Definition: is an itchy, highly contagious disease cause by an infestation by itch mites.

A communicable

diseases of the skin and characterized by the eruptive lesions produced from burrowing of the female parasites into the skin. agent: Sarcoptes scabiei

Causative

Transmission with any contact including with fomites:

1. Prolonged skin contact (usually not a handshake)
Hospital and Day cares

nursing homes.

2. Household contact

3. Sexual contact
4. Shared clothing or bedding

No transmission from pets with scabies (mange)

Mites may be passed from pets but does not survive 2. Short-term itching may occur but resolves In days.
1.

Incubation Period: It occurs within 24 hours from the original contact, the length of time required for itch mite to burrow on infected skin and lay ova.

Life Cycle of a Female Mites:

1. Female mites burrow into the skin to lay eggs lays 10 to 25 eggs dies after laying eggs 2. Eggs hatch within 3-4 days 3. Scabies larvae mature into adults in 14-17 days. 4. Mites can live 3 days without a human host.

Sign and Symptoms:

Itching

When secondarily infected the skin may feel hot and burning but this is a minor discomfort

When large areas are involved and secondary infection is severe there will be fever, headache and malaise. Secondary dermatitis is common.

Distribution:
1. Infants: face and scalp involvement 2.Children: spares face and scalp Hands( especially web spaces) Axillae Antecubital fossa

3. Adults (includes sites for children above)

Genitalia breast crease

Female Gluteal

Waistband

Treatment:
Permethrin (Elimite) or lindane lotion Ivermectin Crotamiton Neosporin ointment Antihistamines, such as diphenhydramine (Benadryl) Wash linen and bedclothes in hot water Eurax and Kwell lotion

Diagnostic Procedure:

A drop of mineral oil placed over the burrow, followed by superficial scraping and examination of expressed material under a low-power microscope, may reveal mites, ova or mite feces.

Nursing Management
1. Instruct the patient to apply the cream at bedtime, from the neck down to the toes, covering the entire body. 2. Contaminated clothing or bedclothes should be dry-cleaned or boil. 3. Advice the patient to report any skin irritation. 4. Suggest that family members and other close contact of the patient be checked for possible symptoms and treated if necessary.

5. If the patient is hospitalized, practice good hand washing technique or use gloves while performing nursing procedures. 6. Terminal disinfection should be carried out after the discharge of the patient.

Prevention and Control:

Good personal hygiene, daily bath, washing the hands before and after eating, and after using toilet.

Regular changing of clean clothing beddings and towel.

Eating the right food like rich in vitamin A and vitamin C such as green leafy vegetables and plenty of fruits and fluids.

Keeping the house clean

Improving the sanitation of the surroundings.

End of Presentation

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