1. Propriedades de potência (a) sen2 x + cos2 x = 1
(b) tg2 x + 1 = sec2 x • an · am = an+m an (c) cotg2 x + 1 = cossec2 x • m = an−m a senx 1 (d) tgx = • a−1 = cos x a cos x (e) cotgx = • (am )n = am·n senx 1 • an · bn · cn = (a · b · c)n (f) cotgx = n tgx an a • n = 1 b b (g) secx = cos x 2. Propriedades de raiz 1 (h) cossecx = √ senx • n am = am/n (i) sen(a + b) = sena cos b + senb cos a √ • n an = a (j) sen(a − b) = sena cos b − senb cos a √ √ • n·p am·p = n am (k) cos(a + b) = cos a cos b − senasenb √ √ √ • na· nb= na·b (l) cos(a − b) = cos a cos b + senasenb p√ √ • n m a = n·m a (m) cos(a + b) + cos(a − b) = 2 cos a cos b 3. Seja f uma função real. Seja x ∈ Df , dizemos que x (n) cos(a + b) − cos(a − b) = −2senasenb é raiz de f, se e somente, se f (x) = 0 (o) sen(a + b) + sen(a − b) = 2sena cos b 4. Produto notável (p) sen(a + b) − sen(a − b) = −2senb cos a
(a) (a − b)2 = a2 − 2ab + b2 6. Limite
2 2 2 (b) (a + b) = a + 2ab + b senx (a) limx→0 =1 (c) (a − b)3 = (a − b)2 (a − b) = a3 − 3a2 b + 3ab2 − b3 x x 1 (d) (a + b)3 = (a + b)2 (a + b) = a3 + 3a2 b + 3ab2 + b3 (b) limx→∞ 1 + =e x (e) a2 − b2 = (a − b)(a + b) 7. Derivada (f) a3 − b3 = (a − b)(a2 + ab + b2 ) (a) (f · g)0 (x) = f 0 (x)g(x) + f (x)g 0 (x) (g) a4 − b4 = [(a2 )2 − (b2 )2 ] = (a2 − b2 )(a2 + b2 ) = 0 f f 0 (x)g(x) − f (x)g 0 (x) (a − b)(a + b)(a2 + b2 ) (b) (x) = g [g(x)]2 5. Trigonometria (c) f (g(x)) = f 0 (g(x)) · g 0 (x)