HW05 ANSWERS Description: Current and Resistance 1 ‘A charged belt, 55 cm wide, travels at 20 m/s between a source of charge and a sphere. The belt carries charge into the sphere at a rate corresponding to 100 hA. Compute the surface charge density on the belt. Area per second = (20 m 0.5%) = [Lo m/s clomb pel Second = ot els c= codlomb/s to” Cc —, = -6 aren 1.0 ws = [UOT tO C{mu™ Near Earth, the density of protons in the solar wind (a stream of particles from the Sun) is 8.20 cm” and their speed is about 470 km/s. (a) Find the current density of these protons. (b) If Earth's magnetic field did not deflect the protons, what total current would Earth receive? @) ¢ Clu?) = (#20 ce Yio le Ub6 119%) = 4312 415'? elu? = — tn c J = pu = (1312 «1 we (eon “) -7 617 © {9 Alma oo ©) Goss sfea of Boy TT = C Gurrewt =/6 7 A ( 7 HO on OA . e= 1 (6.37 ¢10'4)” ory 6.57110) | 6 219AA i ith a circular cross section of radius R ‘Jof the current density in a certain wire wit of rai Se even by J= (6.00 S10), with Jin amperes per square meter and radial distance 7 r= and r= R? rin meters. What is the current through the outer section bounded by r= 0.740R and r= R’ Tabegrate eqlin cla cal shell y trans Ob Hirchress dim aR dd =2 - A A tTrde > o> fires BG | (boot ene? a 4 R ane = Br q fC _ bt 51419 - | = x9 5% ride] [1 -(0740)] ou il ve 2.0807) * = 9 soe xi X o.near7) = soup A = 4 ‘The legend that Benjamm r1anklin flew a kite as a storm approached is only a legend - he was neither stupid nor suicidal. Suppose a kite string of radius 2.00 mm extends directly upward by 0.620 km and is coated with a 0.500 mm layer of water having resisti 150 Qm. Ifthe potential difference between the two ends of the string is 130 MV, what is the current through ‘the water layer? ‘The danger is not this current but the chance that the string draws a lightning strike, which can have a current as large as 500 000 A (way beyond just being lethal), R lualer Film) = L _ (150.0 Yo,6 20 116m) Hp ens) (a0 PY A afaen (200i | = 13 159 410° Mw 130 #10 © 3 _ R * Tarsero® = Us +10 A= [h. 2PuA5. In the figure below, current is set up through a truncated right circular cone of resistivity 861 @ m, left radius a = 2.00 mm, right radius 6 = 2.30 mm, and length Z = 2.42 cm. Assume that the current density is uniform aeross any cross section taken perpendicular to the length. What is the resistance of the cone? Disk areas Tr nol J T increases Vis cody wih £: ra as bale Ths Re fae a) Baa Ly oO = [Leet l [fener = eo ioe) t (b-a)/e nl o ~I => (PTX a2 _ oe ce ar (b-a) 4 L e612 m 0.0242) Grab = a [noo xp’my 230710) 6 = hile vid > (Ele na6 ‘The rain-soaked shoes of a person may explode if ground current from nearby lightning vaporizes the water. The sudden conversion of water to water vapor causes a dramatic expansion that can rip apart shoes. Water has density 1000 kg/m’ and requires 2256 kI/kg to be vaporized If horizontal current lasts 2.00 ms and encounters water with resistivity 125 Q-m, length 12.0 cm, and vertical cross-sectional area 1.3 x10" m’, what average current is required to vaporize the water? Veluwe of wader = Ol2m x b3x1g° ami = 166 HO ow woss of tucker vole % lovg by a? = he Sbi5™ bag that of vase zochan = mss wots x 2.256 410% T{ leg = Bb rot TF the bed = elechial it ete oud % time = g L LL WA, = = (25Xo.1260) s ta 13% 16m? ~ L136 10 Pt = [S36 x Dig = 2.50761 49 Ls px, 251936 mote . DHE rp ns ~ 'FLS0% c= [193A ; : Figure (a) shows a rod of resistive material, The resistance per unit length of the rod increases in the positive direction of the x axis. At any position x along the rod, the resistance dR of a narrow (differential) section of width a is given by dR = 4.87x dx, where dR is in ohms and x is in meters. Figure (b) shows such a narrow section. You are to slice off.a length of the rod between x = 0 and some position x = Z and then connect that length to a 5.0 V battery (figure (¢)). You want the current in the length to transfer energy to thermal energy at the rate of 202 W. At what position x = Z should you cut the rod? z 2 2 —— Pows = => R= yo (Go) aa f e 20% ———— = 012376 “ 4 FIP ee [43 7Ixdbe ~ LE D @)s0V 2 = 2435L™ 0,(2376 Lk Thas L= toe SOP KO mw L N8. ‘A750 W heating unit is designed to operate with an applied potential difference of 115 V. (a) By what percentage will its heat output drop if the applied potential difference drops to 102 V? Assume no change in resistance. (b) If you took the variation of resistance with temperature into account, would the actual drop in heat output be larger or smaller than that calculated in (a)? Jot \* (a v . ‘ o Van ° ae Thus lop 1 pet = ( (* «to & = 78664 Wop = (0-79.66 =/21, 3¢/ ¢) a Digp in pawel 6 Re. EF TT He 2b od PY Poues dive is 9 A 2.1 KW heater element from a dryer ha ryer has a length of 80 cm. Ifa 10 cl ve power is used by the now shortened element at 120 V? THEN SET a “L cle crea ses by > rtoo a ia.sef poe = a var Vis cheged => aves rarmm by (2 x few guys 21bWy bIIs = 2.361 5bW > | 2.36hW10. (@) At what temperature would the resistance of a silver conductor be double its resistance at 24.5°C? (Use 24.5°C as the reference point in the equation, 0 ~ = po (T ~ To); compare your answer with the figure below) (b) Does this same "doubling temperature" hold for all silver conductors, regardless of shape or size? 390 00 Goo S00 1000 1200 ‘Temperauure (K) ae 624 (4) & fer silver = kt ig? KE ( Table 261 age ( of feet) Valechig volume chuge seth —teuep echvie b> om Go (rm) > Hen) = TT = Ha 2310 K(e% fr or) Te W5+ 465.40 = [268.4 | (by Volume chy ee T are A acperted tuto eg 11. A steel trolley-car rail has a cross-sectional area of 63.0 em”, What is the resistence o' km of rail? The resistivity of the steel is 3.00 x10” (2m. 3 eo r= $e =( 20000 "am (Mee = [pst7 x] of 14.0