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Pronomes Pessoais
I You He She It We You They (Eu) (Voc) (Ele) (Ela) (Ele ou Ela) no humano (Ns) (Vocs) (Eles ou Elas) para tudo

To Be (Ser ou Estar)
Estruturas: Afirmativa: (Sujeito + am / are / is + Complemento) Negativa: (Sujeito + am not / arent / isnt + Complemento)
Interrogativa: (Am / Are / Is + Sujeito + Complemento?)

Afirmativa I You He She It We You They am are is is is are are are (Eu sou) (Voc ) (Ele ) (Ela ) (Ele ou Ela ) (Ns somos) (Vocs so) (Eles ou elas so)

Negativa am not arent isnt isnt isnt arent arent arent

Interrogativa Am I? Are You? Is He? Is She? Is It? Are We? Are You? Are They?

Exemplos: Afir.: The toll is new (A ferramenta nova.) Neg: The toll isnt new (A ferramenta no nova.) Int.: Is the toll new? (A ferramenta nova?)

Simple Present
To Do (fazer) na Interrogativa e na Negativa ou Verbo com: ( ES / IES / S ) na Afirmativa.
Estruturas: (Sujeito + Verbo c/ ES (3 pessoa) + Complemento) Afirmativa: Negativa: (Sujeito + Dont ou Doesnt (3 pessoa) + Verbo (padro) + Complemento) Interrogativa: (Do ou Does (3 pessoa) + Sujeito + Verbo (padro) + Complemento?) Exemplos utilizando o verbo To Solve (consertar) Afirmativa I You He She It We You They solve solve solves solves solves solve solve solve (Eu concerto) (Voc conserta) (Ele conserta) (Ela conserta) (Ele / Ela conserta) (Ns consertamos) (Vocs consertam) (Eles / Elas consertam) Negativa ... dont solve ... dont solve doesnt solve doesnt solve doesnt solve dont solve ... dont solve ... dont solve Interrogativa Do I solve? Do You solve? Does He solve? Does She solve? Does It solve? Do We solve? Do You solve? Do They solve?

Verbos terminados com SS, SH, CH, X, Z, O = adiciona-se ES (3 pessoa do singular) Verbos terminados em Y = precedido de consoante se muda o Y por I + ES, ex.: study = studies caso o Y venha precedido de vogal conserva o Y e acrescenta-se o S , ex.: buy = buys Excees = To Fix = fixes To Kiss = kisses To Foot = feet To Tooth = teeth

Exemplos do Simple Present: Af: Neg: Int: Af: Neg: Int: It runs very fast (Ele funciona muito rpido) It doesnt run very fast Does it run very fast? To do: She studies (Ela estuda.) / To be: She is study (Ela estudante.) She doesnt study. Does she study?

Presente Continuo
To Be + Verbo com ( ING ).
Estruturas: ( Sujeito + To Be + Verbo c/ ING + Complemento ) Afirmativa: Negativa: ( Sujeito + am not / arent / isnt + Verbo c/ ING + Complemento ) Interrogativa: ( Am / Are / Is + Sujeito + Verbo c/ ING + Complemento? ) Exemplos utilizando o verbo To Wash (lavar): Afirmativa I You He She It We You They am are is is is are are are washing (Eu estou lavando) washing (Voc est lavando) washing (Ele est lavando) washing (Ela est lavando) washing (Eles / Elas esto lavando) washing (Ns estamos lavando) washing (Vocs esto lavando) washing (Eles / Elas esto lavando) Negativa am not washing arent washing isnt washing isnt washing ... isnt washing arent washing arent washing arent washing Interrogativa Am I washing? Are You washing? Is He washing? Is She washing? Is It washing? Are We washing? Are You washing? Are They washing?

Quando o verbo termina com a letra E mudo, o E ser substitudo pelo ING ex: Love = loving / hate = hating / Make = making / bite = biting

Verbos no C.V.C (consoante, vogal e consoante) exceto H, W, X eY dobra a ultima consoante e acrescenta-se o ING. ex: Get = Getting / Put = Putting Admit = admitting / Run = Running

/ Begin = Beginning

Verbos terminados em IE, o E ser retirado e o I modificado pelo Y antes do ING. ex.: lie = lying / die = dying

Exemplos Compartivos: Presente Simples: - She washes (Ela lava) Presente Continuo: - She is washing (Ela est lavando) Presente Simples: - She doesnt wash (Ela no lava) Presente Continuo: - She isnt washing (Ela no est lavando) Presente Simples: - Do she wash? (Ela lava?) Presente Continuo: - Is she washing? (Ela est lavando?) Outros exemplos de Presente Continuo: Af: Neg: Int: Af: Joana is singing now. (Joana est cantando agora) - ( to sing) Joana isnt singing now. Is Joana singing now? They are sitting down. ( Eles esto sentando.) ( to sit)

Neg: Int:

They arent sitting. Are They sitting?

Passado Simples
Was (3 pessoa) / Were - ( era / foi / estava ) ou seja, verbo to be no passado.
Estruturas: ( Sujeito + Was (3 pessoa) / Were + Complemento ) Afirmativa: Negativa: ( Sujeito + wasnt (3 pessoa) / werent + Complemento ) Interrogativa: ( Was (3 pessoa) / Were + Sujeito + Complemento?)

Afirmativa I You He She It We You They was were was was was were were were

Negativa wasnt werent wasnt wasnt wasnt werent werent werent

Interrogativa Was I? Were You? Was He? Was She? Was It? Were We? Were You? Were They?

Exemplos Comparativos: Presente Simples: I am at Senai. (Eu estou no Senai) Passado Simples: I was at Senai. (Eu estava no Senai). Presente Simples: I am not at Senai. (Eu no estou no Senai) Passado Simples: I wasnt at Senai. (Eu no estava no Senai). Presente Simples: Am I at Senai? (Eu estou no Senai?) Passado Simples: Was I at Senai? (Eu estava no Senai?). Outros Exemplos do Passado Simples: Af: He was the worker (Ele era trabalhador) Neg: He wasnt the worker. Int: Was He the worker? Af: They were very good. (Eles estavam muito bem) Neg: They werent very good. Int: Were they very good?

Passado Contnuo
Was (3 pessoa) / Were - ( era / foi / estava ) + Verbo com: ( ING ).
Estruturas: ( Sujeito + Was (3 pessoa) / Were + Verbo c/ ING + Complemento ) Afirmativa: Negativa: ( Sujeito + wast (3 pessoa) / werent + Verbo c/ ING + Complemento ) Interrogativa: ( Was (3 pessoa) / Were + Sujeito + Verbo c/ ING + Complemento? ) Exemplos utilizando o verbo To Play (jogar): Afirmativa I You He She It We You They was were was was was were were were playing (Eu estava jogando) playing (Voc estava jogando) playing (Ele estava jogando) playing (Ela estava jogando) playing (Eles/Elas estavam jogando) playing (Ns estvamos jogando) playing (Vocs estavam jogando) playing (Eles/Elas estavam jogando) Negativa wasnt werent wasnt wasnt ... wasnt werent werent werent playing playing playing playing playing playing playing playing Interrogativa Was I playing? Were You playing? Was He playing? Was She playing? Was It playing? Were We playing? Were You playing? Were They playing?

Quando o verbo termina com a letra E mudo, o E ser substitudo pelo ING ex: Love = loving / hate = hating / Make = making / bite = biting

Verbos no C.V.C (consoante, vogal e consoante) exceto H, W, X eY dobra a ultima consoante e acrescenta-se o ING. ex: Get = Getting / Put = Putting Admit = admitting / Run = Running

/ Begin = Beginning

Verbos terminados em IE, o E ser retirado e o I modificado pelo Y antes do ING. ex.: lie = lying / die = dying

Exemplos Comparativos: Presente Continuo: - We are talking ( - Ns estamos falando) Passado Continuo: - We were talking ( - Ns estvamos falando) Presente Continuo: - We arent talking ( - Ns no estamos falando) Passado Continuo: - We werent talking ( - Ns no estvamos falando) Presente Continuo: - Are We talking? ( - Ns estamos falando?) Passado Continuo: - Were We talking?( - Ns estvamos falando?) Outros exemplos do Passado Continuo: Af.: There were working at Senai. (Eles estavam trabalhando no Senai) Neg: There werent working at Senai.

Int: Were there working at Senai?

Simple Past
Did (To do - no passado) na Interrogativa e na Negativa ou Verbo com: ( ED / IED / D ) na Afirmativa.

Estruturas: ( Sujeito + Verbo no passado + Complemento ) Afirmativa: Negativa: ( Sujeito + didnt + Verbo no passado + Complemento ) Interrogativa: ( Did + Sujeito + Verbo no passado + Complemento? ) Exemplos utilizando o verbo To Call (Chamar): Afirmativa I You He She It We You They called (Eu chamei) called (Voc chamou) called (Ele chamou) called (Ela chamou) called (Eles/Elas chamaram) called (Ns chamvamos) called (Vocs chamaram) called (Eles/Elas chamaram) Negativa didnt didnt didnt didnt didnt didnt didnt didnt call call call call call call call call Interrogativa Did I call? Did You call? Did He call? Did She call? Did It call? Did We call? Did You call? Did They call?

Verbos regulares:

Verbos regulares acrescenta-se ED no final

ex: Lead = Leaded / Play = Played / Love = Loved / Fix = Fixed Todo verbo regular que terminado em Y precedido de consoante, retira-se o Y e coloca IED ex: Study = Studied / Try = Tried Verbos irregulares: No tem regras sofre variaes na escrita ex: Go = Went / Run = Ran / Find = Found

Exemplos Comparativos: Passado Continuo: - He was talking ( - Ele estava falando) Simple Past: - He talked ( - Ele falou) Passado Continuo: - He wasnt talking ( - Ele no estava falando) Simple Past: - He didnt talk ( - Ele no falou) Passado Continuo: - Was He talking?( - Ele estava falando?) Simple Past: - Did He talk? ( - Ele falou?)

Outros exemplos do Simple Past: Af.: The Technical tried to fix the car. (O tcnico tentou consertar o carro) Neg: The Technical didnt try to fix the car. Int: Did the Technical try to fix the car? Alguns Verbos Regulares: Answer = Answered Ask = Asked Broken = Brokened Burn = Burned Call = Called Change = Changed Charge = Charged Close = Closed Conduct = Conducted Dance = Danced Die = Died Fit = Fitted Fix = Fixed Guide = Guided Help = Helped Happen = Happened Inspect = Inspected Invite = Invited Lead = Leaded Like = Liked Live = Lived (responder) (perguntar) (quebrar) (queimar) (chamar) (mudar / trocar) (carregar) - bateria (fechar / aproximar) (conduzir) (danar) (morrer) (otimizar) (consertar) (guiar) (socorrer) (acontecer) (inspecionar) (convidar) (liderar / conduzir) (gostar) (morar) Load = Loaded Look = Looked Love = Loved Open = Opened Play = Played Prefer = Preferred Solve = Solved Start = Started Stay = Stayed Stop = Stopped Study = Studied Thank = Thanked Travel = Traveled Try = Tried Use = Used Walk = Walked Warm = Warmed Wash = Washed Work = Worked Write = Writed (carregar) - leitura (olhar) (amar) (abrir) (jogar) (preferir) (resolver) (iniciar) (ficar) (parar) (estudar) (agradeer) (viajar) (tentar) (usar) (andar) (aquecer) (lavar) (trabalhar) (escrever)

Alguns Verbos Irregulares: Be = Was Become = Became Begin = Began Break = Broke Bring = Brought Buy = Bought Cut = Cut Do = Did Drink = Drank Eat = Ate Feed = Fed Fight = Fought Find = Found Get = Got Give = Gave Go = Went Have = Had (estar) (ficar) (comear) (brecar / frear) (trazer) (comprar) (cortar) (fazer) (beber) (comer) (alimentar) (lutar / brigar) (encontrar) (acordar) (dar) (ir) (ter) Know = Know Lie = Lay Make = Made Put = Put Read = Read Run = Ran See = Saw Shurt = Shurt Sing = Sang Sit = Sat Sleep = Slept Speak = Spoke Spend = Spent Spin = Spun Swim = Swam Take = Took Take out = Took out (saber) (mentir) (fazer) (colocar) (ler) (funcionar) (ver) (desligar) (cantar) (sentar) (dormir) (falar) (aproveitar / gastar) (girar) (nadar) (pegar / tirar / tomar) (tirar)

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Hold = Held

(segurar / sustentar
/ prender)

Write = Wrote

(escrever)

Futuro Simples
Will
Estruturas: ( Sujeito + will + Verbo (padro) + Complemento ) Afirmativa: Negativa: ( Sujeito + wont + Verbo (padro) + Complemento ) Interrogativa: ( Will + Sujeito + Verbo (padro) + Complemento? ) Exemplos utilizando o verbo To Study (Estudar): Afirmativa I You He She It We You They will study (Eu estudarei) will study (Voc estudar) will study (Ele estudar) will study (Ela estudar) will study (Ele / Ela estudar) will study (Ns estudaremos) will study (Vocs estudaro) will study (Eles / Elas estudaro) Negativa wont study wont study wont study wont study wont study wont study wont study wont study Interrogativa Will I study? Will You study? Will He study? Will She study? Will It study? Will We study? Will You study? Will They study?

Exemplos Comparativos: Simple Past: - He talked ( - Ele falou) Futuro Simples He will talk ( - Ele falar) Simple Past: - He didnt talk ( - Ele no falou) Fututo Simples He wont talk ( - Ele no falar) Simple Past: - Did He talk? ( - Ele falou?) Futuro Simples Will He talk? ( - Ele falar?) Outros exemplos do Futuro Simples: Af.: The Technical will try to fix the car. (O tcnico tentar consertar o carro) Neg: The Technical wont try to fix the car. Int: Will the Technical try to fix the car? Af.: I will fix the motor tomorrow. ( Eu consertarei o motor amanh) Neg: I wont fix the motor tomorrow. Int: Will I fix the motor tomorrow? Af.: He will take the motor after to the lab ( Ele levar o motor depois para o laboratotio) Neg: He wont take the motor after to the lab Int: Will He take the motor after to the lab?

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Comparativo
Igualdade
Estrutura: Ex.:

( as . . . as )

( Sujeito + To Be + as + Adj (padro) + as + Complemento )

Joo is as tall as Mrio ( Joo to alto quanto Mrio ) Junior is as old as Sebastian (Junior to velho quanto Sebastian) The gear GM is as slow as the Vw ( O cmbio da GM to lento quanto da VW ) My friends are as great as the my brother. (Meus amigos so to legais quanto do meu irmo )

Superioridade ( ER / IER ) - para Adjetivos Curtos

Estrutura: Ex.: ( Sujeito + To Be + Adj (er / ier) + Than + Complemento )

Salvador is bigger than Feira de Santana ( Salvador maior do que Feira de Santana ) Joana is fatter than Maria ( Joana mais gorda do que Maria ) My tools are newer than yours. ( Minhas ferramentas so mais novas do que as suas )

Todo adjetivo curto terminado em Y precedido de uma consoante retira-se o Y e acrescenta-se o IER Todo adjetivo curto nos quais as ultimas letras forrem CVC dobra-se a ultima letra e acrescentas ER.

Superioridade
Estrutura: Ex.:

( MORE ) para Adjetivos Longos

( Sujeito + To Be + More + Adj (padro) + Than + Complemento )

Joana is more beautiful than Carla. ( Joana mais bonita do que Carla ) The part new is more resistant than the old ( A pea nova mais resistente do que a velha )

O adjetivo longo continua na sua forma primaria e precede com MORE indicando MAIS e sempre aps o THAN que indica DO QUE.

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Inferioridade( LESS ) para todos os Adjetivos

Estrutura: Ex.: ( Sujeito + To Be + Less + Adj (padro) + Than + Complemento )

The tire Michelan is less resistant than the Pirelli. (O pneu da Michelan menos resistente do que da Pirelli ) Joana is less happy than Carla ( Joana menos feliz do que Carla )

Superlativo
Adjetivos Curtos ( EST / IEST )
Estrutura: Ex.: ( Sujeito + To Be + Adj (est / iest ) + Complemento )

Salvador is the biggest city ( Salvador a maior cidade ) The Ferrari is the best car ( A Ferrari o melhor carro ) My car is the fastest ( Meu carro o mais rpido ) Julia is the prettiest woman ( Julia a mulher mais linda )

Todo adjetivo curto terminado em Y precedido de uma consoante retira-se o Y e acrescenta-se o IEST Todo adjetivo curto nos quais as ultimas letras forrem CVC dobra-se a ultima letra e acrescentas EST

Adjetivos Longos ( MOST )

Estrutura: Ex.: ( Sujeito + To Be + most + Adj (padro) + Complemento ) My dog is the most beautiful ( Meu cachorro o mais bonito ) The Ferrari is the most beautiful car ( A Ferrari o carro mais bonito ) O adjetivo longo continua na sua forma primaria e precede com MOST indicando MAIS e alguns adjetivos mudam a sua estrutura. Exemplos de adjetivos: Adj = comparative = superlativo bad = worse = the worst (o pior)

Happy = happier = hppiest (alegre / feliz)

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Good = better = the best (o melhor)

bid = bigger = biggest (o maior)

Plurais
Todos recebem S exceto terminados em X, O, H e S que recebem ES. Box = boxes (caixas) / Watch = watches (relgios) Terminados em Y precedio de consoante perdem o Y e recebe IES City = Cities. (cidades)

Plurais irregulares:
Foot = feet (ps) Person = People (pessoas) Exemplo: He was the worker (Ele era trabalhador) They were the workers (Eles eram trabalhadores) The part is good (A pea boa) The parts are good (As peas so boas) There is a bus at Senai (Existe um nibus no Senai) There are some buses at Senai (Existem uns nibus no Senai) The person and the child have tooth. (A pessoa e a criana tm dentes) The people and the children have teeth. (As pessoas e as crianas tm dentes) Presente Simples: (To do): He Works = Ele trabalha Presente Continuo (ing): - He is working = Ele est trabalhando Passado Continuo (Was): - He was working = Ele estava trabalhando / / Tooth = teeth (dentes) Child = children (crianas)

Alguns Lembretes:
The = o, a, os, as At = no, na, nos, nas Some = a ou an no plural (uns, umas ou algumas). A ou An = um, uma, uns, umas (utiliza-se a antes de consoante e an antes de vogal) Ex.: an orange / a bus there was = havia there were = existiam 15

there is = there are =

By = Over = Behind = Across = Left to = In front of = Near =

existe existem
por (atravs) por cima por trs (atrs) atravs esquerda de em frente de(a) perto Inside = Out side = Bellow = Between = Right to = Be side of = dentro fora por baixo entre (duas pessoas) direita de ao lado de(a)

Always = sempre Usually = habitualmente After ou frequently = freqentemente Boyfriend = namorado From = New Now = = de novo agora onde quando por que (razo) como

Never = nunca Sometimes = s vezes Seldom ou rarely = raramente Girlfriend = namorada To = para notcia

News =

Where = When = Why = How =

What = Who = With = Because =

qual, o que quem com porque (p/ respostas)

Tomorrow = amanh Next week = proxima semana Next year = proximo ano Clean = limpo Dirty = sujo Big = grande Small = pequeno Bigger = maior Good = bom Better = melhor Bad = mau Worse = pior Ugly = feio Beautiful = bonito Hungry = faminto Weak = fraco
Bench Box Engine Friends Gear Good

Yesterday = ontem Next month = proximo ms

Dry = seco Wet = molhado Short = baixo (curto) High = alto

Fast ou quick = rpido Slow = devagar New = novo Old = velho

Cheap = barato Expensive = caro

Clear = claro Dark = escuro

Young = novo (pessoa) New = novo Pretty = Linda Easy = fcil

banco (de praa) caixa engrenagem amigos cmbio bom, Deus Square Fine Business Wall Engineer All

Happy = feliz Angry = zangado Fat = gordo Fatter = mais gordo

praa bem negocios parede engenheiro todo

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Machine Motor Part Rope Technical Tire Tool Worker

mquina motor pea correia, corda tcnico pneu ferramenta trabalhando

Neighborhood Out Just Together There Power engine How Trouble

bairro saindo exatamente junto existe engrenagem de fora como problema

Simple Present Afirmativa: (Sujeito + Verbo c/ ES (3 pessoa) + complemento) Negativa: (Sujeito + Dont ou Doesnt (3 pessoa) + Verbo (padro) + Complemento) Interrogativa: (Do ou Does (3 pessoa) + Sujeito + Verbo (padro) + Complemento?) Verbos terminados com SS, SH, CH, X, Z, O = adiciona-se ES (3 pessoa do singular) Verbos terminados em Y = precedido de consoante se muda o Y por I + ES, caso o Y venha precedido de vogal conserva o Y e acrescenta-se o S , Excees = To Fix = fixes To Kiss = kisses To Foot = feet To Tooth = teeth Presente Continuo Afirmativa: (Sujeito + To Be + Verbo c/ ING + Complemento ) Negativa: (Sujeito + am not / arent / isnt + Verbo c/ ING + Complemento ) Interrogativa: ( Am / Are / Is + Sujeito + Verbo c/ ING + Complemento? ) Passado Contnuo Afirmativa: ( Sujeito + Was (3 pessoa) / Were + Verbo c/ ING + Complemento ) Negativa: ( Sujeito + wast (3 pessoa) / werent + Verbo c/ ING + Complemento ) Interrogativa: ( Was (3 pessoa) / Were + Sujeito + Verbo c/ ING + Complemento? ) Quando o verbo termina com a letra E mudo, o E ser substitudo pelo ING Verbos no C.V.C (consoante, vogal e consoante) exceto H, W, X eY dobra a ultima consoante e acrescenta-se o ING. Verbos terminados em IE, o E ser retirado e o I modificado pelo Y antes do ING. Simple Past Afirmativa: ( Sujeito + Verbo no passado + Complemento ) Negativa: ( Sujeito + didnt + Verbo no passado + Complemento ) Interrogativa: ( Did + Sujeito + Verbo no passado + Complemento? ) Verbos regulares: Verbos regulares acrescenta-se ED no final Todo verbo regular que terminado em Y precedido de consoante, retira-se o Y e coloca IED Verbos irregulares: No tem regras sofre variaes na escrita

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Futuro Simples Afirmativa:( Sujeito + will + Verbo (padro) + Complemento ) Negativa: ( Sujeito + wont + Verbo (padro) + Complemento ) Interrogativa:( Will + Sujeito + Verbo (padro) + Complemento? )

Comparativo

Igualdade ( as . . . as ) Estrutura: ( Sujeito + To Be + as + Adj (padro) + as + Complemento )

Superioridade ( ER / IER ) - para Adjetivos Curtos Estrutura: ( Sujeito + To Be + Adj (er / ier) + Than + Complemento )

Superioridade( MORE ) para Adjetivos

Longos Estrutura: ( Sujeito + To Be + More + Adj (padro) + Than + Complemento )

Inferioridade ( LESS ) para todos os

Adjetivos Estrutura: ( Sujeito + To Be + Less + Adj (padro) + Than + Complemento ) Superlativo

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 Adjetivos Curtos ( EST / IEST ) Estrutura: ( Sujeito + To Be + Adj (est / iest ) + Complemento ) Todo adjetivo curto terminado em Y precedido de uma consoante retira-se o Y e acrescenta-se o IEST Todo adjetivo curto nos quais as ultimas letras forrem CVC dobra-se a ultima letra e acrescentas EST Adjetivos Longos ( MOST ) Estrutura: ( Sujeito + To Be + most + Adj (padro) + Complemento )

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