Steam Turbine Governor

Regulate STEAM FLOW into TURBINE such that at the desired SPEED the OUTPUT TORQUE of the Turbine is exactly equal the LOAD Torque of the Generator
(If torque is not equal the result is a change in speed Newtons Law)

In the event of sudden LOAD TORQUE loss, Quickly reduce STEAM FLOW to maintain desired SPEED below Emergency trip Speed
(excessive TURBINE OUTPUT TORQUE results in rapid speed increase)

In the event of a complete failure of speed control, emergency over speed governor shall limit speed less than 120%

Steam Turbine Controls

Provide a means to prewarm Provide a means to accelerate to speed and synchronize Provide a means to control flow for MW generation Provide a means to protect the equipment from adverse operating conditions Provide a means to test components to ensure operability

Turbine Control Hydraulics

Hydraulic Power Unit Provide high pressure fluid to control the turbine valves FAS (power for actuator positioning) ETS (logic for tripping) Lube Oil System Provide front standard trip logic

Servo Valves Solenoid Valves Actuators Steam valves Front standard

Servo Valve
Null

Servo Valve
Opening

Servo Valve
Closing

Servo Valve
Failed Jet

Spring Can & Control Pac

Single Acting Servo Controlled

FAS supplied and ETS tripped FASV de energized Disk Dump spring seated Shut off isolated Biased Servo Valve TRIPPED

Single Acting Servo Controlled

FAS supplied and ETS reset FASV de energized Disk Dump seated Shut off reset Null Servo

Single Acting Servo Controlled

FAS supplied and ETS reset FASV de energized Disk Dump seated Shut off reset Positive Servo Valve Opening

Single Acting Servo Controlled

FAS supplied and ETS reset FASV de energized Disk Dump seated Shut off reset Null Servo Valve position

Single Acting Servo Controlled

FAS supplied and ETS reset FASV de energized Disk Dump seated Shut off reset Negative Servo Valve Closing

Single Acting Servo Controlled

FAS supplied and ETS reset FASV energized Disk Dump dumped Shut off isolated Biased Servo Valve FAST CLOSED

Single Acting Solenoid Controlled

FAS supplied and ETS reset FASV de energized Disk Dump seated Shut off reset De Energized Solenoid Valve Opening Orifice controls rate

Single Acting Solenoid Controlled

FAS supplied and ETS reset FASV de energized Disk Dump seated Shut off reset Energized Solenoid Valve Closing Orifice controls rate

BLOCK

Main Stop Valves

Primary Purpose: To shut off steam flow in an emergency. Secondary Purpose: Steam Chest Warming Rotor Warming

MSV

Main Control Valves

Purpose: To regulate steam flow to the HP turbine. Control turbine speed (Speed Governor) or, Control generator load (Load Control) or, Control Reactor pressure (Pressure Governor)
1st axiom of Turbine ControlsOne valve can control only one variable at one time

CV

CV Balance Chamber

MSV & CV

Reheat (Intermediate) Stop Valves

Purpose: To shut off steam flow to IP (LP) turbine in an emergency.

ISV

Intercept Valves
Primary Purpose: To regulate steam flow to the IP (LP) turbine in an overspeed where the control valves have been closed and speed continues to increase. Also, to blow down reheater and/or steam piping prior to opening of control valves.

IV

CIV

ByPass Valves
Purpose: Regulate reactor steam flow to the condenser, when steam flow is not needed by the turbine BPV use a simple double acting actuator (no ETS supply) 1) can be manualy opened during intial criticallity 2) regulated by Pressure Control over range of 150 to 1050 psig

ByPass Valves

Speed Control
Measure turbine speed and provide Speed error to Load Control INPUTS Turbine speed Speed hold selection Acceleration selection OUTPUT Speed Error to Load Control Speed related Logic

First Line of Over Speed Protection

Control speed below over speed trip setting

Load Control
Using operator desired set points and measured turbine conditions, provided a valve demand signal to Flow Control

Inputs Speed error Load reference Operating condition (i.e. warming, rolling, or online) BWR- Pressure error
Output EsubLs

Flow Control
INPUTS EL Valve Position OUTPUT Servo Current

Each valve has its own Flow Control Loop MSV#2 (master) CV 1, 2, 3 & 4 IV 1, 2 (master) BPV 1 - 10

Flow Control Admission Modes

Flow Control 2 Admission Mode

Incremental Regulation

Protection (trips)
Vital Loss of Life Redundant tripping and testable Important Loss of Capital 2 out of 3 logic for increased availability Operational Increased maintenance Pre alarm

Second Line of Over Speed Protection

If First fails Limit Peak Speed Below 120%