1

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Instituto de Desenvolvimento do Potencial Humano
www.idph.com.br/inglesonline

CURSO

INSTITUTO

DE

DE INGLS

ONLINE

DESENVOLVIMENTO

DO

POTENCIAL HUMANO

32 LIO

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Instituto de Desenvolvimento do Potencial Humano
www.idph.com.br/inglesonline

SUMRIO
1. Leitura e Compreenso (Reading Comprehension).............................................................................4
1.1. Main Idea...................................................................................................................................... 8
1.2. Understanding the Text................................................................................................................8
1.3. Locating Information....................................................................................................................8
1.4. Understanding Words...................................................................................................................9
1.5. Reading Comprehension...............................................................................................................9
1.6. Resposta a Exerccios Selecionados..............................................................................................9
2. Vocabulrio para Leitura e Compreenso de Textos..........................................................................10
3. Expresses Idiomticas (Phrasal Verbs)............................................................................................14
4. Gramtica (Grammar)........................................................................................................................14
5. Textos (Texts)..................................................................................................................................... 14
6. Letras de Msicas (Lyrics)..................................................................................................................16
6.1. New York, New York (Frank Sinatra duet with Tony Bennet) - New York, New York..............16
6.2. An Innocent Man (Billy Joel) - Um Homem Inocente...............................................................17
6.3. Jesus Christ Superstar................................................................................................................18
7. Histrias (Stories)............................................................................................................................... 19
7.1. The Velveteen Rabbit...................................................................................................................19
7.2. The Emperor and the Nightingale..............................................................................................20
7.3. Thumbelina................................................................................................................................ 20
8. Histrias, Frases e Anedotas (Stories, Quotes and Jokes)................................................................20

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1.

LEITURA E COMPREENSO (READING COMPREHENSION)

The coming global tongue

It is, says Jacques Chirac, a major risk for humanity. AIDS? The bomb? Over-eating? No: what
frightens the president of France is what the Internet may do to language, not least his own
countrys language.
The spectre haunting the president of France is not new. In 1898,
when Otto von Bismarck was an old man, a journalist asked him
what he saw as the decisive factor in modern history. He replied:
The fact that the North Americans speak English.
This Bismarckian alarm, says Geoffrey Nunberg, of Stanford
University in California, now has a new significance. For the
electronic media that bind the world together are essentially
carriers of language. To work efficiently, they need a common
standard. The personal computer (PC) has one: Microsofts
operating system, Windows. The Internet has another: TCP/IP, its Esperanto or transmission
protocol, which allows computers anywhere in the world to hook into it, whether they are PCs or
rival Apple Macs. The English language is now the operating standard for global communication.
In fact, electronic communications have affected, and will continue to affect, language in three
distinct ways. First, they change the way language is used. Secondly, they have created a need for a
global languageand English will fill that slot. Third, they will influence the future of other
languages which people will (perhaps perversely) continue to speak.
Start with the simplest sort of change: the way English is used in electronic converse. The language
of electronic chat is splattered with abbreviations that make it not just faster to type but also
impenetrable to the novice. Plenty of activities have vocabularies of their own, badges of identity
for the cognoscenti: think of motoring enthusiasts. So, too, with electronics.
Technology is, after all, fertile ground for vocabulary. Technology and science, including medicine,
together account for 50-60% of the new words in the addenda pages of Websters Third New
International Dictionary, according to Frederick Mish, editor-in-chief of its publishing company. The
test of cyberjargon will be its durability. Mr Mish is mulling over the inclusion of Internet, browser,
newsgroup and World Wide Web for the 1997 Collegiate Dictionary, which changes more often
than the main volume. He says sternly: We want to look at a new word for three to five years before
considering it for publication. In the instant world of cyberspace, that is eternity.
Not only is the vocabulary of electronic communication different from ordinary English; so is the way
in which it is used. In his magisterial Cambridge Encyclopedia of the English Language, David Crystal
argues that broadcasting has already created some novel language forms. One is for sports: Because
commentary is an oral reporting of ongoing activity, it is unlike other kinds of narrative (which are
typically reported in past time). Indeed, it is unlike any other kind of speech. A radio commentary is a
particularly odd creature. Charles Ferguson, an American linguist, describes it as a monologue...
directed at an unknown, unseen, heterogenous mass audience who voluntarily choose to listen, do not
see the activity being reported, and provide no feedback to the speaker.
Weirder yet and weirder
Other kinds of speech have been created by electronic communications. The answering machine, or
voice-mail, has prompted new versions of the monologue (and one, to judge by the messages that
most people leave, which most of us do not much enjoy delivering). The telephone itself made
common something that had previously been a rarity: a conversation with somebody you cannot
see. Like talking in the dark, it encourages speakers to confide. For the listener, concentration on
the voice alone, stripped of misleading body language, can be far more telling than a face-to-

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5
face conversation. One study found that it was easier to detect when a person was lying in a
telephone call than either in a video call or face-to-face.
Electronic mail has created another novelty: the written conversation. Charles Evans of
Chyden.Net, a company based in Virginia, which retails software electronically around the world,
describes the style: Theres no social pressure to avoid the broken sentence. The key word is
bandwidthwhich implies that the Internet will collapse if you use flowery language, but really
just means Get to the point. Hence the staccato style of much electronic exchange: The fiveword sentence doesnt rattle on the screen as much as it does on paper. And getting it right first
time is less important than in a letter or a fax: The cost of clarifying later is low.
A written conversation has one great advantage over the spoken word: writers can refine their
words before speaking them. But it also lacks a key quality of speech: the tone of voice that
conveys emotion. In electronic mail, says Mr Evans, I find we all have a tendency to apologise for
the fact that we cant see the other persons expression or hear their tone of voice. You wouldnt do
that in a letter. Its because were thinking of it as a conversation.
At one point, some users solved this problem with the smiley, a use of punctuation to express
delight by :-) and sorrow by :-(. Other symbols represent other basic responses. True cyberians now
dismiss such typographical fancies.
Being pass on the Internet is a hideous offence, as socially ghastly as speaking with the wrong
accent at the Ritz. To help the parvenu (or newbie) avoid flaminginsults and attacka whole
collection of books offer advice on netiquette. So vast has the industry become that
anthropologists such as Steve Mizrach, of the University of Florida College of Liberal Arts and
Sciences, are writing theses on the sociolinguistics of electronic mail, exploring the proposition
that social power is linguistic power in virtual communities. Or, to put it another way, if you write
clearly, people will take more notice of what you sayeven in cyberspace.
To foster such clarity Wired, a magazine much read by the digerati, recently produced its own style
guide, grandly called Principles of English Usage in the Digital Age. It is rather odd, therefore,
that the guide seems notably uninterested in being comprehensible to those whose first language is
not Englishor, indeed, to some of us who had thought that English was our mother tongue.
For example, in a chapter called Screw the Rules, the Wired guide offers this exemplary gem from
its pages:
On August 17, Mike Nelson, the governments point person on encryption, stepped up to the
podium at a workshop . . . and proceeded to blow smoke up the ass of more than 100 crypto wonks.
Constance Hale, the guides editor, explains: I would be very cautious about accessibility being our
first requirement, because it seems to me that you then wash out some of the most lively language.

A New Latin
But in spite of the best efforts of the geeks to give English freedom from the shackles of grammar
(as the Wired press release promises), the development of the Internet will be one more fillip to the
development of English as a world language. Mr Crystal, whose book on English as a global
language will soon be published by Cambridge University Press, argues that something
unprecedented is occurring. There has never been a language spoken by so many people in so
many places as English, he says. The result will soon be something even more extraordinary: a
language spoken by more people as a second tongue than a first.
At present, the United States contains four times as many English mother-tongue speakers as any other
country. Britain is next. Between them, these two have 70% of the 320m people whose first language is
English. That number excludes another 57m who speak creole, or creolised English, in countries such
as the Gambia, Liberia and Jamaica. But far more rapid growth is taking place in the number of people
who speak English as a subsidiary language. Within a decade, their numbers will exceed the number of
mother-tongue speakers. Peter Stevens, a Cambridge don who wrote about the rise of world English,
predicted a time when English will be taught mostly by non-native speakers of the language, to nonnative speakers, in order to communicate mainly with non-native speakers.
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6
This is an extraordinary state of affairs. Carl Mills, professor of English at the University of
Cincinnati, says nervously: It will be the first time in the history of the world that the language is
not ours any more. If a language is no longer the property of its native speakers, it will change, and
its not clear what the consequences will be.
The change, Mr Crystal points out, has occurred only since the 1960s. But the foundations of the
growth of English as a world language were laid earlier, with Britains expansion as a world power,
peaking towards the end of the 19th century, and the emergence of the United States as the leading
power of the 20th century. Americas commercial dominance has, in the latter years of the century,
been built partly on products that incorporate the English language. It is easily the worlds biggest
exporter of intellectual propertyranging from the conventionally intellectual, such as Miller and
Mailer, through the less conventional Madonna, to digital Microsoft.
Since the 1950s, the number of countries in the world has tripled. Most newly independent
countries have given English a special role, making it the dominant or official language in over 60
countries. Of course, the English is not always of the queens variety. Dont leave your values in the
trolley, exhorts a sticker in a Hong Kong supermarket.
In addition, Mr Crystal lists 75 countries where, on a rather broader definition, English is
routinely in evidence, publicly accessible in varying degrees, and part of the nations recent or
present identity. Their combined population would now be two billionmore than a third of the
worlds populationroutinely exposed, at least in theory, to the English language.
His list includes none of the countries of continental Europe, where learning English has become as
much the proper prelude to a professional career as learning to play the piano was for a Jane
Austen heroine. Bernabe Feria of Berlitz International, the worlds largest language school, says
that 70% of the 5m lessons that Berlitz gives each year are for English, compared with between 5%
and 7% for French and slightly fewer for Spanish. In Europe, French is the second most popular
language; in the United States, Spanish; in Asia, Japanese.
The demand to learn English may be only in its infancy. For a growing share of world trade will be
goods and services that incorporate languagemaybe just on the packaging or in the instruction
leaflet, but also in the form of entertainment and information. Standardising on English is a safety
measure (which is why it is virtually the universal language of air-traffic control); but it also makes
communications easier and cheaper. Like falling telephone tariffs and lower transport costs, it will
create a virtuous circle: communication becomes less expensive, so more of it occurs.
Much of it will be between computers. Already 80% of the information stored in the worlds
computers is in English. On the Internet, English is dominant, although exactly how dominant is
hard to quantify. Mr Crystal has tried searching for a variety of words for one thing"orchestra",
sayin different languages. The research suggests that, for scientific subjects, almost all material
on the Internet is in English; in all, the proportion is around 70-80%.
That is the understandable upshot of the fact that most Internet hosts and users are in the United
States. The proportion of native English-speakers on the Internet is dropping very rapidly,
Stanfords Mr Nunberg points out. People are finding ways to overcome the difficulty of sending
and receiving accented charactersNorwegians, for instance, have standardised on using OO as a
substitute for their character O/and non-Roman characters.
The big question is: as the proportion of Internet users who are not native English-speakers rises,
will they make disproportionate use of English? If so, then the Internet will further drive the spread
of the English language, and perhaps incidentally create a large new category of users: those who
can write the language colloquially, but not necessarily speak it.
What might hinder the spread? One obstacle could be the emergence of some other potentially
global language. But even Spanish, which Mr Crystal reckons is the worlds fastest-growing
language, is still used by far fewer people than English. The lead that English has already
established is probably too great to be challenged.

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7
Another possibility is machine translation. If it were reliable, then English as a world language
would not be needed. Geoffrey Kingscott, editor of Language International, a magazine for
translators and other language professionals, argues that the problem is the ambiguity of much
language. He cites a sign at Londons Heathrow Airport: No electric passenger carrying vehicles
beyond this point.
Machine translation may be better than nothing, but it calls for a highly restricted use of language,
with limited use of subordinate clauses and no word used with more than one meaningfor
instance, replace must always mean either put back or substitute but not both. Such rigour
may be too much to ask of most native-speaking writers of electronic mail, and certainly the
contributors to Wired.
Without a serious competitor, linguistic or mechanical, English may now be impregnably
established as the world standard language: an intrinsic part of the global communications
revolution. If so, what are the consequences for other languagesand for their users?
So far as the Internet is concerned, its main impact is likely to be to protect subsidiary languages,
rather than to kill them. In that sense, it is unlike radio and television. For one thing, the limitless
space on the Internet means that languages do not compete in the head-on way they do in other
media. A Danish rock festival can advertise itself on the World Wide Web in English, German and
Swedishbut it can also tout its wares in Danish. Moreover, languages with few speakers may gain
in other ways, says Stanfords Mr Nunberg:
In half an hours wandering around the Net the other day I found discussion groups in more than
60 languages, at which point I stopped counting. The Italians were talking about . . . elections, as
they always are. The French people were exchanging dirty jokes. The Indonesians as best I could
tell were arguing over whether the movie True Lies was anti-Islam or merely stupid . . . If you
give people the chance, they are less interested in turning the Net into a world forum than a
backyard fence. On his cyber-wanderings, Mr Nunberg also discovered that discussions were going
on in Aragonese, Armenian, Basque, Breton, Cambodian, Catalan, Esperanto, Estonian, Gaelic,
Galician, Hindi, Hmong, Macedonian, Swahili, Welsh and Yorubaand so on and on. The Internet
may be just the thing for people separated from their esoteric and exotic linguistic roots.
But, increasingly, people will have two languages: one for doing the shopping and talking to their
friends, the other for communicating with the formal world. That language will be English. As
Robert Frank and Philip Cook argue in The Winner-Take-All Society, published in 1995 by the
Free Press, that will give the English-speaking countries an advantage in attracting and keeping the
worlds professionals.
This will be true not only for the United States and Britain, but for developing countries too. The
Philippines, one of the largest English-speaking (or, rather, American-speaking) countries, hopes
to exploit that advantage, together with high literacy and a deregulated telephone service, to
become a media centre. India and Jamaica both use their familiarity with English to sell dataprocessing services to rich countries.
Those who are lucky enough to grow up speaking English will have a career advantage in big
multinational companies. Provided, that is, the future non-native speakers of English can
understand them.
The Economist Newspaper Limited.

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1.1. Main Idea

Which statement best expresses the main idea of the text? Explain why the other statements are not correct:
1) In the near future there will be only two languages in the world: English and Chinese
2) The texts discusses the emergence of English as a global tongue
3) The disastrous effects the world usage of English will have on the culture of non-english
speaking countries
4) The measures being taken in France to prevent the disastrous popularization of the English
Language

1.2. Understanding the Text

Decide whether the following statements are True or False. Make the necessary adjustments to the
false statements to make them correct:
T

The English language is a major risk for humanity

The English language will influence the way people communicate
Electronic mail is creating a new form of commnication: the written monologue
Smileys are used to convey emotion in a written medium
Even in cyberspace, it is an asset to be able to write clearly
The English language will soon be spoken predominantly by people whose mother
tongue is not English

Before the end of the millenium the number of non-native speakers of English will
supersede that of native speakers.

More than 50% of the information now stored in computers is in English

The widespread use of the English language in the world will end up in a language
totally different from the English that is spoken today.

1.3. Locating Information

Write down the paragraph in the text where the ideas below are presented:
.......... Gradually, people will use two languages for communication
.......... The mastery of the English language is a fundamental prerequisite for success in ones career
.......... E-mail is an objective means of communication
.......... International commerce is increasingly incorporating products that carry, in one way or
another, the English language
.......... The United States is the biggest exporter of intellectual property

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1.4. Understanding Words

Refer back to the text and find the meaning of the following words and expressions:
haunting
...................................................
stripped of
...................................................
body language...................................................
points out
...................................................
put back
...................................................

bind
...................................................
misleading
...................................................
get to the point..................................................
hinder
...................................................

1.5. Reading Comprehension

Now you try to answer the following questions:
1) How will electronic communications affect language?
2) What is cyberjargon?
3) What other kinds of speech have been created by electronic communications?
4) How does electronic mail differ from communication on paper?
5) Where in the text does the author state that some variations of the English language will be
difficult even for native speakers to understand?
6) What will happen to the English language when the number of non-native speakers exceeds
that of native speakers?
7) What happens when communication gets less expensive?
8) Why is most of the communication between computer users in English?
9) What might prevent the English language from becoming the global tongue?
10) What does the text say about machine translations?
11) After having read this text, are you finally convinced that it is important for you to understand
the English language?

1.6. Resposta a Exerccios Selecionados

1) De trs maneiras distintas: em primeiro lugar, elas mudam a forma como a linguagem usada;
em segundo, elas criam a necessidade de uma linguagem global, e o ingls provavelmente vai
preencher esta posio; em terceiro, elas influenciaro o futuro de outras lnguas.
2) Cyberjargon o jargo usado por usurios de sistemas de comunicao eletrnicos e consiste
de um vocabulrio e uma maneira de usar a lngua inglesa diferentes do ingls comum.
3) A mdia eletrnica criou, por exemplo, a narrativa esportiva, que um relato oral de uma
atividade em andamento, diferente de outros tipos de narrativa. O prprio telefone criou a
conversa com algum que no se pode ver, surgiram ento a secretria eletrnica e a caixa
postal, e a comunicao eletrnica tambm criou a conversa escrita.
4) A conversa eletrnica cheia de abreviaes que tornam mais rpida a digitao, mas tambm
dificultam o entendimento para os iniciantes. No existe presso social no sentido de evitar
frases interrompidas, entender bem, num primeiro momento, menos importante do que em
uma carta ou fax, pois o custo de esclarecer mais tarde barato. Na conversa eletrnica o mais
importante ir direto ao assunto.
5) Na parte em que fala sobre o guia Princpios do Uso do Ingls na Era Digital, o autor
comenta que o guia parece notavelmente desinteressado em ser compreensvel para aqueles
cuja primeira lngua no o ingls, ou, de fato, para aqueles que pensavam que o ingls era a
sua lngua me.
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10
6) O ingls ser ensinado principalmente por falantes no nativos da lngua, para falantes no
nativos, com o objetivo de comunicarem-se com outros falantes no nativos. Seria a primeira
vez na histria que o ingls no seria mais dos falantes nativos e se uma lngua deixa de ser
propriedade dos seus falantes nativos ela sofre mudanas, e as conseqncias de tais
mudanas no so claras.
7) Quando a comunicao se torna menos cara isto gera um crculo virtuoso, ou seja, um crculo
benfico: a comunicao se torna menos cara, ento muito mais comunicao acontece.
8) Porque a maioria dos servidores e usurios da internet esto nos Estados Unidos.
9) O surgimento de outra lngua potencialmente global e as mquinas de traduo.
10) O texto afirma que se elas fossem confiveis o ingls como uma lngua mundial, no seria
necessrio. Entretanto, elas podem ser melhores do que nada, o problema que para
funcionar elas requerem, devido ambigidade de muitos idiomas, um uso muito restrito da
lngua.
11) Certamente, aps ler este texto estou convencido de que importante entender a lngua
inglesa, isto representa uma vantagem competitiva na rea profissional e abre um mundo de
possibilidades de acesso a informao e de contato com pessoas do mundo todo.

2.

VOCABULRIO

PARA

LEITURA E COMPREENSO

DE

TEXTOS

{466} roman <0,054%> [1] When in Rome, do as the

Romans do. (Quando em Roma, fazem como os romanos.)
[2] Certainly the perception of time of a Roman
citizen living in the ancient era was quite different
from ours. (Certamente a percepo de tempo de um
cidado romano vivendo na antiguidade era muito diferente
da nossa.) [3] Nor the Romans, nor the Jews, nor
Judas understand what glory is. (Nem os Romanos,
nem os Judeus, nem Judas entendem o que a glria.) [4]
Quick Caiaphas, go call the Roman guard. (Rpido Caiafs, v chamar a guarda Romana.)
[5] The crowd crown him King which the Romans would ban. (A multido o coroa Rei
que os Romanos iriam banir.)
{467} living <0,016%> [1] They were inhabited by charcoal-burners, and the living was
bad. (Seus habitantes so lenhadores que produzem carvo vegetal, e nesses lugares no se vive
bem.) [2] I can think of younger days when living for my life was everything a man could
want to do. (Eu posso pensar no tempo em que eu era mais jovem quando viver a minha vida era
tudo que um homem podia querer fazer.) [3] Imagine all the people living for today. (Imagine
todas as pessoas vivendo apenas o dia de hoje.) [4] It was the living Nightingale perched on a
branch outside. (Era o Rouxinol verdadeiro pousado num galho l fora.) [5] An old man goes to
the Wizard to ask him if he can remove a curse he has been living with for the last 40
years. (Um velho vai at o mago perguntar se ele conseguiria tirar uma maldio com a qual ele
estava convivendo durante os ltimos 40 anos.)
{468} dear <0,016%> [1] You are like a daughter to me, my dear. (Voc como uma filha
para mim, minha querida.) [2] If we think it through we will notice that not only did the
Chinese document events from earliest antiquity, but they also expressed an orderly
respect for family tradition and rules of human conduct, notions which are very dear to
them. (Se ns considerarmos isto extensivamente ns notaremos que os chineses no apenas
documentaram eventos da antiguidade mais remota, mas eles tambm expressaram um respeito
ordenado pelas tradies familiares e regras da conduta humana, noes que so bastante caras a
eles.) [3] When you are near, close to me, dear, we touch too much. (Quando voc est aqui,
junto de mim, querida, a gente se toca demais.) [4] It was you who sang so sweetly for me this
summer Poor dear bird, you made me happy And now, you are so cold! (Era voc que
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11
cantava to docemente para mim neste vero... Pobre querido pssaro, voc me fez feliz... E agora,
voc est to frio!) [5] That car is very dear, Id like something cheaper. (Aquele carro muito
caro, eu queria alguma coisa mais barata.)
{469} possible <0,016%> [1] A manager makes the impossible possible. (Um gerente faz o
impossvel possvel.) [2] A possible answer to your question would be yes. (Uma possvel
resposta para sua pergunta seria sim.) [3] Some people run from a possible fight, some
people figure they can never win. (Algumas pessoas correm de uma possvel luta, algumas
pessoas imaginam que elas nunca podem ganhar.) [4] Is it possible? ( possivel?) [5] One night
a police officer was staking out a particularly rowdy bar for possible violators of the
laws. (Uma noite um policial estava vigiando um bar bastante barulhento com possveis
violadores da lei.)
{470} field <0,016%> [1] On the lower slopes of the mountain I saw little fields of
barley and rye. (Na parte mais baixa dos montes eu via pequenas plantaes de cevada e de
centeio.) [2] There isnt a single field in a humans life where we cannot find the
presence of some time frame. (No h um nico campo na vida de um homem onde
ns no possamos encontrar a presena de alguma estrutura temporal.) [3] We
walked on frosted fields of juniper and lamplight. (Ns caminhamos em campos
congelados de junpero e lamparina.) [4] I have employed four of the best spinners in the
field to work on your trusseau. (Eu contratei quatro das melhores fiandeiras no campo para
fazer seu vestido de casamento.) [5] And early the following morning, a lone RAF plane
crossed the Channel, came in low, and dropped a large wooden bomb. (E cedo na
manh seguinte, um avio da RAF sozinho atravessou o Canal da Mancha, veio baixinho e
largou uma enorme bomba de madeira.)
{471} remain <0,016%> [1] It was thanks to this officer that not only the forest but also the
happiness of the man was protected. He delegated three rangers to the task, and so terrorized
them that they remained proof against all the bottles of wine the charcoal-burners could
offer. (Foi graas a esse meu amigo que no apenas a floresta como tambm a felicidade de Elzard
Bouffier foram protegidas. Designou trs guardas-florestais para essa proteo e assustou-os tanto que eles
permaneceram insensveis s propinas que os lenhadores porventura oferecessem.) [2] Judeo-Christian
perception of time was linear, this perception remains until the present day. (A percepo de
tempo judaico-crist era linear, esta percepo permanece at hoje.) [3] Love remained a drug that's
the high and not the pill. (O amor ficou como uma droga que o ponto alto e no o comprimido.) [4]
Thumbelina remained silent, for she loved birds. (Thumbelina ficou quieta, pois ela amava os
pssaros.) [5] Those who had set written goals for themselves were found to be healthier,
happier and wealthier than the remaining 75%. (Aqueles que colocaram objetivos para si prprios
estavam mais saudveis, felizes e mais ricos que os 75% restantes.)
{472} strange <0,016%> [1] The Little Prince thought that grown ups are so strange! (O
Pequeno Prncipe pensou, estes adultos so to estranhos!) [2] The sun at noon is the sun
declining; the creature born is the creature dying. This may sound strange to a Western
mind. (O sol no meio dia o sol declinando, a criatura nascida a criatura morrendo. Isto pode
soar estranho para uma mente ocidental.) [3] And every strangers face I see reminds me that
I long to be homeward bound. (E cada rosto estranho que eu vejo me lembra que eu desejo estar
a caminho de casa.) [4] The strange rabbit stopped dancing and came up close. (O estranho
coelho parou de danar, e chegou bem perto.) [5] A few minutes after they finish, his wife
shudders a little, sighs deeply and heavily, and a strange look comes over her. (Alguns
minutos depois que terminam, sua esposa treme um pouco, suspira profundamente e pesadamente, e
comea a mostrar um olhar estranho.)
{473} wish <0,016%> [1] Well, then stay, stay the winter, if you wish. (Bom, ento fique, fique
durante o inverno, se voc quiser.) [2] The wishes of Western men are based upon this linear
concept of time. (Os desejos do homem ocidental esto baseados nesta concepo linear do tempo.)
[3] There is only one wish on my mind, when this day is through I hope that I will find
him. (Tem apenas um desejo em minha mente, quando este dia terminar espero que o acharei.) [4]

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12
He wished that he could become it without these uncomfortable things happening to
him. (Ele desejava que pudesse se transformar em Real sem que estas coisas desconfortveis
acontecessem com ele.) [5] I wish a robot would get elected president. (E queria que um rob
fosse eleito presidente.)
{474} single <0,016%> [1] Even a whole herd of elephants couldnt finish off a single
baobab. (Nem mesmo uma manada inteira de elefantes poderiam acabar com um nico baob.) [2]
I have the advantages you mention, but when I hear even the bark of a single dog I feel
ready to faint, and fly away as fast as I can. (Eu tenho as vantagens que voc mencionou, mas
quando eu ouo at mesmo.o latido de um nico cachorro, eu me sinto a ponto de desmaiar, e voar
para longe o mais rpido possvel.) [3] Every single day, every word you say, every game you
play, every night you stay Ill be watching you. (Cada dia, cada palavra que voc disser, cada
jogo que voc jogar, cada noite que voc ficar eu estarei observando voc.) [4] Suppose I happen to
know a unique flower, one that exists nowhere in the world except on my planet One that a little
sheep can wipe out in a single bite one morning (Suponha que eu conhea uma flor rara, uma que
no existe em outro lugar exceto no meu planeta... Uma que uma pequena ovelha pode acabar com
ela numa nica mordida pela manh ...) [5] A tired traveller pulls into a hotel around
midnight. Very tired after a long day's trip he asks the clerk for a single room. (Um
viajante cansado entra num hotel por volta da meia-noite. Estando muito cansado depois de um
longo dia de viagem ele pediu para o recepcionista um quarto individual.)
{475} command <0,016%> [1] Id like to see a sunset Do me a favor, Your Majesty,
command the Sun to set. (Eu gostaria de ver um por do sol... Faa-me um favor, Sua
Majestade, ordene que o Sol se ponha.) [2] This simple linearity commanded much of
Western thought, custom, and philosophical egotism. (Esta simples linearidade ordenou
muito do pensamento, costume e egotismo filosfico ocidental.) [3] There was a man, a lonely
man, who would command the hand he's playing. (Era um homem, um homem solitrio,
que comandaria a mo que est jogando.) [4] I command you to yawn Come on, yawn, again.
It is an order! (Eu ordeno que boceje... Vamos, boceje, de novo. uma ordem!) [5] He might
command me, for instance, ahm to leave before this minute is up. (Ele poderia me
ordenar, por exemplo, ahm... partir antes deste minuto acabar.)
{476} need <0,016%> [1] To work efficiently, they need a common standard. (Para
trabalhar eficientemente, eles precisam de um padro em comum.) [2] Time, it was thought,
needed to begin with some significant event. (O tempo, pensava-se, precisava comear
com algum evento significativo.) [3] I need someone to comfort me. (Preciso de algum para
me confortar.) [4] You need only sing when you feel like singing and I shall smash the
artificial bird into a thousand pieces! (Voc s precisa cantar quando tiver vontade de
cantar e eu quebrarei o pssaro artificial em mil pedaos!) [5] The rule with the US Air
employee vouchers is that if a paying customer needs your seat, you have to
surrender it. (A regra com os vales dos empregados da U.S.Air se um cliente pagante precisar
sentar, voc tem que ceder.)
{477} rise/rose/risen <0,016%> [1] Ahead of them they saw a slight rise in the ground.
(Na sua frente, viram uma pequena subida no terreno.) [2] They also expressed an orderly
respect for family tradition and rules of human conduct, notions which are very dear
to them, qualities that appear to have risen from a philosophy embodying respect for
time cycles of considerable magnitude. (Eles tambm expressaram um respeito organizado
pelas tradies familiares e regras da conduta humana, noes que so bastante caras a eles,
qualidades que parecem ter surgido com uma filosofia que incorporava o respeito a ciclos de
tempo de magnitude considervel.) [3] So I looked at the scenery, she read her magazine,
and the moon rose over an open field. (Ento olhei a paisagem, ela lia sua revista, e a Lua
se ergueu sobre um campo aberto.) [4] She held the little Rabbit close in her arms and
flew with him into the wood. It was light now, for the moon had risen. (Ela segurou o
Coelhinho apertado em seus braos e voou com ele para dentro do bosque. Estava claro agora,
porque a lua tinha nascido.) [5] He rose to the occasion with aplomb.(Ele se mostrou
altura da ocasio com classe.)
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www.idph.com.br/inglesonline

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{478} past <0,016%> [1] Im past caring anymore. (No estou me preocupando mais.) [2] In
cycle-oriented Taoism time was divided into seasons and eras, considered part of an
infinite chain of duration past, present, and future. (No taosmo orientado por ciclos o
tempo era dividido em estaes e eras, considerado parte de uma cadeia de durao infinita
passado, presente e futuro.) [3] In these past few days when I've seen myself I seem like
someone else. (Nestes dias que passaram quando eu me vi, eu pareo como outra
pessoa.) [4] Just then there was a sound of footsteps, and the Boy ran past near them,
and with a stamp of feet and a flash of white tails the two strange rabbits
disappeared. (Naquele instante houve o som de passos, e o Menino os passou correndo perto
deles, e com um estampido de ps e um lampejo de rabos brancos os dois estranhos coelhos
sumiram) [5] If you should travel to Africa some day in the desert, I beg you not to
hurry past, wait, wait a little, just under the star. (Se voc por acaso viajar para frica
algum dia pelo deserto, eu te imploro no passe apressadamente, espere, espere um pouco, bem
embaixo da estrela.)
{479} effect <0,015%> [1] The world usage of English will have disastrous effects on
the culture of non-English speaking countries. (O uso mundial do ingls ter efeitos
desastrosos na cultura de pases no ingleses.) [2] It encouraged a self-centered concept of
our place in the universe, our hustling individuality, and our philosophies of cause
and effect. (Ela encorajou uma concepo auto-centrada do nosso lugar no universo, nossa
individualidade apressada e nossas filosofias de causa e efeito.) [3] In effect, he has escaped.
(Na realidade, ele escapou.) [4] On Christmas morning, when he sat wedged in the top
of the Boy's stocking, with a sprig of holly between his paws, the effect was charming.
(Na manh do Natal, quando ele estava sentado apertado no alto da meia do menino, com um
galinho de erva entre suas patas, o efeito era charmoso.) [5] The World Health Organization
sprayed large amounts of DDT to kill the mosquitoes which carried the malaria. But
there were side effects. (A Organizao da Sade Mundial lanou uma quantidade de DDT
para matar os mosquitos que carregam a malria. Mas isso teve efeitos colaterais.)
{480} sleep/slept/slept <0,011%> [1] One evening, when the Boy was going to bed, he
couldn't find the china dog that always slept with him. (Uma noite, quando o Menino
estava indo para a cama, ele no conseguia encontrar o cachorro de porcelana, que sempre
dormia com ele.) [2] The pace an individual keeps in work and recreation, his subjective
sense of duration, his sleeping cycles, and what he thinks up and is possible to
accomplish within any specific interval, are aspects of time that may be influenced by
culture. (O compasso que um indivduo mantm no trabalho e na recreao, sua sensao de
durao, seus ciclos de sono, e o que ele imagina e possvel realizar dentro de um intervalo
especfico so aspectos do tempo que podem ser influenciados pela cultura.) [3] I wanna wake
up in that city that doesnt sleep and find Im king of the hill. (Eu quero acordar nessa
cidade que no dorme e descobrir que eu sou o rei da colina.) [4] That night the Boy slept in a
different bedroom, and he had a new bunny to sleep with him. (Naquela noite o Menino
dormiu num quarto diferente, e ele tinha um coelho novo para dormir com ele.) [5] I slept with
your best friend Phil. I'm so terribly sorry. (Eu dormi com seu melhor amigo Phil. Eu sinto
muito.)
Freqncia acumulada desta lio: 0,27%

Freqncia acumulada at esta lio: 68,94%

32 Lio
Instituto de Desenvolvimento do Potencial Humano
www.idph.com.br/inglesonline

14

3.

EXPRESSES IDIOMTICAS (PHRASAL VERBS)

to find out descobrir; obter informao.

Ex: The teacher was very angry when he found out that
the students had been cheating.
O professor ficou muito bravo quando ele descobriu que
os estudantes estiveram colando.

to divide into dividir em segmentos, partes.

Ex: The peoples of Africa are divided into many
different tribes and cultures.
Os povos da frica so divididos em muitas tribos e

culturas diferentes.

4.

to spell out enumerar, expor em detalhes.

Ex: The man who applied for the job had to spell out why he wanted to work for that company.
O homem que se candidatou para o emprego teve que expor em detalhes porque ele queria
trabalhar para aquela companhia.

to think through considerar extensivamente; refletir na ntegra sobre (um problema, etc.);
Ex: What conclusion can one make after thinking through the latest events?
Que concluses algum pode tirar aps refletir sobre os ltimos acontecimentos?

to think up criar; inventar; conceber; imaginar.

Ex: You can earn a lot of money thinking up new ways of improving production in the factory.
Voc pode ganhar muito dinheiro inventando novas maneiras de melhorar a produo na fbrica.

GRAMTICA (GRAMMAR)
1) Bsico: unidades 99 e 100 do livro Essential Grammar in Use
2) Intermedirio: unidades 117, 118 e 119 do livro English Grammar in Use
3) Avanado: unidades 111 e 112 do livro Advanced Grammar in Use

5.

TEXTOS (TEXTS)
CULTURAL CONCEPTS OF TIME Part 1
Conceitos Culturais de Tempo Parte 1
The pace an individual keeps in work and recreation, his subjective sense
of duration, his sleeping cycles, and what he thinks up and is possible to
accomplish within any specific interval, are aspects of time that may be
influenced by culture. Temporal attitudes pervade a culture to such an
extent that they are almost invisible, yet they are probably more
influential than we imagine. There isnt a single field in a humans life
where we cannot find the presence of some time frame.

O compasso que um indivduo mantm no trabalho e na recreao,

sua sensao de durao, seus ciclos de sono, e o que ele imagina e
possvel realizar dentro de um intervalo especfico so aspectos
do tempo que podem ser influenciados pela cultura. Atitudes temporais permeiam a cultura numa
extenso tal que elas so quase invisveis, contudo elas so provavelmente mais influentes do que
ns imaginamos. No h um nico campo na vida de um homem onde ns no possamos encontrar
a presena de alguma estrutura temporal.
32 Lio
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www.idph.com.br/inglesonline

15
In subtle but powerful ways, cultural concepts of time have helped to mold the history of civilization.
Certainly the perception of time of a Roman citizen living in the ancient era was quite different from ours.

De maneiras sutis, mas poderosas, os conceitos culturais de tempo tm ajudado a moldar a histria
da civilizao. Certamente a percepo de tempo de um cidado romano vivendo na antiguidade
era muito diferente da nossa.
Time concepts may help to explain the astonishing accuracy of early Chinese histories. If we think it through we will
notice that not only did the Chinese document events from earliest antiquity, but they also expressed an orderly respect
for family tradition and rules of human conduct, notions which are very dear to them, qualities that appear to have risen
from a philosophy embodying respect for time cycles of considerable magnitude.

Os conceitos de tempo podem ajudar a explicar a impressionante exatido das primitivas histrias
chinesas. Se ns considerarmos isto extensivamente ns notaremos que os chineses no apenas
documentaram eventos da antiguidade mais remota, mas eles tambm expressaram um respeito
ordenado pelas tradies familiares e regras da conduta humana, noes que so bastante caras a
eles, qualidades que parecem ter surgido com uma filosofia que incorporava o respeito a ciclos de
tempo de magnitude considervel.
Naturalists and astronomers found out that the cycles of the sun and moon were reflected in life, and this in
turn influenced their philosophy: The sun at noon is the sun declining; the creature born is the creature
dying. This may sound strange to a Western mind. In cycle-oriented Taoism time was divided into seasons
and eras, considered part of an infinite chain of duration past, present, and future.

Naturalistas e astrnomos descobriram que os ciclos do sol e da lua eram refletidos na vida, e isto
por sua vez influenciou a filosofia deles. O sol no meio dia o sol declinando, a criatura nascida a
criatura morrendo. Isto pode soar estranho para uma mente ocidental. No taosmo orientado por
ciclos o tempo era dividido em estaes e eras, considerado parte de uma cadeia de durao infinita
passado, presente e futuro.
In the thirteenth century, the Chinese Book of Changes spelled out an estimate of phases in the evolution of
life covering about 130,000 years. At that time the Chinese were calculating astronomical periods in millions
of years. Western attitudes of that era were primitive by contrast.

No sculo treze, o Livro das Mutaes chins enumerou uma estimativa de fases na evoluo da
vida abrangendo cerca de 130.000 anos. Naquela poca os chineses estavam calculando perodos
astronmicos em milhes de anos. As atitudes ocidentais daquela poca eram primitivas fazendose um contraste.
Judeo-Christian perception of time was linear, this perception remains until the present day. The flow of
time was believed to begin with some specific point in space-time. In seventeenth-century Europe, people
piously believed in Bishop Ushers calculation of the date of the Creation of the Universe October 6,4004
BC. Time, it was thought, needed to begin with some significant event.

A percepo de tempo judaico-crist era linear, esta percepo permanece at hoje. Acreditava-se que o
fluxo do tempo comeava com algum ponto especfico no espao-tempo. Na Europa do sculo
dezessete, as pessoas acreditavam piamente no clculo da data da Criao do Universo do Bispo Usher
6 de outubro de 4004 AC. O tempo, pensava-se, precisava comear com algum evento significativo.
The wishes of Western men are based upon this linear concept of time. This simple linearity commanded
much of Western thought, custom, and philosophical egotism. It encouraged a self-centered concept of our
place in the universe, our hustling individuality, and our philosophies of cause and effect. These notions have
been instrumental in the development of Western science.

Os desejos do homem ocidental estavam baseados nesta concepo linear do tempo. Esta simples
linearidade ordenou muito do pensamento, costume e egotismo filosfico ocidental. Ela encorajou uma
concepo auto-centrada do nosso lugar no universo, nossa individualidade apressada e nossas
filosofias de causa e efeito. Estas noes tm sido teis no desenvolvimento da cincia ocidental.

32 Lio
Instituto de Desenvolvimento do Potencial Humano
www.idph.com.br/inglesonline

16

6.

LETRAS

DE

MSICAS (LYRICS)

6.1. New York, New York (Frank Sinatra duet with Tony Bennet) - New York, New York
Start spreading the news, youre leaving today (Tell me Frank)
Comece espalhando as notcias, voc est partindo hoje (Diga-me, Frank)
I want to be a part of it, New York, New York
Eu quero fazer parte dela, New York, New York
Your vagabond shoes, they are longing to stray
Os seus sapatos vagabundos esto desejando se perder
And step around the heart of it, New York, New York
E pisar em volta do corao dela, New York, New York
I wanna wake up in that city that doesnt sleep
Eu quero acordar nessa cidade que no dorme
And find youre king of the hill, top of the heat (hit)
E descobrir que voc o rei da colina, auge da efervescncia (sucesso)
Your small town blues, theyre melting away
A sua melancolia de cidadezinha do interior, est se esvaindo
Ill make a brand new start of it, in old New York
Eu farei disso um novo comeo na velha New York
You always make it there, you make it anywhere
Voc sempre consegue l, voc consegue em qualquer lugar
Its up to you, New York, New York
S depende de voc, New York, New York
New York, New York
New York, New York
I wanna wake up in that city that doesnt sleep and find Im king of the hill
Eu quero acordar nessa cidade que no dorme e descobrir que eu sou o rei da colina
Top of the list, a number one, king of the hill
Topo da lista, o Nmero Um, rei da colina
Your little town blues are melting away
Esta sua melancolia de cidadezinha do interior est se esvaindo
And Im gonna make a brand new start of it in old New York
Eu vou fazer disso um novo comeo na velha New York
You always make it there, you make it anywhere
Voc sempre consegue l, voc consegue em qualquer lugar
Come on, come through, New York, New York
Venha, tenha sucesso, New York, New York

32 Lio
Instituto de Desenvolvimento do Potencial Humano
www.idph.com.br/inglesonline

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Avaliaes
Capacidade de identificar os sons de lngua inglesa (estime em %):
Compreenso do texto/assunto da msica a partir da escuta (estime em %):
Compreenso da msica levando-se em conta a letra escrita (estime em %):
Quantidade total de palavras dessa msica:
Quantde. de palavras diferentes dessa msica:
Palavras mais freqentes:

___________
___________
___________

179
72
New; York; of; it; the; make; you;
that; in; I; and; a; your; up

6.2. An Innocent Man (Billy Joel) - Um Homem Inocente

Some people stay far away from the door if there's a chance of it opening up
Algumas pessoas ficam longe da porta se existe uma chance de que ela se abra
They hear a voice in the hall outside and hope that it just passes by
Elas ouvem uma voz l fora no hall e desejam que ela apenas passe ao largo
Some people live with the fear of a touch and the anger of having been a fool
Algumas pessoas vivem com o medo de um toque e a raiva de terem sido tolas
They will not listen to anyone, so nobody tells them a lie
Elas no escutaro ningum, portanto ningum lhes contar uma mentira
I know you're only protecting yourself, I know you're thinking of somebody else
Eu sei que voc est apenas se protegendo, eu sei que voc est pensando em outro algum
Someone who hurt you, but I'm not above
Algum que magoou voc, mas eu no estou acima
Making up for the love, you've been denying you could ever feel
De compensa-la pelo amor, que voc vem negando que algum dia poderia sentir
I'm not above doing anything to restore your faith if I can
Eu no estou acima de fazer qualquer coisa para restaurar a sua f se eu puder
Some people see through the eyes of the old before they ever get a look at the young
Algumas pessoas enxergam atravs dos olhos do velho antes de jamais darem uma olhada no novo
I'm only willing to hear you cry because I am an innocent man
Eu apenas estou disposto a ouvir voc chorar porque eu sou um homem inocente
I am an innocent man, oh yes I am
Eu sou um homem inocente, oh sim, eu sou
Some people say they will never believe another promise they hear in the dark
Algumas pessoas dizem que nunca acreditaro em outra promessa que elas ouvirem no escuro
Because they only remember too well they heard somebody tell them before
Porque elas somente se lembram bem demais que elas ouviram algum lhes dizer antes
Some people sleep all alone every night instead of taking a lover to bed
Algumas pessoas dormem completamente sozinhas toda noite ao invs de levar um amante para cama
Some people find that it's easier to hate than to wait anymore
Algumas pessoas acham mais fcil odiar do que esperar mais
I know you don't want to hear what I say, I know you're gonna keep turning away
Eu sei que voc no quer escutar o que eu digo, Eu sei que voc vai continuar recusando
But I've been there and if I can survive, I can keep you alive
Mas eu tenho estado l e se eu conseguir sobreviver, eu posso manter voc viva

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Instituto de Desenvolvimento do Potencial Humano
www.idph.com.br/inglesonline

18
I'm not above going through it again, Im not above being cool for a while
Eu no estou acima de passar por isto de novo, eu no estou acima de me manter calmo por um tempo
If you're cruel to me I'll understand
Se voc for cruel comigo eu entenderei
Some people run from a possible fight, some people figure they can never win
Algumas pessoas correm de uma possvel luta, algumas pessoas imaginam que elas nunca podem ganhar
And although this is a fight I can lose, the accused is an innocent man
E embora esta seja uma luta que eu posso perder, o acusado um homem inocente
I am an innocent man, oh yes I am an innocent man
Eu sou um homem inocente, oh sim, eu sou um homem inocente
You know you only hurt yourself out of spite,
Voc sabe que voc apenas magoa a si mesma de propsito,
I guess you'd rather be a martyr tonight
Eu acho que voc preferiria ser uma mrtir esta noite
That's your decision but I'm not below
Esta a sua deciso, mas eu no sou inferior a
Anybody I know, if there's a chance of resurrecting a love
Qualquer pessoa que eu conhea, se existir uma chance de ressuscitar um amor
I'm not above going back to the start to find out where the heartache began
Eu no estou acima de voltar ao incio para descobrir onde a mgoa comeou
Some people hope for a miracle cure, some people just accept the world as it is
Algumas pessoas anseiam por uma cura milagrosa, algumas pessoas apenas aceitam o mundo como ele
But I'm not willing to lay down and die because I am an innocent man
Mas, eu no estou disposto a me deitar e morrer porque eu sou um homem inocente
I am an innocent man, oh yes I am an innocent man
Eu sou um homem inocente, oh sim, eu sou um homem inocente
Avaliaes
Capacidade de identificar os sons de lngua inglesa (estime em %):
Compreenso do texto/assunto da msica a partir da escuta (estime em %):
Compreenso da msica levando-se em conta a letra escrita (estime em %):
Quantidade total de palavras dessa msica:
Quantde. de palavras diferentes dessa msica:
Palavras mais freqentes:

___________
___________
___________

387
176
I; a; the; to; some; people; man;
innocent; an; they; of; not; am

6.3. Jesus Christ Superstar

Gethsemane I Only Want to Say
Gethsemane - Eu Apenas Quero Dizer
In the garden at Gethsemane
No jardim de Gethsemane
Jesus
I only want to say if there is a way
Eu apenas quero dizer (que) se existir uma sada
Take this cup away from me
Afaste este clice de mim
32 Lio
Instituto de Desenvolvimento do Potencial Humano
www.idph.com.br/inglesonline

19
For I don't want to taste its poison
Porque eu no quero saborear seu veneno
Feel it burn me,
Sentir isso me queimando (queimar-me)
I have changed I'm not as sure
Eu mudei (e) eu no tenho tanta certeza
As when we started, then I was inspired
Como quando comeamos, naquele tempo eu estava inspirado
Now I'm sad and tired
Agora estou triste e cansado
Listen surely I've exceeded, expectations
Oua com certeza eu excedi (exagerei), expectativas
Tried for three years, seems like thirty
Tentei por trs anos, parecem como trinta (anos)
Could you ask as much from any other man?
Voc poderia pedir tanto de outro homem?
But if I die, see the saga through
Mas se eu morrer, vejo o destino (saga) se cumprir
And do the things you ask of me
E fizer as coisas que voc me pede
Let them hate me, hit me, hurt me
Deixe-os me odiar, me bater, me machucar
Nail me to their tree
Pregar-me em sua rvore (cruz)
I'd wanna know, I'd wanna know my God
Eu queria saber, eu queria saber meu Deus
I'd wanna see, I'd wanna see my God
Eu queria ver, eu queria ver meu Deus

7.

HISTRIAS (STORIES)

7.1. The Velveteen Rabbit

He even began to lose his shape, and he scarcely looked like a rabbit any
more, except to the Boy. To him he was always beautiful, and that was all
that the little Rabbit cared about. He didn't mind how he looked to other
people, because the nursery magic had made him Real, and when you are
Real, shabbiness doesn't matter. And then, one day, the Boy was ill.
Ele at comeou a perder o seu formato, e ele quase no parecia mais um
coelho, exceto para o Menino. Para ele, ele era sempre bonito, e isso era
tudo com que o Coelhinho se preocupava. Ele no se importava com sua
aparncia (como ele se parecia) para outras pessoas, porque a mgica do
quarto das crianas o tinha tornado Real, e quando voc Real, o desgaste
(ser surrado) no importa. E ento, um dia, o Menino ficou (estava) doente.

32 Lio
Instituto de Desenvolvimento do Potencial Humano
www.idph.com.br/inglesonline

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7.2. The Emperor and the Nightingale

An artificial nightingale that was supposed to be a copy of the real one. Only it
was incrusted with diamonds, rubies and sapphires. When you wound it up, it
sang one of the real nightingale songs and its tail moved up and down and
glittered with silver and gold.

Um Rouxinol artificial que supostamente seria uma cpia do verdadeiro. S

que era incrustado com diamantes, rubis e safiras. Quando se dava corda, ele
cantava uma das canes do Rouxinol verdadeiro e a sua cauda balanava para
cima e para baixo e brilhava com prata e ouro.

7.3. Thumbelina
With that, the swallow took off and flew straight up into the bright sunshine.
Far below, Thumbelina watched through her tears as her truest friend grew
smaller and smaller, and disappeared into the forest.
E assim (Com isso), a andorinha alou vo (decolou) e voou em direo aos
raios brilhantes do sol. Bem abaixo, Thumbelina olhava enquanto caiam
(atravs de) suas lgrimas, enquanto seu amigo mais verdadeiro ficava cada vez
menor, e desaparecia na floresta (sumia dentro do mato).

8.

HISTRIAS, FRASES E ANEDOTAS (STORIES, QUOTES

AND

JOKES)

Essay on Youth and Age

Young men are fitter to invent than to judge; fitter for execution than for counsel; and fitter for new
projects than for settled business.
For the experience of age, in things that fall within the compass of it directed them; but in new
things, abused them.
The errors of young men are the ruin of business; but the errors of aged men amount but to this,
that more might have been done, or sooner.
Young men, in the conduct and management of actions, embrace more than they can hold; stir
more than they can quiet; fly to the end, without consideration of the means and degrees; pursue
some few principles which they have chanced upon absurdly; care not how they innovate, which
draws unknown inconveniences; and, that which doubled all errors, will not acknowledge or retract
them; like an unready horse, that will neither stop nor turn.
Men of age object too much, consult too long, adventure too little, repent too soon, and seldom
drive business home to the full period but content themselves with a mediocrity of success.
Certainly, it is good to compound employments of both... because the virtues of either age may
correct the defects of both Francis Bacon: Essay on Youth and Age.
Vocabulary Help
fitter: mais adequados a
counsel: aconselhar
business: negcio
embrace: abraar
stir: agitar
means: meios
care: importar-se

judge: julgar
settled: estabelecido, consolidado
fall: cair
hold: segurar
fly: voar
pursue: perseguir
draws: atrair

32 Lio
Instituto de Desenvolvimento do Potencial Humano
www.idph.com.br/inglesonline

21
Can't fly if you're Gay
An employee of US Air with the last name of Gay boarded a US Air flight with a free travel voucher.
Soon after he sat down, someone else came and claimed he had the same seat assignment, so Mr.
Gay moved down to an empty seat.
Soon after that the airplane began to fill up. The rule with the US Air employee vouchers is that if a
paying customer needs your seat, you have to surrender it. So when the flight became completely
full and still more needed to get on, a flight attendant went to the original seat of Mr. Gay and said
to the man now sitting there: Excuse me, are you Gay?
The man, somewhat stunned, said: Well, yes, as a matter of fact I am!
The flight attendant said: I'm sorry, but you'll have to get off the plane.
At this point Mr. Gay, who had been watching all of this, jumped up and said: Excuse me, you've
made a mistake I'm Gay!
Finally, another man jumped up and said: Well, hell, I'm gay too! They can't throw us all off!
Vocabulary Help
board: embarcar
free travel voucher: bilhete de viagem gratuito
surrender: dar o lugar
get off: sair

flight: vo
fill up: encher
as a matter of fact: de fato
thrown us all off: fazer-nos sair a todos

With Friends Like That ..

Two men were walking down a path in the woods. It was nearing nightfall and they were tired from
their long hike. They were headed back to their starting place when one of them noticed behind
them a huge black bear running VERY fast toward them.
One of the men dropped to the ground and was fumbling with his blue duffel bag.
The other man said: What in the hell are you doing? There's a huge black bear running toward us!
The man on the ground replied: I'm putting on my running shoes!
You're putting on running shoes!? Do you expect to OUTRUN that bear??
The man replied: I don't have to outrun the bear. I just have to outrun you!
Vocabulary Help
path: caminho
nightfall: anoitecer
hike: caminhada
huge: enorme
fumbling: mexendo
running shoes: sapatos de corrida

woods: floresta
tired: cansado
headed back voltado
bear: urso
ground: cho
outrun: correr mais rpido

32 Lio
Instituto de Desenvolvimento do Potencial Humano
www.idph.com.br/inglesonline

22

Jewish Holiday
Adolf Hitler was very keen on the occult, so he went to a fortune teller hoping that the woman
could tell him how long he would live.
After careful charting, she said: I can't predict the exact date of your death, but I do know that you
will die on a Jewish holiday
And which holiday will this be?, he asked.
It does not matter she replied.
Any day that you die will be a Jewish Holiday.
Vocabulary Help
keen: adepto
fortune teller: pessoa que prev a sorte
die: morrer
it does not matter: no importa

go (go, went, gone): ir

death: morte
Jewish holiday: feriado judeu

Drinking and Driving

One night a police officer was staking out a particularly rowdy bar for possible violators of the
drinking under the influence laws
At closing time, he saw a fellow stumble out of the bar, trip on the curb and try his keys into 5
different cars before he got in his own. Then he sat in the front seat of his car fumbling around with
his keys for several minutes.
Everyone else had left the bar. The police officer was just sitting and waiting for him, so excited to
be stopping this drunk! He stopped the driver and read him his rights and administered the
breatholizer test. The results showed a reading of 0.00. The puzzled officer demanded to know how
this could be. He even offered medical assistance if he was ill. The driver just smiled at him and
said that all was fine. He went on to say: I must confess I was just the designated decoy for the
evening!
Vocabulary Help
stake: observar
curb: meio-fio
keys: chaves (do carro)
drunk: bbado
puzzled: surpreso
demand: exigir
smile: sorrir

rowdy: barulhento, ruidoso

fumble: mexer, tatear, apalpar
leave (leave, left, left): sair
breatholizer test: teste do bafmetro
ill: doente
decoy: isca

32 Lio
Instituto de Desenvolvimento do Potencial Humano
www.idph.com.br/inglesonline