Ficha 01

CURSO: GESTO DE EMPRESAS
MATEMTICA APLICADA GESTO

FICHAS DE EXERCCIOS
2012/2013
MATEMTICA APLICADA GESTO 2011/2012
NDICE
2
FICHA 1
Limites e Continuidade
Teoremas de Bolzano e Weierstrass
1. Calcule os seguintes limites sem recorrer Regra de Cauchy:
1.1.
3 4
2 3
lim
2
2 3
1
+
+
x x
x x x
x
( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( )
0
0
3 1 4 1
1 2 1 3 1
3 4
2 3
lim
2
2 3
2
2 3
1

+
+ +
+
+
x x
x x x
x
, Indeterminao
CA:
Como o expoente mximo do numerador maior que 2, utilizamos a Regra de
Rufinni
1 -3 2 0
1 1 -2 0
1 -2 0 0
No caso do denominador utilizamos a frmula resolvente
( ) ( ) ( )( )
( )
( )
t

t

t
+
2
2 4
2
4 4
1 2
3 1 4 4 4
0 3 4
2
2
x x x x x
3 1
2
2 4

t
x x x
Ento:
( ) ( )
( )( ) 2
1
2
1
3 1
2 1
3
2
lim
3 1
2 1
lim
2
1
2
1

x
x x
x x
x x x
x x
1.2.
1 1
lim
0
+
x
x
x
0
0
1 0 1
0
1 1
lim
0

+
x
x
x
, Indeterminao
Levantamento da indeterminao: multiplicamos ambos os membros pelo
denominador da frao.
( )
( )( )
( )
( )
( )
( ) + +
+ +
+
+ +
+ + +
+ +

1 1 lim
1 1
lim
1 1
1 1
lim
1 1 1 1
1 1
lim
0 0 0 0
x
x
x x
x
x x
x x
x x
x x x x
( ) ( ) ( ) 2 1 1 1 0 1 + + +
1.3.
( )
1
]
1
4 3
3
1 lim
2
3
1
x x
x
x
( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( )

+

1
1
]
1

1
]
1
0
4 3 1
3
0
4 1 3 1
3
1 1
4 3
3
1 lim
2
3
2
3
1
x x
x
x
, Indeterminao
Levantamento da indeterminao:
( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( )
0
0
4 1 3 1
1 1 3
4 3
1 3
lim
2
3
2
3
1

x x
x
x
, Indeterminao
( )
4 3
1 3
lim
2
3
1
x x
x
x
CA:
Como o expoente mximo do numerador maior que 2, utilizamos a Regra de
Rufinni
1 0 0 -1
1 1 1 1
3
1 1 1 0
No caso do denominador utilizamos a frmula resolvente
( ) ( ) ( )( )
( )
( )
1 4
2
5 3
2
25 3
1 2
4 1 4 3 3
0 4 3
2
2

t

t

t
+ x x x x x x x
Ento:
( ) ( )
( )( )
( )
( )
( )
5
9
4 1
1 1 1 3
4
1 3
4 1
1 1 3
lim
2 2
1

+
+ +
+
+ +
+
+ +
x
x x
x x
x x x
x
1.4.
2
3
0
2
2
lim
x x
x x
x
+
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
0
0
0 2 0
0 0 2
2
2
lim
2
3
2
3
0

+
x x
x x
x
, Indeterminao
( ) ( )

+
,
_
x
x
x
x
x
x
x x
x x
x x
x
x x
x x
x x x x x x 2 1
1
2
lim
2 1
1
2
lim
2 1
2
lim
2 1
2
lim
2 1
lim
2
2
lim
3 2
0
3
2
0
3
2
0
3
2
0 0
2
3
0
( )
( )
( )

+
1 1
2
0 1
0
1
2
0 2 1
0
1
2
3
2
CA:
Numerador:
,
_
,
_

3
2
3
2
3
3
3
1
3
2 2 2 2 x x x x x x x x x
Denominador: ( ) x x x x 2 1 2
2
+ +
1.5.
4
1
4
1
lim
2
2
2

x
x
x
( )
( )
0
0
4 4
4
1
4
1
4 2
2
1
4
1
4
1
4
1
lim
2
2
2
2
2

x
x
x
, Indeterminao
( )( )
( )( )

4 4
1 4
lim
1
4
4
4
lim
1
4
4
4
4
lim
1
4
1
4
1
lim
4
1
4
1
lim
2 2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2 2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
x x
x
x
x
x
x
x x
x
x
x
x
x
x x x x x
( )
( )( ) ( )
16
1
4 4
1
2 4
1
4
1
lim
4 4
4
lim
2 2
2
2 2
2
2

x x x
x
x x
1.6.
5
5
lim
5

x
x
x
0
0
5
5
lim
5

x
x
x
, Indeterminao
( )
1
5
5
lim
5
5
lim
5 5

x
x
x
x
x x
CA:
4
( ) 5 5 x x , se 5 < x
1.7.
3
1
2
3
4
20 3 lim

,
_
x x
x
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 4 64 40 24 2 20 8 3 4 20 4 3 20 3 lim 3
1
3
1
3
1
3
1
2
3
3
1
2
3
4
+ +
,
_
,
_
x x
x
1.8.
3 8
1
lim
1
+
x
x
x
( )
( )
0
0
3 3
1 1
3 8 1
1 1
3 8
1
lim
1

x
x
x
, Indeterminao
( )( )( )
( )( )( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( )
( )

+
+ +
+
+ +
+ + + +
+ + +

1
3 8
lim
1 1
3 8 1
lim
1 3 8 3 8
3 8 1 1
lim
3 8
1
lim
1 1 1 1
x
x
x x
x x
x x x
x x x
x
x
x x x x
( )
( )
3
2
6
2
3 3
1 1
3 9
1 1
3 8 1

+
+
+
+
+ +
1.9.
,
_

3
lim
2
2
0 x
Sen
x
x
( )
( ) 0
0
0
0
3
0
0
3
lim
2
2
2
2
2
0

,
_
,
_
Sen
Sen
x
Sen
x
x , Indeterminao
,
_
,
_
,
_
,
_
,
_
,
_
,
_
,
_
,
_

x
x
Sen
x
x
Sen
x
Sen
x
Sen
x x
x
Sen
x
Sen
x x
x
Sen
x
x x x x
3 3
1
lim 9
3 3
lim
1
9
3 3 9
1
lim
3
lim
0 0 0
2
2
0
3
3
lim
3
3
lim
1
9
0 0
x
x
Sen
x
x
Sen
x x

,
_
,
_
, mas como Limite Notvel

( )
1 lim
0

x
x Sen
x
ou
( ) ( )
( ) x f
x f Sen
x 0
lim
Ento: 9
1 1
1
9
1.10.
xSenx
Cosx
x
1
lim
0
0
0 1
lim
0

xSenx
Cosx
x
, Indeterminao
( )( )
( ) ( ) ( )

+
+
+
1
lim
1
1
lim
1
1 1
lim
1
lim
2
0
2
0 0 0 Cosx xSenx
x Sen
Cosx xSenx
x Cos
Cosx xSenx
Cosx Cosx
xSenx
Cosx
x x x x
5
( ) 2
1
1 1
1
1
1
1
lim lim
1
lim
0 0 0

+

+

+
Cosx x
Senx
Cosx x
Senx
x x x
1.11.
IN P
x
Logx
P
x

+
, lim
( )
( )

+
P P
x
Log
x
Logx
lim
, Indeterminao
( )
0 lim lim lim
+ + +
yP
x
P
y x
P
x
e
y
e
y
x
Logx
CA:
y
e x Logx y
+ + y x
Ou Regra Cauchy
0
1 1
lim
1
lim lim
1

+

+
+ +
P
x
P
x
P
x
Px Px
x
x
Logx
1.12.
( ) x Tg
x
x 5
3
lim
0
( )
( )
( ) ( ) ( ) 0
0
0
0
0 5
0 3
5
3
lim
0

Tg Tg x Tg
x
x
, Indeterminao
( )
( )
( )
( ) ( ) ( )
( )
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
( )

x Sen
x Cos x
x Sen
x Cos x
x Cos
x Sen
x
x Tg
x
x x x x 5
5 5 3
lim
5
1
5
5 3
lim
5
5
3
lim
5
3
lim
0 0 0 0
( )
( )
5
3
1 1
5
3
5 lim
5
5
lim
5
3
0 0

x Cos
x Sen
x
x x
1.13.
x
x x
,
_
+

2
1 lim
2
2
1 lim e
x
x
x

,
_
+

, pois
a
x
x
e
x
a

,
_
+
t
1 lim
1.14.
( ) ( ) ( ) IN P x Log x Log
p p
x
+
+
, 1 lim
( ) ( ) ( ) +
+
p p
x
x Log x Log 1 lim
, Indeterminao
( ) ( ) ( )
( )
( ) 0 1
1
1
1
lim 1 lim
,
_
+
+
+
+
+ +
Log Log
x
x
Log x Log x Log
p
p
p
x
p p
x
1.15.
( )
( )

,
_
+

x Cotg
x Cos
x
1
2
lim
4
( )
( ) 0
0
1
2
lim
4
,
_
+

x Cotg
x Cos
x

, Indeterminao
6
( )
( )
( )( )
+
+
,
_
+

Senx
Senx Cosx
Senx Cosx Senx Cosx
Senx
Cosx
x Sen x Cos
x Cotg
x Cos
x x x
4
2 2
4 4
lim
1
lim
1
2
lim

( ) ( ) 1
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2 2
2
2
2
2
2
2
lim
4

,
_
,
_
,
_
,
_
,
_
+

Senx Senx Cosx
x

1.16.
( ) ( ) Cotgx x Sen
x

lim
( ) ( )
0 lim Cotgx x Sen

x

, Indeterminao
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 1 1 lim lim lim
,
_

Cosx
Senx
Cosx
Senx Cotgx x Sen
x x x
1.17.
x
e e
x
x
1
0
lim
0
0
lim
1
0

+
x
e e
x
x
, Indeterminao
( )
e e
x
e
e
x
e e
x
e e e
x
e e
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x

1
1
lim
1
lim lim lim
0 0 0
1
0
1.18.
cx
e e
bx ax
x
0
lim
, com a, b IR e a b, c IR\{0}
0
0
lim
0

cx
e e
bx ax
x
, Indeterminao
,
_
x
e
x
e
c cx
e e
cx
e e
bx ax
x
bx ax
x
bx ax
x
1 1 1
lim
1 1
lim lim
0 0 0
( ) ( )
( )
c
b a
b a
c bx
e
b
ax
e
a
c bx
e b
ax
e a
c
bx
x
ax
x
bx
x
ax
x
,
_

1 1
1 1
lim
1
lim
1 1
lim
1
lim
1
0 0 0 0
7
2. Calcule:
2.1.
( )
( ) 1 1 2
3
1
1 5
lim

x
x
e
x
( )
( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( )
( )
( )
0
0 0 5 0 5 1 1 5 1 5
lim
1 1 0 1 0 2
3
1 1 1 2
3
1 1 2
3
1

e e e e e
x
x
x
2.2.
( ) x Sen
e
x
x 2
1
lim
3
0
( ) 0
0
2
1
lim
3
0

x Sen
e
x
x
, Indeterminao (poderamos ter aplicado a Regra de Cauchy)
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )

+

+
x Sen
x
x
e
x Sen
e
x Sen
e
x
x
x
x
x
x
x 2 2
2
lim
3
1 3
lim
2
1
lim
2
1
lim
0
3
0
3
0
3
0
( ) 2
3
1 1
2
3
2
2
lim
3
lim
2
3
0
1 3
0

x Sen
x
x
e
x
x
x
2.3.
( )
x
x
e x

+
1
lim
( ) 0 lim
1

+
x
x
e x
, Indeterminao
( ) 0 0
1
1
lim
1
lim lim lim
1 1 1
1

,
_

,
_

,
_

+

+
+
e
e
x
e e e
x
e
x
e x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
2.4.
( )
x
x
x 2 lim
3

( ) 0 2 lim
3

x
x
x
, Indeterminao
8

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CURSO: GESTO DE EMPRESAS

MATEMTICA APLICADA GESTO

, mas como Limite Notvel

0 lim Cotgx x Sen

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