EN 287

The harmonized standard for notified body and third party organization approval of welding (permanent joining) personnel for category II, III and IV pressure equipment under the PED, Annex I, Section 3.1.2.
Hartford Steam Boiler International GmbH

Welder Approval
Welder approval is carried out under the auspices of HSB inspection quality . (HSB IQ), which has this capability within its scope as a notified body. HSB IQ is located in the United Kingdom and has notified body identification number 0878.

The Inspecting Engineer Is HSB IQ's Reference to the PED Inspector

Satisfactory material identification Stamp the test piece with personal mark Welder ID to be stamped on test piece Verify qualification standard and equipment used Calibration to national standards A2LA certification VT by the PED inspector Review NDE & destructive test results Welding & testing shall be witnessed by inspector

Procedure IQ.027 Is to Be Used for Guidance, Together With EN 287.

From: alex garbolevsky <alex_garbolevsky@hsb.Com To: hsb@btinternet.Com <hsb@btinternet.Com
Sent: wednesday, july 12, 2000 6:26 PM

Question: is it required that the PED-required destructive tests for welding procedure and welder performance by witnessed by the inspector if these tests are performed at an A2LA accredited lab? Reply: no, provided that we have a copy of the labs accreditation and we appoint them as an HSB accepted "subcontractor.

Document Flow Form E3

Certificate to manufacturer HSB Lingen file HSB IQ should retain a copy.

EN 287 0
The test weld may be used to approve a welding procedure and a welder provided that all relevant requirements (e.G. Test piece dimensions) are satisfied.

Previous Approvals
It is possible to use welder qualifications previously approved by another notified body or third party organization (TPO).

EN 287-1 1
For approval of welders for fusion welding of steels. It covers manual and partly mechanized welding. It does not cover fully mechanized or fully automatic processes.

 3 Definitions:
WELDER
A person who performs the welding. A collective term used to mean manual welders and welding operators.

Manual Welder
A welder who holds and manipulates the electrode holder, welding gun, torch or blowpipe by hand.

Welding Operator
A welder who operates welding equipment with partly mechanized relative movement between the electrode holder, welding gun, torch or blowpipe and the workpiece.

Test Piece
The welded assembly which is used for the approval test.

Test Specimen
The part or portion cut from the test piece in order to perform a specified destructive test.

Test
A series of operations which will include the making of a welded test piece and subsequent non-destructive and / or destructive testing and reporting of results.

 4 Symbols and Abbreviations

a = BW = D= FW = P= t= T= z= nominal throat thickness butt weld outside diameter of pipe fillet weld plate wall thickness (plate or pipe) pipe leg length of fillet weld

Related to Consumables

nm = wm = A= B= C= R=
RA = RB = RC = RR =

no filler metal with filler metal acid covering basic covering cellulosic covering rutile covering
rutile-acid covering rutile-basic covering rutile-cellulosic covering rutile thick covering

S=

other types

Miscellaneous EN 287-1 / A1:1997

bs = gg = mb = nb = ng = welding from both sides back gouging / grinding of welds welding with BACKING MATERIAL welding without backing no back gouging / grinding
single-side welding

ss =

Welding Processes Covered by EN 287-1

Number Process 111 Metal-arc welding with covered electrode (SMAW) 114 Flux-cored wire metal-arc welding without gas shield (FCAW) 121 Submerged arc welding with wire electrode (SAW) 131 Metal-arc inert gas welding (MIG) 135 Metal-arc active gas welding (MAG)

Welding Processes Covered by EN 287-1

(Continued)
Number Process 136 FCAW with active gas shield 137 FCAW with inert gas shield 141 Tungsten inert gas arc welding (GTAW) 15 Plasma arc welding (PAW) 311 Oxy-acetylene welding (OFW) Other fusion welding processes by agreement.

 5.4 Material Groups

A welders approval test involves depositing metal having a chemical composition compatible with any of the steels in the parent metal group(s). The welding of any one material in a group confers approval for the welding of all other materials within the same group.

 5.4 Material Groups

(Continued)

When welding parent metals from 2 different groups, which do not give approval to each other, an approval of the combination as a separate group is required. There is a similar rule for dissimilar filler metals.

Material Group Chart

Group Description W 01 Low-C unalloyed (C-Mn) steels and/or lowalloyed steels. Fine grain structural steel with a yield not exceeding 360 N/mm [52 ksi] W 02 CrMo and/or CrMoV creep-resisting steels W 03 Fine-grained structural steels, Q & T as well as thermomechanically treated steels with yield > 360 N/mm [52 ksi] as well as similarly weldable Ni steels (2%<Ni<5%). W 04 Ferritic or martensitic stainless steels, 12%<Cr<20% W 11 Stainless ferritic-austenitic and austentic CrNi steels

Test Piece Range of Approvals

Material Group of Test Piece Range of Approval W 01 W 02 W 03 W 04 W 11 NOTE: * When using W 11 filler metal, parent and filler must be in same group for this table to apply. W 01 W 01 and 02 W 01, 02 and 03 W 01, 02 and 04 W 01*, 02*, 03*, 04* and 11 Comparison to EN 288-3 steel group for welding procedures 1 4, 5, 6 2, 3, 7** 8 9 ** Steel with 5<Ni%<9 is not included. A special welders approval is required

Unclassified Steels
For any steel not covered by any of the steel groups in the table, the welder shall carry out an approval test, which approves only for that steel.

Consumables
A test carried out using a filler metal, shielding gas or flux suitable for a material group; the welder may use any similar consumables for the same material group.

Range of Material for Dissimilar Metal Joints

TABLE 5
Test Piece W 02 W 03 W 04 W 11 NOTE: * When using W 11 filler metal. Range of Approval W 02-to-W 01 W 02-to-W 01; W 03-to-W 01 and W 02 W 02-to-W 01; W 04-to-W 01 and W 02 W 11-to-W 01*, 02*, 03* and 04*

 5.6 Dimensions
Table 1 - Approved Thickness
Test piece thickness, t (pipe or plate) in mm t <= 3 3 < t <= 12 t > 12 Range of Approval* t to 2t 3 mm to 2t >= 5 mm * For OFW, substitute 1.5t for 2t

Note: Not based on DEPOSIT THICKNESS (as in Section IX)

 5.6 Dimensions
Table 2 - Approved Diameters
Test piece diameter, D in mm D <= 25 25 < D <= 150 D > 12 D is dimension of smallest side for hollows Range of Approval* D to 2D 0.5D to 2D (min. 25 mm) >= 0.5D

6 Range of Approval for the Welder. Each test normally approves one process; however, it is possible for a welder to be approved for more than one welding process by a single test or by two separate approval tests to be used to cover a multiprocess joint.

6 Range of Approval for the Welder.

(Continued)

Example, to approve a welder for a single-side butt joint with GTAW root (without backing) and SMAW cover passes; there are two possibilities: 1. A GTAW root without backing plus subsequent layers of SMAW in one coupon 2.One GTAW coupon without backing and a separate SMAW coupon with backing or welded from both sides with or without backing.

6.3 General Observations

Approval for BUTT WELDS in PIPES includes BUTT WELDS in PLATES Approval for BUTT WELDS IN PLATES in all relevant positions covers BUTT WELDS IN PIPES WITH AN OD 500 mm and above PA or PC welded butt joints in plate includes approval for butt joints in pipes with OD 150mm and above for similar positions. Welding from ONE SIDE WITHOUT BACKING approves welds from ONE SIDE WITH BACKING, and from BOTH SIDES WITH & WITHOUT GOUGING

6.3 General Observations

(Continued)
PA (flat ~1G) or PC (horizontal ~2G) welded butt joints in plate includes approval for butt joints in pipes with OD 150mm and above for similar positions. Welding from ONE SIDE WITHOUT BACKING approves welds from ONE SIDE WITH BACKING, and from BOTH SIDES WITH & WITHOUT GOUGING

6.3 General Observations

(Continued)
Welding from BOTH SIDES WITHOUT GOUGING covers welds from ONE SIDE with BACKING and welds from BOTH SIDES WITH GOUGING Welding in plates or pipes WITH BACKING approves welds made from both sides BUT NOT WELDS WITHOUT BACKING Welding from BOTH SIDES WITHOUT GOUGING approves ONE SIDE WITH BACKING and BOTH SIDES WITH GOUGING

6.3 General Observations

(Continued)

BUTT WELDS approve FILLETS for similar welding conditions. In cases where production work is predominantly fillet welding, an added fillet weld approval test is recommended.

Paragraph 7.3
The approval test for the welder shall correspond to the conditions used in production and follow a WPS prepared in accordance with EN 288-2. The welder shall be allowed to remove minor imperfections, EXCEPT ON THE SURFACE LAYER, by grinding, gouging or any other means used in production. The approval of the test body (notified body or TPO) shall be obtained.

7.4 Test Methods

Each completed weld shall be visually examined in the as-welded condition. When required (table 8) MT, PT or other test methods and macro tests on butt welds may supplement VT.

7.4 Test Methods

(Continued)

Once VT is acceptable, additional RT, fracture and/or macros are required. When RT is used, bend tests are still required for MIG, MAG and oxy-acetylene welds. Backing strips are to be removed prior to mechanical testing.

7.4 Test Methods

(Continued)

Thermal or mechanical means may be used for sectioning the test piece. The first and last 25mm of the test piece and the ends of the plates are to be discarded. (See figures 7 and 8).

Table 3: Range of Approval for Tests on Butt Joints

TEST Butt weld in plate ssmb ssnb bsgg bsng APPROVED Butt welds in Plate ssmb & bsgg ssmb, ssnb, bsgg, bsng ssmb, bsgg mbng, bsgg, bsng APPROVED Butt welds in pipe See 6.3 b and c See 6.3 b and c See 6.3 b and c ssmb

Table 3: Range of Approval for Tests on Butt Joints (Continued)

TEST Butt weld in pipe ssmb ssnb APPROVED Butt weld in plate ssmb, bsgg ssmb, ssnb, bsgg, bsng APPROVED Butt weld in pipe ssmb ssmb, ssnb

 5.6 Welding Positions (From ISO 6947)

Plate - Butt Welds
EN 288 Position PA PC PE PF PG EN 288 Name Plate, Butt Weld, Flat P, BW, Horizontal vertical P, BW, Overhead P, BW, Vertical upwards P, BW, Vertical downwards Section IX Equivalent 1G 2G 4G 3G 3G

 5.6 Welding Positions (From ISO 6947)

Plate - Fillet Welds
EN 288 Position PA PB PD PG PF EN 288 Name P, Fillet welds, Flat P, FW, Horizontal vertical P, FW, Horizontal overhead P, FW, Vertical downwards P, FW, Vertical upwards Section IX Equivalent 1F 2F 4F 3F 3F

 5.6 Welding Positions (From ISO 6947)

Pipe - Butt Welds
EN 288 Position PA PC PF PG H-LO45 EN 288 Name Pipe, Butt Weld, rotating, horizontal axis, flat weld T, BW, fixed, vertical axis, horizontal vertical T, BW, fixed, horizontal axis, vertical upwards T, BW, fixed, horizontal axis, vertical downwards T, BW, fixed, 45 axis, upward Section IX Equivalent 1G 2G 5G 5G 6G

 5.6 Welding Positions (From ISO 6947)

Pipe - Fillet Welds
EN 288 Position PB EN 288 Name Pipe, Fillet Weld, rotating, horizontal axis, horizontal vertical T, FW, fixed, vertical axis, horizontal vertical T, FW, fixed, vertical axis, horizontal overhead T, FW, fixed, horizontal axis, vertical upwards T, FW, fixed, horizontal axis, vertical downwards Section IX Equivalent none

PB PD PF PG

none none none none

Table 6 Range Of Approval For Electrode Coating

Test Piece Type A, RA R, RB, RC, RR B C S (specific) Range of Approval A, RA A, RA, R, RB, RC, RR A, RA, R, RB, RC, RR, B C S (only as used in test)

A change in the type of electrode coating may require a change in technique. A change of shielding gas or flux is permitted

 7 Examination and Testing:

The welding and testing of test pieces shall be witnessed by the notified body / TPO. Test pieces shall be marked by the examiner and welder before welding starts.

Table 7 - Plate BUTT WELD Tests

(Excerpts)

Test Piece Position P,BW,PA

Range of Approval P,BW,PA P,FW,PA P,FW,PB T,BW, Rotated 0, PA T,FW, Rotated 45, PA T,FW,PB

Table 7 - Plate BUTT WELD Tests

(Excerpts)
Test Piece Position P,BW,PG Range of Approval P,PW,BG P,FW,PG

Table 7 - Plate BUTT WELD Tests

(Excerpts)
Test Piece Position P,BW,PE Range of Approval P,BW,PA P,BW,PC P,BW,PF P,BW,PE P,FW,PA P,FW,PB P,FW,PF P,FW,PD T,BW, Rotated 0, PA T,FW, Rotated 45, PA T,FW,PB T,FW, Fixed 0, PF

Table 7 - Plate BUTT WELD Tests

(Excerpts)
Test Piece Position P,BW,PF Range of Approval P,BW,PA P,BW,PF P,FW,PA P,FW,PB P,FW,PF T,BW, Rotated 0, PA T,FW, Rotated 45, PA T,FW,PB T,FW, Fixed 0, PF

Table 7 - Pipe BUTT WELD Tests

(Excerpts)
Test Piece Position Range of Approval T,BW, Rotated 0, PA P,BW,PA P,FW,PA P,FW,PB T,BW, Rotated 0, PA T,FW,45 Rotated, PA T,FW,PB

Table 7 - Pipe BUTT WELD Tests

(Excerpts)
Test Piece Position T,BW, Fixed 0, PG Range of Approval P,BW,PG P,FW,PG T,BW, Fixed 0, PG T,FW, Fixed 0, PG

Table 7 - Pipe BUTT WELD Tests

(Excerpts)
Test Piece Position T,BW, Fixed 0, PF Range of Approval P,BW,PA P,BW,PF P,BW,PE P,FW,PA P,FW,PB P,FW,PF P,FW,PD T,BW, Rotated 0, PA T,BW, Fixed 0, PF T,FW, Rotated 45, PA T,FW,PB T,FW, Fixed 0, PF T,FW, Fixed 90, PD

Table 7 - Pipe BUTT WELD Tests

(Excerpts)
Test Piece Position T,BW, Fixed 90, PC Range of Approval P,BW,PA P,BW,PC P,FW,PA P,FW,PB T,BW, Rotated 0, PA T,BW, Fixed 90, PC T,FW, Rotated 45, PA T,FW,PB

Table 7 - Pipe BUTT WELD Tests

(Excerpts)
Test Piece Position
T,BW, Fixed 45, H-L045

Range of Approval
P,BW,PA P,BW,PC P,BW,PF P,BW,PE P,FW,PA P,FW,PB P,FW,PF P,FW,PD T,BW, Rotated 0, PA T,BW, Fixed 0, PF T,BW, Fixed 90, PC T,BW, Fixed 45, H-L045 T,FW, Rotated 45, PA T,FW,PB T,FW, Fixed 0, PF T,FW, Fixed 90, PD

 7.2 Shapes and Dimensions of Test Pieces

For butt welds in plate 125mm or more from plate end to weld edge of centerline Length of plate, minimum 300mm
For pipe 125mm minimum distance is from pipe end to circumferential weld prep

Paragraph 7.3 Requires...

The test piece shall have at least one stop and re-start in the root run and the top capping run and be identified in the inspection length to be examined

Examination Requirements TABLE 8

Test / Examination method butt weld plate butt weld pipe fillet weld

Visual RT Bend Fracture Macro MT or PT

X *1)5) *2) *1) not mandatory not mandatory

X *1)5) *2) *1) not mandatory not mandatory

X not mandatory not mandatory *3)4) not mandatory4) not mandatory

*1) RT or fracture test shall be used, but not both. *2) when RT is used, bends are mandatory for processes 131, 135 & 311. 3) fracture test 4) fracture test may be replaced by a macro of at least 4 sections, one of which taken from the stop/start location. 5) RT may be replaced by UT for ferritc steels with t = 8mm or more. Plus MT or PT when required by the examining body.

Examination Details
RT should be in accordance with EN 1435 class B technique for butt welds in plate and ISO 1106-3 class B for pipe. Acceptance requirements: ISO 5817 level B imperfections; level C is used for excess weld metal, excessive convexity, throat thickness and excess penetration

 9 Retests
If any piece fails, the welder shall produce another one.
If lack of skill further training is needed before retesting. If metallurgical or other extraneous cause an additional test is required.

 9 Retests
(Continued)
If a bend specimen fails: 2 additional test specimens, both satisfactory are required.
If a fracture specimen is unacceptable: 2 additional test specimens are required. If any one of the 2 re-tests fail, the cause of failure must be determined.

 10 Period of Validity
Initial approval begins on the date when all required tests are satisfactorily completed it may be different from the date of issue of the certificate.

 10 Period of Validity
(Continued)
Remains valid for 2 years as long as the manufacturer signs the certificate at 6-month intervals. ALL of the following conditions must be met: The welder shall be engaged with reasonable continuity on welding work within the current range of approval. Interruption exceeding 6 months is not permitted. The welders work shall be in general accordance with the technical conditions under which the test approval is carried out. There shall be no specific reason to question the welders skill and knowledge.

Prolongation
The validity may be prolonged for further periods of 2 years provided:
The production welds are of the required quality Records of tests (RT, UT, fracture, comments) are maintained on file

Prolongation is signed by the examining body on the approval certificate after verification of compliance.
A change in essential variables for the approval testing beyond the permitted ranges requires a new test and new approval certificate.

Certification & Documentation

ANNEX B provides an example of the welders certificate. It is issued under the sole responsibility of the examining (notified or TPO) or test body [ 11].
HSB IQ IQ.027 clause 5.2.8 certification states that the certificate shall be issued by the design manager (or nominee) of HSB IQ, reference IQ Form 79.

 12 Designation
Shorthand format- (generally seen at the top of the welders certificate) Xx xxxxx, xxx, x, xx, xxx, xx, xxx, xxxx, xxxxxx, xx, xx
The order signifies: Number of the standard, welding process, product, joint type, material group, filler metal, size of test piece, position, details of weld type

 12 Designation
(Continued) Example:

EN 287-1 111 P BW W11 B t09 PF ss nb

EN 287-1 welder approval SMAW process Plate Butt weld W 11 material group Basic coated filler metal 9mm test plate thickness Weld position: butt weld on plate, vertical up Single side, no backing

means