CLCULO DIFERENCIAL E INTEGRAL I Prof.

: Joaquim Rodrigues

1
RESOLUO DE INTEGRAIS POR SUBSTITUIO


a)

xdx 5 sec
2

Resoluo
Fazemos u x = 5 ( )
dx
du
x =

5
dx
du
= 5 du dx = 5 du dx
5
1
=
Logo:
c u tg du u du u xdx + = = =

5
1
sec
5
1
5
1
sec 5 sec
2 2 2

Voltando u para x, temos: c x tg xdx + =

) 5 (
5
1
5 sec
2



b)

dx x ctg
Resoluo
Observe que
x sen
x
x ctg
cos
= , assim temos que:

= = dx x
x sen
dx
x sen
x
dx x ctg cos
1 cos

Agora fazemos u x sen = ( )
dx
du
x sen =

dx
du
x = cos du dx x = cos
E finalmente:

+ = + = = = = c senx c u du
u
dx x
x sen
dx
x sen
x
dx x ctg ln ln
1
cos
1 cos




c)

+
dx
x
x x 5 6
3

Resoluo

=

+ =

+ =
+
dx
x
x dx
x x
x
x
x
dx
x
x x 5
6
5 6 5 6
2
3 3


+ + = + c x x
x
dx
x
dx dx x ln 5 6
3
1
5 6
3
2










CLCULO DIFERENCIAL E INTEGRAL I Prof.: Joaquim Rodrigues

2
d)

dx b ax
Resoluo
Fazendo u b ax = ( )
dx
du
b ax =

dx
du
a = du adx = du
a
dx
1
=

= + = +
+
= = =
+
c
u
a
c
u
a
du u
a
du
a
u dx b ax
2
3
1
1
2
1
1 1 1
2
3
1
2
1
2
1

c b ax
a
c u
a
c u
a
+ = + = + =
3 2 3
2
3
) (
3
2
3
2
3
2 1



e)

dx x senx cos
Resoluo
Fazemos u x sen = ( )
dx
du
x sen =

dx
du
x = cos du dx x = cos

+ = + = + = +
+
= =
+
c
x sen
c
senx
c
u
c
u
du u dx x senx
2 2
) (
2 1 1
cos
2 2 2 1 1


f)

+
dx
x
x
2
1

Resoluo
Observe que

+
=
+
dx x
x
dx
x
x
2 2
1
1
1

Fazendo u x = +
2
1 ( )
dx
du
x =

+
2
1
dx
du
x = 2 du xdx = 2
du xdx
2
1
=
Logo:

+ + = + = = =
+
=
+
c x c u du
u
du
u
dx x
x
dx
x
x
2
2 2
1 ln
2
1
ln
2
1 1
2
1
2
1 1
1
1
1



g)

+
dx
x
x
4
1

Resoluo
Observe que xdx
x
xdx
x
dx
x
x

+
=
+
=
+
2 2 4 4
) ( 1
1
1
1
1


Fazendo u x =
2
( )
dx
du
x =

2

dx
du
x = 2 du xdx = 2 du xdx
2
1
=
Da

=
+
=
+
=
+
=
+
=
+
du
u
du
u
xdx
x
xdx
x
dx
x
x
2 2 2 2 4 4
1
1
2
1
2
1
1
1
) ( 1
1
1
1
1

c x tg arc c u tg arc + = + = ) (
2
1
2
1
2

CLCULO DIFERENCIAL E INTEGRAL I Prof.: Joaquim Rodrigues

3
h) dt
e
e
t
t

+
2
1

Resoluo
Observe que dt e
e
dt
e
e
t
t t
t

+
=
+
2 2
) ( 1
1
1

Da, fazemos: u e
t
= ( )
dt
du
e
t
=

dt
du
e
t
= du dt e
t
=
Assim:

+ = + =
+
=
+
=
+
c e tg arc c u tg arc du
u
dt e
e
dt
e
e
t t
t t
t
) (
1
1
) ( 1
1
1
2 2 2



i) dx
x
x tg x

2
sec 1
sec

Resoluo

Observe que

dx x tg x
x
dx x tg x
x
dx
x
x tg x
sec
) (sec 1
1
sec
sec 1
1
sec 1
sec
2 2 2

Fazendo u x = sec ( )
dx
du
x =

sec
dx
du
x tg x = sec
du dx x tg x = sec
Assim, temos que:
=

dx x tg x
x
dx x tg x
x
dx
x
x tg x
sec
) (sec 1
1
sec
sec 1
1
sec 1
sec
2 2 2

+ = + =

c x sen arc c u sen arc du

u
) (sec
1
1
2



j)

dx a
x 5

Resoluo
Fazendo u x = 5 ( )
dx
du
x =

5
dx
du
= 5 du dx = 5 du dx
5
1
=

+ = + = = = c
x
a
c
a
a
du a du a dx a
x u
u u x
) 5 ln( 5
1
ln 5
1
5
1
5
1
5
5


k)

dx e a
x x

Resoluo
Observe que

= dx e a dx e a
x x x
) (
Note que agora, faremos apenas A e a = e desta forma, no estamos mudando a varivel.
c
ae
ae
c
A
A
dx A dx e a dx e a
x x
x x x x
+ = + = = =

) ( ln
) (
ln
) (
CLCULO DIFERENCIAL E INTEGRAL I Prof.: Joaquim Rodrigues

4
l)

+
dx
x sen
x sen x
3
cos

Resoluo
Veja

+ =

+ =
+
dx
x sen x sen
x
dx
x sen
x sen
x sen
x
dx
x sen
x sen x
2 3 3 3 3
1 cos cos cos

Note ainda que ( ) x x
x sen x sen
2 2
2
2
csc csc
1 1
= =

=
Logo: =

+ =

+ =
+

dx
x sen x sen
x
dx
x sen
x sen
x sen
x
dx
x sen
x sen x
2 3 3 3 3
1 cos cos cos

= + =

+ =

dx x dx
x sen
x
dx x
x sen
x
2
3
2
3
csc
) (
cos
csc
cos


+ = dx x dx x
x sen
2
3
csc cos
) (
1

Vamos resolver a primeira integral:

dx x
x sen
cos
) (
1
3
e para isso devemos fazer
u x sen = ( )
dx
du
x sen =

dx
du
x = cos du dx x = cos
Donde

= + = +

= = =

c
u
c
u
du u du
u
dx x
x sen
2
2
3
3 3
2
1
2
1
cos
) (
1

c
x sen
c
x sen
+ = + =
2 2
2
1
) ( 2
1

E agora a segunda integral que

+ = c x ctg dx x
2
csc
E finalmente as duas juntas:
c x ctg
x sen
dx x dx x
x sen
+ = +
2
2
3
2
1
csc cos
) (
1




m)

+
dx
x
2
4 1
1

Resoluo
Observe que

+
=
+
dx
x
dx
x
2 2
) 2 ( 1
1
4 1
1

Fazemos u x = 2 ( )
dx
du
x =

2
dx
du
= 2 du dx = 2 du dx
2
1
=
Agora temos

=
+
=
+
=
+
=
+
du
u
du
u
dx
x
dx
x
2 2 2 2
1
1
2
1
2
1
1
1
) 2 ( 1
1
4 1
1

c x tg arc c u tg arc + = + = ) 2 (
2
1
2
1





CLCULO DIFERENCIAL E INTEGRAL I Prof.: Joaquim Rodrigues

5
n)

dx
x x
2
1 3
cos
Resoluo


=

dx x x dx
x x
2 1
2
) 3 ( cos
1 3
cos
Agora fazemos u x =
1
3 ( )
dx
du
x =

1
3
dx
du
x =
2
3 du dx x =
2
3
) 1 ( 3
2
=

du dx x du dx x =
2
3 du dx x
3
1
2
=

E finalmente

=

= =

du u dx x x dx
x x 3
1
cos ) 3 ( cos
1 3
cos
2 1
2

( )

= + = + = =

c
x
sen c x sen c u sen du u
3
3
1
3
3
1
3
1
cos
3
1
1





o)

dx x tg
2

Resoluo
Observe que 1 ) (sec 1
cos
1
cos
cos
cos
1
cos
cos 1
cos
2
2
2
2
2 2
2
2
2
2
=

= =

= = x
x x
x
x x
x
x
x sen
x tg
Ou seja 1 sec
2 2
= x x tg , logo:

+ = = = c x x tg dx dx x dx x dx x tg
2 2 2
sec ) 1 (sec




p)

+ d ctg tg
2
) (
Resoluo
Observe que:
= +

+ = + + = +
2 2 2 2 2
1
2 2 ) ( ctg
tg
tg tg ctg ctg tg tg ctg tg
+ = + + + = + + =

2 2
csc
2
sec
2 2 2
csc sec 1 1 2
2 2
43 42 1 3 2 1
ctg tg ctg tg
Logo, temos que = + = + = +

d d d d ctg tg
2 2 2 2 2
csc sec ) csc (sec ) (
c ctg tg c ctg tg + = + + ) (






CLCULO DIFERENCIAL E INTEGRAL I Prof.: Joaquim Rodrigues

6
q) dx
x x
x sen

+
cos
1

Resoluo
Fazemos u x x = cos
dx
du
x x = ) cos (
dx
du
x sen = ) ( 1
dx
du
x sen = + 1 du dx x sen = + ) 1 (
Agora, temos que
c x x c u du
u
dx x sen
x x
dx
x x
x sen
+ = + = = +

+

cos ln ln
1
) 1 (
cos
1
cos
1



r) dx
x
x sen

cos 1

Resoluo
Fazemos u x = cos 1
dx
du
x = ) cos 1 (
dx
du
x sen = ) ( 0
dx
du
x sen = du dx x sen =
Agora temos que

= =

du
u
dx x sen
x
dx
x
x sen 1
cos 1
1
cos 1


+ = + = + = + = +
+
= =
+

c x c u c u c
u
c
u
du u du
u
cos 1 2 2
1
2
2
1
1
2
1
1
2
1
2
1
1
2
1
2
1
2
1



s)

+
+
dt
t e
e
t
t
2
2

Resoluo
Observe que

+
+
=
+
+
dt e
t e
dt
t e
e
t
t t
t
) 2 (
2
1
2
2

Agora fazemos u t e
t
= + 2
dt
du
t e
t
= + ) 2 (
dt
du
e
t
= + 2 du dt e
t
= + ) 2 (
E finalmente c t e c u du
u
dt e
t e
dt
t e
e
t t
t t
t
+ + = + = = +
+
=
+
+

2 ln ln
1
) 2 (
2
1
2
2











CLCULO DIFERENCIAL E INTEGRAL I Prof.: Joaquim Rodrigues

7
t)

dx
x x ln
1

Resoluo
Observe que podemos fazer

=

dx
x x
dx
x x
1
ln
1
ln
1

E fazemos ainda u x = ln
dx
du
x = ) (ln
dx
du
x
=
1
du dx
x
=
1


+ = + = = =

c x c u du
u
dx
x x
dx
x x
ln ln ln
1 1
ln
1
ln
1



u) dx
x x

+ ) 1 (
3

Resoluo
Note que dx
x x
dx
x x
1
1
1
3
) 1 (
3


+
=
+

Fazemos u x = + 1
dx
du
x =

+
2
1
1
dx
du
x =
1
2
1
2
1

dx
du
x =

2
1
2
1

du dx
x
=
2
1
1
2
1
du dx
x
=
1
2
1
du dx
x
2
1
=
Logo

= = = =
+
=
+
du
u
du
u
du
u
dx
x x
dx
x x
1
6
1
2 3 2
1
3
1
1
1
3
) 1 (
3

c x c u + + = + = 1 ln 6 ln 6



v) xdx x +

1 3
2

Resoluo
Fazendo u x = +1 3
2

dx
du
x = + ) 1 3 (
2

dx
du
x = 6 du xdx = 6 du xdx
6
1
=
Agora
= + = + = +
+
= = = +
+

c u c
u
c
u
du u du u xdx x
2
3
2
3
1
2
1
2
1
2
3
2
6
1
2
3
6
1
1
2
1
6
1
6
1
6
1
1 3
c x c u c u + + = + = + =
3 2 3 2 3
) 1 3 (
9
1
9
1
18
2







CLCULO DIFERENCIAL E INTEGRAL I Prof.: Joaquim Rodrigues

8
w)

+ +
+
dx
x x
x
2
3 4 1
3 2

Resoluo
Fazendo u x x = + +
2
3 4 1
dx
du
x x = + + ) 3 4 1 (
2

dx
du
x = + 6 4
dx
du
x = + ) 3 2 ( 2 du dx x = + ) 3 2 ( 2 du dx x
2
1
) 3 2 ( = +
Agora temos que = = +
+ +
=
+ +
+

du
u
dx x
x x
dx
x x
x
2
1 1
) 3 2 (
3 4 1
1
3 4 1
3 2
2 2


= + = + = + = +
+
= =
+

c u c u c
u
c
u
du u du
u
2
1
2
1
2
1
1
2
1
2
1
2
1
1
2
2
1
2
1
2
1
1
2
1
2
1
2
1 1
2
1

c x x c u + + + = + =
2
3 4 1


x)

dx x sec
Resoluo
Aqui precisamos fazer um pequeno artifcio
dx
x tg x
x tg x x
dx
x tg x
x tg x
x dx x

+
+
=

+
+
=
sec
sec sec
sec
sec
sec sec
2

Agora fazemos u x tg x = + sec
dx
du
x tg x = + ) (sec
dx
du
x tg x = + ) ( ) (sec
dx
du
x x tg x = +
2
sec sec du dx x x tg x = + ) sec (sec
2

E finalmente =
+
+
=

+
+
=

dx
x tg x
x tg x x
dx
x tg x
x tg x
x dx x
sec
sec sec
sec
sec
sec sec
2


+ + = + = = +
+
= c x tg x c u du
u
dx x tg x x
x tg x
sec ln ln
1
) sec (sec
sec
1
2