Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
IIT Madras
Over the last two hundred years, 4 billion people in the developing world have been left behind
How can they stand up and be counted? How will they get access to resources, health and education? How will they be able to compete? How will they bridge the distance with their urban counterparts or those in the developed world?
Urban India has changed will use it as an example to talk about what can be done
To buy a two-wheeler took four years Gas connection took even longer
IIT Madras
Number of HH in millions
21.2 15.8
20 15 10 5.8 5 0 100 180 260 360 520 840 1300 3500 Monthly Household incom e in $ 3.2 2 0.8 0.9 12.8
2001
30 25 20 15 10 5 0
2007
IIT Madras
Nos of HH in M
<150
225
470
825
1560
>2075
Monthly HH Income in $
and with handset price of Rs 1200 onwards service available at 50 p per minute ARPU of about Rs 250
Just Like number of TVs in India rose from 10 million to 100 million in 90s when prices became Rs 1200 onwards and cable TV tariff fell below Rs 75 per month Number of TV channels boomed Entertainment industry in India one of the biggest
IIT Madras
Is booming in India
quadrupled its passenger carrying capacity in two years Average tariffs have fallen to a fourth making it affordable to middle class Indians
IIT Madras
India on Move
Auto Sector is booming R&D driven initiative: Scorpio and Tata-Indica India emerging as leader in auto-component design and manufacturing Indias cement plants in 90s virtually closed as they could not compete
Today India has some of the most energy efficient cement plants of the world
Indias wind energy company is the fastest growing one in the world
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Engineering Education
500K engineering students graduate every year from 1600 engineering colleges
IIT Madras
IIT Madras
Politically unsustainable
IIT Madras
102.1
100 80 60 40 20 0 60 180 260 360 520 840 1300 2240 HH Incom e in $ per m onth 17 10 3.9 1.9 1 0.3 0.3
2001
80 70
2007
IIT Madras
Nos of HH in M
60 50 40 30
20
10 0
<150
225
470
825
1560
>2075
Monthly HH Income in $
All block headquarters are connected by optical fibre Most villages are within 15 Kms from Block towns Last mile technologies are rapidly emerging Broadband CorDECT WiLL developed at IITM, India
provides a telephone line and 256 kbps Internet connection in 25 Km radius Exchange and tower in town
Works at 55 C Power requirement: 1 KW start-up costs very low
plus local language software, video conferencing software, training and maintenance and 6 months unlimited Internet
Education Health
Finance Markets (exchanges /trading) e-Governance Water Management Energy Communications and Transportation
IIT Madras
3Education
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Education
Curriculum based
Skill based
Spoken English Computer Basics CAD, Web development, Photoshop Repair pumps, wire for electricity, carpentry
Concept based
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2
Rural BPO
IIT Madras
Services Provided
.In English and Regional Languages
Engineering Services
Overview
ITeS
Administrative Service Desktop Publishing Translation
Input 2D drawing
Desi Crew
Rural BPO Services Administrative
Engineering
2D drafting 2D to 3D conversion
IIT Madras
1Rural Production
IIT Madras
CLIENT
CLIENT CLIENT
Design Order
ROPE
RPC
RPC LEADER RPC WORKERS
RPC
RPC LEADER RPC WORKERS
RPC
RPC LEADER RPC WORKERS
RPC
RPC LEADER RPC WORKERS
FOR WORKERS
FOR LEADER
Training in making dried banana bark rope making facilitated by ICT entrepreneur Jayamalathi at Thirupandrutti.
Building and Aggregating Distributed Rural Production Units as back end for industries Focus Sectors: Crafts, Leather, Garments, Agro Processing
IIT Madras
PRODUCTS
ROPE
RTBI: Networking,
Logistics & Monitoring Operation
Vocational Training
Focus Sectors: Security Personnel Skilled Construction Workers Sales persons Home Service Agents
IIT Madras
1+
Healthcare
IIT Madras
Telemedicine:
Initial experiments with eye care and with Veterinary doctors using the video conferencing tool Moved on to video-consulting for GP & gynecology problems
Healthcare Delivery
Identification of village healthcare delivery centers Linkage with a hospital partner via ReMeDi telemedicine solution
Pharma Companies
RP
RP
RP
RP
IIT Madras
1Agriculture
Towards enabling Rural Areas.
IIT Madras
Before
In a Village in Madurai, the Ladys Finger (Okra) crop was turning white
The problem was sent to the experts at the Department of Rural Extension, Madurai Agricultural College and Research Centre who diagnosed it as Yellow Mosaic disease
After
Rain-fall insurance
IIT Madras
Agriculture
Agro Processing Agricultural Advisory Services Agricultural Supply Chain Management Focus: Fruits and Vegetables in Theni District of Tamil Nadu Strategy: To link markets, banks, extension partners and suppliers to small farmers
IIT Madras
1
Financial Services
Towards enabling Rural Areas.
IIT Madras
Can kiosks become mini-banks? Internet banking: But how will cash be delivered? Can kiosks carry out credit-rating of rural people? What about Insurance? Can they enable different kinds of insurance?
IIT Madras
We could put Internet in every village but for its cost? TeNeT / VorTex develops ATM
Finger print detection Internet kiosk based or Stand alone Deliver even soiled notes
Single denomination today Can be extended to multiple denomination
Electronic Lock operated using finger print detection Cost about Rs 60K for kiosk ATM / Rs 75K for stand alone
0+
Rural Business, Transportation, Energy & others
Towards enabling Rural Areas.
IIT Madras
Rural Businesses
Can they be enabled by ICT kiosks? Does technology play a significant role in supply chain management & co-ordination? Can they be used for market linkages & pricing mechanisms? Can kiosks be used to find jobs?
Exploring to understand the evolution of rural businesses and the role of technology in such businesses
IIT Madras
Decentralized Energy
IIT Madras
ICT can provide opportunities for those who have been left behind to leapfrog provided there is will Requires Confidence, Local technologies & Services and lots of hard work Rural Areas in emerging Markets can follow their urban counterpart
To Sum Up
Today
India consumes
Less than one twentieth of per capita resource as compared to that in the West
as per International Energy Agency Statistics Division, India consumed 512.4 Kg of oil equivalent of energy per person as opposed to 7794 Kg of oil equivalent per person in USA in 2003
And their per capita resource consumption of 1.4 billion Chinese and 1.1 billion Indians reach the level in the West
Nature is already retaliating Technology can help but cant support consumption beyond a point
A dilemma
India and China can not be asked to wait to get out of their deprived state
AND they can not grow and acquire the same lifestyle as that of the West
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Need
To redefine development
With health, education, a bit of infrastructure and livelihood opportunity, life in Rural India may be better than in urban areas
IIT Madras
But most growth limited to urban areas Rural Areas are being left behind
IIT Madras