Escolar Documentos
Profissional Documentos
Cultura Documentos
1. Lima, Álvaro
2. Brazil
3. Imigração Brasileira
4. Imigrantes
Brasileiros
na América
Um estudo de Álvaro Lima
Todos os direitos reservados - 2009
Sobre o Autor
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Here we try to answer these questions using the most recent data from the
U.S. Census Bureau, the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), and our
own research: Alvaro Lima & Pete Plastrik 2007; Alvaro Lima & Eduardo
Sequeira 2007; Alvaro Lima, Eugenia Garcia-Zanello, & Manuel Orozco
2009;
Introdução
I. Introdução:
Este documento tem sua origem numa observação feita por um proeminente
brasileiro durante a reunião “Brasileiros no Mundo” na Flórida no ano pas-
sado:
Nós tentamos aqui responder a estas questões usando os mais recentes dados
do Censo Americano, do Banco de Desenvolvimento Interamericano (BID),
além das pesquisas feitas por nós: Alvaro Lima & Pete Plastrik 2007; Alvaro
Lima & Eduardo Sequeira 2007; Alvaro Lima, Eugenia Garcia-Zanello, &
Manuel Orozco 2009;
The 2000 U.S. Census counted 212,428 Brazilians living in the United States.
2007 data from the American Community Survey (ACS) put this number at
342,463 – a 61% increase;
The question then is how many Brazilians there are in the U.S. The best
way to answer this question is to use remittance data and “transform” it into
population data;
Remessas dos Estados Unidos para o Brasil (2006): De acordo com o Banco
Interamericano de Desenvolvimento (BID), os brasileiros vivendo nos Esta-
dos Unidos enviaram $2.7 bilhões para o Brasil;
11
Proportion of the Brazilian population living in the U.S. that remit to Brazil:
60% to 70%.
Valor médio das remessas enviadas por brasileiros dos Estados Unidos para
o Brasil: $300 a $400;
12
During the last decade, the population of Brazilians in New Jersey sur-
passed that of California which in 2000 was home to the third largest Brazil-
ian population:
Florida: 324,000
Massachusetts: 250,000
California: 162,000
New York: 147,000
New Jersey: 147,000
Florida: 324,000
Massachusetts: 250,000
California: 162,000
New York: 147,000
New Jersey: 147,000
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Em 2007, a idade média dos imigrantes Brasileiros nos Estados Unidos era
de 35.8 anos – similar a média de idade da população nativa e consideravel-
mente menor do que a dos outros imigrantes (40.2 anos);
22
23
Brazilian immigrants are more likely to be married than native residents but
less likely than all immigrants: 56 percent of Brazilians are married, com-
pared with 60 percent of all immigrants and 49 percent of natives:
Os imigrantes brasileiros tem uma propoção maior de pessoas que são casa-
das (56%) do que a população nativa (49%) e menor do que os outros imi-
grantes 60%):
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27
29
30
O domínio dos brasileiros sobre a língua Inglesa difere dos outros imigrantes.
Os brasileiros tem uma proporção menor de pessoas que não falam Ingles
(8.3%) comparado a 11.2 por cento para todos outros imigrantes. A proporção
dos brasileiros que falam somente Ingles (9.2%) tambem é menor quando
comparado aos 15.6 por cento para todos os imigrantes. No entanto, dois
terços dos brasileiros falam Ingles bem (25.4%) ou muito bem (39.7%), com-
parado com 53 porcento para todos os outros imigrantes;
32
A full third of Brazilians are high school graduates, compared with a quarter
of all immigrants and 31 percent of all natives;
Brazilians are also more likely to be college graduates than both immigrants
and native residents. 19 percent of Brazilians have a bachelor’s degree, com-
pared with 16 percent of all immigrants and 18 percent of natives;
Educational attainment at the graduate level is similar for all three groups: 10
percent of Brazilians and of natives as well as 11 percent of all immigrants
hold advanced degrees;
Enquanto 20 por cento de todos os imigrantes nos Estados Unidos não tem a
escola secundária completa, entre os brasileiros essa proporção é de somente
10 por cento;
34
Brazilian immigrants are more likely to participate in the labor force than are
both natives and immigrants:
Three quarters of Brazilians over the age of 16 are in the labor force, com-
pared with two thirds of all immigrants and 64 percent of natives;
Men’s labor force participation rates for the three groups are higher: 86 per-
cent of Brazilian men, 79 percent of all immigrant men, and 69 percent of
native men are in the labor force;
The labor force participation rate for Brazilian women is 64 percent, com-
pared with 55 percent for all immigrant women and 59 percent of native
women;
Tres quartos dos brasileiros maiores de 16 anos fazem parte da força de tra-
balho, comparado com dois terços de todos os imigrantes e 64 por cento dos
nativos;
36
These discrepancies are particularly large for workers with limited English
skills:
Entre os imigrantes que não falam ingles bem, 80 por cento dos brasileiros e
64 por cento de todos os imigrantes participam na força de trabalho;
Da mesm forma, 79 por cento dos brasileiros e 54 por cento de todos os imi-
grantes que não falam Ingles estão ou empregados ou ativamente procurando
trabalho;
38
A taxa de desemprego dos brasileiros em 2007 era somente 3.8 por cento,
comparado com 5.5 por cento para todos os imigrantes e 6.5 por cento para
os nativos;
40
Classe de Trabalhador
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The four most popular industries among Brazilian workers in the United
States are Construction; Arts, entertainment, recreation; accommodation and
food services; Other services; Professional, scientific, management, adminis-
trative and waste management services:
The industry breakdown of Brazilian immigrants differs from that of both all
immigrant and all native workers. The most popular industry for the latter
two groups is education and health care, which employs 17 percent of all im-
migrants and 22 percent of all native workers;
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57
A comparison of the median earnings for male workers yields very similar
results: while Brazilian male workers out-earn immigrant men, they make
only three quarters of the median native male earnings;
Brazilian women, in contrast, earn not only less than native women, but also
less than all immigrant female workers:
Remuneração Média
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Both Brazilian immigrant families and individuals tend to be less poor than
the immigrant and native populations;
In 2007, the poverty rate for families headed by Brazilians was 7.1 percent,
compared with 14.4 percent for all immigrant families and 8.6 percent for
native families;
Similarly, the individual poverty rate for Brazilians was lower (11%), com-
pared with 15.6 percent for all immigrants and 12.6 percent for all native
individuals:
Nível de Pobreza
Em 2007, o nível de pobreza das famílias brasileiras era de 7.1 por cento,
comparado com 14.4 por cento para todas as famílias imigrantes e 8.6 por
cento para as famílias nativas;
60
The ownership status of Brazilian immigrants differs from that of all immi-
grants and natives. Brazilians are much less likely to own their home than the
two groups – 39 percent of Brazilians are homeowners, compared with 54
percent of all immigrants and 69 percent of natives;
62
65
Alvaro Lima & Eduardo Sequeira – Brazilians in the U.S. and Massachusetts:
A Demographic and Economic Profile, 2007.
Alvaro Lima & Peter Plastrik - Leveraging Immigrant Remittances for De-
velopment, 2006
Referência:
Alvaro Lima & Eduardo Sequeira – Brazilians in the U.S. and Massachusetts:
A Demographic and Economic Profile, 2007.
Alvaro Lima & Peter Plastrik - Leveraging Immigrant Remittances for De-
velopment, 2006
66