 231
40
40
9

1.3 Fractions

Multiplication and Division Involving Fraction:

a) 3 3 x 2
c) 2 ( - 4 )
4 5
9 1 31
3
1
= -15 x 2
=-(2x3)
3
1
2
4 5
9 42
= -3
= -1
2
6
b) 2 (- 1 1 )
d) 2 2 (- 2 1 )
3
6
3
9
2
3
= + (2 x 6 ) = - ( 8 x 9 )
1
1
3 7
3 19
= 4
= - 24
7
19
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1.4 Decimal
The addition, subtraction,
multiplication and division on
decimals are similar to the
four operations of integers.

a) 0.95 + (- 4.8)
= 0.95 4.8
= - 3.85
b) - 14.3 + ( - 3.76 )
= - 14.3 3.76
= - 18.06

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c) 9.8 x ( - 0.9)
= - (9.8 x 0.9)
= - 8.82
d) 0.284 (- 0.4)
= - (0.284 0.4)
= - 2.84 4
= - 0.71
11

1.5 Directed Numbers

Integers, fractions and decimals are directed
numbers. The computation of directed numbers
is the same as that for whole numbers.

a) -5.62 + (- 1 )
8
= - 5.62 - 0.125
= - 5.745
b) 3 2 (- 2.7)
5
= - 3.4 + 2.7
= - 0.7
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c) 129 (- 3 )
5
43

= - (129 x 5 )
3 1
= - 215
d) 3.42 + 2.18 0.02
= - 3.42 + (218 2)
= - 3.42 + 109
= 105.58
12

Calculate:
1) -10 + 6 x (-3) + (- 4)
= -10 + (-18) 4
= -10 18 4
= - 28 4
= - 32

2) -36 + (- 4)x(-3) (-4)

= - 36 + (12) (- 4)
= - 36 + (- 3)
= - 36 3
= - 39

3) 48 (-3) x (-3) + 10
= 48 - (9) + 10
= 39 + 10
= 49

4) -0.8 x (-0.07)
= +(0.8 x 0.07)
= 0.056
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5) -0.16 (0.04)
= - (0.16 0.04)
= -16 4
=-4

6) -9 x (-3)
10
= +(9 x 3)
10
= 27 = 2 7
10
10

7) 3 - 6 (-3) x (-6)
= 3 (- 2) x (- 6)
= 3 (+12)
= 3 12
=-9

8) 0.01 + (-3.01 + 5)
-0.02

9) -3.15 + 1.2 x (- 0.1)

= - 3.15 + (- 0.12)
= - 3.15 0.12
= - 3.27

10) 1.21 + 0.1 x (-1.5)

0.11
= -11 + (- 0.15)
= - 11 0.15
= - 11.15

11) 1.99(-1.01)x4 (-2)

= -1.99 +1.01x 4x ( 5) 5
2
= -1.99 + 1.01 x ( 10)
= - 1.99 - 10.1 = -8.11

12) 7 + (- 1 3) x 4.5
5
= 7 + (- 8 x 4.5)

= 0.01 + 1.99 = 2.00 = - 200

5
- 0.02
- 0.02
2 = 7 +(- 7.2)
= - 100
= 7 7.2 = - 0.2

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