7 Chapter 03

3
wdl iy iudc h;,

myiql
3'1 iuia; kslaIK
wd
r:l
jrOk l%shdj,shg Wmld u i|yd
wdr:l yd iudc h;, myiql jehqKq
lsu flfrys cd;sl ixjrOk jevms<sfjf,ys
m%uqL;ajh wLKavj ys jQ w;r" im;a mok
lr.;a jrOkhl isg M,hS;djh mok lr.;a
jrOkhla lrd wdr:lh mjr;kh lsug ta ;=<ska
myiql ie,fia' zue wdh W.=,Z u.yeu i|yd
Y%S ,xldj rorYS l%shdudr. .kska isk neka
h;, myiql i|yd wLKavj wdfhdackh lsu
iy M,hS;djh by< kexu w;sYhska jeo.;a f'
ta wkqj" rcfha ixjrOk jevms<sfj,g wkql+,j
u;a;, rdcmlaI cd;Hka;r .=jka f;dgqfmd<"
fld<U jrdh ixjrOk jHdmD;sfha ol=Kq ny
mrhka;h iy fld<U - lgqkdhl wf.S udr.h
jeks m%Odk h;, myiql ixjrOk jHdmD;s
lsysmhl jdc fufyhq lghq;= jir ;=< wdrN
fl' ;jo" udr. m%jdykfha ldrhlaIu;djh
iy k.r w;r inkaO;djh jehqKq lrka
olaIsK wf.S udr.fha f.dv.u - mskakj
fldgi iy msg; jgrjq uyd udr.fha fldgdj
- lvqfj, fldgi" 2014 udr;= udifha r:jdyk
.ukd.ukh i|yd jD; fl' fkdfrdfpdaf,a
.,aw`.=re n,d.drfha fojk whr" ud. reyqKqmqr
uyskao rdcmlaI jrdfha fojk whr" W;=re h
udr.h" fld<U ol=Kq jrdh fojk whr" msg;
jgrjq uydudr.fha fojk whr jeks uyd
mudK h;, myiql ixjrOk jHdmD;sj,

bls lghq;= jir ;=< i;=gqhl ugka
l%shd;aul h' mqrjeishkaf.a wjYH;d imqrd,Su iy
wdfhdack i|yd wdlrIKh lr.; yels k.r f,i
k`.disgqf wruqKska hq;=j ishu m%Odk k.rj,
kd.l ixjrOk lghq;= l%shd;aul fl' f
w;r" zu. ke.=uZ .%dh udr. ixjrOk jevigyk"
.%dh ,s jHdmD;s" jdudr. jHdmD;s iy m%cd
uQ, c,imdok jHdmD;s jeks l=vd mudKfha
h;, myiql ixjrOk jHdmD;s /ila m%dfoaYSh
ixjrOkhg myiql i,ika wLKavj l%shd;aul
fl' 2013 jifr wdr:l yd iudc h;,
myiql ixjrOk jevigyk i|yd jQ rdcH
wdfhdackh remsh,a ,shk 447'0 la ô'foa'ks'fhka
ishhg 5'2 la& h'
iudc orYl w;ska Y%S ,xldj ie,lsh hq;=
m%.;shla w;alrf.k isk w;r" idrj;% m%d:l
wOHdmkhg we;=<;af Y=oaO wkqmd;h" ia;%S mqreI
iudkd;au;djh" o;djh" <ore yd ud;D urK
wkqmd;h jeks wxY hgf;a 2015 jkg w;alr
.ekSug b,lal lr we;s iyY% ixjrOk wNsu;dr:
(Millennium Development Goals) f jkg;a
myiqfjka blaujd f.dia we;' M,hS;djh" jk
;;a;ajh iy rf wdr:l jrOk l%shdj,shg
ldrhlaIu f,i hl ug we;s yelshdj u; iDcq
n,mEula we;s lrk udkj m%d.aOkfha jeo.;a wx.
YS% ,xld uy nexl=j | jdrIsl jdr;dj 2013
3'1 ixLHd
igyk
wdl iy iudc h;, myiql
78
h;, myiql i|yd jQ rdcH wdfhdack
wdr:l fiajd
jrIh
2004
re'
o'foa'ks'
,shk ]^w&
iudc fiajd
re'
,shk
o'foa'ks'
]^w&
tl;=j
re'
o'foa'ks'
,shk ]^w&
61.3
2.9
29.0
1.4
90.3
4.3
2005
77.5
3.2
60.4^wd&
2.5
137.9
5.7
2006
106.8
3.6
48.4
1.6
155.2
5.3
2007
141.2
3.9
55.0
1.5
196.2
5.5
2008
168.9
3.8
60.2
1.4
229.1
5.2
2009
256.4
5.3
53.9
1.1
310.3
6.4
2010
278.8
5.0
56.2
1.0
335.0
6.0
2011
326.0
3.8
63.4
0.7
389.4
4.5
2012
343.8
4.5
71.2
0.9
415.0
5.5
2013 ^we&
369.4
4.3
77.6
0.9
447.0
5.2
^w& ckf,aLk yd ixLHdf,aLk

fomdr;fka;=f o'foa'ks'

weia;fka;= u; mok f'
^wd& iqkd jHikh wdY%;
s bls
i|yd jQ m%d.aOk ho o we;=<;a
^we& ;djld,sl
uQ,hka( uqo,a yd l%uimdok

wud;HdxYh
ckf,aLk yd ixLHdf,aLk
fomdr;fka;=j
h'
YS% ,xld uy nexl=j

f,i mqoa.,hkaf.a fi!LH yd wOHdmk ugu

ykd f.k we;' tneka Y%S ,xldj" ue wdh
W.=, u.yer ol=Kq wdishdf m%uqL flakaia:dkhla
njg m;aug hk .ufka wOHdmk yd fi!LH
lafIa;%j, .=Kd;aulNdjh jehqKq lsug by<
wjOdkhla fhduq h hq;= w;r" ta i|yd m%dfhda.sl
m%fYhl we;s wjYH;djh ykdf.k we;' f yd
inkaOj wOHdmkfha m%dfoaYSh Iu;d wju lsu"
fiajd iemhqu Yla;su;a lsu iy fYaIfhkau"
Y%u n,ldfha by< ksmqK;d i|yd foaYShj yd
cd;Hka;r jYfhka mj;sk b,aug i,k m
;D;Shsl ugf Ihud,djka jehqKq lsu jeks
mshjr rdYshla rch iska f.k we;' ;jo" ;D;Shsl
wOHdmk lafIa;%fha mj;sk W!K;djkag iula
f,i kj wdh;k ys lsu i|yd rgg wdfl kj
wdorYhla ksrudKh lsu wjYH jk w;r" mj;sk
wdh;kj, .=Kd;aul w<;ajh yd ;r.ld;ajh
by< kexu i|yd o m%;sixialrK is l< hq;=h'
f w;r" ck;djf.a fi!LH ;;a;ajfhys ksrka;r
jrOkh i|yd fi!LH lafIa;%h fjkqfjka
wLKavj is l< wdfhdack Wmld jQ w;r" tu.ska
Y%u n,ldfha M,hS;djh o by< kexjq' m%d:l
fi!LH fiajd wdh;k Yla;su;a lsu iy fYaI{
frday,a iu`. we;s iudfhdackh by< kexu u.ska
taldnoaO fi!LH fiajd iemhSf kj l%ufohla
we;s lsug f.k we;s j;auka mshjr u.ska
b,lal.; iy ldrhlaIu fiajd iemhqula iy;sl
jkq we;ehs wfmalaId flfr' myiq , .Kka hgf;a
M,hS T!IO ,nd.ekSf myiql jehqKq lrk

w;ru" tajdfha by< ;;a;aj m%;Ska iy;sl lrka
T!IOj, ldrhlaIu Nd;h m%jrOkh lsu i|yd
o mshjr f.k we;'
rdcH - fm!oa.,sl yjq,ald;ajh ;=<ska m%Odk
jYfhkau n,Yla;sh" m%jdykh" ksjdi" wOHdmkh
iy fi!LH jeks wxYj, h;, myiql
ixjrOk lghq;= i|yd iyNd.S ug fm!oa.,sl
wxYhg w;sYd, Nj;djhla mj;S' fjf<|fmd<
;r.ld;ajhg ndOd we;s lrk iyc taldld
,laIK iy fm!oa.,sl m%;s,dN blaujd iudcuh
m%;s,dN yslr ug fya;=jk iudc yd mdil
3'2 ixLHd
igyk
uE;l ksu l< iy ls%hd;aul fjka mj;sk

m%Odk h;, myiql ixjOk jHdmD;s
jrIh
jHdmD;sfha ku
,sn, jHdmD;s
fkdfrdfpdaf,a .,aw`.r
= e n,d.drh
whr I
whr II : 2 jk tallh
whr II : 3 jk tallh
Wud Th c, ,s n,d.drh
idmQr .,aw`.r
= e n,d.drh
udr. ixjrOk jHdmD;s
olaIK
s wf.S udr.h
whr I
whr II
fld<U - lgqkdhl wf.S udr.h
msg; jgrjq uydudr.h
whr I
whr II
whr III
h udr. ixjrOk jHdmD;s
W;=re h udr.h m%;i
s xialrK jHdmD;sh
ueojh - uvq udr.h
uvq - ;f,hsukakdru udr.h
ukaf;hs - mf,hs udr.h
mf,hs - lkalika;f
= r udr.h
ix yd ,s ixfoaY moaO;sh
ud;r - l;r.u h udr. jHdmD;sh
whr I : ud;r - fn,sw;a; udr.h
jrdh ixjrOk jHdmD;s
fld<U ol=Kq jrdh jHdmD;sh
ol=Kq ny mrhka;h
kef.kysr ny mrhka;h
ud. reyqKm
q r
q uyskoa rdcmCI jrdh
whr I
whr II
T,a jrdh ixjrOk jHdmD;sh
.=jka f;dgqfmd< ixjrOk jHdmD;s
u;a;, rdcmCI cd;Hka;r .=jka f;dgqfmd<
whr I
nKavdrkdhl cd;Hka;r .=jka f;dgqfmd<
mq,a lsf jHdmD;sh
ksu l<
2011
ksu lsug
wfmalaIs;
2014
2014
2015
2017
2011
2014
2013
2014
2013
2014
2015
2017
2014
2014
2015
2016
2013
2010
2013
2014
2015
2013
2017
3'2 wdl h;, myiql m%;sm;a;s" wdh;ksl

rduqj yd l%shdld;ajh
mjqv yqjudre fiajd
uE; jirj, f;dr;=re yd ikaksfok

;dlaIKh wdr:l lghq;= i|yd m%YxikSh f,i
Nd;d lrkq olakg ,enq' wdr:l lghq;=j,
ldrhlaIu;djh yd M,hS;djh jrOkh lr
.ekSu i|yd uQ,H wdh;k iska b-nexl=lrKh"
cx.u rl:k nexl=lrKh" cx.u l=Kqfmd<
yd fmd iajhxl%Sh fg,r hka;% moaO;s jeks fiajd
yryd f;dr;=re yd ikaksfok ;dlaIK fiajd 2013
jifr je jYfhka Nd;d lrk ,' flfia jqj
o" uQ,H wdh;k iska h;, myiql" f;dr;=re
;dlaIK moaO;s yd iajhxl%Sh moaO;s fmdf
Nd;h yryd fufyhq msjeh wvqlr .kakd
w;r" hqKq ikaksfok fiajd yryd nexl= wdY%s;
kjHlrK ud,s ;jrg;a .fIKh lsu jeo.;a
jkq we;' f w;r" f;dr;=re ;dlaIKh yd jHdmdr
ls%hdj,s ndysr mdrYjhka fj; mejf jHdmdrj,
mej;s f.j;a jrOkh fya;=fjka f,dal fY%a.;
lsj, zm%uqL;u rgj,a 25Z ;=< wka;r.; ug
Y%S ,xldjg yels h' wvq msjehlska hq;a olaI Y%u
n,ldh" jrOkSh ldrh ipdr m%;sm;a;s" jHdmdr
lsf ys;lr mirh yd ys;lr ld, wka;rh
jeks idOl" rfgys fuu fY%a.; ls w;alr
.ekSu i|yd Wmld h' flfia jqj o" f;dr;=re
;dlaIK$jHdmdr lghq;= ndysr mdrYjhka fj;

mejf jHdmdr yd kqu mok lr.;a jHdmdr
l%shdj,s ndysr mdrYjhka fj; mejf jHdmdrj,
jrOkh fjkqfjka wjYH h;, myiql mq,a
lsu i|yd ikaksfok fiajd iemhqlrejka yg
;jrg;a bv m%ia:d mj;sk w;r" th Y%S ,xldj"
ndysr mdrYjhka fj; mejf jHdmdr i|yd
fyd|u rgj,a w;r ;jrg;a by< ia:dkhla lrd
kexu i|yd b;d jeo.;a jkq we;' Y%S ,xldf
f;dr;=re ;dlaIK$jHdmdr lghq;= ndysr mdrYjhka
fj; mejf jHdmdrj, fiajd wmkhk wdhu
2015 jir jkg t'c' fvd,r ,shk 1 fj; <`.d
jkq we;ehs wfmalaId flfr'
wka;rcd, fiajdjkays is jQ iS>% jrOkh" 2013
jifr ,s ixfoaY wxYfha lemS fmkqKq m%Odk
,laIKh h' 2013 jir ;=< uq wka;rcd,
inkaO;d m%udKh ishhg 47 lska jrOkh
fjka wka;rcd, inkaO;d >K;ajh ^mqoa.,hka
ishhlg we;s inkaO;d m%udKh& ishhg 9'8
la olajd jrOkh h' f i|yd cx.u rl:k
wka;rcd, inkaO;dj, f.j;a jrOkh fukau
ia:djr rl:k wka;rcd, inkaO;dj, jrOkh
o Wmld h' ksis o;a; meflachla fkdue;sj
cx.u rl:k yryd wka;rcd,hg inkaOjkakka
by; ;lafiarej,g we;=<;a fkdjk fyhska ienE
wka;rcd, inkaO;d >K;ajh fuhg jvd
by< h yelsh' ;jo" fiajd ia:dk" keKi,
uOHia:dk" fm!oa.,sl wka;rcd, fiajd imhk
ia:dk yd .Dyia: ia:djr wka;rcd, inkaO;d
jeks fmd m%fY ia:dk fndfyda mYS,lhska
Nd;d l< o" by; ;lafiare u.ska tjeks
inkaO;d tla inkaO;djhla f,i i,ld we;'
cx.u iy ia:djr rl:k fiajd iemhqlrejka
iska ;=kajk mrmrdf (3G) yd y;rjk
mrmrdf (4G) wdjrK l,dmhkays iy ia:djr
/yeka iys; wka;rcd, inkaO;d fiajdj,
is lrkq ,nk f.j;a jrOkh ie,lSf
wka;rcd, inkaO;d >K;ajfhys by< jrOkhla
b jirj, o olakg ,efnkq we;ehs wfmalaId
flfr' tfia u" wvq m%fY msjeh" ;r.ld .dia;=
iy fiajd iemhqlrejkaf.a m%jrOk jevigyka
u.ska fuu m%jK;djh i|yd myiql ie,fikq
we;' wka;rcd;sl ,s ixfoaY ix.uh (ITU) iska
2013 uehs udifha ksl=;a lrk ,o jdr;djlg
wkqj ia:djr wka;rcd, fiajd fj; m%fY f
wju .dia;= we;s rg f,i Y%S ,xldj fY%a.; lr
we;'
ndysr;d mej;Su fya;=fjka im%hsl jYfhka"

h;, myiql iemhSu rdcH wxYhg iSud jQ iy
tys m%uqL;djhla f,i mej;=' flfia jqj o"
b,au yd iemhqu w;r mq,a mr;rhla ksrudKh
lrka f.da,Sh ixjrOkhka" ck.yk jrOkh"
kd.lrKh yd wdh jrOkhg iu.dj kk
h;, myiql i|yd jk b,au o f.fhka
by< hka mj;S' m%Odk jYfhkau m%d.aOkh
iemhSu" l<ukdlrKh iy kv;a;= lghq;= mjrd
.ekSu yryd fuu mr;rh mshu i|yd fm!oa.,sl
wxYhg Yd, ldrhNdrhla bgq l< yelsh'
;jo" fm!oa.,sl wxYh i;= fYaI{ kqu yd
ksmqK;ajh w;alr .kakd w;r;=r kjHlrKh yd
ldrhlaIu;djh we;s l< yels wdldrfha ksmqK;d
yd kqu tlsfkld w;r yqjudre lr .ekSu i|yd
rdcH - fm!oa.,sl yjq,ald;ajh ;=<ska wjia:dj
ys f' ta w;r" rdcH uQ,H u; we;sjk mSvkh wvq
lrka iuia; idrj wdr:l l<ukdlrKh iy
ia:dhS;djh mj;ajd .ekSu i|yd tjeks jHdmdr
Wmld jkq we;'
79
,s ixfoaY kshduk fldIka iNdj ,s

ixfoaY lrudka;fha jrOkh fjkqfjka wLKavj
myiql ie,iSh' ,s ixfoaY kshduk fldIka
iNdj iska kk cx.u rl:k fn%danEka
3'3 ixLHd
igyk
,s ixfoaY wxYfha l%shdld;ajh
YSrIh
2012
1' ia:r rl:k fiajd ^Z000&

/yeka iys; rl:k ixLHdj
/yeka rys; rl:k ixLHdj
2' cx.u rl:k ^Z000&
jrOk
wkqmd;h ]
2013 ^w& 2012 2013 ^w&
3,449 2,707
999 1,062
2,450 1,645 ^wd&
-4.4
6.1
-8.1
-21.5
6.3
-40.2
20,324 20,315 ^wd& 10.9
0.0
3' wfkl=;a fiajd

fmd rl:k l=
6,983 6,788
wka;rcd, .%dyl ixLHdj ^Z000& ^w& 1,366 2,012
4' rl:k >k;ajh ^wE&
ia:rs rl:k
cx.u rl:k
8.1
61.7
117.0
112.4
11.2
100.0
99.2
13.9
17.0
13.2
-1.7
-2.8
47.3
-3.8
-22.4
-0.8
5' wka;rcd, >K;ajh

6.7
9.8
67.5
46.3
^w& ;djld,sl
uQ,hka( YS% ,xld ,s ixfoaY kshduk
^wd& 2013 ckjd ui ilS%h rl:k fldiu
inkaO;d ms<sn| jr.SlrKh

ckf,aLk yd ixLHdf,aLk
ixfYdaOkh lsu fya;=fjka 2013 fomdr;fka;=j
rl:k inkaO;d m%udKh wvqh'
^we& cx.u wka;rcd, inkaO;d we;=<;aj
^wE& mqoa.,hska 100 lg we;s inkaO;d
ixLHdj f,i wr: laf'
80
3'1 rEm
igyk
rl:k >K;ajh
120
mqoa.,hka 100 lg we;s

rl:k ixLHdj
uE; jirj, olakg ,enqKq iS>% jrOkfhys

m%;sM,hla f,i idudkH weu;= fiajd i|yd
mj;sk b,au ix;Dma; wjhg <`.d we;s njla
fmkS hhs' 2013 jir uq, ,s ixfoaY kshduk
fldIka iNdj iska il%Sh ia:djr /yeka rys;
rl:k yd cx.u rl:k inkaO;d jr.SlrKh
lsf iu;hka fjkia lsu fya;=fjka tu
inkaO;dj, jrOkfha h miqneiSula olakg
,enq' f w;r" uE; jirj, ia:djr /yeka rys;
rl:k inkaO;dj, mej;s miq neiSf m%jK;dj
fuu jir ;=< o mej;s w;r" ta wkqj ia:djr
rl:k inkaO;d >K;ajh 2012 jifr mej;s
ishhg 17'0 isg 2013 jifr ishhg 13'2 la olajd
my< .sfhah' ,s ixfoaY kshduk fldIka iNdj
iska jir uq, is lrk ,o jr.SlrK iu;hka
fjkia lsu fya;=fjka cx.u rl:k inkaO;d
m%udKh miq.sh jir iu`. iiòd ne,Sf laIlj
my< hdu iòyd mok n,mEula we;s jqj o" miq.sh
jirg idfmalaIj cx.u rl:k inkaO;d
m%udKfhys is jQ miqnEu b;d uò h' tfiau"
idudkHfhka iEu Y%S ,dxlslfhl= i;=ju cx.u
rl:k inkaO;djhla mej;Su ms<sUq lrka
cx.u rl:k inkaO;d >K;ajh ishhg 99'2 la
f,i 2013 jir wjidkfha igyka h'
100
80
60
40
20
0
2009
ia:r
2010
2011
cx.u
2012
2013
uq rl:k
;dlaIKfha jHdma;shg myiql ie,iSu msi

y;rjk mrmrdf (4G) cx.u rl:k fn%danEka
;dlaIKh i|yd ixLHdk mrdihka ksl=;a lrk
,o w;r" y;rjk mrmrdf cx.u rl:k
fn%danEka ;dlaIKh jdc jYfhka 2013 jifr
wdrN lrk ,' ,s ixfoaY fiajd ;jrg;a
h yels uqo,lg ,nd .ekSf jeo.;alu ykd
.kska" h;, myiql jHdma; lsu iòyd ork
msjeh wju lsug Wmld jk f,i rl:k
fiajd iemhqlrejka w;r im;a fmdf Nd;h
m%jrOkh lsu iòyd ,s ixfoaY kshduk fldIka
iNdj O mshjr .;a w;r" tu.ska .dia;= ;jrg;a
wvq lr .ekSug yels jkq we;' 2014 jifr whjeh
fhdackdj,g wkqj" 2014 jifr ckjd ui isg
idudkH weu;= i|yd jk whn ishhg 20 isg
ishhg 25 olajd jelsug ,s ixfoaY kshduk
fldIka iNdj iska mshjr .kakd ,' flfia jqj
o" wka;rcd, fiajd i|yd jk whn ishhg 10 ys
fkdfjkiaj mj;ajd .ekq' f w;r" wka;rcd,
fiajd iemhqlrejka w;r .=Kd;aulNdjh b,lal
lr.;a ;r.ld;ajhla we;s lru msi" ,s
ixfoaY kshduk fldIka iNdj iska ia:djr yd
cx.u rl:k md lrkakka w;r wka;rcd,
fiajdjkays .=Kd;aulNdjh ms<sn| kqj;a lsf
l%shdudr. ilS%hj is lrk ,' tfia u" ,s ixfoaY
kshduk fldIka iNdj" ia:djr yd cx.u rl:k
idudkH weu;= fiajdj, .=Kd;aulNdjh jrOkh
i|yd kshdukhka ykajd f l%shdj,shl o fh
isfhah' f w;r" rEmjdyskS pek, 50 lg iy
.=jka ,s pek, 35 lg wl ixLHdjlg ish ;rx.
ldYh lsug myiql i,ik fld<U fk
l=K blsf lghq;= 2015 jifr ksu lsug
wfmalaIs; w;r tu.ska jdcH yd fkdaod;aul
lghq;= i|yd O myiql imhkq we;'
2013 jifr ;eme,a fomdr;fka;=jg ish

fufyhq w,dN wvq lr .ekSug yels h' ;eme,a
fomdr;fka;=f fufyhq w,dNh 2012 jifr
mej;s remsh,a ,shk 3'3 g idfmalaIj 2013 jifr
remsh,a ,shk 2'9 la olajd ishhg 13'5 lska wvq
h' fuh ;eme,a fomdr;fka;=f uq wdhu
remsh,a ,shk 5'9 la olajd ishhg 19'3 lska
jrOkh f yd fufyhq hou remsh,a ,shk

8'8 la olajd ishhg 6'2 lska jef m%;sM,hls'
jir wjidkfha uq ;eme,a fiajh" m%Odk ;eme,a
ldrhd, 651 lska" Wm ;eme,a ldrhd, 3"375 lska"
ksfhda; ;eme,a ldrhd, 497 lska" .%dh
ksfhda; ;eme,a ldrhd, 101 lska yd j;= ;eme,a
ldrhd, 4 lska iuka; h' jir ;=< ;eme,a
fomdr;fka;=j iska uq jhsku wdjrKh jk
m iS>%.d mjqv fiajdjla ,nd u i|yd kshuq
jHdmD;shla f,i kj uqyqKqjrlska hq;=j iS>%.d
;eme,a mjqv fiajh ykajd fokq ,enq' f
w;r" jir 150 l muK fiajhlska miq 2013 jifr
Tlaf;danr udifha ,s mjqv fiajh w;aysgjkq
,enQ w;r" wvq Nd;h yd fiajh ,nd f isjk
wl msjeh ta i|yd fya;= h'
n,Yla;sh
cd;Hka;r fjf<|fmdf<a Lksc f;,a

, .Kka ia:djr ugul mej;Su yd ys;lr
ld,.=l ;;a;ajhla mej;Su fya;=fjka ;dm
,sn, W;amdokh wvqu lrKfldg f.k 2013
jifr Y%S ,xldf n,Yla;s lafIa;%h i;=gqhl
m%.;shla w;alr .;af;ah' 2013 jifr " ,xld
,sn, uKav,fha ^,x''u'& yd ,xld Lksc f;,a
kS;s.; ixia:df ^,x'L'kS'ix'& uQ,H l%shdld;ajh
o ie,lsh hq;= f,i jehqKq h' cd;Hka;r
fjf<|fmdf<a Lksc f;,a , .Kka idfmalaIj
wvq ugul mej;Su iy t'c' fvd,rhg idfmalaIj
remsh, ia:djrj mej;Su fya;=fjka Lksc f;,a ,
.ekSu i|yd jQ msjeh ia:djr ugul mej;='
flfia fj;;a" brdkh u; mek jQ indOl"
fndrf;,a msmyf l%shdld;ajh u; ;jrg;a
n,mEula we;s lf<ah' ;jo" O w;ajehd
lsf lghq;= fya;=fjka 2013 jifr ,s n,d.dr
lsysmhl ,sn, iemhqug ndOl we;sh' f w;r"
.,aw`.=re" c,h yd fjk;a n,Yla;s m%Nj Nd;fhka
,sn, W;amdokh by< kexu ;=<ska ue ld,fha
isg .=ld,Skj ,sn, W;amdokfha ixhq;sh
Odx.SlrKh lsu myiqu i|yd kgu;a
mshjr /ila f.k ;snqK o" 2014 jifr m<uq udi
lsysmh ;=< mej;s whym;a ld,.=l ;;a;ajh ksid
c, ,sn, W;amdokh iSudu" tjeks lmkj,g
Tfrd;a;= ug ,sn, lafIa;%fha mj;sk iQku
jehqKq lsu i|yd ;jrg;a mshjr .; hq;=
nj fmkakq lrhs' tuksid" mqkrckkSh n,Yla;s
m%Njj, mj;sk Nj;d Wmfhdackh lsu i|yd
f;dr;=re yd ikaksfok ;dlaIK fiajd

fj; m%fYh myiq lr,Su yd rdcH wdh;kj,
ldrhlaIu;dj" M,hS;dj yd fiajd .=Kd;aulNdjh
jehqKq lsu i|yd Y%S ,xld f;dr;=re yd
ikaksfok ;dlaIK ksfhda;dh;kh ksr;=reju
myiql i,ihs' uq keKi, uOHia:dk ixLHdj
741 la olajd by< kxjka 2013 jir ;=< kj
uOHia:dk 54 la rgmqrd msysgqjk ,o w;r" tu.ska
f;dr;=re yd ikaksfok ;dlaIK fiajd fj;
.%dh m%cdjf.a m%fYh jehqKq lsug myiql
i,ikq we;' .egq mej;s m%foaYj, iSS>% jrOkh
i|yd myiql i,ika ta w;ka kj keKi,
uOHia:dk 41 la W;=re m<df;a ia:dmkh lrk ,'
jir ;=< rdcH wdh;k 74 la ,xld rdcH cd,h yd
inkaO jQ w;r" tu.ska iqrlaIs; bf,lafg%dksl
ikaksfokhka yryd ck;dj fj; ria: myiql
iemfhkq we;' 2013 jir wjidkh jkg uOHu
yd m<d;a rdcH wdh;k 550 la muK ,xld rdcH
cd,h yd inkaO h' tfiau" Y%S ,xld f;dr;=re
yd ikaksfok ;dlaIK ksfhda;dh;kh iska
O mqyqKq yd maf,daud jevigyka iy keKi,
uOHia:dk yryd rdcH ks,Odkaf.a" isiqkaf.a
yd idudkH ck;djf.a ksmqK;d jrOkh lsug
wjOdkh fhduq lrk ,' fujeks mqyqKq jevigyka
u.ska w< b-rdcH (e-Government) fhda.H;d
we;=<;a jk m f;dr;=re yd ikaksfok ;dlaIK
kdhl;ajh iy ;dlaIK ksmqK;d yd Od;dj,ska
iuka; mqyqKq jD;a;slhka msila rdcH fiajh
;=< ys lsu i|yd myiql i,id we;' f
w;r" f,dal wdr:l ixjdo uKavmh (WEF) u.ska
imdokh lrkq ,nk cd,.; iQk orYlfhys
Y%S ,xldfjys fY%ah 2012 jifr mej;s 71 jk
ia:dkfha isg 2013 jifr 69 jk ia:dkh olajd
jrOkh h' fuu jrOkh u.ska Y%S ,xld f;dr;=re
yd ikaksfok ;dlaIK wxYfhys Yla;su;a nj
ms<sUq flfrk w;r" rfgys wdr:l yd iudchSh
ixjrOkh i|yd f;dr;=re yd ikaksfok
;dlaIKh yd wfkl=;a kj ;dlaIKhka Nd;d
l< yels f Nj;dj oydmdhs'
81
m%udKj;a wjOdkhla fhduq l< hq;= w;r" tu

n,Yla;s m%Njhka ;r.ld iy idOdrK ,
.Kka hgf;a ,efnk nj o ;yjqre lr .;
hq;=h' ;jo" n,Yla;s msjeh inkaO .egj,g
ms<sh fidhk w;r;=r" n,Yla;s Nd;fha
ldrhlaIu;djh jehqKq lsu i|yd n,Yla;sh
iq/lSf l%shdudr. Nd;h ffOrhu;a lsu o
jeo.;a f'
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2013 jifr uq ,sn, W;amdokh 2012

jifr jdr;d l< .s'fjd'me' 11"801 g idfmalaIj
.s'fjd'me' 11"954 la olajd ishhg 1'3 lska uOHia:
jYfhka by< .sfhah' jir uq,af,a mej;s
hym;a ld,.=l ;;a;ajh fya;=fjka c, ,s
W;amdokfha hl;ajh b;d i;=gqhl f,i by<
.sfhah' ta wkqj" c, ,sn, W;amdokh .s'fjd'me'
6"918 la olajd ishhg 110'1 lska by< .sh w;r
;dm ,sn, W;amdokh .s'fjd'me' 4"772 la olajd
ishhg 42'8 lska my< .sfhah' f w;r" ;dm
,sn, W;amdokfhys fldgila jk .,aw`.=re
u.ska ;dm ,sn, W;amdokh" .s'fjd'me' 1"469
la olajd ishhg 4'6 lska by< .sfhah' f w;r"
iq mudK c, ,sn, W;amdokh o we;=<;aj
idm%hsl fkdjk mqkrckkSh n,Yla;s yryd
,sn, W;amdokh .s'fjd'me' 1"171 la olajd ishhg
59'3 lska by< .sfhah' ria: m%foaY fj; ,sh
m%idrKh lsu uOHfha jqj o iuia: moaO;s
w,dNh uq ,sn, W;amdokfhys m%;sY;hla f,i
ishhg 11 l ugul mj;ajd .ekSug yels h' uq
,sn, W;amdokh i|yd ,x''u' u.ska ,nd ka
hl;ajh 2012 jifr mej;s ishhg 52 isg 2013
jifr ishhg 74 la olajd jrOkh h'
,sn, W;amdokhg c, ,s iy
;dm ,s m%;sY; odhl;ajh
3'2 rEm
igyk
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40
20
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c, ,sh
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lrka 2013 jifr wfm%a,a ui ,sn, .dia;= by<
kxjk ,' tu ixfYdaOkhg wkqj" wvq wdh,dNS
3'4 ixLHd
igyk
,sn, wxYfha ls%hdld;ajh
YSrIh
2012
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3,312
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1,584
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1,638
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90
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3,285
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2,202
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1,302
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109
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ixhq;sh ^.s.dfjd meh&
.Dyia: iy wd.l
lrudka;
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wdf,dal lsu
2010
2011
2012
;dm ,sh
2013
jrOk
wkqmd;h ]
2013 ^w& 2012 2013 ^w&
3,371
1,623
1,649
99
11,954
5.2
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3,546
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262
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mdfNda.slhka ixLHdj ^Z000& ^we& 5,477
bka" .Dyia: iy wd.l
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576
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lrka ,sn, wf,h 2012 jifr jdr;d
l< .s'fjd'me' 10"475 g idfmalaIj" 2013 jifr
.s'fjd'me' 10"625 la olajd ishhg 1'4 lska by<
.sfhah' .Dyia: ,s mdfNda.slhka m%udKh
ishhg 4'5 lska jrOkh jqj o by< .sh ,s
.dia;=jg ms<shula f,i n,Yla;s ixrlaIKh
i|yd jQ keUqrej ms<sUq lrka" .Dyia: ,sn,
mfNdackh ishhg 1'0 lska my< .sfhah' ixpdrl
lrudka;fha iy wfkl=;a jHdmdr lghq;=j,
wLKav jrOkh ms<sUq lrka zfydag,aZ iy zfmd
lghq;=Z wxY i|yd ,sn, wf,h ms<sfj,ska
ishhg 5'0 la iy ishhg 5'2 la f,i jrOkh h'
f w;r" zlrudka;Z wxYfha ,sn, mfNdackh
ishhg 1'9 lska uOHia: f,i jrOkh h'
555
244
421
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^mqoa.,sl& iud.u
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wjidkfha
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nexl= Kh ,nd .ekSf wjYH;dj wvq lsu
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24
22
20
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
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2011
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2013
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idudkH msjeh
m%;sm;a;shla iys;j ,s .dia;= ixfYdaOkh lsu

b;d jeo.;a mshjrla h' miq.sh jirj, " ,x''u'
uqyqK mE w,dNhka fya;=fjka" nexl= moaO;sh ;=<
mqoa.,sl wxYfha wdfhdack i|yd fhduq h hq;=
uQ,H im;a u; wjdis iy.; n,mEula t,a,
flreKq w;r" tu.ska jvd M,hS wdfhdack fj;
uqo,a ldrhlaIu f,i .,d hdu i|yd ndOd we;s h'
fuh rfgys m%d.aOk imdokh flfrys wys;lr
f,i n,mE w;r" tu.ska idrj wdr:l p,Hhka
jk fmd,S wkqmd;" fiajd kshqla;sh" ksuh
wkqmd;h iy fYaIfhka u rdcH l<ukdlrKh
yd WoaOukh flfrys o wys;lr n,mE we;s
lrkq ,e' f jkg .dia;= ixfYdaOkh u.ska
we;s lrkq ,enQ taflda; WoaOuk n,mEu u`.ye
we;s w;r" ish wdr:l mdrYjlrejka ,sh
ldrhlaIuj yd msueiqhlj Nd;d lr .kska
kj ,s .dia;= ixfYdaOkhg ukdj wkq.;
we;' fuh zlrudka;Z" zfydag,aZ iy zfmd lghq;=Z
wxYj, ,sn, wf,fha jrOkSh m%jK;dj u.ska
ms<sUq h'
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fmfkk jrOkhla w;alr .;af;ah' 2012 jifr
jdr;d l< remsh,a ,shk 62'1 l fufyhq w,dNhg
idfmalaIj .Kkh fkdl< ;djld,sl uQ,H
o;a;j,g wkqj 2013 jifr ,x''u' remsh,a ,shk
24'6 l fufyhq ,dNhla jdr;d lf<ah' ,sn,
W;amdokh i|yd jir ;=< c, uQ,dY% Yd, f,i
fhd .ekSu yd .dia;= ixfYdaOkh u.ska udislj
remsh,a ,shk 2'5 l w;sfrl wdhula bmehSu"
fuu uQ,H jrOkh i|yd uQ,sl jYfhka fya;= h'
,sn, W;amdokh i|yd Nd;d lrk f;,a
, wfm%a,a ui isg remsh,a 25 lska je lrkq ,enqj
o" ;dm ,sn, W;amdokh wvq ugul mej;Su
2013 jifr ,x''u'fha Lksc f;,a hou remsh,a
,shk 29'4 la olajd ishhg 30'8 lska my<hdu
i|yd Wmld h' ishu msjeh ixrpl ie,l+
g" ,x''u'fha l=Kq wka;fha ,s tallhla
W;amdokh lsu i|yd ork ,o idudkH hou
iy ,s tallhla iòyd wh l< idudkH .dia;=j
ms<sfj,ska remsh,a 17'70 la iy remsh,a 18'23 la jQ
w;r tallhla i|yd ,o ,dNh remsh,a 0'53 la h'
f w;r" 2013 jir wjidkh jkg ,x''u' u.ska
,nd.;a flld,Sk nexl= Kh iy ,x'L'kS'ix' yd
iajdk ,sn, ksIamdolhska i|yd is lsug we;s
flld,Sk j.lSj, tl;=j remsh,a ,shk 90'1
la olajd remsh,a ,shk 47'2 lska my< .sh w;r"
fkdmshjQ .=ld,Sk j.lSj, tl;=j 2012 jifr
mej;s remsh,a ,shk 406'4 g idfmalaIj 2013 jir
wjidkh jk g remsh,a ,shk 482'8 la f,i
jdr;d h'
3'3 rEm
igyk
tallhl , ^remsh,a&
mdfNda.slhska wdrlaId lsf wruqka ,s tall

60 lg wvqfjka mfNdackh lrk .Dyia: ,s
mdfNda.slhkaf.a ,s .dia;= ixfYdaOkh fkdlrk
,' flfia jqj o" ,s tall 60 lg jefhka
mfNdackh lrk .Dyia: ,s mdfNda.slhkaf.a
,s .dia;= O mudKfhka by< kxjk ,'
,s b,au iqug lsf wruqK we;sj" ldrh nyq,
fkdjk f,djkays zlrudka;Z yd zfmd ldrhZ
wxYhkays ,s mfNdackh by< ug wkqn,
foka tu f,djkays ,s .dia;= my< ouk ,o
w;r" ldrh nyq, f,djkays zlrudka;Z" zfmd
ldrhZ iy zfydag,aZ i|yd jk ,s .dia;=j by<
kxjk ,' ;jo" zfmd lghq;=Z wxYh i|yd ld,
mdol lr.;a .dia;= l%uhla ykajd fok ,'
m%Odk ,sn, jHdmD;s lsysmhlu bls

lghq;= jir ;=< l%shd;aul fjka mej;s' 2013
fmnrjd udifha W;=re ckkS ;dm ,s n,d.drh
u.ska cd;sl ,sn, moaO;shg fu'fjd' 24 la tla
lf<ah' fkdfrdfpdaf,a .,aw`.=re n,d.drfha
fojk mshjrg we;=<;a 2 jk iy 3 jk tallhka
ms<sfj,ska 2014 jifr wfm%a,a iy cQ,s udij,
cd;sl ,sn, moaO;shg tla lsug ksh;h'
fuu tall fol u.ska tlalrkq ,nk fu'fjd'
600 ;=<ska kg m%Odk jYfhka u iajdk ,sn,
ksIamdolhskaf.ka , .kq ,nk , wl ;dm
,sn, W;amdokh u; hemSu wvq flfrkq we;'
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83
84
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,sn, moaO;shg ;j;a fu'fjd' 120 la tla flfrkqq
we;' fu'fjd' 500 l Od;djhlska hq;a idmQr
.,aw`.=re n,d.drh blsu i|yd jk .siqu
w;aika ;nk ,o w;r" th 2017 jir wjidkfha
cd;sl ,sn, moaO;shg tla lsug ksh;h' fuu
,s n,d.dr ish,a, cd;sl ,sn, moaO;shg tla
lsu" rfgys iuia; ia:dms; Od;dj 2017 jir
wjidkh jkg fu'fjd' 4"591 la olajd ishhg
36 lska by< ug Wmld jkq we;' wvq msjeh
,sh W;amdokh lsf jHdmD;s ixjrOkh lsf
m%.;sh m%YxikSh jqj o" fuu ,s n,d.drhkays
wLKav l%shdld;ajh yd ,sn, iemhqu iy;sl
lsu msi fuu n,d.dr kv;a;= lsu i|yd
ksis ;dlaIKsl yelshdjla mej;Su b;d jeo.;a
f' .%dh ,sn, jHdmD;s 799 la wjika lsug
,x''u'fha' wLKav mY%uh Wmld jQ w;r" tu.ska
rfgys uq ,sn, m%fYh" 2012 jifr mej;s
ishhg 94 g idfmalaIj 2013 jifr ishhg 96 la
olajd jrOkh h'
foaYSh n,Yla;s uQ,dY%hka ixjrOkh iy
ixrlaIKh lsu fukau .fIKh yd mrfhaIK
lghq;= iòyd myiql ie,iSu ;=<ska rf mj;sk
ishu mqkrckkSh n,Yla;s m%Njhka Nd;hg
.ekSu yd tajdfha ;sridr Nd;h m%jrOkh lsu
i|yd Y%S ,xld iqks;H n,Yla;s wldh wLKavj
l%shdld f,i lghq;= lf<ah' uyskao ka;kfhka
n,dfmdfrd;a;= jk m iy Y%S ,xld iqks;H
n,Yla;s wldh i|yka lr we;s m" 2020
,sn, W;amdokfha mqkrckkSh n,Yla;Ska ys
b,lal.; hl;ajh jk ishhg 20 idlaId;a
lr .ekSf wfmalaId o,ajka mqkrckkSh
n,Yla;sfhys hl;ajh" 2012 jifr jdr;d l<
ishhg 6 g idfmalaIj 2013 jifr ishhg 10 la
jdr;d lf<ah' cd;sl ,sn, moaO;shg fu'fjd'
45 l muK Od;djhla iduQyslj tla lrka iq
mudK c, ,s n,d.dr jHdmD;s 22 la iy iq<x
yd Ydl bkaOk n,fhka l%shd;aul jk n,d.dr
jHdmD;shla ne.ska 2013 jir ;=< ia:dmkh
lrk ,' 2013 jir wjidkh jkg" iq mudK
c, ,s n,fhka fu'fjd' 262 la" iq<x n,fhka
fu'fjd' 81 la" ffcj bkaOk n,fhka fu'fjd' 11
la" Ydl n,fhka fu'fjd' 6 la iy iQrh n,fhka
fu'fjd' 1 la o cd;sl ,sn, moaO;shg inkaO lr
;snq' mqkrckkSh n,Yla;sfhys mj;sk ;sridr
iy mqkrckkSh iajNdjh fya;=fjka uq ,sn,
W;amdok ie,eiaug mqkrckkSh n,Yla;sh je

jYfhka tlalr .ekSug Y%S ,xldj Wkka jqj o"
idm%hsl fkdjk mqkrckkSh n,Yla;s lafIa;%h
jr;udkfha wh lrkq ,nk .dia;= l%uh wfkl=;a
idm%hsl n,Yla;s uQ,dY% yd iei`f by<hka
mj;S' tneka" msjeh wvq lr.ekSu iòyd" hqKq
;dlaIKh tlalr .ekSu iòyd fhduq h hq;= w;r"
tu`.ska idm%hsl fkdjk mqkrckkSh n,Yla;s
iòyd by<hka mj;sk .dia;= u.ska ck;dj u;
mSvkhla we;s fkdjk njg iy;sl h hq;=h'
;jo" .Dyia: iQrh ,sn, W;amdokh m%p,s;
lsu i|yd zfk gkaZ moaO;sh ykajd u;a
iu`. .Dyia: mdfNda.slhska ish .Dyia: ,sn,
wjYH;d imqrd .ekSu i|yd iQrh mek, ilr
.ekSug fhduq we;' iQrh moaO;sj, mj;sk .=
wdhq ld,h ie,ls,a,g .kska" mdfNda.slhskaf.a
udisl ,s f,ys b;sh udisl Kh jdlh
f.ug m%udKj;a jk m" W; .=ld,Sk kej;
f.f uQ,H l%ufohla ykajd u ;=<ska iQrh
moaO;s Nd;h i|yd mdfNda.slhka wdlrIKh
lr.; yelsh' fuu l%ufoh mdfNda.slhkaa yd
n,Yla;s lafIa;%h hk fomdrYjhu i|yd .=ld,Sl
m%;s,dN Wmojkq we;'
Lksc f;,a
cd;Hka;r fjf<|fmdf<a fndrf;,a ,

miq.sh jirg idfmalaIj 2013 jifr my< ugul
mej;=' cd;Hka;r fjf<|fmdf<a fndrf;,a
^fn%ka& ner,hl idudkH , 2012 jifr
mej;s t'c' fvd,r 112'41 g idfmalaIj 2013 jifr
t'c' fvd,r 109'56 la f,i jdr;d h' fndrf;,a
ner,hl idudkH , 2013 fmnrjd udifha
t'c' fvd,r 117'39 la olajd by< .sh o" 2013 jifr
fojk ldr;=f th t'c' fvd,r 103'20 la olajd
my< jegqKq w;r" 2013 jifr fojk Nd.fha t'c'
fvd,r 108 yd 114 w;r iS; mrdihla ;=< p,kh
h' Bma;=f yd ishdf mej;s N+-foaYmd,ksl
.eg" brdlfha yd ,shdf ksIamdok lghq;=
inkaOj mej;s wjysr;d fya;=fjka fndrf;,a
iemhqug ndOd we;su iy tlai;a ckmoh" kh
yd hqfrda l,dmfha wdr:lh h:d ;;a;ajhg m;au
ukao.d u jeks lreKq jir ;=< is jQ fuu ,
p,khka i|yd fndfydarg fya;= h' cd;Hka;r
, .Kkaj, mej;s keUqre;djhkag wkql+,j"
,x'L'kS'ix' iska wdkhkh lrk ,o fndrf;,a
ner,hl idudkH , 2012 jifr jdr;d l<
t'c' fvd,r 114'00 g idfmalaIj t'c' fvd,r 109'84
la olajd ishhg 3'6 lska my< .sfhah'
140
130
120
Lksc f;,a wxYfha l%shdld;ajh

jrOk
wkqmd;h ]
YSrIh
2012 2013 ^w& 2012 2013 ^w&
110
wdkhkh l< m%udKh ^fu'fgd' Z000&

fndrf;,a
msmy ksIm
a d; ^wd&
.,aw.=re
t,a'mS' .Eia
100
90
80
70
60
50
1,486
1,743 -28.2
17.3
3,961
3,201
13.1
-19.2
930
1,469
18.9
58.0
199
197
10.6
-1.0
17
22 -29.2
29.4
wdkhk jkdlu ^' .e'&

fndrf;,a
^re',shk&
157,758
^t'c'fvd' ,shk&
1,248
182,064 -13.8
15.4
foaYh
S t,a'mS' .Eia ksIm
a dokh ^fu'fgd'Z000&
2009
2010
2011
2012
foie'
Tla'
fkdje'
iema'
wf.da'
cQ,s
cqks
uehs
wfm%a'
udr'
fmn'
ck'
40
30
3'5 ixLHd
igyk
cd;Hka;r fjf<|fmdf<a fndrf;,a

^fn%ka& , ûdisl idudkHh&
2013
2013 jifr Lksc f;,a ksIamdokj, foaYSh

is,a,r , by< kex' 2012 yd 2013 jirj,
cd;Hka;r fjf<|fmdf<a fndrf;,a ,
.Kkaj, mej;s ugu fya;=fjka ,x'L'kS'ix' ,enQ
uQ,H w,dNh wvqlr .ekSf wruqka fuu ,
ixfYdaOkh is fl' ta wkqj" 2013 fmnrjd
ui isg n,meje;afjk m fmg%,a yd i,a
,Sgrhl foaYSh is,a,r , ms<sfj,ska remsh,a 3 lska
yd remsh,a 6 lska by< kxjk ,' ;jo" ,x''u'
g f;,a wf, lsu fya;=fjka ,x'L'kS'ix'
g ug isjk w,dN wvqlr .ekSf wruqka
fukau ,s .dia;= by< fuka miq ,x''u' ys
wfmalaIs; by< ,dNhS;ajh o i,ld n,d 2013
wfm%a,a ui 01 jk k isg n,meje;afjk m
,sn, W;amdokh i|yd wf, lrk f;,a ,
o msjeh ms<sUq jk whqka by< ' ta wkqj"
i,ar m%;sY;h je f;,a yd i,ar m%;sY;h
wvq f;,a ,Sgrhl , ms<sfj,ska remsh,a 90 yd
remsh,a 100 olajd" remsh,a 25 lska by< '
, by< kexu fya;=fjka 2013 jir ueo
Nd.fha Lksc f;,a ksIamdok mfNdackfha lsish
my< jeula fmkakq l< o" jir wjidkh jkg
th kej;;a idudkH ugug t<e' jir ;=<
foaYSh fmg%,a wf,h ishhg 2'9 lska uOHia:
f,i by< .sh w;r" i,a wf,h ishhg 16'3 lska
ie,lsh hq;= f,i my< .sfhah' ;dm ,sn,
W;amdokh my< hdu i,a wf,h wvq u i|yd
fya;= h' f w;r" rf .Dyia: ,sn, m%fYh
by< hdu fya;=fjka jir ;=< N+f;,a wf,h
ishhg 11'9 lska my< .sfhah'
miq.sh jirg idfmalaIj 2013 jifr
,x'L'kS'ix' uQ,H ;;a;ajh jehqKq h' ,x'L'kS'ix'
2012 jifr jdr;d l< remsh,a ,shk 89'6 l
fufyhq w,dNhg idfmalaIj .Kkh fkdl<
msmy ksIm
a d; ^re',shk&
467,058
^t'c'fvd' ,shk&
3,674
.,aw`.r
= e
^re',shk&
15,381
^t'c'fvd' ,shk&
123
t,a'mS' .Eia
^re',shk&
27,939
^t'c'fvd' ,shk&
219
fndrf;,a ner,hl idudkH , ^'.e'&
^re'$ner,a&
14,416
^t'c'fvd'$ner,a&
114.00
wmkhk m%udKh ^fu'fgd' Z000&
504
wmkhk jkdlu ^re',shk&
58,902
^t'c'fvd' ,shk&
foaYh
S wf,h - msmy ksIm
a d;
^fu'fgd' Z000&
bka" fmg%,a ^Tlafka 90&
fmg%,a ^Tlafka 95&
iq i,a
iqms i,a
N+f;,a
oe f;,a
.=jkahdkd bkaOk
kema;d
foaYSh wf,h - t,a'mS' .Eia ^fu'fgd' Z000&
463
1,413 -24.5
13.2
352,984
39.3
-24.4
2,734
21.1
-25.6
20,882
27.0
35.8
161
12.8
30.9
26,915
39.0
-3.7
208
20.3
-5.0
14,151
19.9
-1.8
109.84
5.0
511 -14.4
55,128
-3.6
1.4
-3.7
-6.4
428 -16.3
-7.6
4,811
3,981
4.4
726
733
7.4
1.0
40
55
14.3
37.5
2,054
-17.5
1,705
3.5
-17.0
42
50 180.0
19.0
143
126 -15.4
-11.9
1,322
826
8.2
-37.5
327
360
3.8
10.1
72 -27.1
16.1
62
228
239
0.0
ner,hl , ^t'c'fvd,r&
3'4 rEm
igyk
4.8
foaYSh , ^jrIh wjidkfha & ^re'$,Sgr&

fmg%,a ^Tlafka 95&
fmg%,a ^Tlafka 95&
iq i,a
iqms i,a
N+f;,a
oe f;,a
;;amr 800
;;amr 1"500
;;amr 3"500
159.00
162.00
16.1
1.9
167.00
170.00
7.7
1.8
5.2
115.00
121.00
36.9
142.00
145.00
33.6
2.1
106.00
106.00
49.3
0.0
92.20
92.20
76.6
0.0
90.00
90.00
80.0
0.0
90.00
90.00
80.0
0.0
179.68
191.68
9.8
6.7
179.68
191.68
9.8
6.7
t,a'mS' .Eia ^re'$ls'.%E&

,sfg%da .Eia
,daia .Eia
uQ,hka( ,xld Lksc f;,a kS;s.; ixia:dj

^w& ;djld,sl

,xld whs''iS' iud.u

^wd& ,xld Lksc f;,a kS;s.;

,xld furhska iriia iud.u

ixia:dj" ,xld whs''iS iud.u
,sfg%da .Eia ,xld iud.u
iy ,xld furhska iriia

,daia .Eia iud.u
iud.u iska lrk ,o

YS% ,xld fr.=j
wdkhk
85
86
uQ,H m%ldYkj,g wkqj 2013 jifr jdr;d l<

fufyhq w,dNh remsh,a ,shk 7'7 la h' i,a"
fmg%,a yd ,sn, W;amdok wxYh i|yd wf,
l< f;,a , ixfYdaOkh lsu iy hym;a
ld,.=l ;;a;ajh u; f;,a i|yd jQ wvq
b,au ,x'L'kS'ix' uQ,H ;;a;ajh jehqKq ug
n,mE m%Odk idOl h' flfia fj;;a" 2013 jifr
m<uq udi lsysmh ;=< cd;Hka;r f;,a , .Kka
b;d by< ugul mej;Su" , ixfYdaOkhg
fmr ,x''u' yd iajdk ,sn, ksIamdolhka
i|yd by< iykhS ,lg f;,a wf, lsu"
tlai;a ckmoh brdkh u; mek jQ indOl
fya;=fjka fndrf;,a uQ,dY%h fjkia lsu;a iu`.
msmyj,ska ,o ,dNdka;sl my< hdu iy fyx
.kqfokqj i|yd is l< f.u jeks fya;+ka
,x'L'kS'ix' ,dNhs;ajh u; wys;lr n,mEula
we;s lf<ah' f w;r" ldrhlaIu Kh tl;= lr
.ekSf l%shdudr. fya;=fjka rdcH wdh;kj,ska
,x'L'kS'ix' fj; whh hq;= ys`. uqo,a m%udKh
remsh,a ,shk 75'1 la olajd wvq h' flfia fj;;a"
,x'L'kS'ix' nexl=j,ska ,nd.;a Y=oaO Kh m%udKh
jir ;=< remsh,a ,shk 223'4 la olajd remsh,a
,shk 22'1 lska by< .sfhah'
imq.ialkao Lkscf;,a msmyj mq,a lsf
yd klrKh lsf jHdmD;sh lk lsu
;=<ska msjeh M,hS whqka wvqlr Lksc f;,a
ksIamdok iemhqu Yd, f,i jehqKq l< yels
w;r" tu.ska ,x'L'kS'ix' g uQ,H m%;s,dN yslr
.ekSug o yelshdj we;' brdkh u; tlai;a
ckmoh mekjQ indOl fya;=fjka zbrdk ieye,a
fndrf;,aZ (Iranian Light crude oil) wdkhkh
lsug fkdyels u ksid O rgj,ska fjk;a
jr.j, fndrf;,a wdkhkh lsug ,x'L'kS'ix'
g is h' indOl mekug fmr 2011 jifr
msmy lrk ,o fndrf;,a fu'fgd' ,shk 2'1
l ugug ;ju;a <`.d ug fkdyels jqj o" 2012
jifr jdr;d l< fu'fgd' ,shk 1'7 g idfmalaIj
2013 jifr msmy lrk ,o fndrf;,a
m%udKh fu'fgd' ,shk 1'8 la olajd by< .sfhah'
2013 jifr m<uq Nd.h ;=< msmy lrk ,o
by< jkdlulska hq;= Lksc f;,a ksIamdok
m%udKh wvq jqj o" ,x'L'kS'ix' iska imq.ialkao
msmyj i|yd jvd fhda.H jk fndrf;,a
ixfhda. ykd .ekSu;a iu`. jifr fojk Nd.fha
msmy ksIamdok m%udKfha h jrOkhla lsh
yels h' msmy ksIamdok wdka;slh wvqu iy
msmyf klrK iy mq,a lsf lghq;= m%udo
u fya;=fjka fufyhq lghq;=j,g ndOd isu"
,x'L'kS'ix' uQ,H l%shdld;ajh i|yd wys;lr f,i

n,mEfh' fuu.ska" imq.ialkao msmyj mq,a
lsf yd klrKh lsf jHdmD;shg m%uqL;ajh
,ndf jeo.;alu wjOdrKh flfr' fuu
jHdmD;sh i|yd bv w;am;a lr .ekSf lghq;=
wjika lr we;s w;r" mdil n,mE we.hSu
o ksu lr we;' jHdmD;sfha YlH;d jdr;dj u;
mokj" zbxfkare" m%imdok yd blsZ moku
u; jHdmD;sh l%shd;aul lsu i|yd fhdackdjka
lsysmhlau bm;a we;' ,x'L'kS'ix' iska m;a
l< ;dlaIl lKavdhula iska fuu fhdackd
ms<sn|j we.hS lr we;s w;r" ;jrg;a we.hSu
yd f;dard .ekSu i|yd jHdmD;s fhdackd lsysmhla
fjkalr we;' Od;dj mq,a lsfuka f;drj
mj;sk msmyj klrKh lsf yelshdj fidhd
ne,Su i|yd f jkg ;dlaIl wOHhkhla is
lrka mj;S'
Lksc f;,a .fIKh
2013 jifr o Lksc f;,a .fIK lghq;=

wLKavj is lrk ,' 2011 jir wjidkfha
flhdka ,xld iud.u iska ukakdr fdafha
iajdNdl jdhq yd ix>N+; folla fidhd
.ekSfuka wk;=rej" 2013 jir wdrNfha Lksc
f;,a im;a ixjrOk f,al ldrhd,h iska
Y%S ,xldf fojk cd;Hka;r wlafjr< .fIK
n,m;% mskef jgh mj;ajk ,' ukakdr yd
ldf fdaj, .fIK l 13 la ta inkaOj
Wkkajla olajk wdfhdaclhka fj; bm;a
flreKq w;r" .fIK l 3 la i|yd ,xiq
bm;a h' .fIK <sx Yd, ixLHdjl oaudk
yd ;%sudk ihsila wOHhkhka ie,lsh hq;=
m%udKhla is l< hq;= nj y`.jka ,xiq ms<sn|
uQ,sl urYkh u.ska b;d by< ldrh lemula
wjYH jk nj fmkajhs' fuu .fIK lj,g
wu;rj" taldnoaO wOHhk mokula hgf;a m%kh
l< yels Y%S ,xldf ks;. yd Bidk. m%foaYh
w;r mj;sk b;d .eUqre wlafjr< uqyq l 6 l
iSud ,l=Kq lr we;' fuu lj, yhsfv%dldnk
mej;Sf yelshdj ;SrKh lsu i|yd f;,a iud.
yd rch iska taldnoaOj lghq;= lrkq we;s kuq;a"
ksIamdok Nd.h inkaOfhka lsis neùlg t<U
fkdue;' Lksc f;,a im;a ixjrOk f,al
ldrhd,h iska furg m%:u .fIK yd ksIamdok
iuka;%Kh jk zSri Lanka Upstream 2013Z cQ,s
udifha fld<U mj;ajk ,' Y%S ,xldj ;=<
jHdmdr mj;ajdf.k hdu ms<sn| ye`.Sula we;s lsu
i|yd m%Odk rdcH ks,Odka" fm!oa.,sl wxYfha
m%jdykh
2013 jifr Y%S ,xldf m%jdyk wxYh

ie,lsh hq;= m%.;shla fmkakq lf<ah' ;sridr
m%jdyk moaO;shla mej;Su u.ska rf ck;djg
by< .=K;ajhlska hq;= kd.l mirhla fukau
jvd hym;a jk ;;a;ajhla o ysjkq we;' mf,hs
olajd jk h udr.h m%;sixialrKh lsu;a
iu`. 2013 jifr W;=re m<df;a m%jdyk moaO;sh
m%;sixialrKh fl' O jHdmD;s hgf;a
W;=re m<df;a udr. ixjrOk lghq;= o wLKavj
mj;ajdf.k hk ,' nyq;rhlg Nd;d lsf
yelshdj iy m%dfoaYSh inkaO;djh jelr
.ekSf yelshdj ;=<ska wdr:l yd iudc ifudaOdksl
l%shdj,sh i|yd fuu ixjrOkhka Wmld h'
wdr:l lghq;= mq,a u;a iu`." kd.l m%foaYj,
mj;sk udr. ;onoh ;=rka lsug yd ta fya;=fjka
ug isjk iudc wdr:luh w,dN wju lr
.ekSu i|yd wjOdkhla fhduq lsu w;HjYH
f' wdr:l lghq;= m%idrKh f jr;udk f.h
/lshd wjia:d by< hdug o fya;= jk w;r" ta
fya;=fjka m%jdyk wjYH;d i|yd jk b,au
o m%idrKh jkq we;' f w;r" fiajfha mj;sk
niar: yd h m%udKh l%ufhka by< .sh o"
talmqoa., wdhu by< hdu;a iu`. is jQ jk
;;a;ajfhys Wiiau fya;=fjka fuu fiajd iemhqu"
u.Ska wfmalaId lrk m%;s ugfuys fkdmej;s'
ta wkqj" fld<U k.rh yd ;ikak m%foaYj,
m%jdyk .egj,g ms<sh fif wruqka"
m%jdyk wud;HdxYh iska zfld<U k.rh yd
;ikak m%foaY i|yd kd.l m%jdyk moaO;sh

ixjrOk jHdmD;shZ wdrN lrk ,' wOHhkhka
lsysmhlska wk;=rej fuu m%foaYh i|yd ;sridr
wkd.;hla ksrudKh lsf uQ,sl w;d,u w;=re
kej;= mok jQ (transit oriented) ixjrOkhla nj
fuu jHdmD;sh ;=<ska ykd f.k we;' fuh udr.
;onoh wvq lsug muKla fkdj m%jdyk msjeh
wju lsug o fya;=jkq we;'
ud. ixjOkh
jehqKq l< udr. cd,hla mej;Su yd

f.dvu u; myiq m%fYhla mej;Su" ixjrOk
l%shdj,sh i|yd mQrj yd mYapd;a inkaO;d we;s
lsug fya;= f' kj udr. blsu yd mj;sk udr.
mqkre;a:dmkh lsu 2013 jifr o ;jrg;a
rcfha m%;sm;a;s m%uqL;djhla f,i mej;=' wdr:l
jrOkh wvd, lrka oYl .Kkdjla mqrd wn,kaj
mej;s rf udr. h;, myiql m%;sixialrKh
lsug fuu m%;sm;a;sh u.ska wfmalaId fl'
flfia fj;;a" fYaIfhkau miq.sh jir lsysmh
;=< wdr:l lghq;= iS>%fhka mq,a u fya;=fjka
jdyk .ukd.ukfha we;s jQ f.j;a jrOkhg
myiql ie,iSu i|yd m%;sixialrK lghq;= iy
kj bls ;=<ska udr. h;, myiql m%dKj;a
fl' rf udr. lafIa;%h uqyqK mE wNsfhda.
ch.ekSu iy udr. h;, myiql i|yd by<
hk b,au imqrd,Su i|yd b.d mshjr .ekSf
wruqka cd;sl udr. m%Odk ie,iqu ^2007 - 2017&
ilia fl' fuh" Y%S ,xldf Y%u n,ldfha
M,hS;djh by< kexug Wmld jk w;ru"
zjHdmdr mj;ajdf.k hdf myiqjZ (Ease of Doing
Business) fY%a.; lsf orYlfhys Y%S ,xldf
ia:dkh by< kexug yd foia wdfhdaclhka ;=<
rf m%;srEmh f.dvkexu i|yd o fya;= jkq we;'
f jifr rcfha m%Odk ie,eiaug wkq.;j" udr.
ixjrOk lghq;= mj;ajd .kska rcfha h;,
myiql ixjrOk jevigyk jk zrkafrZ
jevigyk hgf;a uydudr. yd wf.S udr.
blsu iy zu. ke.=uZ jevigyk hgf;a .%dh
udr. ixjrOkh lsf lghq;=j, rch l%shdld
f,i ksr; h'
jHdmdl m%uqLhka iy Y%S ,xldf lrudka;

wxYh i;= Njhka" cd;Hka;r Lksc f;,a yd
jdhq iud. fj; ykajd u fuu iuka;%Kfha
m%Odk mrudr:h h' .fIK l wf, lsu
i|yd ork W;aidyhkag iu.dj" tu fidhd
.ekS jdclrKh lsf yelshdj ms<sn|j rch"
flhdka ,xld iud.u iu`. idlPd mj;ajk ,'
f jkg is lrk Lksc f;,a .fIK lghq;=
wdr:lh ;=< mYapd;a yd mQrj inkaO;d we;s
lrkqq we;ehs wfmalaId flfr' fuu lghq;= i|yd
fhojq iemhSu i|yd muKla fkdj wjika ksuejqu
wf, lsu yd fnyeu i|yd o foaYSh fiajd
iy lrudka; f.dvkexu ;=<ska wdr:l lghq;=
Odx.SlrKh lsu i|yd w;sYd, yelshdjla
mj;S' fuu.ska" iDcq yd jl% /lshd wjia:d /ila
ksrudKh flfrk w;ru" rf wdr:l jrOkh
i|yd ie,lsh hq;= hl;ajhla o ie,fikq we;ehs
wfmalaId flfr'
m%Odk uydudr. jHdmD;s iy udr. yd md,

ixjrOk jHdmD;s i|yd 2013 jifr o rcfha
h;, myiql ixjrOk jevigyfka m%uqL;ajh
ys h' ld,hla mqrd wfmalaIdfjka is fld<U
- lgqkdhl wf.S udr.fha ^ls'' 25'8& bls
87
88
ksulr 2013 Tlaf;danr ui jdyk .ukd.ukh

i|yd jD; fl' fld<U - lgqkdhl wf.S
udr.h .dia;= wh lrkq ,nk" ux;Sre 4 lska hq;=
oa;aj udr.hla jk w;r" mehg lsf,dagr 100 l
iSudjlg hg;a jk fia ie,iq lr we;' olaIsK
wf.S udr.fha fojk whr jk mskakj isg
f.dv.u olajd jk fldgi ^ls'' 34'6& 2014 udr;=
ui jdyk .ukd.ukh i|yd jD; fl' 2013
jifr olaIsK wf.S udr.fha idudkH ffoksl
wdhu remsh,a ,shk 3'4 la jQ w;r" km;d
idudkHfhka jdyk 8"700 la muK fuu udr.h
Nd;d lrk ,' fojk whr hgf;a oekgu;a
ud;r olajd r> lr we;s olaIsK wf.S udr.h
ynkaf;dg f;la r> flfrkq we;' kd.l
jdyk ;onoh wvq lsf wruqka ish m%Odk
wf.S udr. tlsfklg inkaO lsu i|yd
msg; jgrjq uydudr.fha ie,iq ksrudKh lr
we;' fldgdf olaIsK wf.S udr.h yd
inkaO jk m fldgdj isg lvqfj, ^ls'' 11&
olajd jk fuys m<uq whr 2014 udr;= ui
jdyk .ukd.ukh i|yd jD; fl' 2014
jifr fmnrjd ui wjidkh jkg lvqfj, isg
lvj; ^ls'' 8'9& olajd jk fuys fojk whfr
bls lghq;=j,ska ishhg 42 la muK imQrK
;s' lvj; isg fl<jrmsh ^ls'' 9'3& olajd
jk fuys f;jk whr i|yd wjYH bv w;am;a
lr .ekSf yd wNHka;r udr. blsf lghq;=
l%shd;aul fjka mej;=ks' fuys wjika whr f,i
msg; jgrjq udr.h flrj,msfha fld<U lgqkdhl wf.S udr.hg inkaO jkq we;' f
w;r" 2013 jifr udr. ixjrOk wldh iska
kv;a;= lrk ,o cd;sl uydudr.j, ^ta yd
fY%a& uq . m%udKh lsf,da gr 12"169 la muK
h' m%;sixialrKh l< mdfoksh - wkqrdOmqr
udr.h 2013 wfm%a,a udifha .ukd.ukh i|yd
jD; fl' udr. wxY iydhl jHdmD;sh
^whr &" m%uqL;d udr. jHdmD;sh yd hgf;a
m%;sixialrKh yd jehqKq lsf lghq;=" rcfha
iqrlaIs;;djh u; foaYSh nexl= iska wruqo,a
imhkq ,nk udr. m%;sixialrK jHdmD;sh" udr.
cd, ixjrOk jHdmD;sh iy fld<U ia;%slalfha
udr. ixjrOk jHdmD;s jeks fjk;a O
udr. ixjrOk jHdmD;s fukau md, klrK
lghq;= o 2013 jifr rgmqrd l%shd;aul fl'
;jo" fhkaf.dv h uxikah yryd bl<
.=jkamd,u 2014 ckjd ui jD; fl' f
w;r" remsh,a ,shk 4'5 l msjehla orka zu.
ke.=u .%dh udr. ixjrOk jevigykZ hgf;a
ia;%slal lsysmhl .%dh udr. m%;sixialrKh

lsf lghq;= 2013 jir ;=< l%shd;aul fl'
fuu jevigyk hgf;a udr. lsf,dagr 639 la
mqkre;a:dmkh lrk ,o w;r" .%dh md, 30 la"
im;a;= md, 26 la yd fndalal= 178 la o b lrk
,' 2013 jifr udr. ixjrOk wldh udr.
ixjrOkh i|yd jeh l< uq uqo, remsh,a ,shk
116 la h'
W;=re udr. m%;sixialrK jHdmD;sh (NRRP)"
.egqj,ska n,mEug m;a m%foaYj, lk ixjrOk
jHdmD;sh (CAREP) iy W;=re udr. in|;d jHdmD;sh
(NRCP) hgf;a .egqj,ska n,mEug m;a m<d;aj,
udr. cd,h jehqKq lsf rcfha jevigyk
l%shd;aul fl' W;=re m<df;a udr. ls'' 512 la
m%;sixialrKh lsu iy md, yd fndalal= kej;
blsu we;=<;a jk W;=re udr. m%;sixialrK
jHdmD;sh hgf;a 2013 jifr uykqjr - hdmkh
udr.h iy uq,;s - mq,auqf udr.h jD; l<
w;r" Tvqiqvdka - kekalrks udr.h 2014 jir
wdrNfha ksu fl' .egqj,ska n,mEug m;a
m%foaYj, lk ixjrOk jHdmD;sh hgf;a" fuu
m%foaY h:d ;;a;ajhg m;au f.j;a lsu i|yd
w;HjYH h;, myiql ie,lsh hq;= f,i mq,a
lsug iy Yla;su;a lsug rch wLKavj lghq;=
lf<ah' fuu jHdmD;sh hgf;a mrka;ka - mqkka
udr.h blsu 2013 jir ;=< wjika lrk ,'
W;=re udr. in|;d jHdmD;sh hgf;a" W;=re yd
W;=re ueo m<d;aj, cd;sl uydudr. lsf,dagr
170 la m%;sixialrKh lsf lghq;= o wLKavj
l%shd;aul fl' ta wkqj" oUq,a, - .,al=,u"
kdj;al=,s - ldr;s ceh" fj,a,dhs - wrd,s iy
udkal=, uq,;s udr. blsu 2013 jifr
wjika fl'
ud.ia: u.S m%jdykh
2013 jifr fmd u.S m%jdyk wxYh ie,lsh

hq;= m%.;shla w;alr .kakd ,o w;r" ta i|yd niar:
wehg kj niar: tla lsu Yd, f,i Wmld
h' 2013 jifr Y%S ,xld .ukd.uk uKav,fha
^Y%S ,x'.'u'& Odjk lsf,dagr m%udKh ishhg 1'8
lska by< .sh w;r" u.S lsf,dagr m%udKh ishhg
2'5 lska by< .sfhah' Y%S ,x'.'u' niar: weh 2012
jifr mej;s niar: 7"756 isg 2013 jifr 7"607
la olajd wvq jqj o" klg Odjkh lrk ,o niar:
ixLHdf idudkH 2012 jifr jdr;d l< 4"314 g
idfmalaIj 2013 jifr 4"373 la olajd by< .sfhah'
niar: 1"641 la w;ajehd lr Odjkhg tla lsu yd
nia fiajdf ldrhlaIu;djh by< kexu

i|yd cd;sl .ukd.uk fldiu iska 2013
jifr o wLKavj b.d mshjr .kakd ,'
fm!oa.,sl niar: Odjkh u|" rd;%S ld,fha
yd ys Wik nia fiajd iemhSu i|yd zksis
iehZ jevigyk 2013 jifr o wLKavj
l%shd;aul fl' z.e iehZ jevigyk hgf;a
.%dh m%foaYj, wdr:luh jYfhka jdis iy.;
fkdjk udr.hkays u.Skag nia fiajdjka iemhSu
o wLKavj is fl' 2013 jifr zisiq iehZ
jevigyk hgf;a niar: 1"117 la Nd;fhka mdi,a
isiqka i|yd wLKavj nia fiajd i,id fok ,'
zisiq iehZ jevigyk i|yd rch iska remsh,a
,shk 331 l iykdOdr ,nd fok ,' ;jo" zisiq
iehZ jevigykg w;sfrlj" Y%S ,x'.'u' iska
;j;a niar: 1"100 la mdi,a isiqka m%jdykh i|yd
fhdojd we;' ;jo" zuyskao ka;kZ jevms<sfj,g
wkqj Y%S ,x'.'u' iska wdnd; u.Skag myiqfjka
niar:j,g we;= ug yels myiql iys; niar:
13 la Odjkhg tlalr we;' f w;r" cd;sl
.ukd.uk fldiu iska kj niar: mrhka;
blsu i|yd jHdmD;shla wdrN l< w;r" f

hgf;a jjqkshdj yd ;,jdlef,a niar: mrhka;
b flfrka mj;S' 2012 fmnrjd ui wjika
jrg nia .dia;= ixfYdaOkh is lsfuka miq
msjeh orYlh ishhg 6'4 lska by< hdu uQ,sl
fldgf.k" 2013 fkdjenr ui 01 jeks k isg
l%shd;aul jk m nia .dia;= by< ' ta wkqj"
wdrNl .dia;=j ixfYdaOkh fkdlrk ,o w;r"
wdrNl .dia;=jg by< yd remsh,a 32 lg wvq nia
.dia;= ishhg 7 lg jvd wvq m%;sY;hlska by<
ouk ,' wfkl=;a nia .dia;= ishhg 7 l muK
m%;sY;hlska by< kex'
by< ldrhlaIu;djhlg u`. mdoka 2013
jifr rdcH nia fiajdf wxY /ila jrOkh
h' m%Odk moaO;sh iu`. iajhxl%Shj inkaO jk
bf,lafg%dksl l hka;% Y%S ,x'.'u' niar:j,
Nd;fha fhou 2013 jifr o wLKavj is
lrk ,' f hgf;a niakdysr m<d; ;=< we;s
Y%S ,x'.'u' niar:j, uqukskau mdfya fuh
l%shd;aul flfrk w;r" ol=Kq" jhU yd inr.uqj
hk m<d;a ;=< o fuu hka;% Nd;hg fhou
i|yd wjYH lghq;= is lr we;' fuhg wu;rj"
olaIsK wf.S udr.h yd fjk;a r .uka fiajd
i|yd w iqfLdamfNda.S niar: 25 la fhou u.ska
u.S m%jdyk lghq;= ;jrg;a jehqKq lrk ,'
f w;r" udr.ia: u.S m%jdykfha m%Odk hl;ajh
olajk fm!oa.,sl wxYfha l%shdlrejka kshdukh
lsu i|yd cd;sl .ukd.uk fldiu iska O
mshjr f.k we;' ta wkqj" jvd;a l%udkql+, yd
M,hS fiajdjla we;s lsu i|yd cd;sl .ukd.uk
fldiu iska niar: ;ks jYfhka fhou
fjkqjg fm!oa.,sl nia iud. we;s lsu i|yd
jHdmD;shla wdrN lr we;' fuu jHdmD;sh
hgf;a" f jkg nia iud. 16 la msysgqjd we;'
fuhg wu;rj" niar: fufyhq kshdukh lsu
i|yd niar: we;s ia:dkh ykd .ekSf" ta ms<sn|
fidhd ne,Sf iy md,kh lsf kj moaO;shla
niar: 2"000 l muK ia:dmkh lrk ,' cd;sl
.ukd.uk fldiu iska fm!oa.,sl nia hrka
yd fldkafia;rjreka i|yd mqyqKq jevigyka o
mj;ajk ,'
iqfLdamfNda.S niar: 17 la we;=j kj niar: 281 la

, .ekSu" Odjkh lrk niar: weh by<
hdu i|yd Wmld h' fuhg wu;rj" fmd rdcH
uKav,Sh rdcH kdhl iuqj i|yd wdkhkh lrk
,o iqfLdamfNda.S niar: 50 la wf.S udr.j,
Odjkh lsu i|yd Y%S ,x'.'u' fj; ,nd we;'
2013 jifr fm!oa.,sl wxYh i;= niar: ixLHdj
19"651 la olajd ishhg 4'0 lska wvq jQ w;r" klg
Odjkh lrk ,o niar: ixLHdf idudkHh 17"067
la olajd ishhg 0'4 lska wvq h' flfia fj;;a"
fm!oa.,sl niar:j, uq u.S lsf,dagr m%udKh
lsf,da gr ,shk 44"479 la olajd ishhg 2'7 lska
by< .sfhah' 2013 jifr Y%S ,x'.'u' uq wdhu
remsh,a ,shk 30'2 la olajd ishhg 14'7 lska by<
.sh kuq" fufyhq hou o remsh,a ,shk 33'7
la olajd ishhg 11'9 lska by< hdu fya;=fjka 2012
jifr jdr;d l< remsh,a ,shk 3'8 l fufyhq
w,dNhg idfmalaIj 2013 jifr ,enQ fufyhq
w,dNh remsh,a ,shk 3'5 la h' fm!oa.,sl
wxYhg idfmalaIj Y%S ,x'.'u' fiajdjka iemhSf
olajk wvq ldrhlaIu;djh tys w,dN ;;a;ajh
by<hdu iòyd fya;= h' tneka" wldrhlaIu;d
wju lsu iòyd ie,eiaula ilia lsu flfrys Y%S
,x'.'u' fhduq l< hq;= w;r" rch ;jrg;a ,dNhS
nj wju kuq;a iudc wdr:luh jeo.;alula ork
fiajd iemhSu iòyd inkaO ish hq;=h'
2013 jir ;=< kj jdyk ,shdmx ls

m%udKh my< .sfhah' 2013 jifr ,shdmx l< jdyk
ixLHdj" fmr jifr jdr;d l< ishhg 24 l my<
hdfuka wk;=rej" 326"651 la olajd ishhg 18 lska
my< .sfhah' 2013 jifr ,shdmx l< fudagr
r: ixLHdj ishhg 10'0 lska my< .sh w;r" niar:
89
yd ;%Sfrdao r: ,shdmxh ms<sfj,ska ishhg 41'7

lska yd ishhg 15'3 lska wvq h' wdkhk n my<
ugul mej;Su iy iykhS .dia;= hgf;a jdyk
wdkhkh lsu i|yd rdcH fiajlhkag n,m;%
,ndu fya;=fjka 2011 jifr jdyk ,shdmxh
Yd, jrOkhla jdr;d lsfuka wk;=rej" jdyk
,shdmx ls kej;;a 2011 jirg fmr mej;s
ugj,g t<u fuu.ska ms<sUq flfr'
h m%jdykh
kj n,f. lg, ykajdu;a iu`. 2013

jifr Y%S ,xld h fiajfha ^Y%S ,x''fia'&
fufyhq i;=gqhl m%.;shla fmkakq lf<ah'
h fiajdjka je jYfhka Nd;d lsu ms<sUq
lrka h u.S lsf,dagr m%udKh 2012 jifr
jdr;d l< lsf,dagr ,shk 5"039 g idfmalaIj
2013 jifr lsf,dagr ,shk 6"257 la olajd ishhg
24'2 lska by< .sfhah' flfia fj;;a" h Tiafia
NdKav m%jdykh ishhg 10'5 lska my< jegq' Y%S
,x''fia' uq wdhu remsh,a ,shk 5'4 la olajd
ishhg 11'8 lska by< .sh w;r" fufyhq hou
o remsh,a ,shk 10'6 la olajd ishhg 22'4 lska
by< .sfhah' ta wkqj" fufyhq w,dNh 2012 jifr
jdr;d l< remsh,a ,shk 3'8 g idfmalaIj 2013
jifr remsh,a ,shk 5'2 la olajd by< .sfhah'
wfkl=;a fmd m%jdyk udOH Nd;fha f.jkq
,nk .dia;= yd ieif jr;udk h .dia;=
b;d wvq ugul mj;sk w;r" ta fya;=fjka h
fufyhq lghq;= ;sridr wkaoka mj;ajdf.k
hdug wmyiq ;;a;ajhla W we;' tneka"
h m%jdykfha u.Ska" wju jYfhka ie,lsh
hq;= r m%udKhla .uka lrk wjia:dj, fyda"
msjeh ms<sUq jk whqka .dia;= ksrKh lsf
, iQ;%hla ksrudKh lsf ld,Sk wjYH;djh
i|yd wjOdkh fhduq h hq;= f'
fiajd iemhqf .=Kd;aul jrOkhla we;s
lsu i|yd h weh iy h udr. yd
inkaO h;, myiql jehqKq lsu i|yd Y%S
,x''fia' wLKavj lghq;= lf<ah' jir ;=< h
ue m%;sixialrKh lsf jevigyk wLKavj
l%shd;aul l< w;r" mj;sk h w;ajehd lsu
i|yd kj h tkaka lsysmhla , .ekq' ta
wkqj" 2013 jir ;=< mqkre;a:dmkh lsfuka
wk;=rej h ue 15 la yd h tkaka 3 la
h wehg tla lrk ,o w;r" W;=re h
90
udr.h blsf jHdmD;sh hgf;a ;j;a h

tkaka 3 la , .kakd ,' fYaIfhkau Wvrg
h udr.fha fiajd iemhSu fjkqfjka kfhka
wdkhkh lrk ,o kj n,f. lg, 13 ykajd
fok ,' fld<U fldgqj yd uykqjr w;r kj
ziqfLdamfNda.S h fiajhlaZ wdrN l< w;r"
.u yd fld<U fldgqj w;r kj h fiajhla
wdrN fl' f w;r" h ia:dk lsysmhl
CCTV leurd i lsu yd iajhxl%Sh fg,r hka;%
msysgqu u.ska h ia:dkj, u.S myiql
jehqKq lsu i|yd o mshjr .kq ,eh'
h udr. kej; blsf iy ixjrOkh
lsf lghq;= fukau h udr. yd inka;
h;, myiql hqKq lsf lghq;= o jir ;=<
wLKavj is lrk ,' ta wkqj" W;=re h udr.fha
mf,hs olajd fldgi fukau ;f,hsukakdru h
udr.fha ueojh isg uvq olajd fldgi o kej;
blsf lghq;= ksu lr h Odjkh i|yd
jD; lrk ,' ;jo" fld<U isg rd.u olajd jk
f;jk h udr.h Odjk lghq;= i|yd jD;
flreKq w;r" cd-we, isg iSj olajd oa;aj h
udr.h blsf lghq;= wjika fl' f w;r"
mf,hs isg lkalika;=fr olajd lsf,dagr 56 l
.ska hq;= h udr.h kej; blsf lghq;=
wdrN l< w;r" th 2014 jir wjidkh jkg
ksu lsug wfmalaId flfr' jir ;=< rgmqrd
h udr. ix moaO;s yd mjqv yqjudre moaO;s
jehqKq lrk ,' ;jo" W;=re h udr.fha
yd wkqrdOmqr yd ;f,hsukakdru w;r fldgfia"
ix moaO;sfha bls lghq;=j,ska ie,lsh hq;=
m%udKhla 2013 jifr wjika lrk ,'
rf u.S yd NdKav m%jdyk fiajd jehqKq
lsu i|yd Y%S ,x''fia' i;=j w;s Yd, Nj;djla
mj;S' kg u.S m%jdykh i|yd Y%S ,x''fia'
hl;ajh wLKavj ishhg 6 la yd NdKav
m%jdykfha ishhg 2 la jeks b;d wvq ugul
mj;S' ta wkqj" hqKqjk wdr:lfha u.S yd NdKav
m%jdykh i|yd by< hk b,au imqrd,Su i|yd
by< ldrhlaIu;djhlska yd YajikSh;ajhlska hq;=
M,hS kjHlrKhla h m%jdykh ;=< is lsu
w;HjYH f' fuhg wu;rj" udr. ;onoh wvqlr
.ekSu i|yd kd.l m%foaY ;=< ;ks mS,af,a h
(Monorail) jeks kQ;k h moaO;Ska Y%S ,xldj
;=< ixjrOkh lsu ld,Sk wjYH;djhla f'
.ukd.uk wxYfha uQ,sl ,laIK

jrOk
wkqmd;h ]
YSrIh
2012
1' fudagr r: kj ,shdmx

lsu îxLHdj&
nia r:
fm!oa.,sl fudagr r:
;S% frdao r:
oa;aj ldrh jdyk
h;=re me
NdKav m%jdyk jdyk
bv jdyk
2013 ^w&
2012
2013 ^w&
397,295 326,651
-24.4
-17.8
37,397 24,603
192,284 169,280
12,266 5,872
21,892 13,038
11.6
-24.1
-17.2
-5.6
-34.2
-12.0
-52.1
-40.4
3,095 1,805
31,546 28,380
98,815 83,673
2' YS% ,xld h fiajh

Odjk lsf,dagr ^Z000&
10,600 10,940 ^wd&
u.S lsf,dagr ^,shk&
5,039 6,257
NdKav fgdka lsf,dagr ^,shk&
143
128 ^wd&
uq wdodhu ^re' ,shk&
4,852 5,423
fufyhq hou ^re' ,shk&
8,648 10,586
fufyhq w,dNh ^re' ,shk&
3,796 5,163
3' YS% ,xld .ukd.uk uKav,h
Odjk lsf,dagr ^,shk&
u.S lsf,dagr ^,shk&
uq wdodhu ^re' ,shk&
fufyhq hou ^re' ,shk&
fufyhq w,dNh ^re' ,shk&
4' YS,
% xlka .=jka fiajh
mshdir lrk ,o meh .Kk
u.S lsf,dagr m%udKh ^,shk&
u.Ska megf wkqmd;h ^]&
nr megf wkqmd;h ^]&
NdKav m%jdykh ^fu'fgd' Z000&
fiajd kshl
q ;
a h
s îxLHdj&
^w& ;djld,sl
^wd& weia;fka;=
-27.1
-45.5
-28.6
5.7
10.2
-41.7
-10.0
-15.3
3.2
24.2
-7.1
-10.5
4.3
22.4
344
-0.9
1.8
26,313 30,191
25.2
14.7
15.2
-7.8
338
11,909 12,201
30,122 33,703
3,809
3,511
93,922 95,238
12,790 12,988
81
82
53
98
6,159
52
100
6,548
14.6
-6.5
0.0
23.8
11.8
36.0
2.5
11.9
25.4
1.4
-3.6
8.9
-1.9
2.0
19.8
3.8
12.2
1.5
1.2
6.3
uQ,hka( fudagr r: m%jdyk fomdr;fka;=j

YS% ,xld h fiajh

YS% ,xld .ukd.uk uKav,h

YS% ,xld is,a .=jka fiajd wldh

YS%,xlka .=jka fiajh
f inkaOj" m%jdyk wud;HdxYh iska w<

rdcH wdh;kj, ks,Odkaf.ka iuka; lgqjla
m;a lr we;' tjeks h moaO;shla f.dvkexu
i|yd by< msjehla jeh jqj o" tu.ska ysjk iDcq
yd jl% m%;s,dN i,ld ne,Sf tu m%;s,dNj,
jkdlu" ork ,o hou myiqfjka wNsnjd hkq
we;' rdcH - fm!oa.,sl yjq,ald;ajh ;=<ska tjeks
ixjrOkhka i|yd fm!oa.,sl wdfhdack o /ialr
.; yels f' wdr:l lghq;= m%idrKh lsug
Wmld jk kQ;k yd ldrhlaIu h udr.
moaO;shla msysgqu i|yd wjYH h ixjrOk
jHdmD;s lk lsug iEu mshjrlau .ekSu
w;HjYH f'
is,a .=jka fiajh
2013 jifr is,a .=jka fiajh ie,lsh

hq;= jrOkhla jdr;d lf<ah' 2013 jifr
nKavdrkdhl cd;Hka;r .=jka f;dgqfmd<
yryd fjk;a .=jka hdkdj,g udrejk u.Ska o
we;=j u.Ska ,shk 7'3 la yiqrejk ,o w;r th
2012 jirg idfmalaIj ishhg 3'3 l jrOkhls'
nKavdrkdhl cd;Hka;r .=jka f;dgqfmd< u.ska
yiqrejk ,o u.S .=jka hdkd ixLHdj ishhg 5 l
jrOkhla jdr;d lrka 50"802 la olajd by<
.sfhah' 2013 jir ;=< yiqrejk ,o .=jka NdKav
m%udKh o ishhg 3'9 lska by< .sfhah' f w;r"
w;ska jD; lrk ,o u;a;, rdcmlaI cd;Hka;r
.=jkaf;dgqfmd< iska u.Ska 36"137 la yd .=jka
hdkd 1"362 la yiqrejk ,' ;jo" 2013 jifr
Y%S,xlka .=jka fiajfha u.Ska megf wkqmd;h1
ishhg 82 la olajd by< .sfhah' jir ;=< %Ia
thdrfia" fldhka thdr,hskaia" thdr taIshd
tlaia iy grlsIa thdr,hskaia hk .=jka fiajd
iska ms<sfj,ska ,kavkh" isfhd,a" lajd,d,mQr
iy bia;dkanq,a isg Y%S ,xldj lrd .=jka fufyhq
wdrN l< w;r" th ixpdrl wxYfha l%shdld;ajh
by< kexug o Wmld jkq we;'
2013 jifr .=jka fiajd wxYfha uQ,H
l%shdld;ajh rj, ugul mej;=' .Kkh
fkdl< ;djld,sl uQ,H m%ldYKj,g wkqj Y%S,xlka
.=jka fiajfha fufyhq w,dNh 2012 jifr jdr;d
l< remsh,a ,shk 27'0 g idfmalaIj 2013 jifr
remsh,a ,shk 28'6 la f,i jdr;d h' fuh uq
wdohu remsh,a ,shk 109'5 la olajd ishhg 4'9 lska
iy fufyhq hou remsh,a ,shk 138'1 la olajd
ishhg 5'1 lska by< hdf m%;sM,hla h' by<
bkaOk , .Kka mej;Su" hqfrdamfha mej;s wdr:l
wjmd;h fya;=fjka fufyhq i;=gqhl ugulg
mj;ajd.; fkdyels u" fjk;a .=jka fiajdjkaf.ka
we;s jQ ;r.ld;ajh" w;sfrl Od;djka tla lr
.ekSu i|yd ie,lsh hq;= ugf wdfhdack is
lsu iy .=jka hdkd we;=<; jehqKq ls is
lsu we;= fjk;a Wmldrl fiajd by< kexu
jeks lreKq fufyhq w,dNh by< hdu i|yd
m%Odk jYfhka fya;= h' f w;r" yska ,xld
.=jka fiajfha fufyhq w,dNh 2012 jifr jdr;d
jQ remsh,a ,shk 1 g idfmalaIj 2013 jifr
remsh,a ,shk 1'5 la h'
3'6 ixLHd
igyk
u.Ska megf wkqmd;h" uq wdik - lsf,dagr ixLHdf m%;sY;hla f,i

.uka.;a u.S - lsf,dagr m%udKh f,i wr: laf'
91
msjeh wvqlr .ekSu i|yd is lrk

l%shdldrl ;=<ska l%ufhka uOHld,Skj ,dN ,nk
;;a;ajhg m;aug Y%S,xlka .=jka fiajh wfmalaId
lrhs' by< ,dN bmehSug yels .ukdka;j,g
u.Ska megf wkqmd;h by< kexu i|yd jvd
il%Sh l%shdudr. .ekSu wjYH jqj o" Y%S,xlka .=jka
fiajfha u.Ska megf wkqmd;h fjk;a ,dN
,nk .=jka fiajd yd idfmalaIj iudka;r ugul
mj;S' Y%S,xlka .=jka fiajfha bkaOk hou" tys
fufyhq hofuka y wvla muK jk w;r"
wfkl=;a fndfyda .=jka fiajd iu`. ieif th
ie,lsh hq;= by< w.hla .kS' f i|yd m%;sfYdaOl
mshjrla f,i" kj thdrnia A330-300 jr.fha
.=jka hdkd 6 la yd thdrnia A350-900 jr.fha
.=jka hdkd 7 la , .ekSu u.ska kg mj;sk
wvq ldrhlaIu;djhlska hq;= A340-300 yd A330-200
.=jka hdkd l%lj m%;sia:dmkh lsug Y%S,xlka
.=jka fiajh wfmalaId lrhs' fuu thdrnia .=jka
hdkd 2014 Tlaf;danr ui isg furgg f.kaug
ksh;h' fuu kj .=jka hdkd weh u.ska
bkaOk msjeh ishhg 6 -15 la w;r m%udKhlska
wvq flfrkq we;s w;r" jvd iqjmyiq wdik fukau
kj;u ;dlaIKh Nd;fhka .=jkahdkd we;=<;
fkda;aul lghq;= o by< ugulska iemfhkq
we;' Y%S,xlka .=jka fiajh ish w,dN wdmiq yerf
uQf,damdfha ;;ald,Sk fjf<|fmd< f;dr;=re
yd Yaf,aIK l%u Nd;fhka wjika fudfydf;a
by< mx;sfha wdik miq l=Kq mok hgf;a
,ndu yd by< mx;sfha u.S wkqmd;h by< kexu
jeks wdh m%Yia; f,i by< kexf Ys,am l%u
wkq.ukh lsug wfmalaId lrhs' ;jo" Y%S,xlka
.=jka fiajh f,dj ms<s.;a zoneworldZ .=jka hdkd
ikaOdkfha idudl;ajh 2014 jir ;=< ,nd
.ekSug wfmalaIs; w;r" tu.ska tu ikaOdkfha
m%;Skag wkql+,j YsIag fiajd iemhSu i|yd
wjYH jk inkaO;d Yla;su;a flfrkq we;' f
w;r" jdishl kj .=jka .uka udr. fj; fiajd
h;a lsu we;= l%shdudr. ;=<ska yska ,xld
.=jka fiajh o wdh m%Yia: f,i by< kexf
l%u yryd ish uQ,Huh YlH;djh jehqKq lr
.ekSug wfmalaId lrhs'
.=jka fiajd wxYh wdY%s; uQ,sl h;,
myiql ixjrOk jHdmD;sj, bls lghq;=
jir ;=< lkka l%shd;aul fjka mej;='
2013 udr;= 18 jk k u;a;, rdcmlaI cd;Hka;r
.=jka f;dgqfmdf<a m<uq whr jD; lrk ,'
gr 3"500 l .ska yd gr 75 l m<,ska hq;=
92
u;a;, rdcmlaI cd;Hka;r .=jka f;dgqfmdf<a

.=jka m:h f,dj Yd,;u u.S m%jdyk fc
.=jka hdkh jk thdrnia A380 we;= iqYd,;u
.=jka hdkdj, Nd;h i|yd o m%udKj;a f'
f jkg" tu.ska jdrIslj u.Ska ,shkhla yd
NdKav fu'fgd' 50"000 la yeisrf Od;djhla
we;' u;a;, rdcmlaI cd;Hka;r .=jka f;dgqfmd<
u.ska nKavdrkdhl cd;Hka;r .=jka f;dgqfmdf<a
u.S ;onoh wvq flfrk w;ru" Y%S ,xldf by<
hk ixpdrl me i|yd myiql ie,iSug o
wfmalaId lrhs' ;jo" u;a;, rdcmlaI cd;Hka;r
.=jka f;dgqfmd< wjg m%foaYh znka; m%foaYhZla
(bonded area) f,i k lr we;s w;r" tu.ska
nj,ska ksoyia ldrl l,dmhla ta wdikakfha
msysgqug yelshdj i,id we;' ;jo" u;a;,
rdcmlaI cd;Hka;r .=jka f;dgqfmd< wi, fydag,a
yd flS myiql we;s lsug wfmalaIs; w;r"
tu.ska .=jka hdkd ldrh uKav,hg yd fjk;a
.=jka hdkdj,g udrejk u.Ska yg kjd;eka
myiql i,ikq we;' fuu mshjr u.ska u;a;,
rdcmlaI cd;Hka;r .=jka f;dgqfmdf<a u.S yd
NdKav fufyhq lghq;= ie,lsh hq;= f,i uOH yd
.= ld,Skj jehqKq lsug wfmalaId flfr' f
w;r" nKavdrkdhl cd;Hka;r .=jka f;dgqfmd<
mq,a lsf jHdmD;sfha fojk whr hgf;a
jdrIslj u.Ska ,shk 9 la yeisrh yels kj
mrhka;hla blsf lghq;= 2017 jifr wjika
lsug wfmalaId flfr' fuu kj mrhka;h blsu
ksu lsu;a iu`. nKavdrkdhl cd;Hka;r .=jka
f;dgqfmdf<a iuia; jdrIsl Od;djh u.Ska ,shk
15 la jkq we;' uvl,mqj .=jka f;dgqfmdf<a .=jka
m:h r> lsf lghq;= wdrN l< w;r" uykqjr
wNHka;r .=jka f;dgqfmd<la blsu i|yd wjYH
bv t<sfmfy<s ls lghq;= yd f.dvke.Sf
lghq;= o kgu;a wdrN lr we;' fuhg wu;rj"
kqjrt<sfha wNHka;r .=jka f;dgqfmd<la blsu
inkaO YlH;d wOHkh is lrka mj;S'
jrdh fiajd
wNsfhda.d;aul f.da,Sh mirh yuqf jqj o

2013 jifr jrdh l%shdldrlj, m%;sjr;kh
ula fmkakq lf<ah' foaY fjf<u l%ufhka
h:d ;;a;ajhg m;au" kj ke iud. wdlrIKh
lr .ekSu" jrdh ldrhlaIu;djh iy M,hS;djh
jehqKq u wd lreKq 2013 jifr jrdh fiajd
jrOkh u i|yd Wmld h' 2013 jifr
fufyhjk ,o uq ny m%udKh 2012 jifr
fufyh jQ w iaig iudk ny tall (TEUs)
jrdh fiajd ls%hdld;ajh

jrOk
wkqmd;h ]
2012 2013 ^w& 2012 2013 ^w&
YSrIh
4,134
3,870
69
161
34
1' me ke ixLHdj
fld<U
.d,a,
;sl
% K
= du,h
ynkaf;dg
2' fufyhjk ,o NdKav m%udKh
^fu'fgd' Z000&
fld<U
.d,a,
;sl
% K
= du,h
ynkaf;dg
3,976
3,667
36
134
139
64,970 66,243
61,669 63,482
422
207
2,859 2,435
-4.6
-3.8
-6.2
-5.2
-5.5 -47.8
27.8 -16.8
277.8 308.8
-0.2
2.0
-0.6
-9.1
11.1
2.9
-50.9
-14.8
20
119
3' ny fufyhq m%udKh ^Teus 000& ^wd& 4,187
4,306
-1.8
2.8
3,167
3,274
-1.5
3.4
10,200
9,886
-7.3
-3.1
4' ny m%;k
s e.; ls ^Teus 000& ^wd&
5' fiajl ixLHdj ^we&
fld<U
.d,a,
;sl
% K
= du,h
9,373
391
436
^w& ;djld,sl
^wd& Teus = w iaig iudk ny tall
^we& YS% ,xld jrdh wldh i|yd mu
9,081
379
426
33.3 495.0
-7.3
-9.7
-6.4
-3.1
-3.1
-2.3
uQ,h ( YS% ,xld jrdh wldh
,shk 4'2 l isg w iaig iudk ny tall

,shk 4'3 la olajd ishhg 2'8 lska by< .sfhah'
ny m%;ske.;ls m%udKh 2012 jifr jdr;d
l< ishhg 1'5 l iDK jrOkhg idfmalaIj ishhg
3'4 l jrOkhla jdr;d lf<ah' fufyhjk ,o
uq NdKav m%udKh fu%la fgdka ,shk 66'2 la
olajd ishhg 2'0 lska jrOkh h' fld<U jrdh
fj; me ke ixLHdj miq.sh jirg idfmalaIj
my< hdula fmkakq l< o" m%udKfhka Yd,
ke meu ms<sUq lrka jir ;=< me ny
kej, Y=oaO fgdka fk!Ndrh ishhg 0'6 lska
ny fufyhq" m%;ske.; ls
iy ke me
4,500
4,500
4,000
4,400
3,500
4,300
3,000
4,200
2,500
4,100
2,000
4,000
1,500
1,000
3,900
500
3,800
2009
uq ny
fufyhq
2010
2011
m%;ske.; ls
2012
2013
3,700
me ke
ôl=Kq wlaIh&
ixLHdj
w iaig iudk ny tall ^z000&
3'5 rEm
igyk
by< .sfhah' .Kkh fkdlrk ,o ;djld,sl

uQ,H o;a;j,g wkqj" jir ;=< Y%S ,xld jrdh
wldfha ^Y%S ,x'j'w'& uQ,H ;;a;ajfhys msySula
lsh yels h' 2013 jifr Y%S ,x'j'w' wdhu
remsh,a ,shk 37'2 la olajd ishhg 2'3 lska wvq jQ
w;r" fufyhq hou remsh,a ,shk 34'8 la olajd
ishhg 5'8 lska by< .sfhah' Y%S ,x'j'w' fufyhq
,dNh 2012 jifr jdr;d l< remsh,a ,shk 5'2
g idfmalaIj remsh,a ,shk 2'4 la olajd ishhg
53'4 lska my< .sfhah'
Y%S ,xldjg l,dmfha kdl uOHia:dkh
f,i Yla;su;aj ke.S isu i|yd kg l%shd;aul
fjka mj;sk jrdh ixjrOk jHdmD;s Wmld
jkq we;' 2013 jifr l%shd;aul lrk ,o
wdr:l ia:dhSlrK l%shdudr. yd fld<U jrdfha
ol=Kq ny mrhka;h jD; lsu;a" 2013 jifr
ueo Nd.fha ynkaf;dg yd fld<U jrdhhka
zksoyia jrdhhkaZ f,i m%ldYhg m;a lsu;a" jrdh
lafIa;%fha is jQ hym;a l%shdld;ajh i|yd Wmld
h' fld<U jrdh mq,a lsf jHdmD;sh hgf;a"
wfkl=;a l,dmSh jrdhhka yd iu ugf WmlrK
yd myiqlj,ska hq;= ol=Kq ny mrhka;h 2013
wf.daia;= ui 5 jk k jD; fl' fuu
jHdmD;sh hgf;a bjk fojk mrhka;h jk
kef.kysr ny mrhka;fha bls lghq;= 2013
uehs ui wdrN flreKq w;r" th 2014 jir
wjidkh jkg ksu lsug wfmalaId flfr' fuu
kef.kysr ny mrhka;h o gr 18 l .eUqka
hqla; jk w;r" w iaig iudk ny tall 18"000
la muK f.k hk Yd, ke ;gdl.; lsug
tu.ska myiql ie,fikq we;' ud. reyqKqmqr
uyskao rdcmlaI jrdfha fojk whfr bls
lghq;= wdrN lr we;s w;r" 2015 jir wjidkh
jkg tys bls ksu lsug wfmalaIs;h' f
w;r" kdl bkaOk" .=jkahdkd bkaOk yd j
fmfg%da,sh jdhq .nvd lsu yd iY%Kh lsu
i|yd ud. reyqKqmqr uyskao rdcmlaI jrdfhys >K
gr 80"000 l iuia; Od;djhlska hq;a f;,a gexls
14 la blsf lghq;= wjika l< w;r" bkaOk
iemhSf myiql jdcuh f,i l%shd;aul lsug
fmr wjYH mlaIK lghq;= f jkg is lrka
mj;S' jrdh ;=< lrudka; lghq;= wdrN lsu
i|yd fhdackd le|ug b,a lsf m<uq yd
fojk jghkays wdfhdaclhka ff<dia fofkl=
i|yd wud;H uKav, wkque;sh ys jQ w;r" bka
wdfhdaclhka ;sfofkl= f jkg;a .siq
3'7 ixLHd
igyk
93
w;aika ;nd we;' wfkl=;a wdfhdaclhka 2014

jifr ish .siq w;aika lsug wfmalaId lrhs'
kef.kysr fjr<dY%s;j by< hk wdr:l lghq;=
i|yd myiql ie,iSf wruqka 2013 iema;enr
ui 01 jk k T,a jrdh jD; flreKq w;r"
fuh jdc yd jr jrdhla f,i l%shd lrkq we;'
rf Bidk . l,dmfha wdr:l uOHia:dkh
f,i ;%sl=Kdu, jrdh ykdf.k we;s w;r" tys
jrdh wdY%s;j jHdmdr lghq;= wdrN lsu i|yd
fhdackd le|jd we;' Y%S ,xldj l,dmfha zixpdrl
uOHia:dkhZ f,i ixjrOkh lsug iu.dj
.d jrdh fkdao lghq;= i|yd fYaIs; jQ jrdhla
f,i ixjrOkh lsug ksh;h'
fhda; fld<U jrdh k.r jHdmD;sh zwla
fjr< k.rhlaZ f,i ie,iq fldg we;s w;r" tys
ixjrOk lghq;= f.dv lsfuka ,nd.;a N+fha
is lsug ksh;h' fld<U jrdh wdikakfha
blsug fhda; fuu jrdh k.rh idmamq
ixlSrK" iqfLdamfNda.S ksjdi ixlSrK yd fydag,a"
kk ldrhd, ixlSrK iy wfkl=;a flS yd
fkda;aul lghq;=j,ska iuka; jkq we;'
fuu ixjrOk l%shdufha ldrhlaIu;djh yd
kjHlrKh i|yd w;s Yd, Nj;djla ksrudKh
lrka rdcH yd fm!oa.,sl wxYfha ksmqK;d" kqu
yd fYaI{;djh yqjudre lr .ekSug yelshdj
ie,fik w;ru" wju msjehlska by< tl;= l<
jkdlula ,ndug wfmalaId lrk fm!oa.,sl
wxYfha l%shdld iyNd.S;ajh o ffOrhu;a jk
neka" jrdh k.rh ixjrOkh i|yd fhda;
wdlD;sh m%YxikSh f' fuu l%shdudr.h ;=<ska"
jHdmD;sh uQ,Hkh lsu i|yd rch u; we;sjk
mSvkh o wvq flfrkq we;' ^fYaI igyk 4 hgf;a
ia;r we;=<;a f'&
jrdh
lafIa;%fha
wdlrIh;ajh
yd
;r.ld;ajh jehqKq lsu i|yd mshjr lsysmhla
f.k we;' fld<U yd ynkaf;dg jrdhka zksoyia
jrdhhkaZ f,i m%ldYhg m;a lsu cd;Hka;r
fjf<f jrdh ;r.ld;ajh jrOkh lsug
bjy,a jkq we;s w;r" tu jrdhka wdY%s; ;Sre n
ksoyia l,dmj, jHdmdr ia:dms; lsfuka m%;s,dN
Wmfhdackh lr .ekSu i|yd wdfhdaclhka
wdlrIKh lr .ekSug o wfmalaId flfr' kdl
lghq;= msjeh wvq lsu yd jrdhka fj; ke
iud. je m%udKhla wdlrIKh lr .ekSu
i|yd" 2014 rcfha whjefhka fhdackd l< m
mrhka; fufyhq .dia;= iy ke iud.j,ska
wh lrkq ,nk wfkl=;a wNdrhka wfydais
94
fl' ta wkqj" 2014 ckjd ui isg ke iud.

iska ish .dia;= we;=<;a ke .dia;=jla f.h
hq;= h' ny mrhka;hkays fufyhq lghq;= is
fkdlrk ld,h wju lsu i|yd o mshjr .kska
isk w;r" tu.ska kj kex.=rfmd< Od;djhla
ksrudKh jkq we;' kef isg f.dvu olajd
NdKav m%jdykh lrk fUlr" rnr ghr iys;
fUlr iy jrdh wx.kh ;=< Nd;d lrk g%elagr
jeks kj WmlrK , .ekSu;a iu`. jir ;=<
kej, M,hS;djh o ;jrg;a jehqKq h'
wNHka;r jrdhka f,i mE,shf.dv yd f;<`.md;
m%foaYj, jrdh folla blsu i|yd Y%S ,x'j'w'
fj; wud;H uKav, wkque;sh ,e we;' fuu.ska
kdl mrhka; w;r inkalrKh jejkq
we;ehs wfmalaId lrk w;r" tu.ska jvd ldrhlaIu
m%fYhla hgf;a wNHka;r fjf<|fmd<j,g yd
bka msg;g NdKav m%jdykfha fhh yels jkq
we;' fld<U udr.j, mj;sk udr. ;onoh wju
lsu yd Y%S ,x'j'w' yjq,alrejkag jvd;a ldrhlaIu
fiajdjla ,ndu i|yd mE,shf.dv m%foaYfha .=o
ixlSrKhla blsug o ksh;h'
c, imdokh yd jdud.
rgmqrd msis c,h ,nd .ekSug we;s yelshdj

by< kexu i|yd mq,a rduqjla yd m%;sm;a;s
udrf.damfoaY imhk zmdkSh c,h ms<sn| cd;sl
m%;sm;a;shZ" cd;sl c, imdok yd c,dmjyk
uKav,h ^cd'c'i'c'u'& iska il%Sh f,i l%shdjg
kxjka is' jir ;=< " k< c, myiql i|yd
m%fYh 2012 jifr mej;s ishhg 43'5 isg 2013
jifr ishhg 44'3 la olajd by< .sfhah' ;jo"
.%dh yd wvq myiql iys; ckdjdij,g l=vd c,
imdok yd ikSmdrlaIl jHdmD;s mj;ajdf.k
hdu iòyd msysgqjkq ,enQ m%cduQ, ixOdkj,g
iyh f ;dlaIl Wmldrl hdka;%Khla f,i
.%dh c, imdok yd ikSmdrlaIl tall 19 la
ia:dmkh lsu iòyd cd'c'i'c'u' iska mshjr
.kakd ,' c, imdok yd c,dmjyk jHdmD;s
l%shd;aul lsu i|yd jir ;=< rch jeh l<
uqo, remsh,a ,shk 26'4 la h'
2013 jifr cd'c'i'c'u' iska rgmqrd c,
imdok jHdmD;s lsysmhla l%shd;aul lrk ,o
w;r" W;=r h:d ;;a;ajhg m;alsf lk
jHdmD;shg iu.dj W;=re m<d; ;=< o c,
imdok jHdmD;s lsysmhla l%shd;aul lrk ,'
f hgf;a .%du ks,Od fldGdY 60 l 51"220
fofkl= i|yd c, myiql ,ndfoka kekalrks"
fld<U jrdh k.rh ixjOk jHdmD;sh
fld<U k.rh ukdj ie,iq l< jdc

flakaia:dkhla njg m;a lsf wruqKg iu.dj
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we|ka ixLHdj yereKqfldg" 2013 jir wjidkh

jkg mqoa.,hka 1"000 lg we|ka 3'6 la ne.ska
jk f,i we|ka 74"636 lska iuka; rcfha frday,a
603 la rfgys mej;=' 2013 jir wjidkh jkg
mqoa.,hka 1"167 fofkl=g tla ffjoHjrfhla
ne.ska iqiql ,;a ffjoHjreka 17"553 lska
iy mqoa.,hska 662 fofkl=g tla fyhla ne.ska
iqiql ,;a fyhka 30"928 lska rdcH fi!LH
fiajdj iuka; h' fi!LH wud;HdxYfha iy
m<d;a fi!LH fomdr;fka;=j, fi!LH fiajl
ixLHdj kj n|jd.ekS ;=<ska ;jrg;a by<
kxjk ,' rdcH fi!LH fiajd moaO;sfha fiajd
iemhqu jehqKq lsu i|yd" f wdrhd frdayf,a
yDo Wria Y,H tallhla iy iakdhq frda." jl=.vq
frda. yd l,dx. jdgq blsu" lE.,a, uy
frdayf,a Y,Hd.dr ixlSrKhla blsu" fld<U
cd;sl wlaIs frdayf,a ndysr frda.S wxYh iy idhk
f.dvke.s,a, mq,a lsu" fmdf<dkakrej ia;%sla
uy frday, ixjrOkh lsu jeks O fN!;sl
h;, myiql ixjrOk jHdmD;s 2013 jir ;=<
l%shd;aul h'
fndajk frda. jHdma;sh yd ud;D iy kjc
fi!LH yd inkaO .egj,g i fiu
i|yd 2013 jifr O mshjr .kakd ,' jir
;=< ishhg 95 lg wl wdjrKhla iys; by<
m%;sYla;slrK ugula rgmqrd mj;ajdf.k hk
,o w;r" irm' fvx.= WK" bkaafjkaid ta
yd bkaafjkaid jeks frda. me;su ms<sn|
wdflaIK lghq;= o is lrk ,' ta wkqj" irm
3'9 ixLHd
igyk
fi!LH fiajfha uQ,sl ,CIK

2012
2013 ^w&
1' rdcH wxYh

frday,a ixLHdj ^ngysr ffjoH fiajh&
we|ka ixLHdj
m%d:l fi!LH fiajd tall
ffjoHjreka ixLHdj
iyldr ffjoHjreka ixLHdj
fyo fiajl ixLHdj
Wmia:dhl ixLHdj
YSrIh
593
73,437
480
17,129
1,061
30,136
8,403
603
74,636
481
17,553
1,057
30,928
8,091
2' wdhqrf
o
wdhqrf
o ffjoHjreka ixLHdj ^wd&
20,712
21,061
3' rcfha uq fi!LH hou ^re' ,shk&

jr;k hou
m%d.aOk hou
99.1
81.9
17.2
119.5
99.6
19.9
^w& ;djld,sl
^wd& wdhqrfo ffjoH iNdf
,shdmx we;s wdhqrfo
ffjoHjreka
uQ,hka(

fi!LH wud;HdxYh
wdhqrfo fomdr;fka;=j
uqo,a yd l%uimdok
wud;HdxYh

YS% ,xld uy nexl=j
fi!LH fiajd iemhqu i|yd fm!oa.,sl wxYfha

l%shdld yd ldrhlaIu hl;ajh ,nd .ekSu ;=<ska
rdcH fi!LH fiajdj u; jk mSvkh by< hdu
wvqlr .; yels jkq we;s w;r" fm!oa.,sl wxYfha
fiajd iemhqu ms<s.; yels ;;a;ajhl mj;ajd .ekSu
iy;sl lsu i|yd iqiq kshduk o mq,a l< hq;=j
we;' 2013 jir wjidkh jkg we|ka 5"309 lska
iuka; ,shdmx l< fm!oa.,sl frday,a 206 la
mej;=' .%dh m%foaYj, we;s frday,a we;=j rcfha
frday,aj, Od;dj ie,lsh hq;= f,i mq,a lsu
iy fYaI{ m%;sldr ,nd .ekSf yelshdj by<
hdu yuqf jqj o" wdh ug by< hdu iy
idudkHfhka r> ld,hla mqrd m%;sldr ,eug
wjYH jk fnda fkdjk frda. jHdma;sh by< hdu
3'6 rEm
igyk
Y%S ,xldf isjk urK i|yd uQ,sl lreK

jQ fnda fkdjk frda. fya;=fjka we;s ;sfnk
;rckh" fuu frda.j,g i fiu i|yd
b,lal.; mshjr .ekSf wjYH;djhla
mj;sk nj fmkajhs' hm;a ck.ykh by< hdug
wu;rj" kd.lrKh yd jk rgdf isjk
fjkial" fndajk frda.j, isg fnda fkdjk frda.
lrd is jQ frda. ldYkh ;jrg;a W.% ug fya;=
we;' ksfrda.S jk rgdjkag yqref jeo.;alu
ms<sn| kqj;aNdjh by< kexu i|yd rgmqrd
m%d:l fi!LH fiajd ugka ksfrda.S jk rgd
uOHia:dk msysgqu" fujeks frda. jHdma;sh md,kh
lsu i|yd .kq ,enQ m%YxikSh mshjrla h' 2012
jir wjidkh jkg rgmqrd ksfrda.S jk rgd
uOHia:dk 574 la l%shd;aul jQ w;r" 2013 jir ;=<
kg mj;sk uOHia:dk Yla;su;a lrka kj
uOHia:dk msysgqug o mshjr .kakd ,'
fya;=fjka fm!oa.,sl fi!LH fiajd ,nd.ekSu

i|yd jk b,au by< f.dia ;sf' by< hk
b,au yuqf fi!LH fiajdjkaf.a m%;sh
wNsfhda.hg ,la fkdu iy;sl lsf wruqka
fm!oa.,sl fiajd imhkakka kshdukh lsf
wjYH;djh fuys u;= f' fm!oa.,sl frday,a"
ffjoH uOHia:dk" mQrKld,Sk yd wrOld,Sk
ffjoH idhk" mQrKld,Sk yd wrOld,Sk oka;
Y,H idhk" fm!oa.,sl ffjoH ridhkd.dr iy
fm!oa.,sl .s,kar: fiajd i|yd w< wju wjYH;d
olajka f inkaO m%;Ska yd udrf.damfoaY
flgqm;a ilia lsu wjika whfr mj;S'
fYaIfhkau" udkj im;a iy fndajk yd fnda
fkdjk frda. inkaO l%uj;a f;dr;=re moaO;s
msysgqug iy mj;ajd f.k hdug o wfmalaId
flfr' fuhg wu;rj" fYaIfhkau T!IO iy
ffjoH mlaIKj, , ;SrKh lsu inkaOfhka
M,hS kshdukhka we;s lsu i|yd m%;sm;a;suh
uey;a is lsu wjYH f' ;jo" idudkH T!IO
ms<sn|j frda.Ska ;=< we;s kqu w,am u fya;=fjka
fm!oa.,sl fi!LH fiajd imhkakka iska frda.Skag
, wl fj<ò kduhka iys; T!IO lsKSu
u.ska mdfNda.slhka Wmfhdackhg ,la flfr'
ksrka;rfhka kj fidhd.ekS yd klrKhka
is lsug wu;rj" fm!oa.,sl fi!LH fiajd
imhkakka M,hS f,i kshdukh lsu yd fidhd
ne,Su o Y%S ,xldj zffjoH ixpdrlZ kej;=ula
f,i m%jrOkh lsu i|yd Wmld jkq we;' f
;;a;ajh hgf;a" wka;rcd;sl m%cdj ;=< by<
ckm%sh;djhla ,nka mj;sk wdhqrfoh jeks
idm%hsl ffjoH oHd lafIa;%j, we;s w;s Yd,
Nj;djh m%fhdackhg .ekSu i|yd rdcH yd
fm!oa.,sl wxYfha l%shdld hl;ajh wjYH f'
fi!LH iy wOHdmkh i|yd jQ
rcfha hou
2.5
2.0
o'foa'ks ]
frda.h i|yd udi 6 ;a 12 ;a w;r <orejkag

w;sfrl m%;sYla;slrK jevigykla o l%shd;aul
lrk ,' 2013 jifr wf.daia;= udifha cd;sl
ud;D yd <ud fi!LH m%;sm;a;sh ks, jYfhka h;a
lrk ,o w;r" bka ia;%sla fi!LH ks,Odkag
ish jdrIsl fyda wrO jdrIsl ie,iq ilia lr
.ekSug wjYH iqiq udrf.damfoaY ,ndu is lrk
,' ;jo" ishu mdi,a orejka yd .rNkS ujreka
i|yd fkdf,a laIqfmdaIl ,ndu i|yd wjYH
wruqo,a rch iska fjka lrk ,' fvx.= frda.h
fya;=fjka we;s jQ urK ixLHdj urYkfha
2009 jdr;d jQ ishhg 1 l urK wkqmd;slh 2013
jifr ishhg 0'3 lg wvq w.hla olajd my<
f.dia we;s nj la'
1.5
1.0
0.5
0
2009
2010
2011
wOHdmk$o'foa'ks ]
2012
2013
fi!LH$o'foa'ks ]
99
wOHdmkh
100
m%d:l yd oa;shsl wOHdmkfha by<

m%fYh iy .=Kd;aulNdjh" Y%S ,xldj wfmalaId
lrk kqu mok lr.;a wdr:l yd iudchSh
ixjrOkh i|yd moku imhhs' zuyskao ka;khZ
iy zuyskao ka;k - b lauZ u.ska wfmalaId
lrk m ieug idOdrK yd .=Kd;aul
wOHdmkhla ,ndug iy tu.ska wdishdf m%uqL
kq yd bf.kq flakaia:dkh njg furg
mjr;kh lsu i|yd wOHdmksl moaO;sh
fhda.H m kej; ieliSu rcfha wruqK f'
fu;=<ska" wOHdmksl ka;kfha iqiudorYSh
fjkila fukau lafIa;%h ;=< mq,a mjr;khla
is lsug o yels jkq we;' .=Kd;aulNdjh"
ms<s.ekSu iy fiajd kshqla;sh iu`. neKq Yla;su;a
Wiia wOHdmk moaO;shla iy ;dlaIl yd jD;a;Sh
wOHdmk lafIa;%hla mj;ajd .ekSu ;=<ska fuu
;ekau i|yd iydh lau w;HjYH f'
im;a yd wjia:djka idOdrK f,i fnhdu
Yla;su;a lsu i|yd uE; jirj, rch iska
mshjr /ila f.k we;' m%d:l yd oa;shsl
wOHdmkh i|yd jk m%fYh yd tys .=Kd;aulNdjh
jehqKq lsu i|yd lghq;= lrk zmdi,a
wOHdmkh mjr;kh lsf jHdmD;shZ (TSEP)
ys iydh we;sj" Y%S ,xldf wOHdmkh k`.disgqu
i|yd cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kj, iyNd.s;ajfhka
wOHdmk wud;HdxYh iska zueld,Sk wOHdmk
lafIa;%fha ixjrOk rduqj iy jevms<sfj,Z
(ESDFP) ^2012 - 2016& ilia lrk ,' wOHdmk
fiajd iemhqu yd hymd,kh Yla;su;a lrk
w;ru" wOHdmk wjia:d yd tys .=Kd;aulNdjh
mq,a lsu ;=<ska m%d:l yd oa;shsl wOHdmkh
i|yd jk m%fYh jehqKq lsu i|yd zmdi,a
wOHdmkh mjr;kh lsf jHdmD;shZ ie,iq
lr we;' fYaI wOHdmksl wjYH;d iys; <uqkag
wOHdmk wjia:d i|yd m%udKj;a myiql ,ndu
o ;jrg;a mq,a lrk ,' wOHdmk Wmdhudr.sl
ie,iqu hgf;a" oa;shsl mdi,a 1"000 la iy m%d:l
mdi,a 5"000 la msysgqf jevigyk 2013 jifr
o wLKavj l%shd;aul fl' fuu jevigyk
hgf;a" w'fmd'i' Wiia fm< ishu Ih Odrdjka
we;=<;aj oa;shsl mdi,a f,i ixjrOkh lsu
i|yd iEu ia;%slalhlskau o;d orYlh u;
mokj mdi,a 100 ne.ska f;dardf.k we;' oa;shsl
mdi,a jevigyk hgf;a 2013 jir ;=< kj
mdi,a 20 la blsf lghq;= wjika lr we;s w;r"
uyskafaoh ;dlaIl oHd.dr blsf fojk
whr hgf;a oHd.dr 415 la blsf lghq;= 2013
jifr cQks ui wdrN fl' isik

q a 50 lg jvd
wvq mdi,a ixLHdj 2013 jifr ;jrg;a 1"580
l ugf u mej;sKs' cd;sl mdi,a yd ieif
tu mdi,aj,g im;a fnhdf Iu;djhla
lsh yels jQ w;r" mj;sk im;a Nd;hg .ekSu
;drlSlrKh lsf wjYH;djh tu.ska ms<sUq
flfr' kej; mx lrk ,o m%foaYj, isiqkaf.a
wOHdmk lghq;= wdrN lsu iy;sl lrk
mirhla ksrudKh lsf wruqka W;=re m<df;a
wOHdmk myiql by< kexu i|yd jeo.;a mshjr
lsysmhla f.k we;' f hgf;a" oa;shsl mdi,a 20
la ixjrOkh lsu i|yd fYaI uQ,H m%;smdok
,nd we;' 2013 jifr w'fmd'i' Wiia fm<
i|yd Ih Odrdjla f,i ;dlaIK Ih Odrdj
ykajd u yryd Y%S ,xldf wOHdmk lafIa;%fha
iqfYaIS fjkila is lrk ,' ;D;Sh ugf
YajoHd, fyda ;dlaIl yd jD;a;Sh wOHdmkh
yeug wfmalaId lrk isiqkag ysjk wOHdmksl
wjia:djka mq,a lsu fuu.ska wfmalaId flfr'
2016 jkg ishhg 75 l f;dr;=re yd
ikaksfok ;dlaIK idlaIr;djhla w;alr
.ekSf b,lalh imqrd .ekSu i|yd rf f;dr;=re
yd ikaksfok ;dlaIK idlaIr;djh mq,a jrOk
udj;lg m%YaG we;' cd,.; iQk orYlfha
Y%S ,xldf ia:dkh ie,lsh hq;= f,i by< f.dia
we;' wOHdmk wud;HdxYh iy ;reK lghq;=
yd ksmqK;d ixjrOk wud;HdxYh w;r w;aika
;nk ,o wjfndaO;d .siqug wkqj" w'fmd'i' Wiia
fm< yd w'fmd'i' id'fm< Nd.j, f;dr;=re yd
ikaksfok ;dlaIKh Ih iu;au u;" mdi,a
isiqka i|yd cd;sl jD;a;Sh iqiql (NVQ) m%kh
lsug ;SrKh lr we;' ta wkqj" w'fmd'i' Wiia
fm< i|yd cd;sl jD;a;Sh iqiql mdGud,d
meje;au i|yd mdi,a 175 la f;dard f.k we;s
w;r" mdi,a yerhkakka i|yd cd;sl jD;a;Sh
iqiql mdGud,d meje;aug m<d;a yd l,dmSh
f;dr;=re yd ikaksfok ;dlaIK uOHia:dk 47
la f;dard f.k we;' cd;Hka;r m.Kl iy;sl
m;% mdGud,dj (ICDL), m.Kl Wmldrl bf.kq
(CAL) iy cd;Hka;r wOHdmksl f;dr;=re yd
ikaksfok ;dlaIK iy;sl m;% mdGud,dj (IPICT)
jeks iy;sl m;% ,nd .ekSu i|yd .=rejreka yg
YsIH;aj ,nd fok ,' fuhg wu;rj" mdi,aj,
y,am;sjreka yd wOHdmk ks,Odka i|yd
b-mqrjeis (e-citizen) mqyqKq YsIH;aj ,nd ka w;r"
flld,Sk jD;a;Sh mqyqKq yd ixjrOk jevigyka
i|yd mdi,a isiqka iy mdi,a yerhkakka yg
YsIH;aj ,nd fok ,'
idudkH yd YajoHd, wOHdmkfha

uQ,sl ,laIK
YSrIh
2012
2013 ^w&
10,737
9,905
342
832
98
734
4,194
339
236
10,852
10,012
350
840
104
736
4,231
342
236
18
16
18
16
w' idudkH wOHdmkh

1' uq mdi,a ixLHdj
rcfha mdi,a ixLHdj
bka" cd;sl mdi,a ixLHdj
fjk;a mdi,a
fm!oa.,sl ^wd&
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2' uq YsIH ixLHdj ^Z000&
3' kj we;=<;a lr .ekS ^Z000& ^we&
4' uq .=rejre ixLHdj ^Z000&
5' YsIH$.=re wkqmd;h
rcfha mdi,a
fjk;a mdi,a
wd' YajoHd, wOHdmkh ^rdcH&
1' YajoHd, ixLHdj
2' YsIH ixLHdj ^wE&
3' l:ldpdrhjre ixLHdj
4' Wmd,;a ixLHdj
5' m%:u Wmdh i|yd kj we;=<;a ^wE&
we' wOHdmkh i|yd jQ rcfha uq hou
^re' ,shk& ^t&
jr;k hou
jr;k hou
15
15
70,222^b&
78,442
11,614^B&
,e'fkd'
5,176
5,457
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136.2
107.3
28.9
151.8
119.8
32.0
uQ,hka( wOHdmk wud;HdxYh

^w& ;djld,sl
s dok fldiu
^wd& rch iska wkqu; fm!oa.,sl YajoHd, m%;m

mdi,a iy fYaI wjYH;d iys; uqo,a yd l%uimdok

<uqka i|yd jQ mdi,a ^fuhg iud. wud;HdxYh
YS% ,xld uy nexl=j

mk; hgf;a ,shdmx l<

cd;Hka;r mdi,a wh;a fkdf&
^we& rcfha mdi,a i|yd mu'
^wE& jD; YajoHd,fha YsIH ixLHdj we;=<;a ke;'
^b& bfi w.h ms<sn| Iu;d inkaOfhka wlrKfha Nd. fjka
meje;s kvq fya;=fjka 2011 w'fmd'i' ^W'fm<& Nd.hg w, kjl
isiqka nòjd fkd.;a neka 2012 jifr YsIH ixLHdj wvqh' flfia
fj;;a" wOHhk yd wkOHk ldrhuKav, jev jrck fya;=fjka jir
wjidkh jk g YajoHd, lsysmhl wjika Nd. iy wOHhk jrI
ksu fkdlsu" ie,lsh hq;= my<hdula jdr;d fkdug fya;=h'
^B& wOHhk yd wkOHk ldrh uKv, jev jrck fya;=fjka mSG lsysmhl
wjika Nd. fkdmeje;au fya;=fjka 2012 jifr Wmd,;a ixLHdj
wvqh'
^W& bfi w.h .Kkh lsu ioyd Nd; l< l%ufoh wNsfhda.hg
,lalrka fYa%IaGdlrKh bfha f.dkql< kvq fya;=fjka idudkH
n|jd.ekSj,g wu;rj n|jd.;a isiqka 5"182la we;=<;ah'
^W!& 2012 jifr kj we;=<;a u.ska 2011 w'fmd'i' ^W'fm<& Nd.hg
w<j 2013 jifr we;=<;a lr.;a isiqka ixLHdj lafjk w;r"
2013 jifr kj we;=<;a u.ska 2014 jifr m<uq ldr;=f we;=<;a
lr.;a isiqka ixLHdj laf'
^t& idudkH yd Wiia wOHdmkh i|yd jQ rcfha ho
fjkiajk f,dalfha b,au iu`. iu.d f

wruqka Y%S ,xld Wiia wOHdmk lafIa;%fhys iqYd,
mjr;khla is fjka mj;S' ta wkqj" N+f.da,Sh
jYfhka is Y%u n,ldhla ksrudKh lsu
i|yd" fiajdfhdaclhkaf.a wjYH;d iu`. iu.d
fjka idm%hsl ud,ssfhka neyerj ksmqK;d
mdol lr.;a wOHdmk moaO;shla lrd wOHdmk
lafIa;%h mjr;kh fjka is' Wiia wOHdmkh
i|yd jk b,au imqrd,Sug rchg wiSre neka"

Wiia wOHdmkh i|yd jk rcfha taldldrh
mSvkhlg hg;au fkdje<elah yels jkq
we;' ;jo" isiqka wfmalaId lrk wOHdmkfha
.=Kd;aulNdjh yd YajoHd, iska ,nd fok
m%;Ska w;r mr;rhla ksrudKh we;s w;r"
mj;sk im;a Nd;fhka th wju lsu wiSre f'
tuksid" Y%S ,xld YajoHd, iska m%kh lrk
mdGud,d Odx.SlrKh l< hq;= w;ru" f.da,Sh
fjf<|fmd< ;=< isiqkag je wjia:d yslr u
i|yd isiqka ksrdjrKh jk ksmqK;d ug mq,a
lsu o l< hq;=j we;' Wiia wOHdmk lafIa;%fha
rcfha taldldrh wvq lsf wruqka" wOHhk
YsIag;d fjkqfjka rdcH yd fm!oa.,sl wxY
tlsfkld iu`. ;r.ld f,i lghq;= lrk m
jvd u;a oa-ia:r moaO;shla lrd .uka lsu
iqiq f' rdcH fkdjk Wiia wOHdmk wdh;k
iska mj;ajd f.k hd hq;= ;;a;aj m%;Ska ms<sn|j
Wiia wOHdmk wud;HdxYfha rdcH fkdjk wxYh
kqj;a lsu i|yd ;;a;aj iy;sllrKh yd
m%;S;kh ms<sn| ia:djr lgqjla (SCARA) m;a
lrk ,' ;jo" Wmd fyda Ydia;%Sh fYaI;d m%kh
lrk mqoa.,hka yd wdh;k fj; n,meje;afjk
iSud ms<sn| jvd;a wjOdkh fhduq flfrk fia 1978
wxl 16 ork YajoHd, mkf;a 128 jk fldgi
ixfYdaOkh lsug fhdackd we;'
YajoHd, moaO;sfha m%Odk wdh;kh f,i
lghq;= lrk YajoHd, m%;smdok fldiu jir
;=< O wNsfhda. uOHfha Wiia wOHdmk wdh;k
l<ukdlrKh lsu i|yd wLKavj lghq;= l<
w;r" tu.ska YajoHd, fufyhq lghq;= iqug
f,i mj;ajdf.k hk ,' 2011$12 wOHhk jrIh
i|yd 2013 jifr idudkH iy fYaI Odk
hgf;a YajoHd, moaO;shg we;=<;a lr.;a isiqka
ixLHdj 28"908 la h' fuhg wu;rj" w'fmd'i'
Wiia fm< i|yd Ih Odrdjla f,i ,nd ug
ksh; ;dlaIl Ihh YajoHd, m%;smdok
fldiu iska YajoHd, m%fYh i|yd wkqu;
lrk ,o w;r" 2016 jkg ta hgf;a mefKk
isiqka YajoHd,j,g we;=<;a lr .ekSu i|yd
w< mSGj, ;dlaIK fomdr;fka;= msysgqf
lghq;= lkka is flfrka mj;S' YajoHd,
m%;smdok fldiu 2013 jifr kj mYapd;a
Wmd mdGud,d 26 la i|yd o wkque;sh ,nd we;'
2013 jifr Wiia wOHdmk wud;HdxYh iska
kj Wiia wOHdmk wdh;k lsysmhla i|yd Wmd
m%kh lsf n,h wkqu; lrk ,' ta wkqj"
3'10 ixLHd
igyk
101
f;dard.;a m%:u Wmd mskeu i|yd Y%S ,xld jr,;a

.KldlrK wdh;kh (ICASL)" cd;sl jHdmdr
mmd,k mdi, (NSBM)" Y%S ,xld cd;Hka;r fn!oaO
oHdh;kh (SIBA) yd fld<U cd;Hka;r kdl
yd bxfkare mdi, (CINEC) fj; wkque;sh ,nd
we;' O lafIa;%hka ys m%:u Wmd iqiql yslr
.ekSf by< wjia:d mej;Su u.ska lrudka;j,
mj;sk Y%u wjYH;djh yd iqiql,;a /lshd
wfmalaIlhka w;r f jkg we;s mq,a mr;rh
u`.yerug wfmalaId flfr' cd;sl YajoHd, yd
Wiia wOHdmk wdh;kj, mrfhaIK yd ixjrOk
uq,ms iu;a lsu i|yd wOHdmk wud;HdxYh
yd YajoHd, m%;smdok fldiu taldnoaOj"
zkfjda;amdok mrfhaIK m%;smdok fhdackd l%uhZ
(IRGS) wdrN lr we;' fuu fhdackd l%uh
u.ska udkj im;a m%jrOkh lrk w;ru" uQ,sl"
m%dfhda.sl yd wkqjr;l mrfhaIK i|yd iydh
,ndug wfmalaId flfr'
;dlaIl yd jD;a;Sh wOHdmk yd mqyqKq
lafIa;%h (TVET) 2013 jifr o ;D;Shsl wOHdmkh
Yla;su;a lsu i|yd il%Sh f,i hl h' wOHhk
yd wkOHk fiajl uKav,fha iSudl uOHfha jqj
o" m%;s,dN /ila ysu fya;=fldgf.k ;dlaIl
yd jD;a;Sh wOHdmk yd mqyqKq lafIa;%hg we;s b,au
by< hka mj;S' 2013 jir wjidkh jkg rgmqrd
;dlaIl yd jD;a;Sh wOHdmkh ,nd fok rdcH
wdh;k 519 la iy fm!oa.,sl yd rdcH fkdjk
wdh;k 562 la u.ska ms<s.;a mdGud,d 1"601 la ,nd
fok ,' cd;sl jD;a;Sh iqiql moaO;sh hgf;a
;D;Shsl yd jD;a;Sh wOHdmk fldIka iNdj
(TVEC) iska jir ;=< cd;sl jD;a;Sh iqiql
iy;sl m;% 22"855 la ,nd we;' f.dvke.s,s
iy bls" jdyk w;ajehd yd kv;a;= ls"
,s" bf,lafg%dksl yd ,s ixfoaY" f;dr;=re yd
ikaksfok yd nyq udOH ;dlaIKh iy NdId jeks
Odldr lafIa;% i|yd ldrl wOHdmk yd mqyqKq
lsf fomdr;fka;=j iska ldrl oHd,j,g
isiqka we;=<;a lr .kakd ,'
ksjdi iy kd.l ixjOkh
zuyskao ka;khZ g wkqj jir 2020

jkg zieug ksjil ysld;ajhZ ,nd
f cd;sl m%;sm;a;sh idlaId;a lr .ekSu
i|yd 2013 jifr rch iska mshjr
/ila .kakd ,' kj ksjdi blsu" kg
mj;sk ksjdi myiql w;ajehd lsu" ksjdi
blsu i|yd uQ,Huh iydh ,nd u" wvq
102
.=Kd;aulNdjhlska hq;= ksjdij,ska m%;sia:dmkh

lsu" kej; mx lsu yd foam< yslu ;yjqre
lsu jeks O udkhka Tiafia l%shd;aul jk
m%fYhlska rcfha Wmdhudr.h iuka; f' ta
hgf;a l%shd;aul lrk ,o ksjdi jevigyka u.ska
jir ;=< rgmqrd mjq,a /ilg m%;s,dN ys h' f
w;r" fuys uQ,sl j.lSu ork bls" bxfkare
fiajd" ksjdi yd fmd myiql wud;HdxYh iska
2013 iema;enr ui uyck woyia lau
i|yd bm;a l< zcd;sl ksjdi m%;sm;a;shZ 2014
jir ;=< t<slaug ie,iq lr we;' ish
myiqlj,ska yd mir ys;ld jgdmsgdjlska hq;a
ia:djr" h yels yd .=Kd;aul ksjil j;a f
whs;sh fuu`.ska ;yjqre flfrkq we;'
rf ksjdi myiql by< kexu i|yd
2013 jifr o O ksjdi ixjrOk jevigyka
l%shd;aul fl' cd;sl ksjdi ixjrOk wldh
^cd'ks'i'w'&" kd.l ckdjdi ixjrOk wldh
^kd'c'i'w'&" uy,a ksjdi l<ukdlrK wldh
yd Ika mqoa.,sl iud.u iska wdrN
lrk ,o jevigyka 12 la i|yd 2013 jifr
bls" bxfkare fiajd" ksjdi yd fmd myiql
wud;HdxYh u.ska remsh,a ,shk 7 lg wl
uqo,la jeh fl' cd'ks'i'w' hgf;a l%shd;aul
jk ckfijK ksjdi ixjrOk jevigyk
hgf;a mjq,a 21"000 lg wl m%udKhlg ish
ksjdi ksulr .ekSu i|yd m%;s,dN ys h' ;jo"
jir ;=< ksjeishka 6"933 lg m%;s,dN i,ika
cd'ks'i'w' hgf;a l%shd;aul jk zk.uq mqrjrZ
ksjdi h;, myiql m%;sixialrK jevigyk
hgf;a ksjdi fhdackd l%u 26 la m%;sixialrKh
lsf lghq;= wdrN lsu iy uy,a ksjdi
l<ukdlrK wldh iska ksjdi fhdackd l%u
12 la klrKh lsu is lrk ,' f w;r"
ksis ysld;ajhlska f;drj rcfha ksjdi fhdackd
l%uj, j;ajk ksjeishka 2"581 fofkl=g cd'ks'i'w'
iska iskaklalr Tmamq ,nd fok ,' wvq myiql
iys; ck;dj i|yd kd.l ixjrOk wldh
^kd'i'w'& iska bl< ksjdi tall 500 lska iuka;
fougf.dv zys fikamqrZ ksjdi fhdackd l%uh
2013 fkdjenr ui jD; fl' wvq myiql
iys; mjq,a i|yd kd'i'w' iska ;j;a jHdmD;s 10
la hgf;a w;sfrl ksjdi tall 5"000 la 2014 jifr
ksu lsug wfmalaId flfr' kd'c'i'w' iska
jir ;=< ;,jdlef,a - ,s," y,dj;" w`.=,dk
yd kdj ksjdi jevigyka iy ckfijK h
jevigyk hgf;a ksjdi tall 1"019 l bls
fld<U w.%.KH k.rhla njg mj;kh lsu
f,dj mqrd kd.l m%foaYj, jdih lrk ck.ykh

by< hdu;a iu`. f.da,Sh jYfhka iS>% kd.lrKhla
isfjka mj;S' f.da,Sh kd.l ck.ykh 1950 jifr
jQ ,shk 3'6 isg jir 2050 jkg ,shk 6'3 la
olajd ishhg 72 lska by< hkq we;ehs mqfrdal:kh
lr we;'1 1970 jifr mej;s mqoa.,hska ,shk 10 g
jvd je ck.ykhla iys; Yd, k.r 2 jQfha
fgdalsfhdaj iy ksfhdarla k.rh mu' 2011 jkg
fufia Yd, ck.ykhla we;s k.r ixLHdj 23 la
olajd by< f.dia we;s w;r tu k.rj,ska wvlau
wdishdf mssysgd we;'
Y%S ,xldf o kd.l m%foaYj,g ck.ykh ixl%uKh
f m%jK;djhla olakg ,ef' fld<U ia;%slalfha
weia;fka;=.; ,shk 2'3 l ck.ykfhka ishhg
77'5 la kd.l mxlrejka f,i jr.SlrKh lr
we;'2 fld<U k.rfha isjk Yd, ixjrOkfhys
m%;sM,hla f,i k.rfha mxlrejka fukau k.rhg
ixl%uKh jk mqoa.,hka ixLHdj o bfha ;jrg;a
by< hkq we;'
uE;l is lrk ,o wOHhkhlg wkqj3" fld<U
uOHu jHdmdl ia;%slalh ;=< kgu;a wdrN
lr we;s iy wdrN lsug ksh; m%Odk jHdmD;s
ixLHdj 494 la jk w;r ta fya;=fjka b jir 3 - 5
w;r ld,fha fld<U k.rfha N+ orYKh Yd,
mjr;khlg ,lajkq we;' fuu jHdmD;s wjikau;a
iu`.u" fld<U uOHu jHdmdl ia;%slalhg wh;ajk
jr. m%udKh jr. gr ,shk 4 lska muK by< hkq
we;ehs o" kj fydag,a ldur 7"900 la iy noaO ksjdi
7"600 laa muK tl;= jkq we;ehs o wfmalaId flfr'
fuhg wu;rj" fuu ixjrOkhkaf.a m%;sM,hla
f,i w;sfrl jYfhka mxlrejka iy k.rhg
ixl%uKh jkakka ixLHdj 175"000 muK jkq we;ehs
mqfrdal:kh lr we;'5
1 tlai;a cd;Skaf.a wdr:l yd iudc inkaO;d fomdr;fka;=f World

Urbanisation: Prospect the 2011 revision keu;s m%ldYkh'
2 2012 Y%S ,xldf ck.yk iy ksjdi ms<sn| ix.kkfha ;djld,sl
o;a;j,g wkqj rf iuia; ck.ykfhka kd.l f,i jr.SlrKh lr
we;s ck.ykh ishhg 20 g jvd wvq h' flfia fj;;a" wl ck.ykh
iy f.dvke.s,s >k;ajh jeks kd.l ,laIKj,ska fy fndfyda k.r
ix.kkfha wr: laug wkqj kd.l ldKavhg wh;a fkdf'
3 Ernst and Young wdh;kfha kdhl;ajfhka hq;a lKavdhula iska fld<U
uOHu jHdmdr ia;%slalfha h;, myiql Od;djh iy Wmfhda.S;d
fiajd mr;rh ms<sn|j wOHhkhla is lr we;' fuu wOHhkh u.ska
fld<U 1" fld<U 2 iy fld<U 3 m%foaY wdjrKh lrk ,'
4 fhda; jHdmD;s iuQyh wdfhdack uKav,fha (BOI) iy kd.l ixjrOk
wldfha (UDA) o;a; u; mok f'
5 uOHu jHdmdr ia;%slalhg mndysr ^fld<U 4-15& m%foaYfha jHdmD;s 33
la ykd f.k we;' fuu ixjrOkhka f.dvke.s,s fCIa;%hg wu;r
jr. gr ,shk 1'1 la tl;= lrk w;r ixl%ukslhka iy mxlrejka
105"000 la wdlrIKh lr .ekSug bjy,a jkq we;ehs wfmalaId flfr'
fuu wOHkh fhda; jrdh k.r ixjrOkh wdjrKh fkdlrk ,'
ixLHd igyk fld<U jHdmdl iaa;%slalfha kg mj;sk

iy fhda; ksYap, foam< iuQyh
'i' 5'1
tAll
2012
i;H
20201$
weia;fka;=
iqms iydm;H
tall ixLHdj
1"800
9"400
;re 4$5 fydag,a ldur

tafY%afha ldrhd, bv
myiql
wfkl=;a bvmyiql
ldur ixLHdj
2"500
10"400
jr. gr
83"000
537"000
jr. gr
12"000
366"000
1$ kd.l ixjrOk wldh iy wdfhdack uKav,fhka ,nd.;a" fld<U

jHdmdl ia;%slalh ;=< 2020 olajd l%shd;aulug ksh; wkqu; lrk
,o bls jHmD;s iy ixjrOk ie,iq ,ehsia;=jla u; mok f'
w.%.KH k.rhl ;sh hq;= m%Odk ,laIKh

jkafka tu k.rhgu fYaIs; jQ .=Kdx.hka fukau
wkkH;djhla mej;Suhs' wjYH l=i,;djka iy
wdfhdackhka wdlrIKh lr .ekSu i|yd meye,s
iy yrj;a fhdackdj,shla ;su o wjYH f' msis
nj" ;%YS,S nj iy y; jrKfhka hqla; u w.%.KH
k.rhl ;sh hq;= .=Kdx. f,i lah yelsh'
tjeks k.rhl ;sridr kd.l h;, myiql yd
wfkl=;a fiajdjka fukau ldrhlaIu yd YajikSh
fmd m%jdyk moaO;shla o ;sh hq;=h' iqrlaIs;Ndjh
iy wdrlaIdj o fujeks w.%.KH k.rhl mej;sh hq;=
;j;a iqfYaIS ,laIKhls' fld<U k.rh ixjrOkh
lsf m%;sm;a;s imdolhka fujeks lreKq
ms<sn|j ie,ls,su;a u iy tjeks lreKq ixjrOk
ie,iqj, we;=<;a lsu u.ska jHdmdr mj;ajdf.k
hdu iy wdfhdackh lsu i|yd wdlrIh k.rhla
f,i fld<U k.rh f;dard .ekSu iqiq nj ;yjqre
l< hq;= f' foaY iDcq wdfhdaclhka wdlrIKh
lr .ekSu i|yd l,dmfha wfkl=;a rgj, Yd,
k.r yd ;r`. lsu myiqug mej;sh hq;= uQ,sl wxY
w;=ka h;, myiql mej;Su m%Odk jk neka"
jejk b,aug i,k m h;, myiql iy
Wmfhda.S;d fiajd iemhSu w;HjYH f'
fYaI igyk 5
kg isfjka mj;sk Yd, blsj,g iu.dj

c,h" ,sh" li< ldKq moaO;sh iy jeis c,dmjykh"
f.dvke.s,s ;=< .sks wdrlaIKh iy >k wmjH
l<ukdlrKh iy m%jdyk h;, myiql jeks
m%Odk uyck Wmfhda.S;djhka i|yd jk b,au
fndfyda fia by< hkq we;' fuu jHdmD;sj,ska
ckkh jk b,afuys m%;sM,hla f,i kg mj;sk
h;, myiql u; w;sYd, mSvkhla we;s jkq
we;' ta wkqj" fld<U k.rfha kg mj;sk b,au
iy k.rfha is lrk ixjrOk lghq;= fya;=fjka
wkd.;fha we;s h yels b,aug i,k m%Odk
103
uyck Wmfhda.S;d iy h;, myiqlj, Od;djh

;lafiare lsu i|yd uE;l wOHkhla is lrk
,' tu wOHhkfhka fy<sor jQ m%Odk lreKq my;
m idrdxY l< yel'
c, iemhqu( ie,iq lrk ,o c, iemhqu jelsf

jHdmD;s iy kdia;sh wvq lsf jHdmD;s wfmalaIs;
m wjika lsu u.ska kj ixjrOk l%shdj,Ska
ksid cks; jk jejk b,au iemsug yelsjkq
we;ehs wfmalaId flfr' flfia fj;;a" jeis c,h
/ia lsu" c,h msueiSf WmlrK Nd;h .ekau
iy md lrk ,o c,h m;% lsu yd kej;
m%fhdackhg .ekSu jeks wxY flfrys je wjOdkhla
fhduq lrka b,a l<ukdlrK l%ufohka
ms<sn|j o wjOdkh fhduq lsu wjYH f' fuu
b,a l<ukdlrK l%shdj,Ska ;=<ska jeis c,dmjyk
ldKq moaO;shg uqyefrk wm;% c, m%udKh wvq
lrk neka ldKq moaO;sh u; we;slrk mSvkh wvq
lrka wu;r jdishla o ,nd foa'
>k wmjH( fld<U uyk.r iNd n, m%foaYfha kg
,sh( fld<U k.rfha kg mj;sk Wmu ,sn,
.sks ksf fiajd( b;d by<g fjk f.dvke.s,s"
b,au fu.dfjd,a wemshr tall 300 la muK

f' fhda; ixjrOk jevigykaj,g iu.dj
jir 2020 jkg fuh fu.dfjda,a wemshr 400 la
muK jkf;la by, hkq we;ehs wfmalaIs;h' ,xld
,sn, uKav,h iska fld<U jrdh wdY%s; m%foaYfha
blsug ie,iq lrk fu.d fjda,a wemshr 500 l
Od;djhlska hq;a cd,l Wm uOHia:dkh (grid
substation) fya;=fjka jrdh lghq;=" fhdacs; jrdh
k.r ixjrOk (port city development) jHdmD;sh"
fukau fld<U jHdmdl ia;%slalh ;=< isug
ksh; fhda; ixjrOkhka fya;=fjka we;sh yels
by< b,au iemsug m%udKj;a jkq we;ehs wfmalaId
flfr' flfia fj;;a" y; f.dvke.s,s blsu" ,s
ckl hka;% Nd;hg wkqn, u" ,sh iq/lSu ms<sn|
uyck;dj kqj;a lsu iy iQrh n,h iy iq,x n,h
jeks mqkrckkSh n,Yla;s m%Njhka Nd;hg wkqn,
u jeks wfkl=;a l%ufohka ms<sn|j ie,ls,su;a u
wjYH f'
kk m%jdyk myiql" uydudr. iy wf.S

udr." wl wdik Od;djhlska hq;a l%Svdx.k"
iuka;%KYd,d" iskudy,a jeks ia:dk iy wka;rcd;sl
l%Svd W;aijhka wdY%s;j we;sh yels yis wjia:djka
ms<sn|j ie,lSf ie,lsh hq;= k`.disgqula wjYH
;j;a lafIa;%hla f,ig fuu wxYh ykdf.k we;'
b;d by<g fjk f.dvke.s,sj, we;sh yels yis
wjia:d fufyhu i|yd wjYH Od;djh" fuu
f.dvke.s,s wdjrKh jk f,i ieliQ kS;suh rduqj"
wjg msys .sks ksjk uOHia:dk yd iyfhda.fhka jev
lsu ;yjqre lsu" kk WmlrK ,nd .ekSu iy .sks
wdrlaIKh iy .sks ks ms<sn|j .kakd l%shdudr.
ms<sn|j wka;rcd;sl ugf mqyqKq ,nd .ekSu
hkdh fufia ykdf.k we;s .eg f' ta wkqj" kj
.sks fiajd mk; ykajd u" b;d Wi f.dvke.s,sj,
.sks ksu i|yd kg we;s kS;s;s ixfYdaOkh
lsu" .sks ksjk uOHia:dkj, mj;sk WmlrK tys
Od;djh by< kexu" yis wjia:dj, c,h ,nd
.ekSf yelshdj jehqKq lsu" Wmj iys; jH
.nvd lsu i|yd meye,s Wmfoia ud,djla ieliSu
iy bls i|yd Nd;d lrk jHj, .sks.kakd
iq nj mlaId lsu i|yd iuq;Ska we;s lsu jeks
.sks ksjk fiajdj jehqKq lsu i|yd .;yels
l%shdudr. .Kkdjla fhdackd lr we;s w;r fuu
fhdackd b jir lsysmh ;=< ldrhlaIuj lrf.k
hdu w;HjYH f'
li, ldKq moaO;sh ( jir 100lg muK fmr ia:dmkh

lrk ,o li< ldKq moaO;sfha Od;djh m%udKj;a
fkdu" fld<U k.rh jr;udkfha uqyqKfoka
isk b;d nrm;, .egjls' ie,iq lr we;s kj
l%ufohka yuqf mjd fhda; k.r ixjrOkhka ksid
W;amdokh jk jejk b,au imqrd,Su wNsfhda.hla
jkq we;' tneka fhda; ixjrOk jHdmD;Skag wjysr
fkdjk f,ig fuu Wmfhda.s;d fiajh mj;ajd
.ekSu i|yd wu;r l%shdudr. fndfyduhla l%shd;aul
lsu wjYH jkq we;' iemhq wxYfhka .;al, li<
ldKq moaO;sfha Od;djh by< kexu ms<s.; yels
104
iuq;Skag wkqj is l< hq;= w;r" b,a wxYfhka

.;al, .dia;= meku" c,h ixrlaIKh iy jeis c,h
/ialsu .ekau li, ldkq moaO;sh u; we;sh
yels mSvkh wju lsu i|yd .; yels l%shdudr.
f'
tla /iajk >k wmjH m%udKh klg fu%la fgdka
700 l ugu 2020 jkg ;=ka .=Khlska muK je
jkq we;ehs mqfrdal;kh lr we;' f inkaOfhka
wjOdkh fhduq lsf jr;udk >k wmjH
l<ukdlrK ms<sn|j iia;rd;aul urYKhla
is lsu wjYH f' l,amhla f,i Nd;d flfrk
fi!LHdrlaIs; f,i bv f.dv lsug wu;rj"
ckkh jk wmjH wvq lsu" kej; Nd;hg .ekSu
iy m%;spl%SlrKh lsu i|yd wmjH ksIamdokh jk
m%Njfhau tajd fjka lsu i|yd fhduq lsu iy
wmjH Nd;fhka n,Yla;sh ksmou .ekaug
iyk ,ndu w;HjYH f'
m%jdykh( msis iy ldrhlaIu fukau mir

ys;ld iy n,Yla;s ldrhlaIuj Nd;d lrk fmd
m%jdyk moaO;shla mej;Su fld<U w.%.KH k.rhla
lghq;= wdrN lrk ,' ;jo" wvq myiql iys;

ckdjdij, j;ajk m%cdj in, .ekaf
wruqka kd'c'i'w' hgf;a ckfijK iajYla;s
udkj ixjrOk jevigyk wLKavj l%shd;aul
fl' ck iyNd.S;ajh ;=<ska wvq myiql iys;
kd.l ckdjdi 35"000 lg Wmld u i|yd fuu
jevigyk hgf;a uQ,sl lghq;= is lrk ,'
kd.l ixjrOkh" wdr:l jrOkh f.j;a
lrk m%Odk idOl w;ka tlls' ksis f,i ie,iq
l<" wdr:luh jYfhka M,hS" mdil jYfhka
y;uh" msis yd fi!LHdrlaIs;" iy wdrlaIdld
k.r rgmqrd mej;Su u.ska ish mdrYajlrejka yg
nyqO m%;s,dN ysjk w;r" rf wdr:l ixjrOkh
o f.j;a jkq we;' foaYSh iDcq wdfhdack yd
fm!oa.,sl wxYfha wdfhdack wdlrIKh lr
.ekSu i|yd fukau f,dj lSr;su;a iud.
msysgqu i|yd o kd.l ixjrOkh w;HjYH f'
fuhg wu;rj" hym;a rdcld mirhla mej;Su"
iqjmyiq yd Odldr flS l%shdldrl mej;Su
iy iajdNdl m;aj, we;s wjk iy.; nj
wvqu ;=<ska kd.l iudcj, jk ;;a;ajhka
by< kexfjkq we;ehs wfmalaId flfr'
wdlD;sl inkaO;dj" fmd m%jdyk fiajd Nd;h

;j;a wdlrYh m%jdyk udOHhla f,i jehqKq
lsu i|yd w;HjYH f'
fld<U k.rh w.%.KH k.rhla njg m;alsf
bv Nd;d lrk wdldrh" ck.yk jrOk m%jk;d
iy whjeh m%;smdok iSudl ms<sn|j ie,ls,su;a
fjka taldnoaO ie,iqlrKh iy k.r ixjrOk
lghq;= m%uqL;djhlska hq;=j is lsu wjYH f'
fld<U k.rfha isjk uyd mudKfha ixjrOk
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jk ynkaf;dg zud. reyqKqmqr cd;Hka;r
iuka;%K Yd,djZ 2013 fkdjenr ui jD;
fl' ;jo" jHdmdl lghq;=" fmd Wmfhda.S;d"
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by< hka mj;S' fuu ;;a;ajh ms<sUq lrka
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isg 2013 jkg ishhg 42 olajd by< f.dia we;'
jdyk ixLHdj by< hdu wl udr. ;onohg
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we;' fujeks jrOk m%jK;djhka yuqf jehqKq
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uE; jirj, olakg ,enqKq irj

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my; jegqKq nj 2012$13 .Dy tall wdh yd
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flfr' tfiau" ck;dj w;r wdh fnhdf
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/ila l%shd;aul fl' jfkdamdh ixjrOk
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wvq wdh,NSkaf.a jk ;;a;ajh Wiia lsu
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iudc h;, myiql ixjrOkh iy udkj
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505
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w;r ishq ;=,khla mj;ajd .ekSu c.;a wNsfhda.
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ksr;j is' ;sridr ixjrOkh lrd fhduq jQ iuia;
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flgqm;a l< Y%S ,xldf foaY.=l mrhdi
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mrhdi wvq lsu yd tu fhdackd ms<s.ekSu

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2013 jifr cd;sl y; jdr;dlrK l%ufoh
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lsu u.ska cd;sl y; jdr;dlrK l%ufoh
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l<ukdlrKh lsug wjYH o;a; Yaf,aIKh
lsu i|yd Nd;d lsug myiq m.Kl uDldx.
fm<la 2013 jifr ilia fl' uyje,s
.x.dOdrfha j;ajk wvq jrm%ido,dNS lDIsldrl
ck;dj flfrys foaY.=l mrhdij,ska isjk
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f,dal wdydr jevigyk iy mir yd mqkrckkSh
n,Yla;s wud;HdxYh w;r 2013 jifr .siqula
w;aika ;e'
mirh ms<sn| ie,ls,su;aNdjh" ixjrOk
l%shdj,sh i|yd tl;= lsf jHjia:dms; wruqKska
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l<ukdlrKh lsu yd jehqKq lsu i|yd
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n,mEu we.hSuZ yd zuQ,sl mdil mlaIKZ
jeks iy;sl m;a ksl=;a lsu ;=<ska h fhda;
jHdmD;shla fya;=fjka mirhg ish yels n,mEu
ms<sn|j we.hS lrkq ,ef' ta wkqj" 2013 jifr
u'm'w' iska mdil n,mEu we.hS iy;sl 6
la ksl=;a lrk ,o w;r" mdil n,mE we.hS
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mlaIK iy;sl m;a 303 la ksl=;a lrk ,' 1980
wxl 47 ork cd;sl mdil mkf;a Odkj,g
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mir wdrlaIK n,m;% ,ndf lghq;= o wLKavj
is fl' O foaYSh yd cd;Hka;r wdh;kj,
iyfhda.S;ajh we;sj u'm'w' iska mdil n,mE
we.hS is lrk kshdulhka yd tu jD;a;sfhys
kshef,kakka i|yd" z17 jk mdil n,mE
we.hS mqyqKq jevigykZ" 2013 foienr ui
ixOdkh lrk ,' fuhg wu;rj" 2013 jifr
u'm'w' iska .=rejreka yd mdi,a isiqka i|yd
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lr.;a ixjrOk lghq;= l%shd;aul lsu i|yd

wdh;ksl jHqyfha Yla;su;aNdjh by< kexu
fuu.ska wfmalaId flfr' tneka" ke.=u m%cd
uQ,sl ixOdk msysgqu u.ska cd;sl ixjrOk
l%shdj,sh i|yd m%cd ugka ck;dj /ialsu
islrkq we;s w;r" tu.ska m%dfoaYSh" ia;%sla yd
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mj;sk im;a ms<sn| g,a wdlD;shla ksrudKh
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m%Odk c, Odrlj, c,fha .=Kd;aulNdjh
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iy rf ma,diala wmjH /ialsu yd m%;spl%SlrK
cd,h Yla;su;a lsu jeks lghq;=j, o u'm'w' ksr;
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