DIRECT TO HOME (DTH)

By

BalKrishna Sahu EN-3rd year Sec.:I - 20

WHAT IS DTH?
DTH stands for Direct-To-Home television. Defined as the reception of satellite programs with a personal dish in an individual home. DTH symbols the Transmission of digital video channel to home subscribers through small dish antinna

DTH services were first proposed in India in 1996 but failed with approval. Due to national security, In 1997 Again Ban imposed Rupert Murdoch- owned INDIAN SKY BRODCASTING(ISKYB). Finally Approved & Allowed in 2000.

New policy requires all operators to set up in 12 months for license. DTH licenses in India will cost $2.14 million and will be valid for 10 years.

WORKING OF DTH

A DTH network consists of a Broadcasting centre Satellites Encoders Multiplexers Modulators and DTH receivers

DTH Vs CABLE TV
Satellite TV involves receiving signals from a satellite where as cable TV entails airing programs. The biggest difference between satellite and cable TV is the picture and sound quality. Unlike cable TV, satellite TV programs are excellent quality with some of them being high definition. Here are some guidelines that can help compare Dish Network with cable TV. Dish TV
Dish network features, HD, Dolby 5.1ch, CD sound, superior picture quality with huge nos of Channel access.
Dish tv has remote geographical access with limited installations. Special features- recording and play games , study aids for children, and language and home tutorial packages, with movies on demand.

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Cable TV
Average Accessed quality of sound and picture, Limited numbers of channels accessed.
Cable for subscriber is a limited to wire but major to the supplier with huge installation. Cable TV had manual access with least features but with Cable modem net.

BROADCAST TV VS. SATELLITE TV

Satellite television is not like a broadcast television. Its a wireless system but both transmit via a radio signal.

Main limitation is range.

In order to receive signals, one must be in the direct line of sight of the antenna.

reflect radio waves. Small obstacles is not a problem but earth.

Other limitation is, signals are often distorted

The television satellites are all in geosynchronous orbit.

SATELLITE
Geostationary satellite plays an important role for DTH system
GEOSTATIONARY SATELLITE:-

Geostationary satellite are located exactly above the earths equator and revolve around the earth in a circular orbit. Geostationary satellites are positioned at an exact height above the earth (about 36000 Km). At this height they rotate around the earth at the same speed as the earth rotates around its axis.

MPEG

Moving Picture Experts Group, and pronounced m-peg, is a working group of the ISO. The term also refers to the family of digital video compression standards and file formats developed by the group. MPEG generally produces better-quality video than competing formats, such as Video for Windows, Indeo and QuickTime. MPEG files previously on PCs needed hardware decoders (codecs) for MPEG processing. MPEG compression is accomplished through the use of four basic techniques: preprocessing, temporal prediction, motion compensation, and quantization coding

BROADCAST CENTER

The broadcast center converts all of this programming into a high-quality, uncompressed digital stream. At this point, the stream contains a vast quantity of data about 270 megabits per second (Mbps) for each channel. For DTH system communication channel is air and Band-Width is : Ku Band Uplink : 13.75 to 14.5 GHz Ku Band Down links : 10.95 to 11.2 GHz : 11.45 to 11.70 GHz : 12.50 to 12.75 GHz

RECEIVING TERMINALS

Receiver solid Antenna

The receive terminals are basically for the reception of the signals being beamed from the transmission station. The terminal consists of the following: receive type solid offset antenna LNB feed system Interface cables & Set top box The terminal can be placed outside the window of a high rise building, on the ground or a roof mount. The terminals can be used as per the contents being beam by the transmission stations.

LNB
LNB is the part of a satellite antenna which is positioned in front of the dish to receive the signal and converts the signal to be carried by cable to the receiver .

Low noise block down converter is the antenna of what is commonly called the parabolic satellite dish commonly used in satellite TV reception.

SET TOP BOX

A set-top box is a device that enables a television set to become a user interface to the Internet and also enables a television set to receive and decode digital television (DTV) broadcasts.
DTV set-top boxes are sometimes called receivers. A set-top box is necessary to television viewers who wish to use their current analog television sets to receive digital broadcasts.

DTH APPLICATION
Doordarshan free-to-air services providing 40 TV channels with no subscription fees is an attractive preposition to people in urban and rural areas. A number has started IP broadcast with return channel on PSTN line and this would be for education and other application.

DTH BENEFITS
Cost effective communication, information and entertainment. DTH services are transparent providing digital quality video, audio, radio, and IP to all at equal prices and other benefits with reliability

CONCLUSION
DTH has made the hopes of the people of rural areas to come true. It helps to develop and explore the ignited mind of people of India to think beyond the scope of imagination. It also helps to develop the economic conditions of a country.
The DTH market in INDIA is relatively increase day by-day, Major competitors like Airtel ,Reliance, TATA, Videocon market clash would managed to overtake Japan as the largest DTH market in Asia. In the next 5 years (by 2014-15) we will be able to add another 30 million subscribers .(which is about the same as the population of Belgium, Portugal and Greece put-together.

THANK YOU

ANY QUERY ?