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Conexo SIPAER A Revista Conexo SIPAER uma publicao cientfica peridica, editada eletronicamente pelo Centro de Investigao e Preveno

o de Acidentes Aeronuticos com o objetivo de promover a disseminao da informao tcnicocientfica produzida por pesquisadores e profissionais da rea da cincia aeronutica e cincias afins voltada para a segurana de vo, com foco nas atividades de investigao e preveno de acidentes aeronuticos.

Endereo postal Centro de Investigao e Preveno de Acidentes Aeronuticos - CENIPA SHIS - QI 05 - rea Especial 12 VI COMAR - Lago Sul Braslia - DF BRAZIL CEP:71.615-600

Contato Telefone: +55(61)3364-8846 Fax: +55(61)3364-8800 E-mail: conexaosipaer@cenipa.aer.mil.br

WEBPAGE http://inseer.ibict.br/sipaer/index.php/sipaer/index

O contedo e as opinies expressas nos textos publicados so de inteira responsabilidade de seus autores. O peridico ter direitos autorais reservados sobre os trabalhos publicados sendo permitida a reproduo ou transcrio com a devida citao da fonte. Nenhum conceito emitido deve ser utilizado diretamente na atividade area caso contrarie legislao, regulamentao ou manual de vo emitido ou certificado por autoridade competente.

   
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