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Fontes

Fontes

Fontes
Em uma caixa dagua, consumindo dentro de
certa faixa, temos o nvel da gua constante.
Como obter isso?
Resposta: Elemento de controle
Boia

Fontes
Fonte de Tenso

Fonte de corrente

Tenso permanece
constante

Corrente permanece
constante

Estagios de uma Fonte de Tenso

FIGURE 18-1

Robert L. Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky


Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory, 8e

Block diagram showing parts of a power supply.

Copyright 2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.


Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.

Tenso de sada filtrada.


Tenso CC e Ripple.

FIGURE 18-2

Robert L. Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky


Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory, 8e

Filter voltage waveform showing dc and ripple voltages.

Copyright 2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.


Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.

Ondulao

r=

valor eficaz (rms)do componente ca do sinal


valor mdio do sinal

OBS: Tenso de ondulao somente


a componente ac da tenso, ou seja, o
que se obtem da forma de onda aps
subtrair o valor cc.
Ento Vr(rms) o valor RMS das
componentes de tenso ac (e no da
forma de onda completa com a
componente cc).

Robert L. Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky


Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory, 8e
Copyright 2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.

Ondulao

Pobre

Robert L. Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky


Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory, 8e

Copyright 2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.


Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.

Ondulao

Melhor

Robert L. Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky


Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory, 8e

Copyright 2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.


Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.

Caso de Real de Uso

Regulao

Robert L. Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky


Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory, 8e

Copyright 2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.


Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.

Filtro a Capacitor

FIGURE 18-3

Robert L. Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky


Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory, 8e

Simple capacitor filter.

Copyright 2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.


Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.

Retificador de onda completa sem


capacitor de filtro

FIGURE 18-4a
Robert L. Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky
Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory, 8e

Capacitor filter operation: full-wave rectifier voltage.


Copyright 2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.

Retificador de onda completa sem


capacitor de filtro

Retificador de onda completa com


capacitor de filtro

FIGURE 18-4b
Robert L. Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky
Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory, 8e

Capacitor filter operation: filtered output voltage.


Copyright 2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.

Tenso de saida e corrente nos diodos


retificadores - Capacitor pequeno
Riple grande

Corrente pequena

FIGURE 18-7a
Robert L. Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky
Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory, 8e

Output voltage and diode current waveforms: small C.


Copyright 2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.

Tenso de saida e corrente nos diodos


retificadores - Capacitor Grande
Riple pequeno

Corrente grande

FIGURE 18-7b
Robert L. Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky
Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory, 8e

Output voltage and diode current waveforms: large C.


Copyright 2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.

Tenso de sada aps capacitor de filtro de onda


completa retificada.

FIGURE 18-5b

Capacitor filter: output voltage waveform.

Robert L. Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky


Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory, 8e

Copyright 2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.


Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.

Aproximao da tenso de sada aps capacitor


de filtro de onda completa retificada.

FIGURE 18-6
Robert L. Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky
Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory, 8e

Approximate output voltage of capacitor filter circuit.


Copyright 2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.

Tenso RMS

Tenso CC

Robert L. Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky


Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory, 8e

Copyright 2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.


Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.

EXEMPLO
Calculo do Valor RMS de sada de retificador
de onda completa com capacitor:

EXEMPLO:
Calculo do Valor CC de sada de retificador
de onda completa com capacitor:

Essa ripple seria permitido para


carregar uma bateria chumbo
acida em flutuao?
Ondulao = 100* 1,2/27.9 = 4.3% > 0.5% => NO OK

Resumo
Estgios de uma
fonte de tenso

Ondulao (ripple)

Regulao de tenso

(Boylestad - cap18)

Resumo
Estgios de uma
fonte de tenso

Ondulao (ripple)

Regulao de tenso

(Boylestad - cap18)

Resumo (continuao)
Filtro a capacitor
Tenso RMS

Tenso CC

Estagio de Filtro Adicional

FIGURE 18-8

Robert L. Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky


Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory, 8e

RC filter stage.

Copyright 2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.


Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.

Estagio de Filtro (adicional)

FIGURE 18-9

Robert L. Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky


Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory, 8e

Full-wave rectifier and RC filter circuit.

Copyright 2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.


Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.

FIGURE 18-10

(a) DC and (b) ac equivalent circuits of RC filter.

Robert L. Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky


Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory, 8e

Copyright 2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.


Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.

Reguladores de Tenso

Regulador Srie

FIGURE 18-12

Robert L. Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky


Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory, 8e

Series regulator block diagram.

Copyright 2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.


Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.

Circuito Regulador Srie

FIGURE 18-13

Robert L. Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky


Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory, 8e

Series regulator circuit.

Copyright 2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.


Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.

Circuito Regulador Srie

Vb = Vz => ~ constante
Vo
Vbe
I
Vo
Vo
Vbe
I
Vo

Exemplo 18.8

(Boylestad cap 18)

Calcule a tenso de sada e a corrente no zener do circuito


regulador abaixo, para RL = 1Kohm.

FIGURE 18-14
Robert L. Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky
Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory, 8e

Circuit for Example 18.8.


Copyright 2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.

Regulador tipo srie aperfeioado


FIGURE 18-15

Robert L. Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky


Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory, 8e

Improved series regulator circuit.

Copyright 2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.


Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.

EXEMPLO 18.10

Qual a tenso regulada de


sada fornecida pelo circuito da
figura com os seguitnes
elementos:
R1 = 20Kohm,
R2 = 30Kohm,
Vz = 8.3V ?

(Boylestad cap 18)

Regulador Tipo Srie om Amp-op

FIGURE 18-16

Op-amp series regulator circuit.

Amp-opcom
comrealimentao
realimentaonegativa:
negativa: VV= V

Amp-op
+ +
-

V-

Ento VR2 = Vz
Vo = (Vz / R2)(R1 + R2)

Robert L. Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky


Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory, 8e
Copyright 2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.

EXEMPLO 18.10
Calcule Vo.

FIGURE 18-17

Robert L. Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky


Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory, 8e

Circuit for Example 18.10.

Copyright 2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.


Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.

Resumo

Relembrando:
Regulador Srie
Atuador em srie

FIGURE 18-12

Robert L. Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky


Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory, 8e

Series regulator block diagram.

Copyright 2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.


Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.

Regulao de Tenso em Paralelo

Atuador
Em
paralelo

FIGURE 18-20

Robert L. Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky


Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory, 8e

Block diagram of shunt voltage regulator.

Copyright 2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.


Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.

FIGURE 18-21

Transistor shunt voltage regulator.

Robert L. Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky


Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory, 8e

Copyright 2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.


Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.

Serie x Paralelo

EXEMPLO 18.11
Determine a tenso regulada (Vo) e as correntes
(IL, IC e IS) para o circuito abaixo.

FIGURE 18-22

Robert L. Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky


Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory, 8e

Circuit for Example 18.11.

Copyright 2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.


Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.

Serie x Paralelo

EXEMPLO 18.11

Robert L. Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky


Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory, 8e

Copyright 2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.


Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.

Regulador Tipo Paralelo


Aperfeioado

Robert L. Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky


Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory, 8e

FIGURE 18-23

Improved shunt voltage regulator circuit.

Copyright 2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.


Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.

Regulador de Tenso Tipo Paralelo Utilizando


Amp-op

FIGURE 18-24

Robert L. Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky


Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory, 8e

Shunt voltage regulator using op-amp.

Copyright 2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.


Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.

Regulador de Tenso Utilizando Amp-op


Srie X Paralelo

CIs Reguladores de Tenso


Em um nico CI
Referncia;
Amplificador Comparador;
Dispositivo de controle;
Proteo contra sobrecarga
Tipos
Tenso fixa
FIGURE 18-26

Connection of 7812 voltage regulator.

Tenso ajustavel
De mW a dezenas de Watts.

Robert L. Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky


Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory, 8e

Regulador de Tenso de Trs Terminais

FIGURE 18-27

Entrada:
- Faixa de Tenso de
operao

+ 12 V power supply.

Sada:
- Faixa de corrente de
operao
- Regulao de linha
- Regulao de carga

FIGURE 18-28

Specification sheet data for voltage regulator Ics.

Robert L. Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky


Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory, 8e

Copyright 2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.


Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.

Fonte Completa
Exerccio:
Desenhe uma fonte de tenso utilizando um retificador em ponte de onda
completa, um filtro a capacitor e um CI regulador para uma sada de 5V.

FIGURE 18-29
Robert L. Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky
Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory, 8e

+5-V power supply.


Copyright 2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.

Regulador de Tenso Ajustavel

FIGURE 18-30

Robert L. Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky


Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory, 8e

Connection of LM317 adjustable-voltage regulator.

Copyright 2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.


Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.

LM317

Tenso de sada regulada, ajustada entre 1,2V e 37V

Robert L. Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky


Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory, 8e

LM317

Exemplo 18.15

Determine a tenso regulada no circuito, com R1= 240ohm e R2 = 2.4Kohm

FIGURE 18-31

Positive adjustable-voltage regulator for Example 18.16.

D1 protege contra curto na entrada


D2 protege contra curto na sada.

Robert L. Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky


Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory, 8e

Copyright 2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.


Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.

FIGURE 18-37b

Battery charger circuits. (Continued)

Robert L. Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky


Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory, 8e

Copyright 2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.


Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.

Regulador Srie com limitador de


corrente

FIGURE 18-19

Robert L. Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky


Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory, 8e

Foldback-limiting series regulator circuit.

Copyright 2002 by Pearson Education, Inc.


Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
All rights reserved.

Fontes Fixas x Ajustaveis

Vz = 5V, R2 = 10Kohm
Calcule R1 para ter 10V na sada
Calcule R1 para ter 15V na sada

Fontes Fixas x Ajustveis

Fonte Simtrica

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