Nutrition

Subtopic: Malnutrition

Can you explain the picture??

Nigerian Children Suffering from Malnutrition

Malnourished Child

Can you explain the picture??

Famine in Biafra

Collective Cooking in Touba

Obesity is also malnutrition

What is Malnutrition???
Malnutrition is a result of a dietary condition when a person eat less or
more than what the body require.

Nutrient Protein Vitamin A Vitamin B1

Effect of deficiency kwashiorkor Night blindness Xerophthalmia Beri-beri

Vitamin B3 Pellagra

Vitamin B12 ,Iron Vitamin C Vitamin D Calcium Iodine Sodium

Anaemia Scurvy Ricket (children) Osteoporosis (aged adults) Goitre (adults) Cretinism(children) Muscular cramps

Rickets can result from insufficient vitamin D in the diet

People with anemia do not have enough red blood cells to adequately supply body tissues with oxygen

Goiter

kwashiorkor

Effect of Excessive Intake

Nutrient Carbohydrates (sugar) Lipids Protein Effect of excessive Obesity Atherosclerosis gout Stored in the kidney- damage the kidney

Nutrient Vitamin A Minerals a) Sodium b) Calcium

Effect of excessive Liver damage High blood pressure Kidney damage Atherosclerosis

water lipids

fiber

protein

carbohydrate

vitamin

mineral

Vitamin A

Vitamin E

Vitamin K

Vitamin D

Vitamin B1

Vitamin C

Vitamin B3

Vitamin B5

Vitamin B1

Vitamin D

Vitamin D Vitamin K

Vitamin A

Vitamin C

Vitamin B3

Vitamin D

Vitamin B6

Vitamin B12

Vitamin B5

Vitamin B1

Vitamin C

Vitamin B3 Vitamin B3

Magnesium

Vitamin B6 Sulphur

Iron

Potassium

Iodine

Sodium

Calcium

Vitamin A

Vitamin E

Vitamin K

Vitamin D

Vitamin B1

Vitamin C

Vitamin B3

Protein

Carbohydrate

Lipids

Fiber

Vitamin

Water

Mineral

VITAMIN B2

VITAMIN E

VITAMIN B5

VITAMIN B1

VITAMIN D

VITAMIN B12

VITAMIN C

VITAMIN B12

VITAMIN B3

VITAMIN E

VITAMIN A

VITAMIN B2

VITAMIN B6

VITAMIN B1

Discussion Time

How to reduce the risk of getting

1. High blood pressure 2. Diabetes mellitus 3. Osteoporosis

Diet-related diseases
1. High blood pressure
Excessive intake saturated fats, cholesterol and calcium Deposited on the inner walls of arteries

Prevent high blood pressure Reduce the intake of food which are rich in saturated fats and cholesterol Exercise frequently Reduce the intake of salts in food, as well as tea and coffee Do smoke Have enough rest

2. Diabetes mellitus
Brain----- Stroke Eye ------ High blood pressure damage tiny blood vessel at the back of the eye. ------ blindness

Diabetes mellitus
Heart------ Heart disease including chest pain (angina) and heart attack Kidney Nerves----- damage the network of nerves, feet and hand tingle, burn or numb ------ lost all sense of feeling

Prevent Diabetes mellitus

Prevent Obesity Low in saturated fat and

cholesterol

Avoid excessive intake of

carbohydrates (sugar nad starch)

3. Osteoporosis
Lack of calcium, phosphorus and vitamin D in diet Low density of bone mass Bone become thin and brittle, and easily broken

A portion of a bone showing the loss of bone mass known as osteoporosis (right) is contrasted with a portion of a healthy bone (left).

Prevent Osteoporosis

Eat food rich in calcium, such as

milk, vegetables and cereal

Avoid excessive intake of protein

(excess protein causes bone lose calcium)

Summary time