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Prabir Mohanty
CLASSIFICATION
On the basis of Physical State
Solid Liquid Gaseous On the basis of Mode of Procurement Natural Fuel Synthetic Fuel
NATURAL FUEL
Solid: Wood, Peat, Coal Liquid: Petroleum
SYNTHETIC FUEL
Solid : Coke, Shorewood Liquid: Gasoline, Diesel,
Easy To Store
Minimum Smoke Economical
CALORIFIC VALUE
It is the number of heat unit liberated in Kcal by the
complete combustion of the fuel. It is measured in two ways: HCV:- High Calorific Value LCV:- Low Calorific Value
It is the stratified rock of decaying trees & vegetation that underwent morphological changes by an aerobic biogradaition through millions of years under heat & pressure of the earth crest above them
CLASSIFICATION OF COAL
GRADE
A B C D E F
CALORIFIC VALUE
Exceeding 6200 Kcal/Kg 5600 6200 4940 5600 4200 4940 3360 4200 2400 3360
1300 - 2400
COMPOSITION OF COAL
INDIAN COAL
Fixed carbon:- 34.69% Volatile Matter:- 20.7% Ash:- 38.6% Moisture:- 5.98% Hydrogen:- 2.76% Nitrogen:- 1.22%
INDONESIAN COAL
Fixed Carbon:- 58.96% Moisture:- 9.43% Ash:-13.99% Hydrogen:- 4.16% Nitrogen:- 1.02% Sulphure:- 0.56%
Sulphure:- 0.41%
Oxygen:- 9.89%
Oxygen:- 11.88%
COAL ANALYSIS
Proximate Analysis:-
Fixed Carbon, Volatile Matter, Moisture, Ash Ultimate Analysis:Nitrogen, Oxygen, Carbon, Ash, Sulphure, Hydrogen
FIXED CARBON
Major component of coal
Calorific value increases for higher % of fixed carbon % of F.C = 100% -[(% of M) (% of VM) (% of Ash)]
VOLATILE MATTER
Methane, Hydrocarbon, Hydrogen, CO, C2H6, H2S
PROPERTIES
Increase flame length, easier ignition
ASH
Ash is the impurity that will not burn.
PROPERTIES
Reduce handling & burning capacity. Increases handling cost. Affects combustion efficiency. Causes Clinkering & Slugging.
MOISTURE
The oxygen content, that is consumed by hydrogen atom in the
coal.
PROPERTIES
Increase heat loss due to evaporation & superheating of vapor. Helps to a limit in binding fines.
SULPHURE
Range:- 0.5% - 0.8%
PROPERTIES
Affects clinkering & slugging tendency.