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Introduction Pre-war depression cured by WWII unlikely to be a regular economic policy option. Depression caused by protectionism. Depressions causes political instability. Political instability causes war
In early December 1945, the United States invited its wartime allies to enter into negotiations to conclude a multilateral agreement for the reciprocal reduction of tariffs on trade in goods.
Summary of GATT Creation GATT: 1947-1994 Initial idea: International Trade Organization (ITO discussed at Bretton Woods) But the ITO failed
Charter drafted 1948 United States Congress failed to approve it
62
Tariffs, non-tariff measures, framework agreements Tariffs, non-tariff measures, rules, services, intellectual property, dispute settlement, textiles, agriculture, creation of WTO, etc
102
123
Torquay
Geneva Dillon Kennedy
1951
1956 1960-1961 1964-1967
Tariffs
Tariffs Tariffs Tariffs and antidumping measures
38
26 26 62
Tokyo
Uruguay
1973-1979
1986-1993
102
123
Doha (WTO)
1999-
149
9.7. The Uruguay round, Outstanding Trade Problems, and the Doha Round
9.7A. Uruguay Round (1986-1993)
9.7. The Uruguay round, Outstanding Trade Problems, and the Doha Round
(1) Outstanding Trade Problems:
Continuing disputes over nontariff barriers. Protection on agricultural products remain very high. Rising regionalism. Labor and environmental issues.