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GROUP MEMBERS:FARAZ (438) IMTIYAZ (433) TAJAMUL (434) SAJAD (435) FAHAD (425) MOHSIN (454) YASIR
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(441)
DISTRIBUTION OF TOPICS
INTRODUCTIO TO QUALITY
MOHSIN(454)
INTRODUCTIO TO TQM
IMTIYAZ(433)
YASIR(441)
TAJAMUL(434)
PRE-REQUISITES FOR TQM
FARAZ(438)
DEMINGS THEORY ON TQM TOOLS AND CONCLUSION
INTRODUCTIO TO QUALITY
DEFINITIONS:A frequently used definition of quality is Delighting the customer by fully meeting their needs and expectations. Dr.Juran,the most acclaimed quality guru of the 20th century has defined Quality as fitness for use. ISO 9000:2000, the international standard on Quality Management has defined Click to edit Master subtitle quality as the degree to which a set of inherent characteristics fulfills style requirements.
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To sum up all the contemporary definitions: Quality can be defined as the totality of the features or state of the products and/or services that satisfies the stated and implied need of the customer.
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CONCEPT OF QUALITY
q A complex and key aspect of current
business.
q Key parameter for business success. q Satisfies three Fs. Fit Form Function
INTRODUCTION TO TQM
TQM is composed of three paradigms:
Total: - Organization wide Quality: - With its usual Definitions, with all its
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Definition
Total Quality Management
(TQM) is a management strategy aimed at embedding awareness of quality in all organizational processes.
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EXPLANATION
q TQM requires that the company
done right the first time and that defects and waste are eliminated from operations.
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seeks to integrate all organizational functions (marketing, finance, design, engineering, and production, customer service, etc.) to focus on meeting customer needs and organizational objectives. right things, right the first time, every time".
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approach that originated in the 1950's and has steadily become more popular since the early 1980's.
Total Quality Management, TQM, is a method by
which management and employees can become involved in the continuous improvement of the production of goods and services.
Some of the companies who have implemented
TQM include Ford Motor Company, Phillips Semiconductor, SGL Carbon, Motorola and Toyota Motor Company.
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which include:
Commitment by senior management and all
employees
Meeting customer requirements Reducing development cycle times Reducing product and service costs Systems to facilitate improvement Employee involvement and empowerment Focus on processes / improvement plans
This shows that TQM must be practiced in all activities, by all personnel, in Manufacturing, 6/11/12 Marketing, Engineering, R&D, Sales, Purchasing,
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commitment to quality, communication of the quality message, and recognition of the need to change the culture of the organization to create total quality. they are supported by the key management functions of people, processes and systems in the organization.
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CEO to the lowest level employee is focused on product or service quality. If management is not behind TQM, then it will fail. training and be familiar with the necessary TQM techniques. improvement - as general
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each other to fix common problems in the product or process. solutions, not on hidden agendas or favoritism.
operations, with decisions that impact on quality, rejected immediately; despite perceived cost-savings involved.
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GOALS OF TQM
totality.
Customer delightment & Satisfaction in Continuous improvement. Total employee involvement and
empowerment.
Optimization of resources.
QUALITYright the first time. AND NOT Do it IS FOR CUSTOMERS FOR THE SUPPLIERS
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Satisfaction in totality.
The organization can only survive and excel when it produces products and services fulfilling the customers, stated or implied needs leading to their satisfaction. The vital factor of an organizations performance excellence is its ability to be userfriendly and develop as close relationship with customer as possible.
Continuous improvement.
The best organizations in the world are not keeping quiet, but are growing at a good pace. Change for better at a revolutionary pace is the ideal business mantra for business excellence in the current highly competitive environment.
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and empowerment.
The employee involvement and their proactiveness can only create an environment for performance excellence of each and every individual leading to an all-round business leadership.
Optimization of resources.
In today's competitive world the market force decide the price. Unless an organizations cost of production of the product and/or services are the least, the organization cannot survive.
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Act always in line with customer needs Develop customer satisfaction. Measure value added Do it right the first time Work under the 7 zero banner Focus on prevention Involve all participants in the enterprise Satisfy all parties at the same time
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Organizations should understand the needs and supply products and services as per the same.
Develop customer satisfaction.
Organizations should satisfy customers by providing goods and services at right time, at right place, at right price and of right quality
Measure value added
Organizations should assess their performance in both financial terms and according to their stated aim.
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time
This calls for the implementation of the statistical process control to ensure the reliability in terms of the zero defect in the products, elimination 6/11/12
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enterprise
Total quality management advocates involvement of not only its employees, but also the organizations suppliers, vendors as well its customers.
Satisfy all parties at the same time
The organization should satisfy not only its employees, suppliers and customers, but also the environment, its share holders and society.
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cycle.
Deming popularized the concept of P-
D-C-A.
He introduced the concept that
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There is nothing like a major or minor Separated business forces and practices into two categories:I.
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Albert Einstein Not everything that counts can be counted and not everything that can be counted counts.
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management of an organization should define the organizations vision and objectives. comes from change by learning and implementing a new philosophy.
5. Recognize two sources of faults:(a) production systems:- Faulty production systems cause
process level to not only minimize the errors, but also to strengthen the on thethe-job training to the operators.
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Critically examine each work standard from the functional point of view and not add any value when customers are not ready to pay for it. statistical process control system in manufacturing.
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Demings contribution to the Japanese industry was so much that Japanese Govt. named the highest quality award for the industry after his name as the Deming Award.
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Commitment at the top Organization for quality Strategic direction Customer orientation Need based education and training Total involvement of employees Supportive culture Teamwork Prevention-based systems Recognition and reward system
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TOOLS OF TQM
Quality Management tools. They are:
Here follows a brief description of the basic set of Total Pareto Principle Scatter Plots Control Charts Flow Charts Cause and Effect , Fishbone, Ishikawa Diagram Histogram or Bar Graph Check Lists Check Sheets
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Pareto Principle
The Pareto principle suggests that most In quantitative terms: 80% of the
effects come from relatively few causes. problems come from 20% of the causes (machines, raw materials, operators etc.); 80% of the wealth is owned by 20% of the people etc. compare 'before and after' situations. General use, to decide where to apply initial effort for maximum effect.
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Scatter Plots
the point intersections between the two data sets are plotted but no attempt is made to physically draw a line.
whose behavior we would like to predict. Use, to define the area of relationship between two variables.
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Control Charts
are calculated for a process and sampled measures are regularly plotted about a central line between the two sets of limits. stability/trend of the process.
The plotted line corresponds to the Action can be taken based on trend rather than
on individual variation.
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CONTROL CHARTS
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Flow Charts
by those involved.
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Flow Charts
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The cause-and-effect diagram is a method for The diagram's purpose is to relate causes and effects. Three basic types: Dispersion analysis, Process
Effect = problem to be resolved, opportunity to be Helps organize and relate factors, providing a Can be difficult to identify or demonstrate
interrelationships.
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in a set of data.
data set.
variable is clustered into categories and the value of each cluster is plotted to give a series of bars.
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Check Lists
to gather. Used for the collection of quantitative or qualitative repetitive data. Minimal interpretation of results required. forms of bias - exclusion, interaction, perception, operational, non-response, estimation.
Adaptable to different data gathering situations. Easy and quick to use. No control for various
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Check Lists
conditions to ensure that all important steps or actions have been taken.
Their primary purpose is for guiding operations,
situation have been taken into account before action or decision making.
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CONCLUSION
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