The motion of the planet on its orbit around the sun

WHO AM I Revolution

Is the changing seasons caused by the change in the distance between the sun and the earth?

YES OR NO NO

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

a. As Earth, revolves its speed changes. b. The Earth takes a one and half year to complete one revolution. c. It is slowest when Earth is at aphelion (farthest from the sun) d. It is fastest when Earth is at perihelion (nearest from the sun

The season in the Southern Hemisphere from December 21 to March 21

a. Winter b. Spring c. Summer d. Fall

The main reason why we have seasons is the a. Variation of the solar constant b. Earths oblate spheroid shape c. Inclination of the Earths axis of rotation in relation to its orbital plane d. Earths elliptical orbit; it is closer to the sun at certain times of the year

SATELLITE
An small object that orbits a larger one

TWO TYPES OF SATELLITE

1. NATURAL SATELLITE 2. ARTIFICIAL SATELLITE -an astronomical -an object put into an orbit around object that Earth or other orbits a larger planet in order to object relay Ex. Moon, Earths communication Satellite signals Ex. NASA Satellite

THE MOON

EARTH-MOON SYSTEM
The average distance from the Moon to the Earth is 384,404 km. Closest approach is 356,334 km. Farthest is 406,610 km.

 30 times the diameter of the Earth. Diameter of the Moon is 3475.9 km = 0.27 diameter of the Earth (12756 km)

THE MOON
The Moon shines by reflected sunlight. On average, it reflects about 7% of the incident sunlight. The Moon appears about 400,000 times fainter than the Sun in the sky. The phases of the Moon are the result of varying viewing angles throughout the month. A common misconception is that the phases of the Moon are caused by the shadow of the Earth.

ORBIT OF THE MOON

The time it takes the Moon to go through its phases is called the synodic period and is 29.5 days.

 The time it takes the Moon to orbit the Earth with respect to the stars is the sidereal period and is 27.3 days.

The orbit of the Moon is inclined by 5 degrees with respect to the ecliptic.

The moon has no atmosphere, because its gravity is too small to retain any atmosphere The moons surface features Craters: Everywhere Terrae (mean land) the light-colored area highlands on the Moon Maria (mean sea) the dark area low-lying plains

MOONS SURFACE
Craters: Caused by impacts from space debris Everywhere no evidence of plate tectonic activity on the Moon Moon is too small to retain internal heat

Maria plains of remains of huge lava flow

dark color due to the color of solidified lava Fewer craters on a mare than the surrounding highlands Hence, mare formed relatively young Mare basin was caused by impacts of very large meteoroids or asteroids

Manned exploration of the Moon

From 1969 to 1972, 12 astronauts walked on the Moon, through 6 successful manned landings July 21, 1969, 2:56 UTC, Armstrong put his left foot on the surface, and spoke That's one small step for (a) man, one giant leap for mankind.

Moon Phases

Half of the Moon is always lit up by the sun. As the Moon orbits the Earth, we see different parts of the lighted area.

http://www.nasm.si.edu/apollo30th/moontheater/phasepage2.html

The revolution of the Moon around the Earth makes the Moon look as if it is changing shape in the sky.

http://btc.montana.edu/ceres/html/birthdayphases.htm

This is caused by the different angles from which we see the lighted part of the Moon's surface. These are called "phases" of the Moon.
http://btc.montana.edu/ceres/html/birthdayphases.htm

Moon Movie
The movie is an animated GIF created by Antonio Cidadao from a sequence of still images taken during March and April 1998. Copyright Antonio Cidadao. http://aa.usno.navy.mil/faq/docs/mo on_phases.html

As the moon moves (revolves) around the Earth, it looks like it has different shapes. The shape of the moon does not really change. It just changes its location in space.

Lets take a closer look at the phases of the moon. During a new moon, the moon looks dark.

As the surface of the moon that we see gets bigger, we say that the moon is waxing.

This is a waxing crescent.

When the moon is of the way around the earth, it is in its first quarter phase. We see it as half lit.

After the quarter moon, the moon is moving towards a full moon. We call this a waxing gibbous moon.

Notice that the bright part of the moon is getting larger. Thats what we mean by waxing.

Now its time for a full moon. The entire face of the moon that we are able to see shines during the full moon.

Red Moon 21 January 2000

Following the full moon, the surface of the moon seems to be getting smaller. We call this a waning moon.

Now that the moon is of the way around the Earth, it seems to be half lit. We call this a waning quarter moon.

Before we get to the new moon, we see a sliver of moon shining up in the sky. This is a waning crescent.

http://www.opencourse.info/astronomy/introduction/04.motion_moon/moon_phases.gif

http://www.calvin.edu/~lmolnar/moon/images/phases.gif

VEL MARIS STAR GAZING

SAMPLE MUNA

MOON QUIZ!!

http://starchild.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/StarChi ld/solar_system_level2/moonlight.html

Oreo Moon Phases Cookie filling represents four of the moons phases.