Directions: Look at the chart in Text I. Read the transcript and answer questions 01 and 02 accordingly. The Global Trends Survey To what extent, if at FR iain your generation will have had a better or worse life than your parents’ generation, orwilitbe about the same? Koy mmm Sea pe one iss Questao 01 TEXT I Pour a nownz eemen EGR m7 SD borhan Transcript: Q: To what extent, if at all, do you feel that your generation will have had a better or worse life than your parent’s generation, or will it be about the same? (Adapted from https.//www.ipsos.com/en-uk/. Accessed on March 28, 2022.) i ol Key: Better Total Great Britain Under 30s 1 China 78% 2__| Brazil 48% 3__| Turkey 471% 4 India 46% 5 Japan 41% 6 | Russia 41% 7 |S. Africa 41% T_| Total 37% 8__| Argentina 34% 9 | Sweden 32% 10 _| Australia 30% 11_| Germany 30% 12 | Poland 30% 13 | S. Korea 27% 14 | US 26% 15 | Canada 24% 16 | GB 22% 17_| Italy 21% 18 | Spain 16% 19 | France 16% 20 | Belgium 12% 01 - Mark the option in which the information DISAGREES with the chart. a) Almost a quarter of Canadian youth feel that their future living conditions will improve. b) India, Brazil and Turkey are more pessimistic than optimistic for their young compared to the US. c) The young in China are more likely to think things will be better rather than worse. d) Belgium, Spain and France ranked towards the bottom. A informacao que esta em discordancia com o grafico 6 a de que os jovens da india, do Brasil e da Turquia sdo mais pessimistas do que otimistas se comparados com os dos EUA. Os indices de otimismo desses paises representam quase o dobro do mesmo indice dos EVA. Gabarito: BQuestao 02 Directions: Look at the chart in Text |. Read the transcript and answer questions 01 and 02 accordingly. TEXT! The Global Trends Survey nde 368 Feist eae hina a ache tectine oT carpus od Trey Ye haa hee of — vos manne wo —— parents’ generation, a] in a —— same — —F ‘secon ne Cena i — —— Us Key mmm sees Cade o— i aly feet Sein a face = Belgium aaa 10a on (Adapted from https://www.ipsos.com/en-uk/. Accessed on March 28, 2022.) Transcript: Q: To what extent, if at all, do you feel that your generation will have had a better or worse life than your parent’s generation, or will it be about the same? Key: Better Total Great Britain Under 30s jl China 78% 2__| Brazil 48% 3 | Turkey 47% 4 India 46% 5 Japan 41% 6 | Russia 41% 7_| S.Africa 41% T_| Total 37% 8 | Argentina 34% 9 | Sweden 32% 10_| Australia 30% 11 | Germany 30% 12 | Poland 30% 13 | S. Korea 27% 14 | US 26% 15 | Canada 24% 16 | GB 22% 17_| Italy 21% 18 | Spain 16% 19 | France 16% 20 | Belgium 12% 02- The verb tense used in your generation will have had a better or worse life a) shows that something will be in progress at a particular moment in the future. b) refers to something that will be looked back on at a certain time in the future. ¢) is used to talk about actions that will continue for a period of time in the future. d) can be used to talk about intentions and plans that will happen in the future. Gabarito: B O tempo verbal em “your generation will have had a better or worse life” (Future Perfect) refere-se a algo que tera ocorrido antes de um determinado tempo no futuro e que é visto como algo anterior a esse momento.Questao 03 Directions: Read Text Il and answer question 03 accordingly. TEXT Il It was the best of times, it was the worst of times, it was the age of wisdom, it was the age of foolishness, it was the epoch of belief, it was the epoch of incredulity, it was the season of Light, it was the season of Darkness, it 5 was the spring of hope, it was the winter of despair, we had everything before us, we had nothing before us, we were all going direct to Heaven, we were alll going the other way — in short, the period was so far like the present period, that some of its noisiest authorities insisted on its 10 being received, for good or for evil, in the superlative degree of comparison only. (DICKENS, Charles. A Tale of Two Cities. Penguin Books, 1994.) 03- The extract above a) develops the idea that nothing is as it seems. b) presents an account of a series of recent contentions. c) suggests that there is room for debate on the level of comparisons presented. d) establishes an analogy between the past and the time in which a story takes place. Gabarito: D O trecho estabelece uma analogia entre o passado e o tempo no qual uma historia ocorre, como se verifica no trecho final “in short, the period was so far like the present period, that some of its noisiest authorities insisted on its being received, for good or for evil, in the superlative degree of comparison only”Questao 04 Directions: Read Text Ill and answer question 04 and 05 accordingly. TEXT Ill Franval who lived in Paris, where he was born, possessed, along with an income of 400,000 livres, the finest figure, the most pleasant face and the most varied talents; but beneath this attractive exterior lay hidden 5 every vice, and unfortunately those of which the adoption and habitual indulgence lead so rapidly to crime. An imagination more unbridled than anything one can depict was Franval's prime defect; men of this kind do not mend their ways, the decline of power makes them worse; the 10 less they do, the more they undertake; the less they achieve, the more they invent; each age brings new ideas, and satiety, far from cooling their ardour, only prepares the way for more fatal refinements. (SADE, Marquis de. The Gothic Tales of the Marquis de Sade. 2000.) 04 - Franval possesses the following feature(s), EXCEPT a) his looks are second to none. b) no other figure is on a par with his. ¢) the aptitude to perform activities of different kinds d) his personality traits correspond to his appearance. Gabarito: D Nao é correto afirmar que os tracos de personalidade de Franval correspondessem a sua aparéncia, como se |é no trecho “Franval [...] possessed [...] the most pleasant face and the most varied talents; but beneath this attractive exterior lay hidden every vice [...]’.Questao 05 Directions: Read Text Ill and answer question 04 and 05 accordingly. 10 TEXT Ill Franval who lived in Paris, where he was born, possessed, along with an income of 400,000 livres, the finest figure, the most pleasant face and the most varied talents; but beneath this attractive exterior lay hidden every vice, and unfortunately those of which the adoption and habitual indulgence lead so rapidly to crime. An imagination more unbridled than anything one can depict was Franval'’s prime defect; men of this kind do not mend their ways, the decline of power makes them worse: the less they do, the more they undertake; the less they achieve, the more they invent; each age brings new ideas, and satiety, far from cooling their ardour, only prepares the way for more fatal refinements. (SADE, Marquis de. The Gothic Tales of the Marquis de Sade. 2000.) 05 - A similarity between Text I! and Text Ill can be found in the following aspect(s): a) consolation and hope of a better, but unchanging future. b) a full description of the main characters’ motivations. ¢c) pairings of contrasting concepts that reflect duality. d) a combination of tension, action and violence. Gabarito: C Uma semelhanga entre os textos Il e Ill reside na citagao de pares de conceitos contrastantes que refletem dualidade.Questao 06 Directions: Read Text IV and answer questions 06, 07 and 08 accordingly. TEXT IV | know I shall meet my fate Somewhere among the clouds above; Those that | fight | do not hate, Those that I guard | do not love; 5 My country is Kiltartan Cross, My countrymen Kiltartan’s poor, No likely end could bring them loss Or leave them happier than before. Nor law, nor duty bade’ me fight, 10 Nor public men, nor cheering crowds, A lonely impulse of delight Drove to this tumult in the clouds; | balanced all, brought all to mind, The years to come seemed waste of breath, 15 Awaste of breath the years behind In balance with this life, this death. (YEATS, W.B. An Irish Airman Foresees His Death in Rhyme and Reason, An Anthology. Org. O'MALLEY, Raymond. Hart- Davis Educational.) Vocabulary: 1. Bid (bade, bidden): to tell somebody to do something. 06 - In Text IV, the following phrase refers to dying: a) meet my fate. b) waste of breath. c) tumult in the clouds. d) impulse of delight. Gabarito: A A frase que se refere a morrer (“dying”) @ “meet my fate” (encontrar meu destino).Questao 07 Directions: Read Text IV and answer questions 06, 07 and 08 accordingly. TEXT IV | know | shall meet my fate Somewhere among the clouds above; Those that I fight | do not hate, Those that I guard | do not love; 5 My country is Kiltartan Cross, My countrymen Kiltartan’s poor, No likely end could bring them loss Or leave them happier than before. Nor law, nor duty bade’ me fight, 10 Nor public men, nor cheering crowds, A lonely impulse of delight Drove to this tumult in the clouds; | balanced all, brought all to mind, The years to come seemed waste of breath, 15 A waste of breath the years behind In balance with this life, this death. (YEATS, W.B. An Irish Airman Foresees His Death in Rayme and Reason, An Anthology. Org. O'MALLEY, Raymond. Hart- Davis Educational.) Vocabulary: 1. Bid (bade, bidden): to tell somebody to do something. 07 - According to lines 7 and 8 people will a) express hope of making it through war. b) be encouraged to fight for Kiltartan Cross. c) remain oblivious to the outcome of the war. d) be aware of the dangers they might face. Gabarito: C De acordo com as linhas 7 e 8, as pessoas permanecerao indiferentes aos resultados da guerra, como se |é no trecho “No likely end could bring them loss or leave them happier than before.” (Nenhum provavel final poderia trazer-lhes perda ou torna-los mais felizes do que antes).Questao 08 Directions: Read Text IV and answer questions 06, 07 and 08 accordingly. TEXT IV | know | shall meet my fate Somewhere among the clouds above; Those that I fight | do not hate, Those that I guard | do not love; 5 My country is Kiltartan Cross, My countrymen Kiltartan’s poor, No likely end could bring them loss Or leave them happier than before. Nor law, nor duty bade’ me fight, 10 Nor public men, nor cheering crowds, A lonely impulse of delight Drove to this tumult in the clouds; | balanced all, brought all to mind, The years to come seemed waste of breath, 15 Awaste of breath the years behind In balance with this life, this death. (YEATS, W.B. An Irish Airman Foresees His Death in Rhyme and Reason, An Anthology. Org. O'MALLEY, Raymond. Hart- Davis Educational.) Vocabulary: 1. Bid (bade, bidden): to tell somebody to do something. 08 - Lines 9-12 imply that the speaker is a) willing to risk his life to win honor and glory. b) fighting for the sheer pleasure and exhilaration of it. c) motivated by the desire to protect his fellow citizens. d) daydreaming about moving through the clouds. Gabarito: B As linhas de 9 a 12 dao a entender que o narrador esta combatendo por puro prazer e deleite, como se infere pelo proprio trecho mencionado (“Nem lei, nem obrigagao me fez lutar, / Nem homens publicos, nem multiddes vibrantes, / Um solitario impulso de deleite / [Me] levou a esse tumulto nas nuvens”.Questao 09 Directions: Read Text V and answer questions 09, 10 and 11 accordingly. TEXT V Oh, I’ve just come from the land of the sun From a war that must be won In the name of truth With our soldiers so brave 5 Your freedom we will save With our rifles and grenades And some help from God | want to see my family My wife and child waiting for me 10 ‘I've got to go home Pve been so alone you see You just can't believe The joy | did receive When | finally got my leave 15 And 1 was going home Oh, | flew through the sky My convictions could not lie For my country | would die And | will see it soon 20 When | walked through the door My wife she laid upon the floor And with tears her eyes were sore | did not know why Then | looked into her hand 25 And I saw the telegram Said that | was a brave, brave man But that | was dead (SUMMER, Berard; GILBERT, Gillian; HOOK, Peter; MORRIS, Stephen. Lyrics to Love Vigilantes, performed by New Order, Low Life CD, track 1, Universal Music Publishing Group, 1986. Taken from https:/lyricfind.com) 09- Read the statements below considering the aspects of grammar and meaning of Text V. |. The war referred by the speaker is over. Il. The speaker had been conscripted to engage in combat. lll. Some parts of speech were left out of the phrase in line 4 IV. The use of the auxiliary verb in line 13 is substandard. V. The noun in line 17 is a false cognate The only correct statements are a) landll b) land V. c) land Ill d) Il and lv. Gabarito: C Apenas as afirmacoes Il e Ill estao corretas.Questao 10 Directions: Read Text V and answer questions 09, 10 and 11 accordingly. TEXT V Oh, I’ve just come from the land of the sun. From a war that must be won In the name of truth With our soldiers so brave 5 Your freedom we will save With our rifles and grenades And some help from God | want to see my family My wife and child waiting for me 10 ‘I've got to go home Pve been so alone you see You just can't believe The joy | did receive When | finally got my leave 15 And 1 was going home Oh, | flew through the sky My convictions could not lie For my country | would die And | will see it soon 20 When | walked through the door My wife she laid upon the floor And with tears her eyes were sore | did not know why Then | looked into her hand 25 And | saw the telegram Said that | was a brave, brave man But that | was dead (SUMMER, Berard; GILBERT, Gillian; HOOK, Peter; MORRIS, Stephen. Lyrics to Love Vigilantes, performed by New Order, Low Life CD, track 1, Universal Music Publishing Group, 1986. Taken from https:/lyricfind.com) 10~- The following sentence shows an instance of colloquial language: a) | have got to go home. b) | have been so alone. c) | did not know why. d) | want to see my family. Gabarito: A Um exemplo de linguagem coloquial é “/ have got to go home.”.Questao 11 Directions: Read Text V and answer questions 09, 10 and 11 accordingly. TEXT V Oh, I’ve just come from the land of the sun. From a war that must be won In the name of truth With our soldiers so brave 5 Your freedom we will save With our rifles and grenades And some help from God | want to see my family My wife and child waiting for me 10 ‘I've got to go home Pve been so alone you see You just can't believe The joy | did receive When | finally got my leave 15 And 1 was going home Oh, | flew through the sky My convictions could not lie For my country | would die And | will see it soon 20 When | walked through the door My wife she laid upon the floor And with tears her eyes were sore | did not know why Then | looked into her hand 25 And I saw the telegram Said that | was a brave, brave man But that | was dead (SUMMER, Berard; GILBERT, Gillian; HOOK, Peter; MORRIS, Stephen. Lyrics to Love Vigilantes, performed by New Order, Low Life CD, track 1, Universal Music Publishing Group, 1986. Taken from https:/lyricfind.com) 11- Whose characteristic is described below? Write 4 for the speaker in Text IV, and 5 for the speaker in Text V. ) He is driven by a patriotic fervor ) He is fighting because he cares who wins. ) He is believed to have been killed in action. ) Nothing else in his life seems worth pursuing. ) He considers aspects of his past, present and future. Now, mark the correct option a) 5/5/5/4/4 b) 5/5/4/4/5 c) 4/4/5/5/4 d) 4/4/4/5/5 Gabarito: A Asequéncia que descreve as caracteristicas dos narradores dos textos IV e V, respectivamente, €5/5/5/4/4.Questao 12 Directions: Read Text VI and answer questions 12, 13, 14, 15 and 16 accordingly. TEXT VI Elon Musk, the CEO of SpaceX and Tesla, caused something of a stir at the annual Air Force Association's Air Warfare Symposium in Orlando, Florida. During an informal ‘fireside chat’ with Lt. Gen. John Thompson of 5 Space Command on Friday, Musk told a room packed with fighter pilots that “the fighter jet era has passed”. Now, Musk is renowned for finding soundbites for the media to hook onto, and also of causing calculated disruption in his target audience, but even by his 10 standards this is a well-baited line. What makes this such a bold and controversial statement? The contemporary battlefield is far more networked, complex, congested and lethal — it's those that adapt that will survive. Simply being ‘a good stick’ will rapidly no 15 longer cut it in the hostile skies of the future. Musk’s main thrust is, however, that the human in the cockpit is the limiting factor in air combat now, not the advantage. Firstly, humans are awkward for aircraft designers to 20 accommodate. In a modern fighter the pilot sits on an ejection seat for emergency escape, needs an oxygen supply and air-conditioning to function at extremes of temperature and altitude, and requires flight controls and instruments to fly and fight the machine. All of these add 25 a significant amount of weight and cost into the aircraft. Moreover, having a transparent canopy to permit the crew to see out does little to improve signature management" as radar cross section and the chances of reflected sun glint all increase. The human also adds more weight, 30 especially when encumbered with flight kit such as helmet, NVGs, g-suit and flight planning and survival equipment. Traditionally, pilots sit toward the front of the aircraft to afford them the best view for take-off and landing, as well as air combat. This has implications on 35 aerodynamics, stealth’ design and weight distribution factors. In short, it can make the designers life a lot simpler if the pilot/crew are not in the aircraft. (Extracted from hitps:/Avww.forbes.com/. Accessed on March 03, 2022.) Vocabulary: 1. Signature_management and stealth: both terms refer to technology that reduces the likelihood of personnel, aircrafts, missiles, etc. being detected 12 - According to the text, it's eminent that Elon Musk a) improvises his speeches to entertain his listeners. b) presents pieces of information to make the news. c) plans what to say to keep the public heedful. d) disapproves of being in the spotlight. Gabarito: B E evidente que Elon Musk apresenta informagées para ganhar espaco no noticiario, como se |é no trecho “Musk is renowned for finding soundbites for the media to hook onto”Questao 13 Directions: Read Text VI and answer questions 12, 13, 14, 15 and 16 accordingly. 10 15 20 25 30 35 TEXT VI Elon Musk, the CEO of SpaceX and Tesla, caused something of a stir at the annual Air Force Association's Air Warfare Symposium in Orlando, Florida. During an informal ‘fireside chat’ with Lt. Gen. John Thompson of Space Command on Friday, Musk told a room packed with fighter pilots that “the fighter jet era has passed”. Now, Musk is renowned for finding soundbites for the media to hook onto, and also of causing calculated disruption in his target audience, but even by his standards this is a well-baited line. What makes this such a bold and controversial statement? The contemporary baitlefield is far more networked, complex, congested and lethal — it's those that adapt that will survive. Simply being ‘a good stick’ will rapidly no longer cut it in the hostile skies of the future. Musk’s main thrust is, however, that the human in the cockpit is the limiting factor in air combat now, not the advantage. Firstly, humans are awkward for aircraft designers to accommodate. In a modern fighter the pilot sits on an ejection seat for emergency escape, needs an oxygen supply and air-conditioning to function at extremes of temperature and altitude, and requires flight controls and instruments to fly and fight the machine. All of these add a significant amount of weight and cost into the aircraft. Moreover, having a transparent canopy to permit the crew to see out does little to improve signature management’ as radar cross section and the chances of reflected sun glint all increase. The human also adds more weight, especially when encumbered with flight kit such as helmet, NVGs, g-suit and flight planning and survival equipment. Traditionally, pilots sit toward the front of the aircraft to afford them the best view for take-off and landing, as well as air combat. This has implications on aerodynamics, stealth! design and weight distribution factors. In short, it can make the designers life a lot simpler if the pilot/crew are not in the aircraft. (Extracted from https://www.forbes.com/. Accessed on March 03, 2022.) Vocabulary: 1. Signature management and stealth: both terms refer to technology that reduces the likelihood of personnel, aircrafts, missiles, etc. being detected 13- Based on Musk’s position, it is right to infer that a) combat planes will become more pilot-friendly. b) high-performance fighter jets will proliferate. c) anew era of conflicts is a controversial issue. d) fighter pilots might end up becoming obsolete. Gabarito: D De acordo com o ponto de vista de Elon Musk, pilotos de caca podem acabar tornando-se obsoletos, como se infere pelo trecho “Musk’s main thrust is, however, that the human in the cockpit is the limiting factor in air combat now, not the advantage.”.Questao 14 Directions: Read Text VI and answer questions 12, 13, 14, 15 and 16 accordingly. TEXT VI Elon Musk, the CEO of SpaceX and Tesla, caused something of a stir at the annual Air Force Association’s Air Warfare Symposium in Orlando, Florida. During an informal ‘fireside chat’ with Lt. Gen. John Thompson of 5 Space Command on Friday, Musk told a room packed with fighter pilots that “the fighter jet era has passed”. Now, Musk is renowned for finding soundbites for the media to hook onto, and also of causing calculated disruption in his target audience, but even by his 10 standards this is a well-baited line. What makes this such a bold and controversial statement? The contemporary battlefield is far more networked, complex, congested and lethal — it's those that adapt that will survive. Simply being ‘a good stick’ will rapidly no 15 longer cut it in the hostile skies of the future. Musk’s main thrust is, however, that the human in the cockpit is the limiting factor in air combat now, not the advantage. Firstly, humans are awkward for aircraft designers to 20 accommodate. In a modern fighter the pilot sits on an ejection seat for emergency escape, needs an oxygen supply and air-conditioning to function at extremes of temperature and altitude, and requires flight controls and instruments to fly and fight the machine. All of these add 25 a significant amount of weight and cost into the aircraft. Moreover, having a transparent canopy to permit the crew to see out does little to improve signature management" as radar cross section and the chances of reflected sun glint all increase. The human also adds more weight, 30 especially when encumbered with flight kit such as helmet, NVGs, g-suit and flight planning and survival equipment. Traditionally, pilots sit toward the front of the aircraft to afford them the best view for take-off and landing, as well as air combat. This has implications on 35 aerodynamics, stealth’ design and weight distribution factors. In short, it can make the designers life a lot simpler if the pilot/crew are not in the aircraft. (Extracted from https://www forbes. com/. Accessed on March 03, 2022.) Vocabulary: 1. Signature management and stealth: both terms refer to technology that reduces the likelihood of personnel, aircrafts, missiles, etc. being detected 14- In the future, pilots will a) be inconvenienced by flight helmets and survival equipment. b) have to rely on other qualities besides technical prowess. c) be considered the most important element in air combat. d) have to make split-second life or death decisions. Gabarito: B No futuro, os pilotos terao de contar com outras qualidades alem de destreza técnica. Chega-se a essa alternativa por meio da eliminagdo das outras, mas nao é exatamente isso que o texto afirma. O que o texto realmente da a entender é que, no futuro, os pilotos serao dispensaveis, como se |é no trecho final “/n short, it can make the designers life a lot simpler if the pilot/crew are not in the aircraft’ (Em resumo, a vida dos projetistas pode se tornar bem mais simples se 0 piloto/a tripulagao nao estiverem na aeronave). A banca deve ter tomado como referéncia o segundo paragrafo, em que se |é “O campo de batalha contemporaneo é& muito mais conectado, complexo, congestionado e letal — aqueles que se adaptarem é que vao sobreviver.” (obs.: até aqui, co texto trata do combate aéreo em si, e nao especificamente dos pilotos). Na sequéncia, lé-se “Ser apenas um bom piloto rapidamente deixara de ser suficiente nos céus hostis do futuro.” A questao nao foi bem elaborada e contradiz o que a propria banca afirma como correta na questao 13, uma vez que “pilotos de caca podem acabar tornando-se obsoletos”. Respeitosamente, sugerimos que a banca avalie a possibilidade de anulacgao dessa questao.Questao 15 Directions: Read Text VI and answer questions 12, 13, 14, 15 and 16 accordingly. 10 15 20 25 30 35 TEXT VI Elon Musk, the CEO of SpaceX and Tesla, caused something of a stir at the annual Air Force Association's Air Warfare Symposium in Orlando, Florida. During an informal ‘fireside chat’ with Lt. Gen. John Thompson of Space Command on Friday, Musk told a room packed with fighter pilots that “the fighter jet era has passed”. Now, Musk is renowned for finding soundbites for the media to hook onto, and also of causing calculated disruption in his target audience, but even by his standards this is a well-baited line. What makes this such a bold and controversial statement? The contemporary battlefield is far more networked, complex, congested and lethal — it's those that adapt that will survive. Simply being ‘a good stick’ will rapidly no longer cut it in the hostile skies of the future. Musk’s main thrust is, however, that the human in the cockpit is the limiting factor in air combat now, not the advantage. Firstly, humans are awkward for aircraft designers to accommodate. In a modern fighter the pilot sits on an ejection seat for emergency escape, needs an oxygen supply and air-conditioning to function at extremes of temperature and altitude, and requires flight controls and instruments to fly and fight the machine. All of these add a significant amount of weight and cost into the aircraft. Moreover, having a transparent canopy to permit the crew to see out does little to improve signature management* as radar cross section and the chances of reflected sun glint all increase. The human also adds more weight, especially when encumbered with flight kit such as helmet, NVGs, g-suit and flight planning and survival equipment. Traditionally, pilots sit toward the front of the aircraft to afford them the best view for take-off and landing, as well as air combat. This has implications on aerodynamics, stealth’ design and weight distribution factors. In short, it can make the designers life a lot simpler if the pilot/crew are not in the aircraft. (Extracted from https:/\vww.forbes.com/. Accessed on March 03, 2022.) Vocabulary: 1. Signature management and stealth: both terms refer to technology that reduces the likelihood of personnel, aircrafts, missiles, etc. being detected 15- Decide if the sentences are true (T) or false (F) according to Text VI; then mark the right alternative. IV. a) b) c) qd) Designers are challenged to find solutions that enable fitting flying conditions The human factor is considered an asset when it comes to air combat. A transparent canopy is both an advantage and a disadvantage. The flying gear tums out to be heavy and expensive. LT F/M TV. EF L/W T/IL F/I. FE T/L F/M TSI. T LAUT AML FIV. T Gabarito: C Todas as afirmativas estao corretas, exceto a II. O fator humano, segundo o texto, nao é considerado uma vantagem em combates aéreos.Questao 16 Directions: Read Text VI and answer questions 12, 13, 14, 15 and 16 accordingly. TEXT VI Elon Musk, the CEO of SpaceX and Tesla, caused something of a stir at the annual Air Force Association's Air Warfare Symposium in Orlando, Florida. During an informal ‘fireside chat’ with Lt. Gen. John Thompson of 5 Space Command on Friday, Musk told a room packed with fighter pilots that “the fighter jet era has passed”. Now, Musk is renowned for finding soundbites for the media to hook onto, and also of causing calculated disruption in his target audience, but even by his 10 standards this is a well-baited line. What makes this such a bold and controversial statement? The contemporary battlefield is far more networked, complex, congested and lethal — it's those that adapt that will survive. Simply being ‘a good stick’ will rapidly no 15 — longer cut it in the hostile skies of the future. Musk’s main thrust is, however, that the human in the cockpit is the limiting factor in air combat now, not the advantage. Firstly, humans are awkward for aircraft designers to 20 accommodate. In a modern fighter the pilot sits on an ejection seat for emergency escape, needs an oxygen supply and air-conditioning to function at extremes of temperature and altitude, and requires flight controls and instruments to fly and fight the machine. All of these add 25 a significant amount of weight and cost into the aircraft. Moreover, having a transparent canopy to permit the crew to see out does little to improve signature management! as radar cross section and the chances of reflected sun glint all increase. The human also adds more weight, 30 especially when encumbered with flight kit such as helmet, NVGs, g-suit and flight planning and survival equipment. Traditionally, pilots sit toward the front of the aircraft to afford them the best view for take-off and landing, as well as air combat. This has implications on 35 aerodynamics, stealth! design and weight distribution factors. In short, it can make the designers life a lot simpler if the pilot/crew are not in the aircraft. (Extracted from https:/\vww.forbes.com/. Accessed on March 03, 2022.) Vocabulary: 1. Signature management and stealth: both terms refer to technology that reduces the likelihood of personnel, aircrafts, missiles, etc. being detected. 16~- Analyzing the grammatical aspects of Text VI, and considering the standard use of language, it’s correct to say that a) an (line 3) introduces a description. b) a lot (line 36) can be replaced by very. c) does (line 27) is being used as an auxiliary. d) causing (line 8) can be used in the form cause. Gabarito: A O artigo “an”, na linha 3, introduz uma descricao, como se observa pela leitura do trecho que 0 segue, que descreve a fala de Elon Musk em um encontro com militares.Questao 17 17 - Duas particulas, A e B, se movem, em sentidos opostos, em uma mesma trajetoria. No instante tp = 0, a particula A inicia do repouso e da origem dos espacos um movimento uniformemente variado, e a particula B passa pela posigaéo 3,0m com velocidade constante, permanecendo em movimento uniforme. No instante t = 2 s, as duas particulas, A e B, se encontram, tendo a particula B percorrido uma distancia igual a duas vezes a distancia percorrida pela particula A, conforme indica figura a seguir: ifn Nessas condicées, a velocidade da particula A, em m/s, no momento em que as particulas se encontram, é igual a AB B 3.0 S(m) a) 0,25 c) 1,0 b) 0,50 d) 2,0 Gabarito: C Chamando a distancia percorrida por A de x, tem-se: 0 3 S(m) x+2x=3>x=1m Para A, tém-se as seguintes informagées: Voa = 0 AS=1m At=2s Da equagdo do MUV, tem-se: v AS _ Vo ty 1 _O+V, ™ At 2 2 2 ‘n= 1 misQuestao 18 18 - Um aquario de paredes finas e area da base igual a S contém agua cuja densidade vale pl, até a altura x (Figura A). Um barquinho de madeira, com uma esfera maciga dentro dele, é posto a flutuar e o nivel da agua se eleva até a altura y (Figura B). Ao retirar a esfera e coloca-la diretamente na agua, com o barquinho ainda a flutuar, ela afunda e o nivel de agua altera para o valor z (Figura C). | ea Beat Figura A Figura B Figura C Considerando que as figuras foram feitas em escalas diferentes, e sendo o volume da esfera igual a V e sua densidade 1,, pode-se afirmar corretamente que veyed bre) c) z-x=(te+1)-f 4) atx= (#44) 2 Gabarito: B Comparando a figura B com a C, a redu¢ao no empuxo total € igual a normal que é exercida na esfera. Sendo assim, observa- se que y > z. Primeiramente, obtém-se o valor da normal na figura C: N= Pe—Ee=V-g- (to — pa) Adiferencga do empuxo total entre B e C é dado por: E-E'=(Ve—Ve)-g- wa=(y—z)S-g- ua Igualando a diferenga de empuxo total com a normal, tem-se: oe M {me _,) rest, IL V-g- (He-HA)=(y—Z)S- 9 Ha <Questao 19 19 -Um cilindro, contendo certa massa de gas perfeito, tem um pistéo que esta ligado a uma mola ideal. Ao fornecer certa quantidade de calor Q, para esse sistema termodinamico, observa-se uma expanséo do gas com a consequente deformagao da mola Ax, conforme indica figura a seguir. Em outro momento, para as mesmas condicées iniciais anteriores, ao se fornecer o dobro da quantidade de calor 2Q, a esse sistema, observa-se que a mola sofre uma deformagao duas vezes maior, 2Ax. Considerando que nas duas expansées o sistema tenha sofrido a mesma variagdo de energia interna e que nao houve atrito entre o pistéo e o cilindro, pode-se afirmar que a constante elastica da mola vale a) 20 c) wa AK 3Ax2 3Q 4Q ») 2 9) K Gabarito: C Da primeira lei da termodinamica, tem-se: Q=AU+W Como 0 enunciado afirma que a variacao da energia interna para ambos os casos foi igual, chama-se de AU na substitui¢ao da primeira lei para as duas situagdes. No caso 1, tem-se: Q=AU+k- a (eq. 1) No caso 2, tem-se: 2Q=AU+ Kear) => 2Q = AU + 2kAx? (eq. II) Subtraindo (II) de (1): Skax? > k 20. O55 BaeQuestao 20 20 - Uma espira CDE, de resisténcia elétrica igual a 1.O, em forma de um triangulo equilatero de lado f igual a 20 cm, desliza, livre de qualquer atrito e resisténcia do ar, com velocidade constante V de médulo igual a 30 cm/s sobre o plano xy na diregao e sentido do eixo x, conforme ilustrado na figura abaixo: \, y (cm) Cc L t 2 fe E x (em) 2 ¢ 2 D B No semiespaco x > 0, atua um campo magnético uniforme e constante B, perpendicular ao plano xy, cujo médulo vale 2 T. A intensidade da forga aplicada por um agente externo, na mesma diregao e sentido da velocidade V, no instante em que 0 vértice E da espira estiver passando pelo ponto (15, 0), a fim de manter a velocidade constante V, devera ser, em mN, igual a a) 12 c) 18 b) 15 d) 36 Gabarito: D oS . > O fluxo dentro da espira varia em fungao da area que se encontra no semiplano x > 0: $-B-S(t)= a2 eter) 2X v8 _ 23x" 3 3 Colocando o referencial do tempo no instante em que x = 0: 2V3(0,3t)’ 6V3 3. 100 O modulo da variacao do fluxo em fungao do tempo oferece a forga eletromotriz: X=0,3-t>o= t Bae 3 Be) _& As) og dt dt 25Questao 21 21 - O circuito ilustrado a seguir é alimentado por uma bateria ideal de forga eletromotriz € igual a 12 V. 1k c 8 Re AQ kK "ie R, = + Ae B so dois amperimetros ideais, K € uma chave aberta e C um capacitor de capacitancia 10 mF, completamente descarregado. O circuito possui ainda dois resistores Ghmicos, R; e Ry, cujas resisténcias elétricas valem 2Q e 100, respectivamente. Ao fechar a chave K, a intensidade da corrente i,, medida pelo amperimetro A, em funcao da intensidade da corrente ig, medida pelo amperimetro B, esta corretamente indicada pelo grafico a), i,A) ©) ni, (A) b) 5 ig (A) Gabarito: A Redesenhando 0 circuito com a malha de que se trata, tem-se: 100 tn i qv 20 Aplicando a segunda lei de Kirchhoff: 12 + 2in + 10is = 0 = ia = 6 — Sin Deve-se atentar para o fato de que é uma reta cujo coeficiente linear é 6 e o coeficiente angular é —5 (y = —5x + 6). Sendo assim, 0 grafico é uma reta decrescente passando por (0; 6) e (1; 1).Questao 22 22-Uma crianga, sentada a beira da piscina, brinca com seu carrinho, de controle remoto, sobre uma prancha de madeira que flutua nas aguas tranquilas dessa piscina. A prancha tem massa M e comprimento L e inicialmente esta em repouso em relagao a crianga. A partir de certo instante o carrinho, de massa m, que estava em repouso em relagdo a prancha, passa a realizar um movimento harmonico simples, em relagao a um ponto fixo na terra, indo da extremidade A a extremidade B e, em marcha a ré, da extremidade B a extremidade A, num movimento unidimensional (paralelo a borda de comprimento L). Considere despreziveis as dimensées do carrinho em relagéo ao comprimento da prancha, JU 0 coeficiente de atrito estatico entre as rodinhas do carrinho e a prancha, g o médulo da aceleragaéo da gravidade local e despreze o atrito entre a prancha e a agua. Amaxima frequéncia que o movimento do carrinho podera ter, sem que 0 mesmo escorregue, deve ser igual a 41. [aowem ®) Oey ML 1 [gM ) Fe 2imemL 1 [ugm ° a2 \aeme 1 fu-giterm *) 2M Gabarito: D Como o carrinho é um ponto material e o conjunto carrinho- prancha forma um sistema isolado, obtém-se o maximo deslocamento do carrinho em relagao ao referencial inercial: m x-m=y:-M> y—-x ¥ ‘uM Como a soma das distancias percorridas deve ser igual ao comprimento total da prancha: ML m+M KtysLoxrTxslLoxsQuestao 23 23 - A Figura 1 ilustra um sistema formado por um paralelepipedo homogéneo, de base quadrada, em repouso e apoiado sobre uma barra, disposta na horizontal e sustentada por dois fios, A e B. Inicialmente, os fios e a barra possuem o mesmo comprimento. Lilly LLL) A B f Figura 1 Os fios A e B so feitos de materiais cujos coeficientes de dilatac&o linear valem, respectivamente, aa e as. Ao produzir uma varia¢gao de temperatura A6 em todos os elementos desse sistema, observa-se que todos se dilatam, permanecendo os fios na vertical, a barra se inclina e o paralelepipedo fica na iminéncia de escorregar e, também, tombar em relagdo a barra, conforme indica a Figura 2. Figura 2 Nessas condicées, e considerando que apds a dilatagdo 0 paralelepipedo tem altura h, e que sua base quadrada tem h aresta b, pode-se afirmar que a razao > vale a) (ap — aa) - AO b) (aq + ag) - AO 1 °) eqrap) 0 fh. 3) (ap—cta): AO Gabarito: D Na condi¢ao-limite de tombamento, sabe-se que 0 peso se encontra na vertical da extremidade da base, segundo a figura: La Da geometria do paralelepipedo: b tané =— (eq | 7 (ee!) O enunciado afirma que os fios e a tabua tem o mesmo comprimento — que chamaremos de Lo. Como os fios continuam na vertical, a distancia entre os fios nao varia, de modo que permanece Lo’ Ly den La A diferenga nas alturas das extremidades se deve a diferenca nos comprimentos finais dos fios: Ly —L, =L,a,A9-L,a, -A®=>L,—L, =L, -A®(a, —a,) Da geometria dos fios, tem-se: = AO (a, — a, ) (eq. II) Igualando as equacées |e II: b h 1 Boao) oe ES (6-4) 8 = GayaQuestao 24 24 - Em uma parede P esta incrustada uma lampada puntiforme L acesa. Em frente a parede P existe um espelho plano e vertical AB que reflete a luz proveniente de L, iluminando a regio A'B’ de P, conforme ilustrado na figura seguinte: A partir de certo instante, 0 espelho passa a oscilar em movimento harménico simples, cuja posicao x obedece a equacao horaria x= 0,2 cos(2t+7), permanecendo ainda vertical e paralelo a parede P. Nessas condigées, a velocidade de A’ em relacéo a B' tera modulo a) nulo. 7 b) dado pela equagdo 0,1 | sen (2t + 9) | 3 c) dado pela equacdo 0,4 | sen (2t+ > | d) dado pela equacdo 0,4 | sen (2 t - 7) | Gabarito: A Considerando x a distancia entre a lampada e a direcao do espelho para um instante qualquer: 0® Imagem da lampada Da semelhanga de triangulos AOAB~AOA'B': L L 8 =—=>L,, =2L=cte 2x x Como a distancia entre A’ e B' nado varia e como ambos se movem somente na direca@o da parede, conclui-se que a velocidade relativa é sempre nula. Obs.: ha uma incoeréncia fisica em considerar que 0 espelho pode assumir valores negativos de x, pois x = 0 representa uma parede.Questao 25 25 - Uma particula, livre de resisténcia do ar, é langada em A sobre uma superficie sem atrito e descreve a trajetoria, mostrada na figura a seguir, contida em um plano vertical: A velocidade dessa particula, ao longo da sua trajetéria, em fungao da abcissa x, é indicada pelo grafico seguinte: a V (m/s) A c x Sejamh,eh;, respectivamente, as maiores altura e profundidade atingidas pela particula ao longo de sua trajetoria. Nessas condig6es, e sendo constante a aceleragao. h, da gravidade local, a razao x éiguala M1 a) 1 c) 5 b) 3 d)7 Gabarito: C Da conservacao da energia mecanica, tem-se: 2 2 my = Na _mgah = v? = v2 —2gAh 2 2 Para B: 4,0? = 3,0? -2-g- Ah, > 2gAh, = 8,0>h, =< Para C: 7,0? =3,0° -2-g-h, = 2gAh, = -40 > Ah, = Don, = Finalmente: a> ala |S aQuestao 26 26 - Particulas instéveis, denominadas mésons J, s&o produzidas pela incidéncia de raios césmicos sobre as elevadas regides da atmosfera terrestre. Para um referencial R’, em repouso em relagéo a esses mésons, tais particulas deveriam se desintegrar muito rapidamente apds seu surgimento, durando apenas um intervalo de tempo At’ e nao deveriam ser detectadas na superficie da Terra. No entanto, sdo detectadas e em abundancia! Esse “problema” so € compreendido sob a interpretagao relativistica do movimento dos mésons, ja que eles se movem a altissimas velocidades em relagao 4 superficie da Terra, Ao se observar o movimento de um méson il, a partir da superficie da Terra, mede-se seu tempo de vida como sendo At=15,9- At’. Considerando que, em relacéo a R’, esse méson percorre 660m, entéo, para um observador na superficie da Terra, tal méson percorre, em m, uma distancia igual a a) 415 c) 5247,0 b) 660,0 d) 10494.0 Gabarito: D Nesse problema, deve-se perceber que o tempo de meia-vida do méson original € o tempo proprio, enquanto o tempo medido. na Terra é um tempo dilatado. A relacdo entre esses dois tempos é dada pelo fator de Lorentz: At=y-At, =15,9At, > y = 15,9 Adistancia percorrida pelo méson sera propria no referencial da Terra, enquanto o méson vai perceber essa distancia contraida pelo mesmo fator de Lorentz. Sendo assim, a distancia de 660 m é um valor nao préprio e a distancia pedida é a propria: = |L, =10494 mQuestao 27 27 - Um cubo de gelo esté completamente submerso em 3,45 kg de Agua e preso por meio de um fio ideal de capacidade térmica desprezivel, ao fundo de um recipiente adiabatico, conforme representado na figura seguinte |GELO 7 no] | sous FIO Inicialmente, a agua esta a 16 °C € 0 gelo a 0 °C e€ observa-se uma tra¢do no fio de 1,0 N Considere que ocorra troca de calor exclusivamente entre a agua e o gelo e que, a medida em que o gelo derrete, o fio continue prendendo o cubo de gelo ao fundo do recipiente, sem exercer pressdo sobre o gelo. Nessas condigées, ao ser atingido o equilibrio térmico no interior do recipiente, a tragdo, em N, sentida pelo fio, sera igual a a) 0 c) 0,7 b) 04 dj 1 Gabarito: B Do equilibrio do gelo, tem-se: P+T=E>T=E-P>T=V-g-(n,~H,) > 7 7 -p\¢ 3 m3 = 1=V-10-(1000-920) = v = 300 = 1,25-10~ m Observando a quantidade de gelo que é derretida até o equilibrio térmico: Q5 + Qroua > Am-80+3450-1-(0-16)=0> => Am = 690 g =0=>Am-L+m,,,,-6A0 =0=> O volume correspondente a 690 g de gelo é dado por: 0,690 = Masret —, 920 = derrel derret >V, ‘aerret Hew =0,75-10% m* O volume final de gelo que sobrou: Viinat = V — Veorret = 1,25 - 10-3 -0,75-10=5-104 m3 A tragao final pode ser calculada novamente pela equagao do equilibrio do gelo: Trina = Vena + 9 + (Ha — Wg) = 5 - 104 - 10 - (1000 - 920) = =5-10°-80 | Thnat = 0,4 NQuestao 28 28 - O maior valor do campo elétrico que um dielétrico suporta, sem tornar-se condutor, 6 chamado rigidez dielétrica. Arigidez dielétrica varia de material para material, e para o ar, em condigdes normais, é de 3 - 10° NIC. O potencial maximo, em kV, para se manter carregada uma esfera metalica de 10 cm de didmetro, imersa no ar, longe de quaisquer outros objetos, sem que ela descarregue, é igual a a) 15 c) 90 b) 30 d) 150 Gabarito: D O campo elétrico maximo é obtido justamente logo acima da superficie da esfera: E=k 3 (eq) O potencial elétrico da esfera é dado por: Q V=k-— I ~ (eal) Dividindo as duas equagées, tem-se: oe 2:10 Ena T= 3-1 =1,5-10°V =Questao 29 29 - Trés canaletas planas e horizontais, sendo as duas primeiras semicirculares e a terceira com perfil de um quarto de circunferéncia, sao dispostas conforme figura a seguir. Nas entradas de cada canaleta encontram-se trés particulas, A, B eC, de massas m, m e 2m, respectivamente. O sistema composto pelas canaletas e particulas 6 conservativo e todas as colis6es sao frontais, sendo que, entre Ae B, perfeitamente elastica(s), e entre, B e C, parcialmente elastica(s), com coeficiente de restituigao igual a 0,5. No instante inicial, a particula A é langada com velocidade ¥, e Be C est&o em repouso, conforme indica a figura. O impulso sofrido pelo conjunto de particulas, desde o langamento de A até a saida de C, na terceira canaleta, tem médulo igual a 3 a) mv c) V2mv b) mv d) vo mv Gabarito: C Na colisdo elastica entre A e B: como as particulas tem a mesma massa, elas trocam quantidade de movimento, ou seja, A ficara parada e B continuara com velocidade v. Na colisdo entre B e C: VK vi =0,5v 2vitVv, =v v, =0 Os vetores quantidade de movimento no inicio e no fim sao dados pela figura a seguir: AQm Q Qs Em que Qo = m-v e Qr=2m- 0,5v = mv. O impulso é igual a variacaéo da quantidade de movimento. Sendo assim: 1=AQ,, = (02 +Q? =|V2mvQuestao 30 30-Uma particula é langada obliquamente e descreve um movimento parabolico, sem resisténcia do ar. No momento do lancamento dessa particula, o vetor velocidade (Vp) faz o Angulo @ com a horizontal e, ao atingir a altura maxima de sua trajetoria, o vetor posigao (A) da particula faz um Angulo a com essa mesma horizontal, conforme ilustra figura a seguir: tgo Nessas condigdes, a razdo entre as tangentes de 6 e a, at . vale a) 15 c) 2.5 b) 2,0 d) 3,0 Gabarito: B No ponto de maxima altura, tem-se: ye (v,sene)y” 29 _ vgsen(28) _ vzsen(8)cos(8) 20 29 - g Mas ¥ = tan( x 2 tana =tand=Questao 31 31 - Por duas vezes, observa-se 0 movimento de um bloco, sem resisténcia do ar, sobre um plano inclinado, conforme ilustra figura seguinte: {3 Ke O coeficiente de atrito cinético entre as superficies do bloco e inclinado x2 do plano inclinado é 2 . No primeiro langamento, em que @ = 30°, o tempo que o bloco gasta até parar, sobre o plano inclinado, é t. No segundo langamento, que se da com mesma velocidade inicial do primeiro, @=60° e o tempo gasto pelo bloco até parar, também sobre o plano inclinado, é t’. t Nessas condic¢des, a razdo entre os tempos e éiguala c) 2V3 3 y> Gabarito: A Obtendo as forcas no primeiro caso: P,, =mgsen(30°) = S N,=P,, ~ ma-cosso* av Forga de atrito: Fy=m-a,=F,, +P, = 209, M9

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