Anurio Brasileiro da

Fruticultura Brazilian Fruit Yearbook

2016
ISSN 1808-4931

99771808493145
 A gente sustenta
a sua lavoura.
E, voc, o
desenvolvimento
do Brasil.

I DA DE
QUAL ADA
P ROV
CO M

Para cultivo de frutas, conte com a Belgo e sua linha completa

para estruturas de sustentao latada ou espaldeira.

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1
Inor Ag. Assmann
 Expediente PUBLISHERS AND EDITORS
EDITORA GAZETA SANTA CRUZ LTDA.
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Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 1.224,
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Ficha catalogrfica
Anurio Brasileiro de Fruticultura 2016
Gestor de Contedo: Igor Mller; editor: Romar Rudolfo Beling;
textos: Michelle Treichel, Benno Bernardo Kist, Cleiton Evandro dos Santos,
Cleonice de Carvalho e Romar Rudolfo Beling; superviso: Romeu Inacio
Neumann; traduo: Guido Jungblut; fotografia: Slvio vila, Inor Assmann
(Agncia Assmann) e divulgao de empresas e entidades; projeto grfico e
diagramao: Mrcio Oliveira Machado; arte de capa: Mrcio Oliveira Machado,
sobre fotografia de Slvio vila; edio de fotografia e arte-final: Mrcio Oliveira
Machado; catalogao/tabelas: Sadraque Lenz Veiga; marketing: Ana Paula
Knak; superviso grfica: Mrcio Oliveira Machado; distribuio: Simone de
Moraes; impresso: Grfica Coan, Tubaro (SC).
ISSN 1808-4931
permitida a reproduo de informaes desta revista, desde que citada a fonte.
Reproduction of any part of this magazine is allowed, provided the source is cited.

A636
Anurio brasileiro da fruticultura 2016 / Michelle Treichel ... [et al.].
Santa Cruz do Sul : Editora Gazeta Santa Cruz, 2016.
88 p. : il.

ISSN 1808-4931

1. Frutas Cultivo Brasil. I. Treichel, Michelle.

CDD : 634.0981
CDU : 634.1(81)

Catalogao: Edi Focking CRB-10/1197

2
 Inor Ag. Assmann
Sumrio summary
04 Apresentao Introduction
08 Panorama Panorama
34 As Principais Main Fruit
78 Pesquisa Profile
82 Painel Panel
84 Eventos Events
3
 Terras do
Centenas de espcies de frutas, espalhadas em territrio com
extenso continental. Dezenas de polos, em regies de cultivo
com peculiaridades de clima, solo e vocao distintas, abastecem
o mercado nacional e ainda se inserem no concorrido comrcio
internacional. O Brasil, definitivamente, um paraso para essa
atividade. Nos trpicos e nas zonas temperadas so colhidos qua-
se todos os tipos de frutas existentes no planeta, e s isso j daria
dimenso de quanto essa terra, das micro s pequenas, mdias e
grandes propriedades, identificada com os pomares.
CENTENAS DE ESPCIES DE FRUTAS
NAS DIVERSAS REGIES DO PAS
AQUECEM A ECONOMIA
4
O Anurio Brasileiro da Fruticultura 2016, que a Editora
Gazeta apresenta, dimensiona a realidade de produo e de mer-
cados desse setor vital para a socioeconomia nacional, na gerao
de empregos e de renda em todas as regies. Afinal, nas localida-
des originadas a partir das imigraes europeias e asiticas no Sul
e no Sudeste, nas novas fronteiras incorporadas nos ltimos anos
com a migrao para as extenses a perder de vista do Centro-
-Oeste, nas propriedades do semirido nordestino ou nas reas
de floresta amaznica do Norte, as frutas fazem a delcia da vida.
 Slvio vila
sem fim
Algumas das cadeias so, por si s, a principal fonte de recei- Em 2016, sequer a recesso no Brasil tem ofuscado o desempe-
ta de regies. Basta reparar na importncia da laranja para So Pau- nho dos pomares nacionais. A exemplo do que ocorre no agroneg-
lo, das uvas de mesa, da manga e do cacau para a Bahia, das uvas vi- cio como um todo, o setor enxuga ao mximo seus custos e plane-
nferas para o Rio Grande do Sul; da ma para Santa Catarina; do ja a eficincia extrema das operaes, mas a colheita s vivel se a
melo, do caju, da banana e do abacaxi para Cear e Rio Grande do plantao cuidada. Ao mesmo tempo, setores com forte demanda
Norte; do aa para a Amaznia. No apenas a mesa da populao internacional se beneficiam do cmbio, e, assim, o que crise para
que se colore com a variedade dos alimentos. O bolso das famlias alguns oportunidade de crescimento para outros. Nas terras-do-
agradece pela receita que advm dos negcios, permitindo investi- -sem-fim desse imenso Pas crescem os frutos que permitem tornar
mentos no lar e a gerao dos tributos que viabilizam o progresso. reais os sonhos de milhares de pessoas. Boa leitura!

5
 Endless lands
H
Hundreds of fruit species, spread
across a territory with continental dimen-
sions. Tens of fruit belts, in producing re-
gions with climate and soil peculiarities
and distinct vocations, supply the nation-
al market and equally find their way into
the competitive international trade. Brazil
has definitely become a paradise for this
activity. Almost all types of fruits that ex-
ist on the planet are harvested in the trop-
ics and in the temperate zones, a fact that
alone attests to what extent this land of mi-
cro, small, medium and huge commercial
farms is identified with orchards.
The 2016 Brazilian Fruticulture Year-
book, published by Editora Gazeta depicts
the reality of the production and markets of
this vital sector for the national socioecono-
my, in the generation of jobs and income in
Slvio vila
6
all regions. After all, in the remote places in
the South and Southeast, settled by Europe-
an immigrants, in the new agricultural fron-
tiers incorporated in the past years with the
migration to endless stretches of land in the
Center-West, in the farm of the northeastern
semiarid or in the areas of the Amazon jun-
gle in the North, fruits make life delicious.
Some of the fruit belts are equally the
main source of income of the regions. With-
in this context, oranges are important for
So Paulo, table grapes, mangoes and Co-
coa for Bahia, wine grapes for Rio Grande
do Sul; apples for Santa Catarina; melon,
cashew nuts, bananas and pineapples for
Cear and Rio Grande do Norte; aa for
the Amazon region. It is not just the dining
tables of the population that are adorned
with a colorful variety of foods. The pock-
ets are thankful for the revenue that stems
from the businesses, resulting into invest-
ments in the home and the generation of
taxes that make progress viable.
In 2016, not even Brazils economic re-
cession has overshadowed the performance
of the orchards. Following on the heels of
agribusiness as a whole, the sector cuts costs
to the extent possible and plans the extreme
efficiency of the operations, but harvests are
only viable if the plantations are well cared-
for. In the meantime, sectors involved in
exports benefit from the exchange rate,
turning the crises of some sectors into op-
portunities for others to grow. This is how
it goes in the endless lands of this immense
Country, where fruits grow and make the
dreams of thousands of people come true.
Happy reading!
Hundreds
of different
fruit trees
across the
Country
stimulate the
economy
Conduo de pomar em SHD Colheita mecanizada
Inor Ag. Assmann

Panorama PANORAMA

O
Clima adverso e retrao
do consumo podem fazer
a produo atual recuar
8
Para encher
os olhos
O
Alm de ter colhido cerca de 43 milhes de
toneladas de frutas frescas em 2015, o setor produtivo
tambm emprega 27% da mo de obra agrcolA
O Brasil possui pleno potencial para aumentar
a produo atual, de cerca de 43 milhes de frutas
frescas, caso seja demandado. As espcies frutferas
somam em torno de 500 variedades, das quais 220
so s de plantas nativas na Amaznia legal. Favore-
cido pela extenso territorial, pela posio geogr-
fica, pelo solo e pelas condies climticas, o Pas
produz frutas tropicais, subtropicais e temperadas.
Atualmente, 22 fruteiras so recenseadas pelo Insti-
tuto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatstica (IBGE).
O setor fruticultor emprega 5,6 milhes de pes-
soas, ou seja, 27% da mo de obra agrcola. De acor-
do com o Instituto Brasileiro de Frutas (Ibraf ), para
cada US$ 10 mil investidos na fruticultura tecnifica-
da, so gerados, em mdia, trs empregos diretos
permanentes e dois indiretos. A atividade de ex-
trema importncia para a gerao de renda e para o
desenvolvimento rural do Pas, pois est fundamen-
tada em pequenas e mdias propriedades, destaca
Moacyr Saraiva Fernandes, presidente do Ibraf.
Os plantios cobrem 2,03 milhes de hectares,
correspondendo a 2,6% da rea total ocupada pela
agricultura brasileira. Conforme Fernandes, o valor
da produo de frutas j atingiu o patamar de R$
59,6 bilhes. Para os anos de 2015 e 2016, segundo
o presidente do Ibraf, os volumes recenseados pelo
IBGE tendem a mostrar nmeros muito prximos
ou mesmo inferiores s 42,6 milhes de toneladas
de 2014. Estamos tendo muitos problemas nas zo-
nas de produo, com estiagem per-
sistentes no Nordeste, chuvas, granizo
e outros problemas climticos no Sudeste
e no Sul, explica Fernandes.
O Ibraf e a Associao Brasileira dos Pro-
dutores e Exportadores de Frutas e Derivados
(Abrafrutas) baseiam-se nos nmeros do IBGE
para elaborarem suas estimativas de produo,
que variam um pouco devido aos critrios que
cada entidade utiliza. O instituto, por exemplo,
converte para toneladas a produo de abacaxi e
coco, que divulgada em unidades pela pesquisa
Produo Agrcola Municipal e pelo Levantamento
Sistemtico da Produo Agrcola (LSPA), do IBGE.
A produo de laranja influi muito na oferta to-
tal de frutas apurada pelo IBGE. Em mdia, a laran-
ja representa 39,7% da produo nacional de frutas.
Nos ltimos 10 anos, o seu volume vem diminuin-
do em torno de 2%, segundo o Ibraf. A maior par-
te dos cultivos de laranja destinada para a elabo-
rao de sucos, que so pouco consumidos no
Brasil, e no mercado externo a demanda vem
caindo de modo substancial. O produto tem
sofrido o impacto de certos formadores de
opinio de que muito calrico e tambm
da concorrncia de outras bebidas de frutas
adequadas segmentao dos mercados,
que ainda apresentam preos menores,
explica Fernandes.
9
 Eye-catching
performance
B
Besides harvesting about 43 million tons of fresh fruit in 2015, the
productive sector also provides for 27% of all agriculture-related jobs
Brazil has the potential to increase its cur-
rent production of about 43 million tons,
should it be necessary. There are approxi-
mately 500 species of fruit trees, of which, 220
are native species in the Amazon region. Tak-
ing advantage of the vast territorial extension,
of the geographical location, soil and climate
conditions, the Country produces tropical,
subtropical and temperate fruits. Currently, 22
fruit species are included in the census con-
ducted by the Brazilian Institute of Geography
and Statistics (IBGE).
The fruit sector employs 5.6 million peo-
ple, that is, 27% of all agricultural workers. Ac-
cording to the Brazilian Fruit Institute (Ibraf ),
US$ 10 thousand invested in technology-ori-
Slvio vila
Unfavorable climate and drop in consumption could
adversely affect the current production volumes
10
ented fruit growing generate three direct, per-
manent jobs and two indirect ones, on aver-
age. The activity is extremely important for
the generation of income and for rural devel-
opment throughout the Country, as it is based
on small and medium-scale farms , says Ibraf
president Moacyr Saraiva Fernandes.
The area devoted to fruit trees reaches 2.03
million hectares, corresponding to 2.6% of the
total area occupied by agriculture in Brazil. Ac-
cording to Fernandes, revenue generated by
the production of fruits has already amount-
ed to R$ 59.6 billion. For 2015 and 2016, says
Ibraf president, the volumes included in IB-
GEs census tend to show figures close to, or
even inferior to the 42.6 million tons in 2014.
We are facing lots of problems in the produc-
tion zones, such as persistent drought condi-
tions in the Northeast, excessive rainfall, hail-
storms and other climate adversities in the
Southeast and South, explains Fernandes.
The Ibraf and the Brazilian Fruit Producers-
Exporters Association (Abrafrutas) rely on the
numbers released by the IBGE for their pro-
duction estimates, which vary slightly due to
the criteria utilized by each entity. The insti-
tute, for example, converts into tons the pro-
duction of pineapples and coconuts, whilst
the Municipal Agricultural Production re-
search team and IBGEs Systematic Survey
of Agricultural Production (LSPA) refer to the
production volumes in units.
The production of oranges exerts a big influ-
ence on the total supply of fruits ascertained by
IBGE officials. On average, oranges account for
39.7% of the entire national fruit crop. Over the
past 10 years, the volume of oranges has been
falling about 2% per growing season, accord-
ing to Ibraf sources. Oranges are mostly grown
for juices, not much consumed in Brazil, and
in the foreign scenario demand has been de-
clining substantially. The product has been
affected by the impact of some opinion mak-
ers that classify it as caloric, while heavy com-
petition comes from other fruit-based beverag-
es, in line with market segmentation, at lower
prices, Fernandes explains.
 Tem

Slvio vila
de tudo
Com ampla oferta de produo oriunda

A
de diferentes tipos de cultivo, o setor
no Brasil ainda tem dificuldades para
apurar as formas de consumo
As estatsticas oficiais no apontam o destino da produo brasilei-
ra de frutas, apesar de considerarem os cultivos permanentes e tempo-
rrios, assim como o obtido do extrativismo de frutas nativas, como aa
e caj, entre outros. Para Moacyr Fernandes, presidente do Ibraf, a evolu-
o do consumo de frutas frescas no Pas melhor caracterizada pelos da-
dos de mercado. A demanda interna de frutas frescas, incluindo a produo
prpria e as importaes, est estimada em cerca de 18,5 milhes de toneladas
por ano, conforme as principais empresas auditoras de mercado. Nos ltimos
cinco anos, esse consumo tem evoludo entre 1,9% e 2,1%.
No entanto, na avaliao de Fernandes, a recesso econmica vai continuar
impactando de maneira negativa no consumo de frutas, pelo menos at o hori-
zonte de 2018. Teremos volume de comercializao mais modesto, com cresci-
mento a taxas mdias anuais de 1% a 1,5%, calcula. Alm disso, muitas frutas fres-
cas esto enfrentando a concorrncia de produtos processados de frutas e outros
produtos alimentcios com a mesma funo na alimentao do brasileiro. O maior
consumo de processadas no tendncia nacional, mas vem crescendo na Amri-
ca do Norte, na Europa e no Japo, entre outros ambientes. Portanto, o consumo
de sucos de frutas, nctares e polpas de frutas tem crescido na casa dos dois dgi-
tos nos ltimos cinco anos.
Ao contrrio de quase todos os pases, no Brasil no h estatsticas oficiais que
permitam estabelecer com preciso no s as perdas como a parte destinada para
o processamento industrial, assim como a produo comercializada de forma
marginal, sem documentao fiscal. No entanto, o Instituto Brasileiro de Frutas
(Ibraf ), que completa 25 anos de existncia em 2016, monitora a produo co-
mercial e seu destino h cerca de 15 anos.
O levantamento do destino aparente da produo comercializada em 2015,
feito pelo Ibraf, prev que 53% foi destinado para o mercado de frutas frescas
e 47% para o de processadas. Do total comercializado in natura, 50% foi di-
recionado para consumo interno e 3% para o internacional. Enquanto isso,
26% da parte processada seguiu para o mercado externo e 21% para o inter-
no. Portanto, fica claro que o Brasil exporta 29% da produo comercial de
frutas. O agronegcio das frutas optou pela agroindustrializao, geran-
do maior valor agregado ao longo da cadeia de valor. No se pode afirmar
que exportamos pouco, conclui Fernandes.

12
Plenty of
everything
With a vast supply of production coming

O
from a variety of cultivation types, the
sector in Brazil is still having difficulties
ascertaining forms of consumption

Official statistics do not reveal the destination of Brazils fruit crop, in

spite of considering all permanent and temporary cultivations, as well as the
amounts of fruits coming from extractivistic practices, like aa and cashew,
among others. Ibraf president Moacyr Fernandes understands that a true
picture of the evolution of fresh fruit consumption throughout the Country
comes from the market. Domestic demand for fresh fruits, including national
and imported fruits, is estimated at about 18.5 million tons a year, according
to conclusions drawn by major auditing companies. Over the past five years,
this consumption has evolved from 1.9% to 2.1%.
Nevertheless, in the evaluation of Fernandes, the economic recession is
likely to continue negatively impacting upon the consumption of fruit, at least
until 2018. We will have a more modest commercialization volume, with an-
nual growth rates ranging from 1% to 1.5%, he comments. Furthermore, lots
of fresh fruits are facing competition from processed fruits and other food
items that have the same function in the eating habits of the Brazilian people.
The ever-stronger habit of consuming processed fruits is not a national trend,
but has been rising in the United States, Europe and Japan, among other in-
ternational environments. Therefore, the consumption of fruit juices, nectars
and fruit pulps has experienced a double-digit growth over the past five years.
Contrary to most countries, in Brazil there are no official statistics that
could clearly indicate the amount of losses and the portion destined for in-
dustrial processing, as well as the proportion of marginally traded fruits, with
no fiscal documentation. However, the Brazilian Fruit Institute (Ibraf ), which
completes 25 years in 2016, has been monitoring commercial fruit produc-
tion and the destination of these fruits.
The survey of the apparent destination of the fruits traded in 2015, conduct-
ed by Ibraf, indicates that 53% were destined for the fresh fruit market and 47% for
processing. Of the total fresh fruit sales, 50% were destined for domestic consump-
tion and 3% for the international market. In the meantime, 26% of the processed
fruits were shipped abroad and 21% were for domestic consumption. This makes
it clear that Brazil exports 29% of its commercially produced fruits. Fruit agribusi-
ness has opted for agro-industrialization, generating higher added value down the
line. We cannot affirm that we export small amounts, Fernandes concludes.

13
 Pas feito de frutas

A
O Estado de So Paulo firma-se ainda mais
na condio de maior produtor de frutas do Brasil,
com 15,183 milhes de toneladas em 2014

A fruticultura est presente em todos os 26 estados bra-
sileiros e no Distrito Federal, variando em quantidade e es-
pcies mais cultivadas. O Estado de So Paulo est muito
frente das demais unidades federativas, com produo de
15,183 milhes de toneladas de frutas frescas, conforme o
dado mais recente divulgado pela pesquisa Produo Agr-
cola Municipal (PAM/2014), do Instituto Brasileiro de Geo-
grafia e Estatstica (IBGE). Grande parte da produo pau-
lista continua sendo de laranja, que respondeu por 12,290
milhes de toneladas do total estadual em 2014.
O resultado total dos estados e do Distrito Federal foi de
33,289 milhes de toneladas no referido ano. Este volume
resultou da soma de 16 frutas: abacate, banana, caqui, figo,
goiaba, laranja, limo, ma, mamo, manga, maracuj, mar- (588 mil toneladas), Cear (452 mil toneladas) e Pernam-
melo, pera, pssego, tangerina e uva. Portanto, no esto in-
cludas as produes de abacaxi, coco, melancia e melo, o
que certamente alteraria a posio de alguns estados produ-
tores. Do volume total, 11 estados produziram 31,246 mi-
lhes de toneladas e os demais 2,043 milhes de toneladas.
A segunda maior quantidade desse grupo de frutas,
F
4,058 milhes de toneladas, foi colhida na
Bahia. Nesse Estado, as mais produzidas fo-
ram banana (1,088 milho de toneladas), laranja
(1,026 milho de toneladas), mamo (795 mil tone-
ladas) e maracuj (381 mil toneladas). O Rio Grande
do Sul vem na sequncia, com 2,399 milhes de tone-
ladas, com a participao de 812 mil toneladas de uva e
690 mil toneladas de ma. Volume praticamente igual, de
2,299 milhes de toneladas, verificou-se em Minas Gerais.
As frutas predominantes foram laranja, com 940 mil tone-
ladas, e banana, com 711 mil toneladas.
Alm da Bahia, a banana aparece como a principal fru-
ta nos estados de Santa Catarina (701 toneladas), Par
buco (396 mil toneladas). Tambm obtiveram volumes
significativos de laranja os estados de Paran (979 mil
toneladas), Minas Gerais (940 mil toneladas) e Ser-
gipe (614 mil toneladas). O mamo sobressaiu-se
no Esprito Santo (400 mil toneladas) e na Bahia
(795 mil toneladas).

OS ESTADOS DAS FRUTAS Fruit states

Produo brasileira de frutas por Estado (toneladas)
Estados 2013 2014 Principais Frutas
So Paulo 15.977.390 15.183.288 ( laranja 12.290.107 )
Bahia 3.814.389 4.058.678 ( banana 1.088.647, laranja 1.026.167, mamo 794.565,
manga 430.594 e maracuj 381.192 )
Rio Grande do Sul 2.356.173 2.399.633 ( uva 812.517 e ma 690.422 )
Minas Gerais 2.304.393 2.299.823 ( laranja 940.444 e banana 711.397 )
Paran 1.648.424 1.567.181 ( laranja 979.682 )
Santa Catarina 1.383.267 1.519.070 ( banana 701.484 e ma 633.079 )
Pernambuco 933.629 975.010 ( banana 396.470, uva 236.179 e manga 218.679 )
Par 861.038 869.703 ( banana 588.655)
Esprito Santo 778.700 847.770 ( mamo 399.790 )
Cear 796.115 791.593 ( banana 452.541 )
Sergipe 756.606 734.722 ( laranja 614.227 )
Subtotal 31.610.124 31.246.471
Demais estados 2.143.048 2.043.334
Total 33.753.172 33.289.805
Fonte: PAM 2014/IBGE

14
 Inor Ag. Assmann
EXPORTADORES
Dentre os estados brasileiros, o Cear desponta como o principal exportador de frutas frescas e processadas, incluindo nozes e castanhas, mas sem
sucos. Esses itens totalizaram US$ 888,817 milhes e 854,805 mil toneladas em 2015, de acordo com o sistema Agrostat, do Ministrio da Agricultura,
Pecuria e Abastecimento (Mapa). O Cear contribuiu com 23,4% da receita total, com embarques de US$ 207,967 milhes e de 181,908 mil toneladas. O
segundo melhor resultado foi obtido pela Bahia, com envios de U$S 144,392 milhes e de 138,309 mil toneladas. Na sequncia, a maior participao em
valor foi dos estados de So Paulo (14,1%), Pernambuco (13,66%) e Rio Grande do Norte (13,16%).

Country made of fruits

F
The State of So Paulo is strengthening its position as biggest
fruit producer in Brazil, with 15.183 million tons in 2014
Fruit cultivation is present in all 26 Bra-
zilian states and in the Federal District, vary-
ing in quantity and species that are grown.
The State of So Paulo is leading fruit produc-
tion by far, compared to all other states, with
15.183 million tons of fresh fruits, accord-
ing to latest data published by the Munici-
pal Agricultural Production department of the
Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics
(IBGE). Oranges make up the bulk of So Pau-
los production, which accounted for 12.290
million tons of the states total in 2014.
The final result of the states and the Fed-
eral District reached 33.289 million tons in
that year. This volume came from the sum
of 16 different types of fruits: avocadoes, ba-
nanas, persimmons, oranges, figs, guavas,
lemons, apples, papayas, mangoes, passion
fruits, quinces, pears, peaches, tangerines
and grapes. Therefore, the following fruits
are not included: pineapples, coconuts, wa-
termelons and melons, which would cer-
tainly alter the position of some fruit pro-
ducing states. Of the total volume, 11 states
produced 31.246 million tons, and the oth-
ers, 2.043 million tons.
The second biggest quantity of this group
of fruits, 4.058 million tons, was harvested in
Bahia. In this State, the most produced fruits
were the following: bananas (1.088 million
tons), oranges (1.026 million tons), papaya
(795 thousand tons) and passion fruit (381
thousand tons). Rio Grande do Sul comes
next, with 2.399 million tons, with grapes ac-
counting for 812 thousand tons, and apples,
for 690 thousand tons. A volume almost
equal, 2.299 million tons, was produced in
Minas Gerais. The predominant fruits were
oranges, with 940 thousand tons, and ba-
nanas, with 711 thousand tons.
Bananas are the main fruit not only in
Bahia, but also in the states of Santa Catari-
na (701 thousand tons), Par (588 thousand
tons), Cear (452 thousand tons) and Per-
nambuco (396 thousand tons). Significant
quantities of oranges were equally harvested
in the states of Paran (979 thousand tons),
Minas Gerais (940 thousand tons) and Ser-
gipe (614 thousand tons). Papayas stood out
in the state of Esprito Santo (400 thousand
tons) and in Bahia (795 thousand tons).

EXPORTERS
Among all Brazilian states, Cear is the leading exporter of fresh and processed fruits, including nuts and chestnuts, but no juices. These items brought
in US$ 888.817 million, from 854.805 thousand tons in 2015, according to the Agrostat system, of the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Food Supply
(Mapa). Cears share in the total sum of revenue corresponded to 23.4%, with shipments worth US$ 207.967 million and 181.908 thousand tons. The sec-
ond best result was achieved by Bahia, with shipments that brought in US$ 144.392 million from 138.309 thousand tons. In the sequence, the biggest par-
ticipation in the revenue was achieved by the states of So Paulo (14.1%), Pernambuco (13.66%) and Rio Grande do Norte (13.16%).

15
 Slvio vila
Nem mais,
nem menos

A
Produo de frutas no Brasil tem apresentado
estabilidade, mas segue estruturada com plenas
condies de atender demanda interna e externa
A fruticultura brasileira no tem apresentado alteraes significa-
tivas, pelo menos, em relao ao volume produzido nos ltimos anos.
Para 2015, a produo foi estimada em 43 milhes de toneladas de frutas
frescas. Caso venha a ser confirmado, o resultado ser praticamente igual
ao registrado nos dois anos anteriores. Esse o volume calculado pela Con-
federao Nacional da Agricultura e Pecuria do Brasil (CNA), com base nos
dados registrados at setembro de 2015.
A previso da CNA considera os dados apurados pelo Instituto Brasileiro de
Geografia e Estatstica (IBGE) e pelos fruticultores que exportam. J de acordo
com a pesquisa Produo Agrcola Municipal (PAM), do IBGE, a produo de 20
espcies pode ter sido de 41,358 milhes de toneladas em 2014. Considerando-
-se as mesmas frutas, e atualizando a oferta de laranja, banana, abacaxi, coco, uva
e ma, que so acompanhadas pelo Levantamento Sistemtico da Produo Agr-
cola (LSPA), do IBGE, estima-se que a produo pode ter somado 40,608 milhes
de toneladas em 2015.
Na avaliao da CNA, a safra de 2015 poderia ter superado a do ano anterior se
os principais polos no tivessem sido afetados pela falta de chuva. A condio cli-
mtica desfavorvel tambm prejudicou a qualidade das frutas e provocou a re-
duo das reas de cultivo. A falta de gua foi um problema que persistiu o ano
todo, destaca Eduardo Brando, assessor tcnico da Comisso Nacional de Fru-
ticultura da CNA e diretor-executivo da Associao Brasileira dos Produtores Ex-
portadores de Frutas e Derivados (Abrafrutas).
Para 2016, segundo Brando, a expectativa de que sejam colhidas 43,6 mi-
lhes de toneladas de frutas frescas ou, no mximo, em torno de 43,9 milhes
de toneladas, o que significaria 2% a mais do que o contabilizado no ano ante-
rior. Calcula-se que 97% das frutas so comercializadas no mercado interno e
3% no externo. A maioria dos brasileiros, que teve o poder de compra reduzi-
do pela recesso econmica em 2015, tende a continuar diminuindo o con-
sumo de frutas. O produto nacional tambm concorre com as frutas impor-
tadas, pressionando o valor pago ao fruticultor. A alta do dlar elevou os
custos de produo, devido importao de grande parte dos insumos.

16
CAMPES
A laranja segue sendo a fruta mais produzida, tendo participado com
16,9 milhes de toneladas em 2014, de acordo com a pesquisa do IBGE.
A segunda maior oferta foi a de banana, com 6,9 milhes de toneladas. As
duas frutas responderam por 43,5% do valor de R$ 25,4 bilhes obtido pe-
las 22 espcies em 2014, com alta de 9,3%. Dentre as fruteiras, a ma foi a
que registrou o maior aumento de produo (12%) e a laranja a com maior
queda, em comparao com o apurado em 2013.
A rea ocupada pela fruticultura totalizou 2,033 milhes de hectares em
2014, conforme a pesquisa Produo Agrcola Municipal, do IBGE. Igualmen-
te, as duas espcies campes de produo ocuparam os maiores espaos: a
laranja quase 690 mil hectares e banana em torno de 483 mil hectares. Gran-
de parte da rea total destinada aos pomares est em pequenas e mdias
propriedades rurais. A fruticultura emprega mais de cinco milhes de pes-
soas, o que representa mais de 30% dos empregos na agricultura nacional.

POMARES Orchards
Produo brasileira de frutas frescas
2014 2015 *
Frutas rea (ha) Volume (t) Volume (t)
Laranja 689.047 16.927.637 16.273.634
Banana 482.708 6.946.567 7.012.901
Melancia 94.929 2.171.288 2.171.288
Abacaxi** 66.668 3.407.701 3.407.701
Coco-da-baa*** 252.366 1.946.073 1.790.736
Mamo 32.118 1.603.351 1.603.351
Uva 78.767 1.453.889 1.507.419
Ma 37.121 1.378.617 1.271.941
Manga 70.688 1.132.449 1.132.449
Limo 43.586 1.101.762 1.101.762
Tangerina 49.929 965.139 965.139
Maracuj 57.183 823.284 823.284
Melo 22.001 589.939 589.939
Goiaba 15.923 359.349 359.349
Pssego 18.210 211.109 211.109
Caqui 8.358 182.280 182.280
Abacate 9.559 156.669 156.669
Figo 2.807 28.044 28.044
Pera 1.474 19.089 19.089
Marmelo 111 570 570
Total 2.033.553 41.358.806 40.608.857
* Estimativa.
** Converso: 1 fruto = 2,5 kg na regio Sul/Sudeste, exceto Paran
(onde 1,6 kg) e Santa Catarina (onde 1,67 kg); 2,1 kg, na regio
Centro-Oeste; e 1,8 kg, nas demais regies.
Fonte: FNP.
*** Quantidade produzida em 1.000 frutos.
Fonte: IBGE.

17
 Neither more
nor less

F
Fruit production in Brazil has been stable, but continues
structured to fully meeting domestic and foreign demand
Fruit farming in Brazil has not suffered sig- weather conditions equally adversely affected fore. It is estimated that 97% of the fruits are
nificant changes, at least, with regard to the the quality of the fruits, and induced the farmers traded in the domestic market, and only 3%
volume produced over the past years. For to reduce their planted areas. The lack of wa- are shipped abroad. Most Brazilian people,
2015, production is estimated at 43 million ter was a problem that persisted all year round, whose purchasing power shrank consider-
tons of fresh fruit. Should it confirm, the result says Eduardo Brando, technical advisor to ably due to the 2015 economic recession,
will not differ from the amount produced in CNAs National Fruit Growing Commission, and tend to continue reducing their consump-
the previous two years. This is the volume cal- executive director of the Brazilian Fruit Produc- tion of fruits. The national fruits also com-
culated by the Brazilian Confederation of Ag- ers Exporters Association (Abrafrutas). pete with fruits imported from abroad, exert-
riculture and Livestock (CNA), based on data For 2016, according to Brando, the ex- ing a negative pressure on farm gate prices.
registered up to September 2015. pectation is for a fruit crop of 43.6 million The higher value of the dollar increased the
CNAs forecast takes into consideration all tons or, at the most, about 43.9 million tons, production cost because a huge portion of
data ascertained by the Brazilian Institute of which would be 2% more than the year be- the inputs comes from abroad.
Geography and Statistics (IBGE) and by the
producers that export their fruits. Whereas,
Inor Ag. Assmann

according to a survey by IBGEs Municipal

Agricultural Production (PAM) division, the
production of 20 species may have reached
41.358 million tons in 2014. Considering the
same fruits, and updating the supply of or-
anges, bananas, pineapples, coconuts, grapes
and apples, which are closely surveyed by the
Systematic Survey of Agricultural Production
(LSPA), an IBGE division, total production in
2015 is estimated at 40.608 million tons.
In CNAs evaluation, the 2015 crop could
have outstripped the previous years crop if
most major production hubs had not been af-
fected by drought conditions. The unfavorable

WINNERS
Oranges are still the most produced fruit, with a share of 1.69 million tons in 2014, according to a survey by the IBGE. Bananas were the second most
produced fruit, with 6.9 million tons. The two fruits accounted for 43.5% of the revenue of R$ 25.4 billion raked in by the 22 species in 2014, up 9.3%.
Among the fruit trees, apples registered the biggest increase in production (12%), while oranges registered the biggest reduction, compared to 2013.
The area devoted to fruit farming totaled 2.033 million hectares in 2014, according to a survey by IBGEs Municipal Agricultural Production division.
The two leaders in production also occupied the biggest area: almost 690 thousand hectares were devoted to oranges, whereas bananas occupied
about 483 thousand hectares. A huge portion of the total area devoted to orchards belongs to small and medium scale farms. Fruit farming employs up-
wards of five million people, representing more than 30% of all national agriculture related jobs.

18


 O cmbio
fez bem

O
Exportaes de frutas frescas e processadas
cresceram 11,44% em volume e 3,8% em receita
em 2015, favorecidas pela alta do dlar
Os exportadores de frutas frescas e processadas do Brasil, ao contrrio
de outros setores da economia nacional, foram beneficiados pela valoriza-
o do dlar sobre o real em 2015. Em janeiro, a mdia mensal do dlar co-
mercial foi de R$ 2,638, e em dezembro fechou a R$ 3,869. Essa diferena de
quase 50% foi fundamental para o que o Pas contabilizasse volume e valor su-
periores aos obtidos em 2014. Sem incluir sucos, nozes e castanhas, o embarque
de frutas frescas e processadas totalizou 819,630 mil toneladas em 2015, 11,44%
a mais do que o enviado no ano anterior. O embarque somou US$ 735,49 milhes,
com acrscimo de 3,8% sobre a receita de 2014. Os nmeros foram divulgados pela
Confederao da Agricultura e Pecuria do Brasil (CNA), com base no sistema Agros-
tat, do Ministrio da Agricultura, Pecuria e Abastecimento (Mapa).
Incluindo o resultado das exportaes de nozes e castanhas, os resultados sal-
tam para 854,805 mil toneladas e para US$ 888,817 milhes em receita, com altas de
17,52% e 12,59%, respectivamente. A continuar neste ritmo, o setor espera atingir a
meta de exportar US$ 1 bilho em 2017, aponta Eduardo Brando, assessor tcnico da
Comisso Nacional de Fruticultura da CNA e diretor-executivo da Associao Brasileira
dos Produtores Exportadores de Frutas e Derivados (Abrafrutas).
Hoje, o Brasil tambm reconhecido no mercado internacional pela qualidade dos
produtos que exporta, acrescenta. Alm disso, o volume negociado poderia ter sido ainda
maior se os produtores de algumas regies no tivessem enfrentado problemas climticos.
A falta de gua tem prejudicado a produo e a qualidade de frutas do Nordeste. Enquanto
isso, no Sul, o excesso de chuva poder restringir embarques de ma em 2016.
O total de frutas frescas, secas e processadas destinadas aos consumidores estrangei-
ros composto por vrias espcies, mas algumas delas continuam se destacando na lis-
ta das mais exportadas. Em 2015, a maior receita, de US$ 184,342 milhes, foi obtida
com o embarque de 156,337 mil toneladas de manga. O resultado teve alta de 17,52%
em toneladas e de 12,59% em valor em relao ao verificado no ano de 2014. J em
quantidade, o melo superou a manga, com o envio anual de 223,746 mil toneladas,
incremento de 13,66% sobre o do ano antecedente. Dentre as frutas frescas, foi sig-
nificativa ainda a exportao de limo e lima (US$ 78,6 milhes), uva (US$ 72,349
milhes), mamo papaia (US$ 43,675 milhes) e ma (US$ 40,656 milhes).

20
 Slvio vila
DESVALORIZAO
No geral, a grande maioria das frutas registrou embarques superiores em 2015, mas o mesmo no se verificou nos valores pagos, que
no cresceram na mesma proporo ou, em alguns casos, apresentaram queda. Outros produtos do agronegcio tambm esto sendo ne-
gociados a preos mais baixos no mercado externo. Esta realidade impe aos produtores brasileiros o desafio de produzir mais gastando
menos. Porm, a alta do dlar acabou elevando os custos para produzir, pois vrios insumos so importados. Sim, os custos aumentaram,
mas a receita aumentou ainda mais, sinalizando que estamos sendo competitivos no mercado internacional, relata Luiz Roberto Barcelos,
presidente da Abrafrutas e da Cmara Setorial de Fruticultura do Mapa.
Conforme Eduardo Brando, da CNA e da Abrafrutas, a expectativa para 2016 de que o resultado em dlar cresa o mesmo percentu-
al (3,8%) do ano anterior. Os envios podero continuar sendo afetados pelo clima desfavorvel. No entanto, essa possvel reduo tende a
ser compensada pelo aumento do nmero de produtores que passaram a exportar, estimulados pela diferena do cmbio. Para manter uma
trajetria de crescimento das exportaes, vrios desafios precisam ser superados. De acordo com Brando, o setor precisa investir ainda
mais na capacitao dos produtores, visando as boas prticas agrcolas e a qualidade, pois o mercado externo muito exigente. A maioria
dos fruticultores no exporta, por no conseguir atender a essas exigncias. Igualmente so prioridades a busca de novos mercados e a re-
duo de barreiras tarifrias e fitossanitrias.

Manga, melo, limo, uva,

mamo, ma e melancia
foram as preferidas
21
 The exchange
rate is on our side

B
Fresh and processed fruit exports soared 11.44% in volume and
3.8% in revenue in 2015, favored by the highly valued dollar
Brazilian fresh and processed fruit export- had not faced bad weather conditions. Water revenue, US$ 184.342 million, came from
ers, contrary to other sectors in the national shortages have adversely affected the produc- the shipment of 156.337 thousand tons of
economy, benefited from the high value of the tion and the quality of the fruits in the North- mangoes. The result was up 17.52% in tons
dollar against the national currency in 2015. east. In the meantime, in the South, excessive and 12.59% in revenue from 2014. With re-
In January, the monthly average of the dollar rainfalls are likely to reduce the volume of ap- gard to quantity, lemons outstripped man-
against the real was R$ 2.638, and in Decem- ple exports in 2016. goes, with an annual shipment of 223.746
ber it reached R$ 3.869. This difference of al- In their totality, the fresh, dried and thousand tons, up 13.66% from the pre-
most 50% was of fundamental importance processed fruits destined for the foreign vious year. Among fresh fruits, significant
for the Country to negotiate higher volumes consumers consist of various species, but amounts of limes and lemons were ex-
and bring in higher values, compared to 2014. some of them continue standing out over ported (US$ 78.600 million), grapes (US$
Without including juices, nuts and chest- the others on the list of the most export- 72.349 million), papaya (US$ 43.675 mil-
nuts, the shipment of fresh and processed ed fruits. In 2015, the biggest amount of lion) and apples (US$ 40.656 million).
fruit totaled 819.630 thousand tons in 2015,
up 11.44% from the previous year. The ship-
Slvio vila

ments brought in US$ 735.49 million, up 3.8%

from the revenue in 2014. The numbers were
released by the Brazilian Confederation of Ag-
riculture and Livestock (CNA), based on the
Agrostat system, of the Ministry of Agriculture,
Livestock and Food Supply (Mapa).
Jointly with the result of nut and chestnut
exports, the results jump to 854.805 thou-
sand tons and to US$ 888.817 million in rev-
enue, with increases of 17.52% and 12.59%,
respectively. If this rhythm suffers no chang-
es, the sector hopes to accomplish the tar-
get of exporting fruits worth US$ 1 billion in
2017, says Eduardo Brando, technical advi-
sor to the Brazilian Confederation of Agricul-
ture and Livestock (CNA) and executive di-
rector of the Brazilian Association of Fruit
Producers and Exporters (Abrafrutas).
Now, Brazil is also acknowledged in
the international market for the quality of
The preference was for mangoes,
the products shipped abroad, he adds. Fur- melons, lemons, grapes, papayas,
apples and watermelons
thermore, the negotiated volume could have
been bigger if the producers in some regions

22
DEVALUATION
In general, most fruit species registered higher shipments abroad in 2015, but the same does not hold true for the revenue that was brought
in, as it did not keep pace with the previous year, and in some cases it went down. Other agribusiness items are also being negotiated at lower
prices in the foreign marketplace. This reality makes it mandatory for the Brazilian growers to produce more and spend less. However, the high
value of the dollar ended up increasing the production costs, as several inputs are imported. Of course, production costs went up, but revenue
increased even further, signaling our competitive edge in the international marketplace , says Luiz Roberto Barcelos, president of Abrafrutas
and of the Fruit Farming Sectoral Chamber, a division of the Mapa.
According to Eduardo Brando, CNA and Abrafrutas official, the expectation for 2016 is for the result in dollars to go up the same percentage
(3.8) of the previous year. The shipments are likely to continue suffering from the bad weather conditions. Nonetheless, this possible decrease
tends to be compensated by the bigger number of growers that have adhered to exports, several challenges need to be conquered. According
to Brando, the sector needs to invest more in capacity building initiatives for the growers, with an eye on best agricultural practices and quali-
ty, once the foreign market is very discerning. Most fruit farmers do not export their produce simply because they are unable to comply with the
requirements. Priorities also include the search for new markets and the reduction of the tariff and phytosanitary barriers.

EMBARQUES Shipments
Exportaes brasileiras de frutas frescas e secas, incluindo nozes e castanhas e preparados
Fruta 2014 2015 Variao 2014/15
Receita (US$ Fob) Volume (kg) Receita (US$ Fob) Volume (kg) Receita (%) Volume (%)
Manga 163.727.732 133.033.240 184.342.375 156.337.273 12,59% 17,52%
Melo 151.817.079 196.850.024 154.298.760 223.746.193 1,63% 13,66%
Nozes e castanhas 132.749.046 25.899.791 153.329.793 35.174.957 15,50% 35,81%
Limo e lima 96.099.286 92.301.008 78.600.751 96.631.634 -18,21% 4,69%
Uva 66.835.277 28.368.960 72.349.100 34.398.467 8,25% 21,25%
Conservas e preparaes
de frutas, excluindo sucos) 46.272.296 24.825.904 59.988.943 29.911.928 29,64% 20,49%
Mamo papaia 47.058.855 33.688.192 43.675.555 39.798.647 -7,19 18,14%
Ma 31.932.489 44.298.296 40.656.854 60.113.141 27,32% 35,70%
Melancia 16.490.896 30.682.363 27.059.394 54.953.858 64,09% 79,11%
Banana 31.750.237 83.944.504 24.916.992 80.905.478 -21,52 -3,62%
Outras frutas 20.959.870 6.156.573 20.709.874 7.320.096 -1,19% 18,90%
Laranja 9.014.409 20.111.176 8.904.160 23.520.326 -1,22% 16,95%
Figo 8.740.156 1.347.557 6.941.450 1.365.097 -20,58% 1,30%
Abacate 9.537.147 5.806.712 6.561.137 4.628.345 -31,20% -20,29%
Pssego 4.704.486 3.333.896 2.162.072 1.770.908 -54,04 -46,88%
Abacaxi 1.228.615 1.447.140 1.331.874 1.822.917 8,40% 25,97%
Coco 717.388 1.027.757 726.297 1.176.689 1,24% 14,49%
Caqui 769.710 257.044 658.373 291.335 -14,46% 13,34%
Tangerina, mandarina,
satsuma, etc. 19.644 43.350 519.169 525.300 2.542,89% 1.111,76%
Goiaba 443.961 170.776 498.963 203.936 12,39% 19,42%
Morango 218.083 28.913 319.258 37.244 46,39% 28,81%
Mangosto 39.338 15.130 92.781 16.243 135,86% 7,36%
Cereja 108.426 66.348 79.062 13.275 -27,08% -79,99%
Ameixa 6.711 843 13.616 1.923 102,89% 128,11%
Damasco 54.531 14.015 325 12 -99,40% -99,91%
Tamaras 117 12 210 24 79,49% 100%
Pra 80.191 140.301
Total 841.295.785 733.719.524 888.817.329 854.805.547 5,65% 16,50%
* As estatsticas de limo e lima esto agrupadas.
Fonte: Agrostat/Mapa.
Elaborao: Confederao da Agricultura e Pecuria do Brasil (CNA).

23
Slvio vila

O setor pretende
conquistar novos mercados
e ampliar os j existentes
24
A Europa
domina

A
Frutas brasileiras foram exportadas para mais de
100 pases em 2015, mas s os 28 da Unio Europeia
importaram quase 80% do total enviado
A Unio Europeia continua sendo a principal via de
comrcio das frutas frescas e processadas produzidas no
Brasil. Em 2015, quase 80% do total embarcado (735 mil
toneladas) foi importado pela UE, conforme a Confede-
rao da Agricultura e Pecuria do Brasil (CNA). O volu-
me negociado pelos exportadores brasileiros representa
em torno de 3% da colheita nacional de frutas. Apenas
10% da produo mundial exportada. O Brasil um plica Luiz Roberto Barcelos, presidente da Cmara
dos poucos pases do mundo com capacidade de produ-
zir com qualidade uma grande variedade de frutas du-
rante o ano todo, lembra Eduardo Brando, assessor
tcnico da Comisso Nacional de Fruticultura da CNA
e diretor-executivo da Associao Brasileira dos Produ-
tores Exportadores de Frutas e Derivados (Abrafrutas).
O bloco da UE formado por 28 pases importou
628,242 mil toneladas de frutas frescas e processadas,
incluindo nozes e castanhas, em 2015, de acordo com
os nmeros apontados pelo sistema Agrostat do Minis-
trio da Agricultura, Pecuria e Abastecimento (Mapa).
A transao resultou em US$ 584,715 milhes, um pou-
co menos do que os US$ 590,643 milhes obtidos em
2014. Os nmeros confirmam que a demanda da regio
tem se mantido estvel, e tambm no tm sinalizado
tendncia de aumento a curto prazo, observa Brando.
Segundo ele, uma das medidas para
aumentar as exportaes das frutas na-
cionais em 2016 ser continuar a busca de
novos mercados e ampliar os que j existem.
A abertura de novos mercados se d mediante
anlise de riscos de pragas, acordos comerciais e
remoo de barreiras fitossanitrias e tarifrias, ex-
Setorial de Fruticultura do Mapa, e tambm da Abra-
frutas. A falta de acordos bilaterais com pases da Eu-
ropa e da sia e com os Estados Unidos tem reduzido
a competitividade das frutas brasileiras frente aos prin-
cipais concorrentes da Amrica do Sul, como Chile e
Peru. Esses pases fecharam acordos e exportam com
tarifa reduzida ou nula, enquanto a tarifa mdia im-
posta s frutas nacionais de 10%.
Uma maior participao da fruta brasileira no mer-
cado internacional tambm depende da ampliao
da capacidade de produo de frutas com qualida-
de e sustentabilidade por parte dos produtores. O
fruticultor exportador dever focar no cuidado
com o meio ambiente, a segurana alimentar e
a responsabilidade social, sob risco de perder
mercados j conquistados, relata Barcelos.

TROCAS Exchanges CEM CLIENTES

Apesar de destinar grande parte do volume
Balana comercial das frutas frescas e processadas,
exportado para os pases da UE, o Brasil ainda
incluindo nozes e castanhas, sem sucos
enviou quantidades variadas para 103 naes
2014 2015
em 2015, de acordo com o sistema Agrostat/
Valor (US$ FOB) Volume (kg) Valor (US$ FOB) Volume (Kg)
Mapa. Dentre os pases, o grupo dos 10 princi-
Exportaes 841.295.785 733.719.524 888.817.329 854.805.547
pais importou 734,425 mil toneladas em 2015. O
Importaes 936.287.537 607.537.308 718.036.387 519.584.805
maior volume, de 304,708 mil toneladas, foi ad-
Diferena exp/imp -94.991.152 126.182.216 170.780.942 335.220.742
quirido pelos Pases Baixos (Holanda).
Fonte: Agrostat/Mapa.

25
 Europe is the
main destination
T
Brazilian fruits were exported to upwards of 100 countries in 2015,
but 28 countries in Europe purchased almost 80% of all sales abroad
The European Union continues as the
main negotiating route for fresh and pro-
cessed fruits produced in Brazil. In 2015,
almost 80% of all fruit shipments abroad
(735 thousand tons) were purchased by EU
countries, according to numbers released
by the Brazilian Confederation of Agriculture
and Livestock (CNA). The volume negotiated
by the Brazilian exporters represents about
3% of the entire national crop. Only 10%
of global fruit production is exported. Bra-
zil is one of the few in the world with the
capacity to produce with quality a big vari-
ety of fruits all year round , recalls Eduardo
Brando, technical advisor to CANs Fruit
Growing National Commission and execu-
tive director of the Brazilian Fruit Growers
Exporters Association (Abrafrutas).
The EU bloc, made up of 28 countries,
imported 628.242 thousand tons of fresh
and processed fruits, including nuts and
chestnuts, in 2015, according to figures re-
leased by the Agrostat system of the Minis-
try of Agriculture, Livestock and Food Sup-
ply (Mapa). The transaction brought in
revenue of US$ 584.715 million, a little less
than the US$ 590.643 million obtained in
2014. The numbers attest that demand in
the region has continued stable and has not
signaled any rising trend in the short run ,
observes Brando.
According to him, one of the initiatives
towards expanding our national fruit ex-
ports in 2016 will consist in continuing
the search for new markets, whilst expand-
ing the existing ones. The opening of new
markets requires an analysis of the risk of
pests, trade agreements and the removal of
phytosanitary and tariff barriers, explains
Luiz Roberto Barcelos, president of the Fruit
Farming Sectoral Chamber, a division of the
Mapa, and Abrafrutas has also a say in it. The
lack of bilateral agreements with countries
in Europe and Asia and with the United
States has negatively affected the competi-
tiveness of Brazilian fruit against its compet-
itors in South America, countries like Chile
and Peru. These countries have signed
agreements and their exports incur a small
tariff, or no tariff at all, while the average tar-
iff levied on our national fruits is 10%.
A bigger share of Brazilian fruits in the
international market also depends on the
expansion of the farmers capacity to pro-
duce more fruit with quality and sustain-
ability. Fruit growers who export their fruit
should keep their focus on the environ-
ment, food security and social responsibil-
ity, at risk of losing previously conquered
markets, Barcelos says.

A HUNDRED CLIENTS
In spite of destining a huge part of the volume exported to EU countries, Brazil equally shipped
huge amounts to 103 countries in 2015, According to the Agrostat/Mapa system. Among the
countries, the group of the 10 major importers, purchased 734.425 thousand tons in 2015. The
biggest volume, of 304.708 thousand tons, was acquired by the Netherlands (Holland).

26
 PRINCIPAIS DESTINOS Main destinations
Exportao de frutas frescas e processadas, incluindo nozes e castanhas, por pas de destino
Pas 2014 2015
Valor (US$ Fob) Volume (kg) Valor (US$ Fob) Volume (kg)
Pases Baixos (Holanda) 258.332.100 266.867.097 267.351.627 304.708.740
Reino Unido 137.165.964 123.046.835 142.982.005 133.218.291
Estados Unidos 96.983.738 42.334.183 141.390.898 58.835.214
Espanha 73.395.646 87.600.423 72.749.989 97.200.478
Portugal 25.751.173 19.325.496 26.537.257 24.324.307
Alemanha 23.081.110 15.439.073 25.542.254 15.911.640
Canada 25.214.917 13.155.033 22.054.351 11.217.455
Argentina 16.078.381 25.003.741 19.574.177 30.481.310
Emirados rabes Unidos 13.508.356 12.510.664 18.936.777 18.516.097
Uruguai 16.799.457 35.839.519 14.140.928 40.011.633
Sub-total (10 pases) 683.310.842 641.122.064 751.260.263 734.425.165
Outros 93 pases
Total 841.295.785 733.719.524 888.805.547 854.805.547
Fonte: Agrostat/Mapa.

Robispierre Giuliani

The sector
intends to
conquer new
markets and
expand the
existing ones
27
 Planeta fruta

A
A oferta mundial de frutas est estimada em 800
milhes de toneladas ao ano, sendo que apenas a
China reSponde por 227,5 milhes de toneladas

Apenas trs pases respondem pela oferta de quase 50% da pro-

duo mundial de frutas frescas. Estima-se que no mundo sejam
produzidas cerca de 800 milhes de toneladas de frutas, em rea
de aproximadamente 61,4 milhes de hectares. Esses resultados
so do ano de 2012, o ltimo dado divulgado pela Organizao
das Naes Unidas para a Alimentao e a Agricultura (FAO). A
participao de China, ndia e Brasil foi de 227,5 milhes de
toneladas, 72,5 milhes de toneladas e 41 milhes de tonela-
das, respectivamente.
A soma do volume do quarto ao dcimo maior produtor de
frutas representou 17,5% do total produzido. As posies eram
ocupadas, pela ordem, por Estados Unidos, Turquia, Indon-
sia, Mxico, Ir, Filipinas e Espanha. Em mdia, 90% das fru-
tas colhidas no mundo so consumidas no pas de origem.
Apenas 10% negociado no mercado internacional. Isto re-
presenta oportunidade para a fruticultura brasileira, que pro-
duz grande variedade de espcies, podendo conquistar mercados
tanto para as mais consumidas quanto em nichos especiais.
Naquele ano, as principais frutas produzidas no mundo foram
banana, melancia, ma, laranja e uva, que, juntas, responderam por
59% do volume total, conforme relatrio do engenheiro agrnomo Pau-
lo Fernando de Souza Andrade, responsvel pela rea de fruticultura da
Secretaria de Agricultura e Abastecimento (Seab), do Paran. Destas espcies,
a campe de produo foi a banana, com 139,1 milhes de toneladas. A melan-
cia ficou em segundo lugar, com 105,4 milhes de toneladas. As posies seguin-
tes foram ocupadas por ma (76,4 milhes de toneladas), laranja (68,2 milhes de
toneladas) e uva (67 milhes de toneladas).
Na China, as mais ofertadas foram melancia, ma, manga, melo, tangerina, pera, psse-
go, nectarina e ameixa. J as mais representativas na ndia foram banana, coco, manga, aba-
caxi, limo/limas e castanha-de-caju. As frutas mais ofertadas aos brasileiros eram laranja, banana,
coco, abacaxi, mamo, castanha-de-caju, caju e castanha do Brasil. Laranja e banana continuaram
predominantes no Pas. Para os prximos anos, maiores aumentos de volumes so estimados para
melo (39,3%), mamo (31,2%) e manga (25,9%), segundo a publicao Projees do Agroneg-
cio Brasil 2014/15 a 2024/2025, do Ministrio da Agricultura, Pecuria e Abastecimento (Mapa).

MAIS NO NORTE
Conforme o agrnomo Paulo Fernando de Souza Andrade, da Seab, do Paran, grande parte das frutas produzidas no mundo de clima temperado, cul-
tivadas e consumidas principalmente no Hemisfrio Norte. As espcies tropicais e sub-tropicais possuem elevado potencial de consumo, mas apenas a ba-
nana tem presena marcante no mercado externo. A oferta de determinada fruta possvel ao longo do ano, pois a comercializao internacional se com-
plementa com produes dos hemisfrios Norte e Sul. H 20 anos, a produo da fruticultura mundial superava as 500 milhes de toneladas.

28
 Planet fruit
T
Global fruit supplies are estimated at 800 million tons
a year, and China alone accounts for 227.5 million tons
Three countries in the world account for
the almost 50% of all fresh fruits produced in
the world. Global fruit production is estimat-
ed at 800 million tons a year, and the planted
area reaches approximately 61.4 million hect-
ares. These are the results of the year 2012, the
latest statistical numbers released by the Food
and Agriculture Organization of the United
Nations (FAO). The share of China, India and
Slvio vila
Brazil totaled 227.5 million tons, 72.5 million
tons and 41 million tons, respectively.
The sum of the volume from the fourth
to the tenth biggest producers represented
17.5% of the total. The positions were oc-
cupied in the following order: the United
States, Turkey, Indonesia, Mexico, Iran, the
Philippines and Spain. On average, 90% of all
fruits produced in the world are consumed in
their countries of origin. Only 10% of the fruits
are traded in the international marketplace.
It represents an opportunity for Brazils fruit
growing business, characterized by a big vari-
ety of fruit species, with the chance to conquer
markets for the most consumed fruits, along
with special niche markets.
SORTIMENTO Variety
Principais pases produtores de frutas 2012
Pas rea (ha) Produo (t) Participao %
China 14.401.937 227.492.666 29,4
ndia 6.360.595 72.472.580 9,4
Brasil 2.442.786 41.023.611 5,3
Estados Unidos 1.221.109 29.244.549 3,8
Turquia 1.369.662 20.727.160 2,7
Indonsia 836.676 18.395.004 2,4
Mxico 1.314.425 17.526.306 2,3
Ir 1.251.409 17.221.650 2,2
Filipinas 1.247.551 16.485.422 2,1
Espanha 1.584.900 15.720.947 2,0
Demais 196 pases 29.351.667 297.533.116 38,4
Total 61.382.717 773.843.011 100,0
Fonte: FAO. Elaborao: Seab/Paran. reached more than 500 million tons.
In 2012, the main fruits produced in the
world were bananas, watermelons, oranges and
grapes, which, together, accounted for 59% of
the total volume, according to agronomic engi-
neer Paulo Fernando de Souza Andrade, respon-
sible for the fruit department at the Secretariat of
Agriculture and Supply (Seab), in Paran. Of all
these species, the leader in production was the
banana, with 139.1 million tons. Watermelons
came second, with 105.4 million tons followed
by apples (76.4 million), oranges (68.2 million
tons) and grapes (67 million tons).
In China, the most produced fruits were
watermelons, apples, mangoes, melons, tan-
gerines, pears, peaches, nectarines and plums.
The most representative fruits in India were ba-
nanas, coconuts, mangoes, pineapples, lemons/
limes and chestnuts. The most produced fruits
in Brazil were oranges, bananas, coconuts, pine-
apples, papayas, chestnuts, cashew nuts and
Brazil nuts. Oranges and bananas continued
predominating in Brazil. Over the coming years,
bigger increases in volume are expected for
melons (39.3%), papaya (31.2%) and mangoes
(25.9%), according to the publication Agribusi-
ness Projections - Brazil 2014/15 to 2024/2025,
of the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and
Food Supply (Mapa).
FURTHER NORTH
According to agronomist Paulo Fernando de
Souza Andrade, from Seab, in Paran, a huge por-
tion of all fruits produced in the world come from
temperate climate zones, cultivated and consumed
mostly in the Northern Hemisphere. All tropical and
subtropical species enjoy a huge consumption po-
tential, but only bananas have a significant presence
in the foreign market. The supply of specific fruits is
possible over the year, as the international trade re-
lies on fruits produced in the North and South Hemi-
spheres. Twenty years ago, global fruit production
29
 O sol para todos

P
Marca lanada em 2015 para promover as frutas
do Brasil foi apresentada na Fruit LoGisticA
Berlim, a maior feira mundial de fruticultura
Para promover, ser a cara e a assinatura das frutas brasileiras para o
mundo, o setor fruticultor lanou em 2015 a marca Frutas do Brasil: Gif-
ted by the Sun. A nova identidade objetiva ressaltar a riqueza da fruticultu-
ra nacional, principalmente para Europa, Estados Unidos e Oriente Mdio. Es-
tar estampando toda a comunicao visual de estandes brasileiros em feiras e
convenes internacionais.
O Projeto Frutas do Brasil parceria institucional da Associao Brasileira dos Pro-
dutores Exportadores de Frutas e Derivados (Abrafrutas) com a Agncia Brasileira de
Promoo de Exportaes e Investimentos (Apex-Brasil). Conta ainda com o apoio da
Confederao de Agricultura e Pecuria do Brasil (CNA). A meta das entidades dobrar
em 2020 a exportao de 2015, de 819,63 mil toneladas de frutas frescas e processadas.
Em 2016, o selo do projeto Frutas do Brasil: Gifted by the Sun (presenteado pelo
sol), representado por um colibri (gnero de beija flor), foi apresentado no maior even-
to de fruticultura do mundo, a Fruit Logistica Berlim, que ocorre todos os anos no incio
de fevereiro. De acordo com a Abrafrutas, a marca foi destaque no estande brasileiro de
400 metros quadrados e representa a garantia de qualidade e de sabor das frutas exporta-
das pelas 26 empresas presentes nesta edio do evento.
Mais de 70 mil pessoas de 135 pases passaram pela feira entre os dias 3 e 5 de feve-
reiro. Meles, melancias, bananas, mames, uvas, limes, abacaxis, laranjas, mas, abaca-
tes, mangas e polpas congeladas foram disponibilizados para degustao. O pavilho bra-
sileiro foi decorado com painis e banners que estamparam a marca Frutas do Brasil.
A Fruit Logistica inclui os principais pases produtores e compradores de frutas frescas
e processadas. Estamos buscando cada vez mais promover o produto brasileiro no exte-
rior, mostrando o que conquistamos com a qualidade e o sabor das frutas ressaltadas pela
tropicalidade do Pas, explica Tom Prado, presidente da Comisso Nacional de Fruticul-
tura da CNA. Ele acrescenta que, hoje, o Brasil reconhecido em mbito internacional
pela qualidade dos produtos que exporta.
A participao na Fruit Logistica Berlim em 2016 proporcionou estar na maior vitri-
ne de frutas do mundo, destaca Luiz Roberto Barcelos, presidente da Abrafrutas. Em
sua opinio, quem quer exportar esteve no lugar certo, pois a feira reuniu todos os
players desse negcio. Inclusive, Estados Unidos, pases da Europa e da sia demons-
traram interesse em fechar negcios.
Segundo Barcelos, os pases asiticos, com destaque para a China e o Japo, es-
to cada vez mais receptivos s frutas do Brasil. Recebemos a visita de inspetores
chineses no incio do ano interessados em conhecer como as frutas cearenses so
produzidas e constatar se realmente so livres de pragas, relata. Ainda para o pri-
meiro semestre de 2016 est prevista nova visita de provveis clientes, os japone-
ses. Estamos muito otimistas com a visibilidade que nossos produtos esto ga-
nhando no mercado, diz.

30
LIMITAES
Pontos que preocupam as entidades representativas, com impacto direto no crescimento da fruticultura brasileira, so a infraestrutura
e a logstica, ainda longe de atenderem s necessidades do agronegcio. Hoje, temos srios problemas em virtude da precariedade das ro-
dovias do Pas, por onde transportada a produo em direo aos portos. A grande maioria das frutas enviada por via martima, obser-
va Luiz Roberto Barcelos, presidente da Abrafrutas. Acrescenta que os produtores enfrentam dificuldades com a cadeia de frio, uma vez que
as cargas devem ser frigorificadas e a maioria dos portos no tem este tipo de estrutura disponvel.

Divulgao

Aes de promoo
podem levar o Pas a
embarcar o dobro em 2020
31
 The sun

Divulgao
shines for all

W
Logo launched in 2015 to promote Brazilian fruit was
presented at the Fruit Logistica Berlin, the worlds leading
trade fair for the fresh fruit and vegetable business

With the idea promote, be the face and
bear the signature of Brazilian fruit for the
world, the fruit sector launched the logo
Brazilian fruits: Gifted by the Sun. The new
objective identity highlights the wealth of
our national fruit farming business, especial-
ly to Europe, the United States and the Mid-
dle East. It will be displaying the entire visu-
al communication of the Brazilian stands in
international fairs and conventions.
The Brazilian Fruits Project is an insti-
tutional partnership of the Brazilian Fruit
Growers-Exporters Association (Abrafrutas)
with the Brazilian Trade and Investments
Promotion Agency (Apex-Brasil). It also re-
lies on support from the Brazilian Confed-
eration of Agriculture and Livestock (CNA).
The target of the entities is to double the
2015 export volume of 819.630 thousand
tons of fresh and processed fruit, by 2020.
In 2016, the logo of the Frutas do Bra-
sil: Gifted by the Sun, represented by a styl-
ized hummingbird, was presented at the
biggest fruit event in the world, the Fruit Lo-
gistica Berlin, held in Berlin, in February ev-
ery year. According to Abrafrutas officials,
the logo on the 400 square meter Brazilian
stand captured the attention of visitors. It
represents quality and taste assurance of the
fruits exported by 26 companies attending
this years edition of the event.
The three-day event, 3 to 5 February, at-
tracted upwards of 70 thousand people,
coming from 135 countries. Melons, water-
melons, bananas, papayas, grapes, lemons,
pineapples, oranges, apples, avocados, man-
goes and frozen pulps were available for
tasting. The Brazilian pavilion was decorat-
ed with panels and banners that displayed
the logo Frutas do Brasil.
Fruit Logistica includes all major pro-
ducers and buyers of fresh and processed
fruit. We are deeply engaged in promot-
ing the Brazilian fruits abroad, displaying
what we have conquered in terms of qual-
ity and taste, enhanced by our tropical cli-
mate, explains Tom Prado, president of
CANs National Fruit Growing division. He
adds that, currently, Brazil is international-
ly acknowledged for the quality of the prod-
ucts shipped abroad.
The participation in the 2016 Fruit Lo-
gistica Berlin put Brazil into the global fruit
showcase, says Luiz Roberto Barcelos, pres-
ident at Abrafrutas. In his opinion, all would-
be exporters were in the right place, as the
fair brought together all the players of this
business. Countries like the United States,
European and Asian nations were greatly in-
terested in closing business deals.
According to Barcelos, Asian countries,
especially China and Japan, are increasing-
ly becoming interested in Brazilian fruits. At
the beginning of the year, we were visited by
a Chinese delegation of inspectors interest-
ed in learning about the manner fruits are
produced in Cear, and check if they are re-
ally free from pests, he says. For the first half
of 2016, a Japanese delegation, possible fu-
ture clients, is supposed to visit the fruit belt.
We are very optimistic at the visibility of our
products in the market, he says.

LIMITATIONS
Issues that cause concern among the representative entities, with direct impact upon the growth of Brazils fruit growing business, in-
clude infrastructure and logistics, still a long way from meeting the needs of agribusiness. Now, we have serious problems by virtue of the
poor road conditions across the Country, making it difficult to transport the grains to the ports. Most fruit shipments abroad rely on maritime
transportation, observes Luiz Roberto Barcelos, president at Abrafrutas. He adds that the producers face difficulties with the cold chain,
once most cargoes require cool stores but the majority of the ports do not have these facilities.

32
 Promotional initiatives
could lead the Country to
double its exports by 2020
Inor Ag. Assmann

As principais MAIN FRUIT

O
Par O maior produtor
nacional da fruta, com
372 milhes de unidades
34
Abacaxi Pineapple abacaxi
Virou suco

O
Grande impulso na exportao de suco em 2015
foi o diferencial na cultura do abacaxi, que
mantm crescimento, em especial na regio Norte

O abacaxi descasca uma realidade ainda positiva em 2015 (incremento de 0,73% na

rea e de 0,25% na produo), mesmo com a continuidade da seca na principal regio
produtora, o Nordeste. Os nordestinos detm 36% do total produzido no Pas e tiveram re-
cuos, em especial nos principais estados (Paraba, o segundo maior; Bahia, quarto colocado;
e Rio Grande do Norte, oitavo). A regio Norte, segunda maior produtora, com quase 30% do
total, registrou os maiores acrscimos no ano: 277,94% no Tocantins (11 no Pas) e 14,25% no
Par, atual lder nacional. O Sudeste, que contribui com 28% do montante global, registrou incre-
mentos em Minas Gerais (terceiro maior produtor) e So Paulo (quinto maior).
A elevada percentagem ocorrida no Tocantins pode ser explicada, segundo o pesquisador Jos
Souza, da rea de socioeconomia da Embrapa Mandioca e Fruticultura, sediada em Cruz das Almas,
na Bahia, por ter havido recuperao diante da reduo expressiva no ano anterior, com valores abai-
xo da mdia histrica. De toda forma, verificado apoio no Estado para desenvolver a cultura. O
mesmo ocorre no lder Par, que ainda destaca condies edafoclimticas favorveis e produtivida-
de mdia superior nacional (30,7 milhes de frutos por hectare em 2015, contra 26,4 milhes de
frutos por hectare na mdia do Pas). Em 2015, produziu 372,7 milhes de unidades.
O municpio de Floresta do Araguaia, na regio Sudeste do Par, o maior produtor nacio-
nal e apresenta a maior indstria de suco concentrado da fruta no Brasil, com capacidade para 4
mil toneladas/ms, exportando para pases da Unio Europeia e do Mercosul, acentua o Bole-
tim Agropecurio 2015 da Secretaria de Agricultura do Estado. No por acaso, do lquido de
abacaxi que vem a melhor notcia de 2015 na cultura: a exportao do suco cresceu 370,98%
em relao a 2014, no valor obtido. Foram pagos US$ 2.332,68 por tonelada, o maior preo
mdio alcanado desde 2001, conforme pesquisa de Jos Souza, da Embrapa.

AO GOSTO DA EUROPA
O total exportado em suco de abacaxi atingiu US$ 17,4 milhes em 2015. Os principais blocos compradores, de acordo com as informaes le-
vantadas pelo pesquisador Jos Souza, da Embrapa, foram: Europa (73,5%), Amrica do Sul (16,8%) e Amrica do Norte (9,7%). J no fruto fresco
ou seco vendido ao exterior, o valor apurado ficou um pouco menor (4,1%), mas em volume ocorreu aumento, de 16,27%. Se for includo o fruto pre-
parado ou conservado, a receita tambm cresceu (8,4%) e a quantidade chegou a aumentar 25,97%. A exportao da fruta, no entanto, pequena,
com menos de 1% do total. destinada basicamente ao mercado domstico e ao suco, que vai ganhando seu espao no exterior.
A demanda leva os estados produtores a continuar investindo na cultura e a desenvolver tecnologias, no mbito de variedades e manejos. Tam-
bm o segundo maior produtor, e que j esteve na liderana, o Estado nordestino da Paraba que em 2015 deve registrar diminuio de 8,47%,
para 290,7 milhes de frutos , anunciou em meados do ano um programa de revitalizao da cultura. A iniciativa envolve o governo do Estado e
uma empresa de sucos, com o objetivo de alavancar a produo e atender s necessidades de maior oferta do apreciado e valorizado sumo da fruta.

35
 Just juice

T
Sharp rise of juice exports in 2015 made a difference in the
pineapple crop, which continues rising, especially in the North

The pineapple is a harbinger of a pos-
itive reality in 2015 (increase of 0.73% in
planted area and 0.25% in production),
in spite of the prolonged drought in the
main producing region, the Northeast.
The northeastern farmers account for 36%
of the total crop in the Country but the
volume of pineapples harvested shrank in
most major states (Paraba, the second big-
Slvio vila
gest; Bahia, fourth biggest producer; and
Rio Grande do Norte, eighth in produc-
tion volume). The North, region that ranks
as second biggest producer, with near-
ly 30% of the total, registered the highest
increases of the year: 277.94% in Tocan-
tins (11th in the Country) and 14.25% in
Par, current national leader. The South-
east, whose share amounted to 28% of the
world total, registered bigger harvests in
Minas Gerais (third biggest producer) and
So Paulo (fifth biggest).
The explanation for the high percent-
age that occurred in Tocantins, according
to researcher Jos Souza, from the socio-
economic department of Embrapa Cassa-
va and Fruit Farming, based in Cruz das Al-
mas, State of Bahia, lies in the fact that there

36
has been a recovery from the previous year,
when values were below historical averag-
es. By all means, there is State support for
establishing the crop. The same thing oc-
curs in Par, the leading producer, where
edaphoclimatic conditions were favorable
and average productivity higher than in the
entire nation (30.7 million fruit per hectare
in 2015, against 26.4 million fruit per hect-
are in the Country). In 2015, production
amounted to 372.7 million pieces.
The municipality of Floresta do Ara-
guaia, in the Southeast region in Par is,
according to the 2015 Agricultural Bulle-
tin of the State, the biggest national pro-
ducer and home to the biggest pineapple
juice concentrate industry in Brazil, with
the capacity for 4 thousand tons a month,
exporting to countries in the European
Union and Mercosur. Not by chance, it is
the liquid of this fruit that gives rise to the
best piece of news about the crop in 2015:
in terms of revenue, juice exports were up
370.98% from 2014. Prices amounted to
US$ 2,332.68 per ton, the highest average
achieved since 2001, according to a survey
by Jos Souza, from Embrapa.

PLEASING THE PALATE IN EUROPE

Total pineapple juice exports brought in revenue of US$ 17.4 million in 2015. The main importing blocs, according to information surveyed by Em-
brapa researcher Jos Souza, were as follows: Europe (73.5%), South America (16.8%) and North America (9.7%). Revenue from fresh or dried fruit sold
abroad, was down 4.10%, but volume was up 16.27%. If pre-prepared or preserved fruits are included, revenue equally went up 8.4%, whilst the amount
went up by 25.97%. Fruit exports, nonetheless, are still in their fledgling stage, less than 1% of the total, and they are basically destined for the domes-
tic market and for juices, now conquering their preferences abroad.
It is demand that induces the producing states to continue investing in the crop and in new technologies, in the realm of varieties and management
practices. On the other hand, the second-biggest producer, which was number one in the past, the Northeastern State of Paraba where in 2015 pro-
duction was down 8.47%, to 290.7 million fruit announced, in mid-year, a revitalization program for the crop. The initiative involves the State Govern-
ment and a juice company, with the aim to leverage the crop and meet the ever-increasing demand for the delicious and highly valued juice of the fruit.

Par is the leading national producer

of the fruit, with 372 million units

O ABACAXI DESCASCADO Skinned pineapple

ANOS 2014 2015
rea colhida (hectares) 66.544 67.030
Produo (mil frutos) 1.762.938 1.767.938
Produtividade (frutos/hectare) 26.493 26.365
Fonte: IBGE/LSPA
Exportao fruta * (US$) 1.228.615 1.331.874
Exportao fruta * (kg) 1.447.140 1.822.917
Exportao sucos (US$) 3.693.320 17.391.004
Exportao sucos (kg) 2.155.469 7.455.378
Fonte: MDIC/Secex-Aliceweb
* Inclui abacaxis frescos ou secos e preparados ou conservados.

As principais MAIN FRUIT 37

Slvio vila

C
Par, principal produtor,
lana forte programa de
expanso do cultivo
38
Aa AA
Nas alturas
C
Fruto tpico da Amaznia faz muito sucesso e
ganha reforo para atender demanda, que vem
crescendo em nvel nacional e internacional
Colhido de palmeiras nativas das vrzeas e dos iga-
ps da Amaznia e de cultivo ampliado em terra firme,
o aa fica a cada dia mais conhecido e consumido
de maneira crescente por suas propriedades nutritivas.
energticas e saudveis. Ao crescimento da demanda
e dos preos segue a necessidade de ampliar a produ-
o, o que tem ocorrido no principal produtor, o Par,
inclusive deixando de lado os dados do extrativismo
baixos, e os nicos divulgados em nvel nacional. O Es-
tado lanou, no incio de 2016, o Programa de Desen-
volvimento da Cadeia Produtiva (Pr-Aa), pelo qual
pretende expandir em mais de 30% a rea produtiva
da cultura at 2020, e em mais de 35% a oferta do fruto
at 2024, que hoje j passa de 1 milho de toneladas.
O Par registra nos ltimos anos ampliao da rea da aos produtores familiares, acentua o secretrio. Es-
plantada com a cultura em terra firme e manejada nas
vrzeas, que dever incrementar ainda mais nos prxi-
mos. No primeiro caso, a inteno implantar mais 10
mil hectares, em cultivo solteiro ou sistemas agroflo-
restais, em reas abertas, como pastagens abandona-
das, envolvendo mil produtores. Nas vrzeas, 40 mil
hectares de aaizais devero ser contemplados com
tcnicas de manejo e de enriquecimento, abrangendo
cerca de 10 mil produtores familiares das regies do
Maraj e do Baixo Tocantins.
A incorporao de tecnologia ao processo um dos
pontos de destaque do programa, informa Luiz Pinto,
diretor de Agricultura Familiar da Secretaria de De-
senvolvimento Agropecurio e da Pesca (Sedap). Nos
plantios, por exemplo, a ideia triplicar a produtivi-
dade com irrigao, passando da mdia de 4 t/ha para
12 t/ha. Na produo de vrzea, o avano pretendido inexplorado, enfatiza o relatrio do pro-
de 2 para 6 t/ha. A Embrapa Amaznia Oriental, con-
Aa
forme o pesquisador Joo Tom, deve-
r fornecer material gentico. Duas mil
sementes j foram repassadas e outras oito
mil esto previstas at o final do primeiro se-
mestre de 2017, com lanamento de nova cul-
tivar desenvolvida para terra firme.
O programa, que agrega ainda o Instituto de
Desenvolvimento Florestal e da Biodiversidade do
Estado (Ideflor-Bio) e a Empresa de Assistncia Tc-
nica (Emater/PA), dever trazer grandes ganhos eco-
nmicos e sociais, diz Hildegardo Nunes, titular da
Sedap. A expectativa de que sejam criadas 8 mil ocu-
paes produtivas diretas e mais de 30 mil indiretas.
A cadeia do aa permite rpida incorporao de ren-
tudo indica que o valor apurado em 2008 com a cultura
em 10 municpios do Baixo Tocantins atingiu R$ 395 mi-
lhes; em 2014, s a venda interestadual e internacional
do produto de 15 municpios rendeu R$ 225 milhes.
A colocao da fruta em mais estados brasileiros e
novos pases cresce a cada ano. A exportao ao mun-
do aumentou outra vez em 2015, em ndice prximo
a 24%, conforme apurou Geraldo Tavares, gerente
de Fruticultura da Sedap. Estados Unidos e Japo
foram destaques nas compras. Considerando que
dois pases polarizam as importaes e ainda no
houve promoo massiva nos mercados euro-
peu e asitico (exceto o japons), onde a China
um imenso mercado a ser perseguido, con-
clui-se que o aa uma das poucas frutas em
nvel mundial com grande potencial cativo e
grama estadual.
As principais MAIN FRUIT 39
Slvio vila

In the heights

H
Fruit native to the Amazonia is very successful and gains
extra strength to meet demand, now rising at home and abroad

Harvested from native palm trees spread
across the meadowlands and flooded lands
in the Amazon region, along with cultiva-
tions on solid ground, day after day the
aa is becoming better known, while con-
sumption is rising due to its nutritive, en-
ergetic and health properties. Soaring de-
mand and higher prices call for the need
to expand production, which has been oc-
curring in the leading producer, the State of
Par, without including data regarding aa
extractivism now low, but the only ones
available at national level. In early 2016, the
State launched the Supply Chain Develop-
ment Program (Pr-Aa), with the inten-
tion to expand by 30% the area devoted to
the crop and by 35% the amount produced,
by 2024. Now, total production reaches up-
wards of 1 million tons.
Over the past few years, the State of Par
has increased the area devoted to the crop
in solid ground and meadowland, and it is
expected to increase even further over the
next few years. In the first case, the idea is
to establish an extra 10 thousand hectares,
in exclusive plantations, or in association
with agro-forestry systems, in open areas,
like abandoned grasslands, involving one
thousand farmers. In the meadowlands, 40
thousand hectares devoted to aa are to be
submitted to special management and en-
richment techniques, comprising about 10
thousand families in the regions of Maraj
and Baixo Tocantins.
The incorporation of technology into
the process is one of the highlights of the

40

program, says Luiz Pinto, director of the
Family Farming Department at the Secretar-
iat of Agriculture and Fisheries (Sedap). In
the plantation, for example, the idea is to
triple the productivity rates with irrigation,
jumping from an average of 4 tons per hect-
are to 12 tons. In meadowland crops, what
is pursued is a total from 2 tons per hect-
are to 6 tons. Embrapa Eastern Amazon, ac-
cording to researcher Joo Tom, is to fur-
nish the genetic material. Two thousand
seeds have already been handed over to the
farmers and another amount of eight thou-
sand are scheduled to be delivered by the
end of the first half of 2017, whilst a new
dry ground cultivar is to be launched.
The program, which equally compris-
es the Par State Forestry and Biodiversity
Development Institute (Ideflor-Bio) and
Technical Assistance Company (Emater/
PA), should attract huge social and econom-
ic gains, says Hildegardo Nunes, official at
Par, leading producer,
launches comprehensive
aa production program
Sedap. The expectation is for the creation Shipments abroad in 2015 were up again
of eight thousand direct job positions and in 2015, by almost 24%, according to a sur-
30 thousand indirect ones The aa sup- vey by Geraldo Tavares, Fruit Farming man-
ply chain does not take long to turn into a ager at Sedap. The United States and Japan
source of income for family farmers, the were the countries that purchased the most
secretary emphasizes. The study indicates aa fruit. Considering that the two coun-
that the value ascertained in 2008 from tries are absorbing the bulk of the exports,
the crop in 10 municipalities in the region no massive promotional services have been
known as Baixo Tocantins reached R$ 395 conducted in Europe and Asia (except Ja-
million; in 2014, interstate and internation- pan), where China is a promising market
al sales of the crop from 15 municipalities worth conquering, it is concluded that the
brought in revenue of R$ 225 million. aa is one of the few fruits that, at global lev-
Sales of the fruit in other Brazilian states el, enjoys a big potential yet to be explored,
and other countries are rising year after year. stresses the state program report.
O AA NO PAR Aa in Par
ANOS 2014 2015
rea (plantada + manejada, hectares) 143.143 154.486
Produo (t) 795.253 1.011.685
Exportao (t) 4.983,8 6.173,7
Exportao (US$) 22.523.800,00 22.690.301,00
Fontes: IBGE/LSPA/GCEA-Par e MDIC/Sedap.
As principais MAIN FRUIT 41
Inor Ag. Assmann

N
Produo nacional chegou
marca de 7 milhes de
toneladas em 2015
42
 banana
Banana banana

Em grande estilo

N
Fruta hoje a segunda mais produzida e consumida
no Brasil, o que mantm a cadeia produtiva no
percurso do crescimento nas ltimas safras
No cardpio da fruticultura, a banana segue como
uma das preferncias nacionais. Em territrio brasileiro,
trata-se da segunda fruta mais cultivada e consumida. A la-
ranja permanece em primeiro lugar. A amarelinha bas-
tante degustada in natura, mas tambm muito utilizada
como ingrediente no preparo de diversas receitas. Apesar
do alto consumo, ao longo de 2015 a oferta e a demanda
mantiveram-se estveis salvo em episdios de doena
severa, como a Sigatoka-Negra no Norte do Pas, com im-
pacto negativo sobretudo na bananicultura do Par.
A economista urea Albuquerque, da Embrapa Man-
dioca e Fruticultura, de Cruz das Almas, na Bahia, reite-
ra que, atualmente, a produo segue pelo caminho da
ascenso. O Levantamento Sistemtico da Produo Agr- senvolvimento, Indstria e Comrcio Exterior (MDIC),
cola (LSPA), do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estats-
tica (IBGE), sugere que a rea colhida em 2015 deve ter
atingido 481.439 hectares, contra 478.060 no ano ante-
rior. A variao em toneladas seria de 0,95%, saltando de
6.946.567 em 2014 para 7.012.901 em 2015. A atividade
envolve cerca de 800 mil unidades produtoras, sendo a
maioria de pequeno porte e de perfil familiar.
As principais regies produtoras no Brasil so o Nor-
deste e o Sudeste, com produo estimada de 2.372.763
toneladas e de 2.215.015 toneladas, respectivamente,
em 2015. Os maiores volumes so colhidos em So Pau-
lo (1.155.306 toneladas), Bahia (994.917
toneladas) e Minas Gerais (795.925 tone-
ladas), segundo os nmeros previstos pelo
IBGE. Entre as variedades mais cultivadas pe-
los agricultores esto banana-da-terra ou compri-
da, Cavendish (Nanica e Nanico) e Prata, como a
Prata An.
Conforme urea, hoje menos de 2% da produo
nacional exportada. Nos ltimos cinco anos, a pesqui-
sadora explica que o maior volume ocorreu em 2011,
de pouco mais de 110 mil toneladas, aproximadamente
1,5% da produo brasileira. Dados da Secretaria de Co-
mrcio Exterior (Secex), vinculada ao Ministrio do De-
apontam cerca de 81 mil toneladas embarcadas em 2015.
O volume de exportao vem decrescendo ao lon-
go dos ltimos cinco anos, constata. Foram 84 mil to-
neladas em 2014, contra 99 mil toneladas em 2013
e 96 mil toneladas em 2012. Os principais pases
importadores so Uruguai, Argentina, Reino Uni-
do, Holanda, Alemanha e Espanha. No ltimo
perodo, a cadeia produtiva movimentou US$
24.916.992,00 com a exportao de bananas,
contra US$ 31.750.237,00 em 2014. A dife-
rena, negativa, chega a 21,52%.

TECNIFICAO
A produtividade da bananicultura brasileira segue padro previsto, sem surpresas para o setor. O balano preliminar d conta de que a mdia
em 2015 gira em 14.567 quilos por hectare, com pouco aumento em comparao aos 14.531 quilos da safra anterior. Para a pesquisadora urea
Albuquerque, a baixa mdia deve-se ao predomnio da produo com baixa tecnificao. J no Rio Grande do Norte e no Par, estados com pro-
duo tecnificada considervel, o rendimento de 30 e 25 toneladas por hectare, respectivamente, compara.
A doutora em Economia Agrria aposta que um dos fatores contribuintes para os resultados dspares o nvel de adoo dos pacotes tecnol-
gicos (variedades e sistemas de produo) adequados s micro e mesorregies que, embora difundidos e disponveis, ainda muito baixo. Essa
constatao reflete o cenrio de enfraquecimento dos servios de extenso e de assistncia tcnica nos ltimos anos no Brasil, salvo raras exce-
es em alguns estados, comenta.

As principais MAIN FRUIT 43

Slvio vila

In great style

O
It is now the most produced and consumed fruit in Brazil, keeping
the supply chain on a rising trend over the past growing seasons
On the list of all fruits, the banana is still Cruz das Almas, State of Bahia, reiterates zil are the Northeast and the Southeast,
one of the national preferences. In Brazil- that, currently, production is on the rise. with an estimated production volume of
ian territory, it is the second most cultivated The Systematic Survey of Agricultural Pro- 2,372,63 tons and 2,215,015 tons, respec-
and consumed fruit. Oranges rank as first. duction (LSPA), of the Brazilian Institute tively, in 2015.15. The biggest volumes are
As a rule, bananas are consumed fresh, and of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), sug- harvested in So Paulo (1,155,306 tons),
are frequently used as ingredients in a vari- gests that the area devoted to bananas in Bahia (994,917 tons) and Minas Gerais
ety of recipes. Although being in strong de- 2015 is supposed to have reached 481,439 (795,925 tons), according to IBGE sourc-
mand, offer and demand remained stable in hectares, against 478,060 in the previous es. The most cultivated varieties include
2015 except in instances of severe disease year. Variations in tons are estimated at plantain bananas or long bananas, Caven-
outbreaks, like Black Sigatoka in the North 0.95%, jumping from 6,946,567 in 2014 to dish (Dwarf and Super Dwarf ), Prata and
of the Country, with an impact particularly 7,012,901 in 2015. The activity comprises Dwarf Prata.
strong upon the banana plantations in Par. about 800 thousand producing units, and According to urea, now less than 2% of
Economist urea Albuquerque, from most of them are family farming operations. the entire crop is exported. Over the past
Embrapa Cassava and Fruit Farming, in The main producing regions in Bra- five years, the researcher says that the big-

44
 National production
amounted to 7
million tons in 2015

gest volume was shipped abroad in 2011,
approximately 110 thousand tons, repre-
senting about 1.5% of the entire Brazilian
crop. Data released by the Secretariat of For-
eign Trade (Secex), linked to the Ministry of
Development, Industry and Foreign Trade
(MDIC), point to shipments amounting to
81 thousand tons in 2015.
Export volumes have been on the de-
cline over the past five years, he ascer-
tains. In 2014, shipments totaled 84 thou-
sand tons, against 99 thousand tons in
2013 and 96 thousand tons in 2012. The
countries that import bananas from Brazil
are Uruguay, Argentina, the United King- 24,916,992.00 from banana exports, against
dom, Holland, Germany and Spain. In the US$ 31,750,237.00 in 2014. It represents a
last period, the supply chain raked in US$ decrease of 21.52%.
VOCAO NACIONAL National vocation
Produo brasileira de bananas - Safra 2015
Regio rea colhida (hectares) Produo (toneladas)
Nordeste 179.459 2.214.015
Sudeste 144.117 2.372.763
Norte 84.920 1.029.094
Sul 52.386 1.113.513
Centro-Oeste 20.575 283.516
Total 481.439 7.012.901
Fonte: Levantamento Sistemtico da Produo Agrcola (LSPA), do IBGE.

TECHNIFICATION
The productivity of Brazils banana plantations continues within expected patterns, with no unexpected results for the sector. A rough estimate
indicates that in 2015 average production will remain at 14,567 kilograms per hectare, with a slight increase compared to the 14,531 kilograms in
the past growing season. Researcher urea Albuquerque maintains that the low average production results from the lack of technification. In the
States of Rio Grande do Norte and Par, where production is highly technified, yields reach 30 and 25 tons per hectare, respectively, she compares.
urea, PhD in Agricultural Economics, maintains that one of the factors that account for the dissimilar results is the adoption of technological
packages (varieties and production systems) adjusted to the micro and meso regions which, though well known and available, are rarely used. This
ascertainment reflects the scenario of poor extension services and deficient technical assistance over the past years in Brazil, with rare exceptions
in some states, she comments.

As principais MAIN FRUIT 45

Inor Ag. Assmann

A
Brasil um dos nicos
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
pases que ainda consegue
XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
atender seus clientes
46
Laranja ORANGE laranja
Vitamine-se

A
Mesmo com o menor consumo mundial de suco
de laranja, reduo dos estoques mundiais do
produto promete ajustar a oferta e a demanda
A concorrncia com outras bebidas tem feito com que o
consumo de suco de laranja no mundo venha caindo ano a
ano. Essa mudana de hbitos atinge, inevitavelmente, a pro-
duo brasileira da fruta. O excesso de oferta deixa o setor em
alerta, embora os estoques globais de suco de laranja nacional
tenham recuado 273.173 toneladas entre dezembro de 2014 e
dezembro de 2015, segundo levantamento da Associao Na-
cional dos Exportadores de Sucos Ctricos (CitrusBR). A di-
ferena de -27,3%, baixando de 1.002.038 toneladas para
728.865 toneladas em 2015.
A auditoria independente encomendada pela entidade jun-
to aos associados ainda indica que a expectativa de que os es-
toques globais de suco de laranja concentrado venham a ser
de 292.385 toneladas em 30 de junho de 2016. Essa proje-
o, se confirmada, representar reduo de 218.008 toneladas
(-42,7%) em relao s 510.393 toneladas em poder das empre-
sas associadas em 30 de junho de 2015, conforme j informado
ao mercado, destaca o diretor-executivo da CitrusBR, Ibiapaba
Netto, em relatrio oficial da associao, divulgado em fevereiro.
A pesquisadora Fernanda Geraldini Palmieri, do Centro de
Estudos Avanados em Economia Aplicada (Cepea), da Escola
Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz (Esalq), vinculada Uni-
versidade de So Paulo (USP), reitera que a expectativa encer-
rar a temporada 2015/16 em baixos patamares, uma vez que a
previso aponta produo limitada em So Paulo e no Tringulo
Mineiro. A baixa rentabilidade se deve, segundo a profissional,
seca no final de 2014, que limitou o pegamen-
to das floradas; aos baixos investimentos do pro-
dutores, por conta dos preos baixos dos anos re-
centes; e reduo do parque citrcola. Com isso, a
oferta deve ficar mais ajustada demanda, projeta.
A especialista destaca que a oferta de laranja nas prin-
cipais regies produtoras do Brasil deve ser novamente li-
mitada na safra 2016/17. Essa tendncia, aliada previso de
que os estoques de suco iniciem a temporada em baixos pa-
tamares, aponta que haver elevada necessidade de matria-
-prima por parte das indstrias, o que pode sustentar os pre-
os. Do lado da demanda, apesar da tendncia de reduo no
consumo de suco nos principais consumidores, a baixa produ-
o de laranja na Flrida pode continuar garantindo mercado
ao produto brasileiro, refora.
Conforme Fernanda, os Estados Unidos tm enfrentado
problemas com a doena Greening nos pomares, reduzindo a
produo anualmente, enquanto a China apesar de produ-
zir bons volumes de laranja destina suas colheitas basica-
mente para consumo nacional. Esse conjunto de fatores faz
com o Brasil seja um dos nicos pases que ainda conse-
gue, em volume, atender demanda dos principais com-
pradores, que so a Unio Europeia e os prprios Es-
tados Unidos. Ao final da safra 2015/16, a expectativa
da CitrusBR de que os embarques de suco de la-
ranja brasileiro atinjam 1,07 milho de toneladas.

OS GRANDES
O Levantamento Sistemtico da Produo Agrcola (Sidra), do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatstica (IBGE), projeta que o Brasil
deve colher 16.273.635 toneladas de laranja no ano safra 2015/16. O balano foi divulgado pela entidade no final de 2015. A estimativa
de que a rea colhida no perodo chegue a 693.161 hectares. Atualmente, as maiores regies produtoras nacionais so Sudeste e Nordeste,
com 496.953 e 112.143 hectares de pomares de laranja, respectivamente. Entre os estados, os campees produtivos so So Paulo, Minas
Gerais e Bahia, com colheitas projetadas em 1.749.470, 987.363 toneladas e 985.650 toneladas no atual ciclo.

As principais MAIN FRUIT 47

 Vitamin c

C
Despite the decline in orange juice consumption in the world, a reduction in global
stocks of the product is likely to bring supply and demand back into balance
Competition with other beverages is The independent audit requested by the from the Center for Applied Studies on Ad-
blamed for the ever-declining orange juice entity and its associated members indicates vanced Economics (Cepea), of the Luiz de
consumption in the world. The change in that the expectation is for global concen- Queiroz Agriculture College (Esalq), a divi-
daily habits inevitably affects the produc- trated orange juice stocks to reach 292,385 sion of the University of So Paulo (USP), re-
tion of the fruit in Brazil. Excessive sup- tons on 30 June 2016. This projection, iterates that the expectation is for bringing
ply leaves the sector on the alert, although should it confirm, will represent a reduction the 2015/16 growing season to a close with
the global stocks of oranges have fallen by of 218,008 tons (-42.7%) from the 510,393 low ending stocks, once all estimates point to
273,173 tons from December 2014 to De- tons possessed by the associated companies limited production in So Paulo and in Trin-
cember 2015, according to sources from on 30 June 2015, and the market has been gulo Mineiro. According to the researcher
the National Association of Citrus Juice informed about it, says CitrusBR executive the blame for the low productivity rates goes
Exporters (CitrusBR). The difference is director Ibiapaba Netto, in the official report to drought conditions in late 2014, which ad-
-27.3%, dropping from 1,002,038 tons to of the association, published in February. versely affected the flowering stage; to the
728,865 tons in 2015. Researcher Fernanda Geraldini Palmieri, low investments by the farmers, on account

48

of the recent low prices; and to the reduction
in citrus plantations. It will keep supply in
line with demand, she projects.
The specialist has it that the supply of
oranges in the main producing regions
in Brazil should again be limited in the
2016/17 growing season. This trend, along
with the projection for low juice stocks at
the start of the growing season, points to
the industrys urgent need for raw materi-
al, a fact that could keep prices high. From
the demand side, in spite of the trend for
a reduction in the consumption of orange
juice in all major consuming countries, the
smaller than expected orange crop in Flor-
Inor Ag. Assmann
Brazil is one of the only
countries that still meets
the needs of its clients
ida could sustain the market for the Brazil- domestic consumption. This set of factors
ian product, she reiterates. turns Brazil into one of the few countries
According to Fernanda, the United States that still manages to supply the volumes re-
has faced problems related to the greening quested by the main buyers, the European
disease in the orchards, with a negative im- Union and the United States. At the end of
pact on annual production, whilst China the 2015/16 growing season, CitrusBRs ex-
although producing huge volumes of or- pectation is for Brazilian juice shipments to
anges destines its oranges mainly for reach 1.07 million tons.
SABOR GENUNO Genuine taste
Exportao de suco de laranja do Brasil
Suco 2013 2014 2015
US$ 2.295.367.984 1.966.087.424 1.867.263.191
Peso (Kg) 2.120.408.707 1.928.234.589 2.007.853.762
Fonte: Agrostat/Mapa.

THE BIG ONES

The Systematic Survey of Agricultural Production (Sidra, in the Portuguese acronym), by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics
(IBGE), projects Brazils crop at 16,273,635 tons of oranges at the 2015/16 growing season. The estimate was published in the 2015/16 grow-
ing season. The area devoted to oranges is expected to reach 693,161 hectares. Currently, the biggest orange producing regions are the South-
east and the Northeast, with 496,953 and 112,143 hectares of orange orchards, respectively. The leading orange production states are So Pau-
lo, Minas Gerais and Bahia, with production volumes projected at 1,749,470, 987,363 tons and 985.650 tons in the present growing season.

As principais MAIN FRUIT 49

Slvio vila

O
Vendas externas de limo
totalizaram 96,6 milhes
de quilos em 2015
50
Limo Lemon limo
Longe de ser azedo

O
Exportao da fruta nacional cresce ano a ano
e conquista o paladar do mundo, em especial da
Europa, agregando rentabilidade aos agricultores
O limo made in Brazil continua sua escalada de suces-
so e de reconhecimento mundial. Mais uma vez, os nmeros
da exportao bateram recorde em 2015, quando os embar-
ques somaram 96.631.634 quilos. O crescimento de 4,69%
em comparao a 2014, quando foram exportados 92.301.008
quilos de limes e limas. Os nmeros so das Estatsticas do
Comrcio Exterior do Agronegcio Brasileiro (Agrostat), do
Ministrio da Agricultura, Pecuria e Abastecimento (Mapa).
Segundo a analista de mercado de citrus Fernanda Geral-
dini Palmieri, do Centro de Estudos Avanados em Economia
Aplicada (Cepea), da Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de
Queiroz (Esalq), vinculada Universidade de So Paulo (USP),
o progresso acontece ano a ano. A lima cida tahiti, principal
fruta do grupo de limes e limas produzida pelo Brasil, tem
ganhado mercado no exterior, tanto na Europa, principal des-
tino, quanto em outros ambientes, como no Oriente Mdio,
frisa. Para a pesquisadora, a popularizao da fruta fora do
Pas explica o aumento do volume.
Em dlares, pelo balano da Agrostat, houve retrao no
rendimento dos embarques. A diminuio chega a 18,21%,
passando de US$ 96.099.286 em 2014 para US$ 78.600.751
em 2015. Na anlise de Fernanda, a nica explicao para a
reduo na receita a valorizao do dlar frente ao real, pois
em moeda nacional o valor recebido pela
fruta ficou superior. Para a prxima safra, a es-
pecialista vislumbra expectativas positivas, nova-
mente com cenrio favorvel para a atividade.
O dlar segue valorizado e, aparentemente, tende a
continuar assim. Isso torna o produto atrativo fora, ao mes-
mo tempo em que deixa os preos altos aos comerciantes na-
cionais, justifica. Alm disso, argumenta que a safra brasilei-
ra, principalmente durante o primeiro trimestre, deve ser de
boa produo por conta das chuvas bem-distribudas no final
de 2015 e no incio de 2016. Do lado da demanda, ainda temos
boas expectativas devido popularizao da fruta, acrescenta.
O ltimo dado oficial sobre a produo de limes no Pas
aponta colheita superior a 1,1 milho de toneladas, em rea
de cerca de 43.586 hectares. De acordo com a pesquisa Pro-
duo Agrcola Municipal (PAM), da Coordenao de Agro-
pecuria do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatstica
(IBGE), em 2014 os maiores estados produtores eram
So Paulo, no Sudeste, com 764.515 toneladas; Bahia,
no Nordeste, com 67.559 toneladas; Par, no Norte,
com 35.669 toneladas; e Rio Grande do Sul e Gois,
no Sul e no Centro-Oeste, com, respectivamente,
17.148 toneladas cada.

DESTAQUE PRODUTIVO
O municpio de Itajobi, em So Paulo, atualmente o maior produtor de limo do Brasil, com cerca de 1 milho de ps. A cidade orgulha-se de
ser reconhecida como a Capital Mundial do Limo, sobressaindo-se na produo de lima cida (limo tahiti). H em torno de 600 produtores rurais
envolvidos na cadeia produtiva, em rea estimada de 4 mil hectares e com produtividade mdia anual de 25 mil quilos por hectare.
Juntamente com outros municpio vizinhos, como Marapoama, Urups, Novo Horizonte e Pindorama, responde por mais de 70% da produo
paulista de limo. Conforme o engenheiro agrnomo Marcos Traldi, chefe da Casa de Agricultura de Itajobi, a cadeia produtiva contribui diretamen-
te com a economia do municpio, que hoje mantm oito postos de combustvel e quatro agncias bancrias para a populao de 17 mil habitantes.
A fruta proporciona padro de vida diferenciado para os produtores, em relao a outras culturas, destaca.
Para 2016, Traldi pondera que o municpio projeta manter sua produo, na casa das 100 mil toneladas, e driblar problemas registrados no ci-
clo anterior, como doenas nos pomares e altos custos de cultivo. Segundo o especialista, apesar das dificuldades produtivas, o campo mantm o
padro de qualidade do limo brasileiro, que cada vez mais conquista novas fronteiras. A estrutura de exportao, com a capacitao das citrco-
las, apontada como diferencial para inflar o volume de negcios entre o Brasil e o mundo.

As principais MAIN FRUIT 51

 Far from being sour

L
Exports of the national fruit are rising year after year and conquering
the palate of the world, especially in Europe, propping up farmers profits
Lemons from Brazil continue on the nanda Geraldini Palmieri, from the Cen- that the popularity of the fruit abroad ex-
right track and are earning global recog- ter for Applied Studies on Advanced Eco- plains the bigger volume.
nition. Once again, exports hit record nomics (Cepea), of the Luiz de Queiroz In dollars, according to Agrostat sourc-
numbers in 2015, when shipments to- College of Agriculture (Esalq), a divi- es, the profits from the shipments have
taled 96,631,634 kilograms, up 4.69% sion of the University of So Paulo (USP), shrunk. The reduction reaches 18.21%,
from 2014, when lemon and lime exports progress is taking place year after year. from US$ 96,099,286 in 2014 to US$
amounted to 92,301,008 kilograms. The The acid Tahiti lime, main fruit of the 78,600,751 in 2015. Fernanda has it that
figures were released by the Statistics De- lemons and limes group produced in the only explanation for the smaller reve-
partment of Brazilian Agribusiness Foreign Brazil, has conquered markets abroad, nue is the high value of the dollar against
Trade (Agrostat), of the Ministry of Agricul- both in Europe, main destination, and the Brazilian currency, once in the nation-
ture, Livestock and Food Supply (Mapa). in other countries, like the Middle East, al currency revenue from the fruit is big-
According to citrus market analyst Fer- she explains. The researcher understands ger. For the next crop, the specialist spots
Inor Ag. Assmann

LIMO Lemon
Do Brasil para o mundo
Limo 2014 2015 Variao
US$ 96.099.286 78.600.751 (-18,21%)
Quilos 92.301.008 96.631.634 (4,69%)
Fonte: Agrostat/Mapa.

52
positive expectations, again pointing to a
favorable scenario for the activity.
The dollar continues highly valued and,
seemingly, there are no changes in sight.
This makes the fruit attractive abroad and, at
the same time, the national traders are tak-
ing advantage of the good prices, she justi-
fies. Furthermore, she argues that the Brazil-
ian crop, especially in the first quarter of the
year, is expected to be big and of good quali-
ty, and the credit goes to the well distributed
rainfalls in late 2015 and early 2016.
The latest official figure on the produc-
tion of lemons in the Country points to a
crop of upwards of 1.1 million tons, from
an area of approximately 43,586 hect-
ares. According to the Municipal Agricul-
tural Production (PAM) survey, of the Ag-
ricultural Coordination Department of the
Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statis-
tics (IBGE), in 2014, the leading producers
were the states of So Paulo, in the South- with 35,669 tons; and Rio Grande do Sul
east, with 764,515 tons; Bahia, in the North- and Gois, in the South and in the Center-
east, with 67,559 tons; Par, in the North, West, with 17,148 tons each.
PRODUCTIVE HIGHLIGHT
The municipality of Itajobi, in So Paulo, is currently the leading lemon producer in Brazil, with about 1
million trees. The city is proud of being known as the World Lemon Capital, and acid limes (tahiti lime) are pre-
dominantly produced there. The supply chain comprises approximately 600 farmers, and the planted area is
estimated at 4 thousand hectares, with average annual productivity of 25 thousand kilograms per hectare.
Jointly with other neighboring municipalities, like Marapoama, Urups, Novo Horizonte and Pin-
dorama, it accounts for upwards of 70% of the lemon crop in So Paulo. According to agronomic
engineer Marcos Traldi, head of the Agriculture House the supply chain contributes directly towards
the economy of the municipality, which is now home to eight filling stations and four bank agencies
for a population of 17 thousand people. The fruit is responsible for the producers discerning quali-
ty of life, compared to other crops, he emphasizes.
For 2016, Traldi ponders that the municipality is planning to keep its production, something like
100 thousand tons, and find a way around the problems of the previous growing season, like out-
breaks of orchard diseases and high production costs. According to the specialist, despite the produc-
tive difficulties, the farmers continue producing Brazilian style quality lemons, which are conquering
new frontiers all the time. The export structure, with the qualification of citrus plants, is viewed as
the big difference when it comes to boosting the businesses between Brazil and the world.
Foreign lemon sales
amount to 96.6 million
kilograms in 2015
As principais MAIN FRUIT 53
Inor Ag. Assmann

A cor e o sabor dos frutos

destacam-se nos pomares
do Sul do Brasil

54
Ma APPLE ma

O sumo e o sabor

O
Safra 2015/16 de ma repete boa qualidade da
anterior, que garantiu recuperao de exportaes
e diminuio da entrada de fruta estrangeira
O volume no chega a corresponder expectativa, xos, registrou leve reduo. Irlanda (3),
mas a apresentao do produto deve tentar mais uma Alemanha (7) e Emirados rabes (10)
vez o consumidor do Brasil e do mundo. A ma brasi- aumentaram bem as compras. Nas impor-
leira, colhida basicamente em regies altas do Sul, deve taes, agora mais do Chile que da Argenti-
registrar no ciclo 2015/16 produo em quantidade se- na, ocorreu diminuio, de 33,7%. Os sucos de
melhante passada, com possvel queda, previu a Asso- ma, por sua vez, tambm recuperaram exporta-
ciao Brasileira de Produtores (ABPM), em janeiro de o, na ordem de 48,6%, com destaque para Esta-
2016. A plena capacidade de produo no foi atingida dos Unidos e frica do Sul.
devido ao inverno irregular e ao excesso de chuva na pri- Ainda no que se refere ao tamanho da produo
mavera, mas, apesar de algumas ocorrncias de grani- nacional, o Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Esta-
zo, no geral, a nova safra tem frutos com aspecto colorido tstica (IBGE) apresentou em dezembro estimativa de
e de tima qualidade, acentuou a entidade. reduo de 7,7% na safra 2015/16, que ficaria em cer-
Na sua manifestao, aponta como nota negativa os ca de 1,27 milho de toneladas, contra 1,38 milho de
custos de produo, que tiveram aumento importante as- toneladas da anterior. A ABPM ainda no adiantou per-
sociado a reajustes, em especial com mo de obra, ener- centual da provvel queda admitida, enquanto fechou
gia eltrica, combustveis e insumos impactados pela alta o nmero da etapa 2014/15 em 1,14 milho de tonela-
do dlar. Em relao ao mercado em 2016, a instituio das, referente aos trs estados do Sul, e principais pro-
indica percentuais da safra para destino interno e externo dutores (Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina e Paran),
tambm muito semelhantes aos do ltimo ano, com vis que j representara pequeno recuo sobre o nmero
de aumento na oferta de exportao, o que j ocorreu do ciclo anterior.
em 2015. Para tanto, contriburam o dlar alto e a boa De qualquer forma, ainda que os volumes recuem
qualidade da produo, mencionou, por sua vez, anlise nas duas temporadas, a qualidade do produto positi-
do Centro de Estudos Avanados em Economia Aplicada va e permite atender ao paladar do consumidor inter-
(Cepea), da Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Quei- no e externo, nas suas variedades mais expressivas.
roz (Esalq), vinculada Universidade de So Paulo (USP). Como lembra Luiz Carlos Argenta, pesquisador da
As exportaes tiveram recuperao em relao Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuria e Extenso Ru-
a 2014, com aumento de 35,7% no volume. A Rssia, ral de Santa Catarina (Epagri), no Anurio Brasi-
com embargo de vrios pases, figurou entre os princi- leiro da Ma 2015, o Pas oferece variedades
pais compradores do produto brasileiro (em 6 lugar). conhecidas em mbito mundial pelo aroma e
O maior continuou sendo Bangladesh, que inclusive pelo sabor exuberantes, como a Gala, e pela
ampliou aquisies, enquanto o segundo, Pases Bai- crocncia e suculncia, como a Fuji.

As principais MAIN FRUIT 55

 The juice
and the flavor
Quality of the 2015/16 apple crop is a repeat of the previous year,
which revitalized exports and reduced imports of the fruit
T
Slvio vila

ingls

56
T
The volume does not live up to expecta-
tions, but the appearance of the fruit should
again lure consumers at home and abroad.
According to numbers released by the Bra-
zilian Association of Apple Growers (ABPM),
in January 2016, the size of the Brazilian
2015/16 apple crop, almost in its entire-
ty grown in South Brazil, is estimated to re-
main at, or below last years volume. the full
growing capacity was not attained due to er-
ratic winter weather conditions and exces-
sive rainfall in spring, but, despite some
hailstorm occurrences, in general, the fruits
are of excellent quality and attractive in col-
or, entity sources commented.
Negative factors, pointed out by the entity
officials, include the high production costs,
which rose considerably in association with
higher labor, electric energy and fuel costs,
along with inputs, whose prices are chained
to the dollar. With regard to the market in
2016, the institution points to crop percent-
ages similar to last year, both for the domestic
and foreign market, with chances for an in-
crease in exports, a fact that has already oc-
curred in 2015. To this end, substantial con-
tribution came from the highly valued dollar
and the good quality of the crop, accord-
ing to an analysis by the Center for Applied
Studies on Advanced Economics (Cepea), of
the Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture,
linked to the University of So Paulo (USP).
Exports made a good recovery from
2014, up 35.7% in volume. Russia, due to
embargoes by several countries, was a ma-
jor purchaser of Brazilian apples (ranking
as 6th).The leading buyer, as usual, was
Bangladesh, a country that increased its
imports, while the second biggest buyer,
the Netherlands, slightly reduced their im-
ports. Ireland (3rd). Germany (7th) and
United Arab Emirates (10th) increased
their purchases. With regard to imports,
mostly from Argentina and Chile, there
was a decrease of 33.7%. Apple juices, in
turn, also made a recovery in exports, by
some 48.6%, and the leading buyers were
the United States and South Africa.
Still with regard to the size of the na-
tional crop, the Brazilian Institute of Geog-
raphy and Statistics (IBGE), in December,
estimated a 7.7% reduction in the 2015/16
crop, reaching some 1.27 million tons,
compared to 1.38 million tons in the pre-
vious year. ABPM has not yet come up with
the probable percentage in reduction,
while the final numbers of the 2014/15
crop, including the three southern states,
point to 1.14 million tons, and the major
producers: Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Ca-
tarina and Paran. The total represents a
slight decrease from the previous cycle.
Anyway, although the numbers have
been declining over the past two seasons,
the quality of the apples is positive and pleas-
es the palate of domestic and foreign con-
sumers, with an expressive number of variet-
ies. Within this context, Luiz Carlos Argenta,
researcher at the Santa Catarina State Rural
Extension and Agricultural Research Com-
pany (Epagri), had already expressed his
viewpoint in the 2015 Apple Yearbook, the
Country offers varieties known at home and
abroad, and they are famous for their exuber-
ant flavor and aroma, like the Gala apple, and
crisp and succulent Fuji apples.

A MA BRASILEIRA Brazilian apple

ANOS 2014 2015
rea colhida (ha) 37.041 36.128
Produo (t) 1.378.617 1.271.941
Produtividade (kg/ha) 37.219 35.207
Fonte: IBGE/LSPA Dezembro 2015
Exportao da fruta (US$) 31.932.489 40.656.854
Exportao da fruta (kg) 44.298.296 60.113.141
Exportao do suco (US$) 21.961.473 26.004.930
Exportao do suco (kg) 15.837.225 23.533.215
Ma importada (US$) 112.091.553 66.971.562
Ma importada (kg) 116.719.323 77.412.548
Fonte: Agrostat/Mapa.

The flavor and color of the

fruits in the orchards of
South Brazil are very special
As principais MAIN FRUIT 57
Slvio vila

A
Esprito Santo ainda
manteve a liderana nas
exportaes de mamo
58
 mamo
Mamo PAPAYA

Por ar e mar

A
Fruta tropical amplia sadas para o exterior
em 2015, com cmbio favorvel e mais embarques
nos estados do Cear e do Rio Grande do Norte
A rea brasileira de mamo caiu em 2015, mas a ex-
portao do produto subiu. Se a crise hdrica restringiu
cultivos, de modo especial no Rio Grande do Norte, por
outro lado o mesmo Estado ficou prximo do Esprito
Santo na liderana da exportao, na qual tambm cres-
ceu fortemente o Cear. No total, de acordo com as in-
formaes oficiais, o volume exportado, que feito em
sua maior parte por avio, aumentou 18,2%, e igualmen-
te pela via martima, na regio Nordeste.
A produo da fruta, pelo levantamento fechado do
Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatstica (IBGE), e
relativo a 2014, ficou em nveis semelhantes aos do ano
anterior, com ligeiro crescimento. Mas pesquisa feita em
2015 pelo Centro de Estudos Avanados em Economia
Aplicada (Cepea), da Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz
de Queiroz (Esalq), da Universidade de So Paulo (USP),
junto s principais regies produtoras, apontou queda
da rea para este ano, na ordem de 3,5%.
Percentual maior foi verificado no Rio Grande do Nor-
te (-26,7%), em especial devido falta de gua, enquanto
no Oeste da Bahia o ndice negativo seria de 10%, devido
a altos custos e volatilidade de preos. As maiores reas
produtoras, Sul da Bahia e Esprito Santo (os dois estados
so, pela ordem, os principais produtores), teriam manti-
do o mesmo nvel de cultivo, assim como o Norte de Mi-
nas Gerais, que, no entanto, pela ocorrncia de mosai-
co, deve reduzir investimentos em 2016.
Cear e Rio Grande do Norte ainda
esto entre os cinco expoentes da produ-
o nacional de mamo e ganham espao na
venda externa. Para tanto, contribui fator logs-
tico. Alm de possurem clima e solo muito favo-
rveis ao cultivo da fruta, os dois estados tm faci-
lidade maior para exportaes martimas, gerando
mais volume de vendas, rpido escoamento da fru-
ta e tempo de trnsito menor para a Europa do que
outros estados brasileiros, observa Rodrigo Martins,
presidente da Associao Brasileira dos Produtores e
Exportadores de Papaya (Brapex).
O fato, segundo ele, contribuiu para o aumento to-
tal das exportaes brasileiras da fruta em 2015, pois
frete martimo mais baixo que o areo permite preos
mais atrativos ao consumidor final e, assim, maiores vo-
lumes exportados. O outro fator, citado antes, foi a
desvalorizao cambial, que, apesar de no ser sau-
dvel economia brasileira, favoreceu o exportador,
pela maior competitividade do seu produto no ex-
terior, assinala Martins. Com dlar e euro mais
valorizados, os produtores conseguem maio-
res retornos na venda ao exterior e at baixar
o preo nestas moedas, podendo promover
volume maior de vendas, explana.

AINDA RESTRITOS
Pases europeus e os Estados Unidos so os principais compradores do mamo do Brasil. O mercado externo aprecia muito a papaya brasilei-
ra, porm a tratam como fruta tropical e extica, e a preferem transportada por via area, o que a torna mais cara e, assim, atinge apenas as classes
mais altas e volumes restritos, comenta Rodrigo Martins, presidente da Associao Brasileira dos Produtores e Exportadores de Papaya (Brapex).
Isto explicaria por que, mesmo com aumento, os embarques ainda so baixos (ao redor de 2,5%) em proporo produo.
Em vista disso, outro aspecto enfatizado por Martins, sobre a cultura, a necessidade de um estudo maior da cadeia, de modo especial no sen-
tido de conservao da fruta por maior tempo. Alm disso, o presidente da Brapex defende a importncia de que sejam desenvolvidos estudos de
melhoramentos genticos, para termos maiores produtividades, aliando bom sabor e maior resistncia da fruta.

As principais MAIN FRUIT 59

 By air and sea

T
Tropical fruit expands its transportation routes abroad in 2015, with a favorable
exchange rate and more shipments from the states of Cear and Rio Grande do Norte

The area devoted to papaya dropped
in 2015, but exports of the fruit went up.
If, for one thing, the drought conditions
adversely affected the cultivations of the
fruit, especially in Rio Grande do Norte,
on the other hand, the State got very
close to the State of Esprito Santo in the
leadership of exports, at which the State
of Cear has made strides, too. In all, ac-
cording to official information, the vol-
ume shipped abroad, most of it by plane,
was up 18.2%, but sea transportation is
also common in the Northeast.
The production of the fruit, according
to a survey by the Brazilian Institute of Ge-
ography and Statistics (IBGE), relative to
2014, remained at levels similar to the pre-
vious year, with a slight increase. Howev-
er, a 2015 survey of the main papaya grow-
ing regions, conducted by the Center for
Applied Studies on Advanced Economics
(Cepea), of the Luiz de Queiroz College of
Agriculture (Esalq), at the University of So
Paulo (USP), pointed to a 3.5-percent drop

60
in the area devoted to papaya this year.
A higher percentage was ascertained in
Rio Grande do Norte (-26.7%), particular-
ly due to dry weather conditions, while in
Western Bahia a 10-percent drop was as-
certained, due to high production costs
and price volatility. The biggest papaya
producing regions, South Bahia and Es-
prito Santo (the two states are respective-
ly the main producers), are believed to
have cultivated the same area, just like the
North region in Minas Gerais, which, how-
ever, due to mosaic outbreaks, should re-
duce investments in 2016.
Cear and Rio Grande do Norte still be-
long to the group of the five leading pa-
paya producers in Brazil and are increas-
ing their share in shipments abroad. To
this end, the logistic factor has a say. Be-
Slvio vila
Esprito
Santo still
maintained its
leadership
in papaya
exports
sides taking advantage of favorable climate into more attractive prices for final con-
and soil conditions for the production of sumers and, therefore, more volumes ex-
papaya, the two states are favored by the ported. The other previously mentioned
proximity of sea ports, making it easier to factor was the devaluation of the Brazilian
ship bigger volumes that do not take long currency, which, though being harmful to
to reach Europe, compared to other Bra- the Brazilian economy, favored exporters,
zilian states, observes Rodrigo Martins, making their products more competitive
president of the Brazilian Association of abroad, says Martins. With the dollar and
Papaya Producers and Exporters (Brapex). euro highly valued, producers managed to
This fact, according to him, contribut- get better returns from their sales abroad,
ed towards the total exports of Brazilian and even reduce prices in their currencies,
papaya in 2015, because lower maritime thus paving the way for bigger shipments
freight, compared to air freight, results abroad, he explains.
PAPAYA DO BRASIL Papaya from Brazil
ANOS 2013 2014
rea colhida (ha) 31.989 32.031
Produo (t) 1.582.638 1.603.351
Valor da produo (mil R$) 1.209.777 1.210.732
ANOS 2014 2015
Exportao (kg) 33.688.192 39.798.647
Exportao (US$) 47.058.855 43.675.555
Maiores estados produtores/2014/toneladas
Bahia 794.565
Esprito Santo 399.790
Cear 98.773
Minas Gerais 90.052
Rio Grande do Norte 69.956
Maiores estados exportadores/2015/kg
Esprito Santo 12.034.498
Rio Grande do Norte 11.110.695
Bahia 6.981.977
Cear 5.614.457
Paraba 3.200.005
Fontes: IBGE/PAM 2014 e Agrostat/Mapa.
STILL RESTRICTED
European countries and the United States are major buyers of Brazilian papaya. The foreign
market is very fond of the papaya produced in Brazil, but the buyers still treat this fruit as tropical
and exotic, and have a preference for air transportation, making it more expensive and, therefore, it
only reaches the upper classes, resulting into restricted volumes, comments Rodrigo Martins, pres-
ident of the Brazilian Association of Papaya Producers and Exporters (Brapex). It seems to explain
why, although exports have soared, the shipments are still small (about 2.5%) of the entire crop.
In view of this, another factor emphasized by Martins, regarding the crop, is the need for a deep-
er study by the supply chain, particularly focused on the conservation of the fruit for longer periods
of time. Furthermore, the president of Brapex insists on the need to carry out genetic enhance-
ment studies, aimed at increasing the productivity rates, combining good taste and higher resis-
tance of the fruit.
As principais MAIN FRUIT 61
Inor Ag. Assmann

nem todos os produtores

de manga no brasil tm
o que comemorar

62
 manga
Manga mangoES

Choveu no pomar

S
Aps um incio de ano com muitas incertezas,
graas ao cmbio e s chuvas no final de 2015 o
setor de mangas teve uma temporada melhor
Se o ano de 2015 comeou com incertezas para os
produtores de manga do Vale do So Francisco, que no
tinham garantias de receber gua nos permetros irriga-
dos, pelo nvel crtico dos reservatrios, acabou com chu-
vas oportunas e resultados de exportao e preos alm do
esperado. Alguns pequenos produtores tiveram prejuzos
em virtude de perdas na produtividade, pois o excesso de
calor afetou o rendimento. Mas, no geral, o ano foi bom.
Quando no chove, reduz-se a incidncia de pragas
e doenas. Mas, sem chuvas, a temperatura ficou acima
da mdia. Em pleno semirido, mesmo sob irrigao, o
calor afeta a produtividade, tanto o tamanho quanto o
peso ou o formato dos frutos, que ficam irregulares. O
rendimento caiu 25% em alguns pomares, e derrubou a
mdia do Vale, que responde por 85% das exportaes.
Com os bons preos praticados no mercado externo,
pela valorizao do dlar sobre a moeda brasileira, hou-
ve fruticultores que reinduziam a florao aps a colhei-
ta para fazerem duas ou at trs safras em sequncia. Po-
rm, sob estresse, os pomares no geraram a quantidade
de mangas premium desejada, frustrando a expectativa
de comercializao.
Os polos baiano, de Livramento de Nossa Senhora, e
mineiro, de Jaba e Janaba, tambm so-
freram com seca e altas temperaturas, mas
tiveram boa remunerao no mercado inter-
no, com percentuais de 70% a 240% acima do
custo de produo, respectivamente, para as varie-
dades Tommy e Palmer. Em 2016, em funo do ma-
nejo adotado, o Norte de Minas ter pico de colheita
em maio, e a Bahia em junho e julho.
O socioeconomista Joo Ricardo de Lima, da Embra-
pa Semirido, de Petrolina (PE), destaca que o mercado do-
mstico da fruta manteve remunerao estvel, acima do
custo de produo. No mercado externo, alavancado pelo
cmbio e pela menor oferta de frutas top, a manga brasilei-
ra alcanou bons resultados. Mesmo vendendo pela co-
tao de 2015, o produtor ganhou na converso da moe-
da, explica. Na mdia, o Pas vendeu o quilo da fruta por
US$ 1,20, mas alguns exportadores alcanaram US$ 2,00.
As vendas, em queda e com perspetivas negativas, vol-
taram a crescer, alcanando volume de 156 mil tone-
ladas e US$ 184 milhes. A inadimplncia dos clien-
tes diminuiu. Por outro lado, o custo de produo
cresceu, com reajustes de mo de obra, energia,
combustveis e insumos, que so dolarizados.

QUANTO VALE
O Vale do So Francisco, na fronteira entre Bahia e Pernambuco, representou 84% das exportaes brasileiras de manga em 2015: embarcou
131,5 mil toneladas e faturou US$ 147 milhes. Convertido, o valor representa R$ 588 milhes, com o dlar a R$ 4,00. Os maiores clientes so Unio
Europeia (93,6 mil toneladas) e Estados Unidos (27 mil toneladas), e o restante pulverizado entre Canad e outros pases. O Brasil concentra as
vendas entre setembro e dezembro, perodo em que concorrentes, como Equador e Peru, saem do mercado. A receita com a manga foi a mais alta
em 2015 entre as frutas brasileiras, 24% acima dos nmeros de 2014.
Para o socioeconomista Joo Ricardo de Lima, da Embrapa Semirido, a expectativa para 2016, caso seja mantido o cenrio de dlar valoriza-
do, de que um nmero maior de produtores busque exportar. Isso, no entanto, pode ser m notcia. As vezes a oferta de produtores inexperien-
tes, que colocam mais volume do que qualidade, fazem contratos com pessoas e empresas sem muita credibilidade, correndo risco da inadimpln-
cia, e isso baguna o mercado, derruba as cotaes, alerta Lima.
Ainda h incerteza quanto safra 2016 de pases concorrentes do Brasil, como Peru e Equador, que devem ter a colheita finalizada antes do pre-
visto, devido influncia do El Nio. Com isso, exportadores brasileiros esto bastante otimistas e acreditam que a temporada de 2016 trar resul-
tados positivos ou, at mesmo, superiores aos do ano anterior. A safra acontecer sob impacto do fenmeno climtico La Nia, que, no Nordeste,
regio de produo de manga, traz mais chuvas e demanda recursos para o controle de pragas e doenas.

As principais MAIN FRUIT 63

 It rained in
the orchard
A
Although the year got off to an uncertain start, the mango sector experienced a
good season, thanks to a favorable exchange rate and timely rains in late 2015
Although 2015 got off to an uncertain er they would have water for their irriga- low, they benefited from timely rains, ex-
start for the mango producers in Vale do tion systems, because the water levels in ceptional export results and unexpected
So Francisco, who were not sure wheth- most reservoirs had fallen to an all-time high prices. Some small-scale farmers in-
Inor Ag. Assmann

ingls

64
curred losses by virtue of low productivi-
ty rates, as excessively high temperatures
adversely affected mango yields. In gen-
eral, it was a good year.
Dry spells reduced the number of pest
and disease outbreaks. However, without
rain, the temperature remained above av-
erage. In the semiarid, in spite of the irri-
gation system, excessive heat affects pro-
ductivity, with an influence on the size,
weight and shape of the fruits, which
then lack uniformity. Yields dropped by
25% in some orchards, and fell below the
average rates in the Valley, responsible
for 85% of the shipments abroad.
With the good prices in the foreign
market, along with the higher value of
the dollar against the Brazilian currency,
some farmers induced their mango trees
to flower out of season, thus harvesting
two or three crops in a row. However, un-
der stress conditions, the orchards did not
generate the desired amount of premium
mangoes, frustrating trade expectations.
The Bahia belt, in Livramento de Nos-
sa Senhora, and the belts in Minas Gerais,
in Jaba and Janaba, were also adversely
affected by drought conditions and high
temperatures, but fetched good prices
in the domestic market, with percentag-
es ranging from 70% to 240% above pro-
duction costs, respectively, for the variet-
ies Tommy and Palmer. In 2016, by virtue
of improved management practices, the
North region in Minas Gerais will reach
its harvest peak in May, and Bahia, in
June and July.
Socioeconomist Joo Ricardo de
Lima, from Embrapa Semiarid, in Petroli-
na (PE), mentions that the domestic mar-
ket of the fruit was characterized by sta-
ble remuneration, above the production
cost. In the foreign market, leveraged by
the favorable exchange rate and by tight
supplies of top fruits, Brazilian mangoes
achieved good results. Although fetching
the same prices as in 2015, farmers ben-
efited from the currency conversion, he
explains. On average, mangoes fetched
US$ 1.20 per kilogram, but some export-
ers managed to fetch US$ 2. Sales, which
had been falling and pointing to nega-
tive perspectives, began to soar again
and reached 156 thousand tons and US$
184 million. The default rate among cli-
ents went down. On the other hand, the
production cost soared, with higher pric-
es for labor, energy, fuels and inputs, as
they are dollarized.

ITS REAL VALUE

So Francisco Valley, sitting between the borders of Bahia and Pernambuco, accounted for
84% of all Brazilian mango exports in 2015: shipments amounted to 131.5 thousand tons and
brought in revenue of US$ 147 million. In Brazilian currency it represents R$ 588 million, with
the dollar at R$ 4. Major clients include the European Union (93.6 thousand tons) and the United
States (27 thousand tons), with the rest going to Canada and other countries. Brazils sales take
place from September to December, period at which competitors like Ecuador and Peru exit the
market. Mango shipments in 2015 brought in the highest revenue among all other Brazilian fruit,
and it was up 24% from the numbers in 2014.
Socioeconomist Joo Ricardo de Lima, from Embrapa Semiarid, understands that expecta-
tions for 2016, should the exchange rate suffer no changes, suggest that a bigger number of man-
go farmers will adhere to exports. This, nonetheless, could mean bad news. The fact is, some-
times supplies come from inexperienced farmers, who care more about quantity than quality,
sign agreements with people and companies of dubious credibility, likely to default on their pay-
ments, and this jeopardizes the market and makes prices plummet, says Lima.
There are still uncertainties regarding the 2016 crop in competitor countries, like Peru and
Ecuador, where harvest is supposed to come to a close before the normal period, due to the in-
fluence of El Nio. This lifts hopes of the Brazilian exporters, who are optimistic and believe that
the 2016 growing season has promising results in store, and could even exceed the good results
of the previous year. The crop is under the influence of the La Nia phenomenon, which, in the
Northeast, a region that produces most of the Brazilian mangoes, causes heavy rainfalls, which,
in turn, require resources for the control of pests and diseases.

Even so, many NA MANGA Mangoes

farmers have 2014 2015
Exportaes de manga (Brasil)

no reason to US$ Toneladas

163.727.732,00 133.033.240
US$ Toneladas
184.342.375,00 156.337.273
celebrate Fonte: Secex/MDIC.

As principais MAIN FRUIT 65

Slvio vila

Fruta est entre as que

apresentam crescimento
mais expressivo no Pas

66
 melancia
Melancia Watermelon

Para encher a boca

S
Exportao de melancia avana e o mercado interno
torna-se mais competitivo diante da quebra na
produo nacional e dos novos produtos
impossvel dissociar o clima tropical do Brasil da delcia
que uma boa mordida numa fatia de melancia geladinha. To-
das as caractersticas nutritivas, gustativas, refrescantes e ener-
gticas, associadas tambm ao cmbio favorvel s exportaes
e aos investimentos em tecnologias feitos pelos produtores, im-
pulsionaram as vendas internacionais, valorizaram a melancia
no Pas e elevaram sua importncia entre as principais frutas.
A exportao brasileira em 2015, por exemplo, avanou
64% em dlares, para US$ 30,7 milhes. Em volume, o Bra-
sil embarcou 54,9 mil toneladas, 79% a mais. O polo do Rio
Grande do Norte e do Cear, que colhe at maro, conse-
guiu mais embarques pela qualidade, pela boa produtivida-
de e pelo cmbio. Alm disso, empresas referenciais tm no-
vidades. o caso da Itaueira, que faz o maior sucesso com sua
mini melancia sem sementes.
Na Capital Brasileira da Melancia, a cidade de Uruana, em
Gois, a temporada foi boa. Houve queda na rea plantada,
mas o rendimento de 50 toneladas por hectare compensou.
Ampliamos a exportao para o Mercosul, comemora Antel-
mo Teixeira Alves, diretor da Empresa Estadual de Assistn-
cia Tcnica e Extenso Rural (Emater/GO). Os resultados fo-
ram to expressivos na cidade, que produz cerca de 220 mil
toneladas da fruta por ano e concentra a comercializao de
350 mil toneladas dos 12 municpios da regio, que, asso-
ciada a outras entidades e aos produtores, a Emater/GO co-
meou processo a fim de buscar a indicao geogrfica (IG)
para a fruta local. Temos 500 produtores, 2
mil empregos diretos e 1 mil indiretos. Isso se
multiplica por trs na regio, diz Alves.
O desempenho de Uruana na comercializao
foi melhor porque outras regies produtoras, como
Teixeira de Freitas, na Bahia; Lagoa da Confuso e For-
moso do Araguaia, no Tocantins; Itpolis, Presidente Pru-
dente e Marlia, em So Paulo, enfrentaram problemas
com o clima e com a falta de acesso ao crdito. J no Rio
Grande do Sul, principal produtor nacional, o excesso de
chuvas no final do ano, seguido de estiagem em janeiro, pre-
judicou a safra, que colhida ao longo do vero.
Os produtores de melancia adotam a prtica de ir plan-
tando da regio Carbonfera (perto de Porto Alegre, que en-
volve Arroio dos Ratos, Buti, General Cmara, So Jernimo e
Triunfo) em direo fronteira com o Uruguai, passando por
Encruzilhada do Sul, Rio Pardo, Dom Feliciano, Piratini, Pi-
nheiro Machado e Bag, medida em que o ano avana.
A chuva atrasou o plantio e aumentou as doenas e,
com a umidade, as razes ficaram superficiais. Em janei-
ro, veio a estiagem. Como os solos da regio retm pou-
ca gua, o excesso de calor e de sol afetou a produtivi-
dade e queimou frutos, explica Marco Antnio dos
Santos, extensionista da Emater/RS em Encruzilha-
da do Sul, cidade com a maior produo gacha,
cerca de 130 mil toneladas/ano.

DE OLHO NO LA NIA
O produtor Gilberto Rambor, h 30 anos na atividade, revela que, apesar do uso de alta tecnologia, como sistemas de irrigao por asperso e ma-
nejo adequado, a produtividade mdia ficou abaixo das 30 toneladas por hectare no Rio Grande do Sul. Espervamos perto de 60. Tivemos pelo me-
nos 40% de quebra por causa do clima, frisa. Segundo ele, que tem um distribuidor na Companhia de Entrepostos e Armazns Gerais de So Paulo (Ce-
agesp), principal centro de distribuio de frutas do Pas, a comercializao compensou parcialmente as perdas, mas o resultado poderia ser melhor.
O custo mdio de produo do quilo da melancia fica entre R$ 0,24 e R$ 0,35, e os preos mdios praticados em 2015 foram de R$ 0,44 a R$
0,55 ao produtor, entre 21% e 30% acima da temporada de 2014. Para 2016, com expectativa do fenmeno La Nia, os produtores do Sul mos-
tram-se preocupados. No seu levantamento mais recente, o Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatstica (IBGE) indica que em 2014 o Brasil
produziu 2,17 milhes de toneladas de melancias, em 94,4 mil hectares. O rendimento mdio foi de 23 toneladas por hectare. A melancia repre-
senta 5% do valor total da produo das 22 principais frutas nacionais.

As principais MAIN FRUIT 67


Mouth-filling
I
Watermelon exports are on the right track and
domestic market is getting more competitive in light
of the smaller than expected crop and new products
It is impossible to dissociate the tropical
climate of Brazil from a delicious cool water-
melon slice. All the nutritive, tasty, refresh-
ing and energetic characteristics, also asso-
ciated with the exchange rate, favorable to
exports and to the investments in technol-
ogy by the producers, drove internation-
al sales, added value to the watermelons in
the Country and boosted their importance
among all major fruit species.
Brazilian exports in 2015, for example,
went up 69% in dollars, to US$ 30.7 mil-
lion. In volume, Brazil shipped abroad 54.9
thousand tons, up 79%. The credit of the
higher export volumes of the Rio Grande
do Norte and Cear belts, where water-
melons are harvested until March, goes to
quality, good productivity and favorable
exchange rate. Furthermore, all reference
companies display novelties. It is the case of
Itaueira, whose success story stems from its
mini seedless watermelon.
In the Brazilian Watermelon Capital,
the city of Uruana, in Gois, the season was
good. The planted area dropped, but the
50 ton per hectare crop came as the com-
pensation. We expanded our exports to Mer-
cosur countries, rejoices Antelmo Teixei-
ra Alves, director of the Rural Extension
and Technical Assistance State Company
(Emater/GO). The results were so expres-
sive in the city, which produces about 220
thousand tons of the fruit a year and concen-
trates the commercialization of 350 thou-
sand tons coming from the 12 municipalities
of the region, where, associated with other
entities and producers, Emater/GO start-
68
Divulgao
ed the process in order to pursue the geo-
graphical indication (GI) for the local fruit.
We have 500 producers, 2 thousand direct
jobs and 1 thousand indirect ones. This mul-
tiplies by three across the region, says Alves.
The performance of Uruana at commer-
cialization was more successful because oth-
er growing regions, like Teixeira de Freitas,
in Bahia; Lagoa da Confuso and Formo-
so do Araguaia, in Tocantins; Itpolis, Pres-
idente Prudente and Marlia, in So Paulo,
faced problems stemming from the climate
and from the lack of credit lines. In Rio
Grande do Sul, main national producer, ex-
cessive rainfalls late in the year, followed by
a drought in January, jeopardized the crop,
normally harvested in summer.
Watermelon growers normally start
planting from the coalfield areas (near Porto
Alegre, comprising Arroio dos Ratos, Buti,
General Cmara, So Jernimo and Triunfo)
towards the frontier with Uruguay, includ-
ing the cities of Encruzilhada do Sul, Rio Par-
do, Dom Feliciano, Piratini, Pinheiro Macha-
do and Bag, as the months go by.
The rain delayed plantings and favored
diseases and, due to high humidity levels,
the roots remained shallow. In January, dry
weather conditions prevailed. As the soil of
the regions retains little water, excessively
high temperatures and water deficiency af-
fected the productivity rates and scorched
the fruits, explained Marco Antnio dos
Santos, extension worker at Emater/RS, in
Encruzilhada do Sul, city that is the leading
producer in Rio Grande do Sul, with about
130 thousand tons a year.
WITH AN EYE ON LA NIA
Farmer Gilberto Rambor, now thirty years in the activity, reveals that, in spite of available technology, like low flow irrigation systems and appropriate
management, average productivity remained below 30 tons per hectare in Rio Grande do Sul. We had expected up to 60. Productivity was down 40% be-
cause of bad weather conditions, he comments. As he has a distributor at the General Warehousing and Centers Company (Ceagesp), main fruit distribu-
tion center in the Country, he has it that commercialization made partially up for the losses, but the final result could have been better.
The average cost for producing one kilogram of watermelon remains between R$0.24 and R$ 0.35, and the average farm gate prices in force in 2015
ranged from R$ 0.44 to R$ 0.55, up 21% to 30% from 2014. For 2016, with chances for La Nia to occur, the growers in the South are worried. At its recent
survey, the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) indicates that in 2014 Brazil produced 2.17 million tons of watermelons, in 94.4 thousand
hectares, representing average yields of 23 tons per hectare. Watermelons account for 5% of the total revenue from the 22 main fruits produced in Brazil.

Inor Ag. Assmann

GUA NA BOCA Mouth-watering
Exportaes brasileiras de melancias
2014 2015
US$ Kg US$ Kg
16.490.896,00 30.682.363 27.059.394,00 64,09%
54.953.858 79,11%
Fonte: Secex/MDIC, janeiro de 2016.

Fruit registers one of the most

expressive growth rates in the Country
As principais MAIN FRUIT 69
Slvio vila

A
O retorno das chuvas ao
Nordeste requer mais
cuidados com a qualidade
70
Melo MELON melo
Voos cada
vez maiores

A
De olho no mercado chins e de outros pases, o
Brasil projeta avanos nas exportaes de melo
para reduzir a dependncia em relao Europa
Ao longo de 2015, o Brasil reduziu sua rea culti-
vada com melo em cerca de 10%, por diversos fato-
res: clima, projeo de negcios regionais, aumento
dos custos de produo com energia, mo de obra, fre-
tes e combustveis, e concorrncia. Ainda assim, o Pas
ampliou as vendas internacionais. A cadeia produtiva
projeta em pouco mais de 20 mil hectares o cultivo da
temporada. Em 2016, a superfcie pode crescer e repe-
tir os 22 mil hectares estimados pelo Instituto Brasilei-
ro de Geografia e Estatstica (IBGE) em 2014, graas s
vendas externas.
Para os mais de 20 pases que atende, o Brasil ex-
pandiu em 13,6% o volume de frutas enviadas, soman-
do 223,7 mil toneladas no ciclo passado. Em peso, a
fruta mais exportada, seguida pela manga (156,3 mil
toneladas). Em faturamento, porm, a situao se in-
verte, e a manga lidera com U$S 184,3 milhes. O au-
mento da receita com melo no foi
proporcional ao volume por causa da des-
valorizao da moeda nacional frente ao d-
lar e da queda nos preos internacionais. Em va-
lores, a venda cresceu s 1,63%, para US$ 154,3
milhes. Mesmo com a reduo da margem em d-
lar, na converso em real o exportador ainda ganhou.
As exportaes brasileiras so concentradas na Eu-
ropa, mas a cadeia produtiva trabalha para diversificar
os destinos. A China pode ser um destino novo para o
melo do Nordeste. De olho na abertura do novo Ca-
nal do Panam, que reduzir de 27 para 17 dias as
remessas brasileiras, representantes chineses visi-
taram em janeiro portos e reas de produo do
Brasil. O apoio da Agncia Brasileira de Promo-
o de Exportaes e Investimentos (Apex-
-Brasil) decisivo nessas investidas.

E VEM CHUVA
Um dos problemas previstos para 2016 nas regies produtivas, alm da alta dos custos de produo por causa das matrias-primas dola-
rizadas dos insumos, a tendncia de chuvas acima da mdia, acarretadas pelo fenmeno climtico La Nia. Ao contrrio do El Nio, que pro-
voca seca, esta gera mais precipitaes do que o normal. Os polos da fruta no Nordeste Rio Grande do Norte, Vale do So Francisco (Bahia e
Pernambuco) e Cear enfrentam seca desde 2011, com alguns reservatrios mantendo abaixo de 5% de suas capacidades e com incapacida-
de para atender s demandas dos permetros irrigados.
Estas regies tiveram a volta das chuvas em janeiro, que ajudaram na recuperao parcial dos mananciais. Por outro lado, tais ocorrncias afetaram
a produtividade e a qualidade dos frutos. Isso reduziu a oferta e ajudou numa alta dos preos, o que pode motivar a retomada parcial da rea no decor-
rer do ano. Ao longo da temporada, alguns exportadores que encaminhavam 50% a 60% de suas produes ao mercado internacional chegaram a em-
barcar 75% a 80%, por conta da vantagem na converso da moeda. Porm, o setor mostra desconfiana com a poltica cambial brasileira.
Luiz Roberto Barcelos, presidente da Associao Brasileira dos Produtores Exportadores de Frutas e Derivados (Abrafrutas), que scio da
Agrcola Famosa, uma das maiores produtoras de melo do Brasil, considera que a crise tambm oportunidade para o Pas ampliar seus mer-
cados, e 2015 trouxe alguns ganhos ao setor. Mas reconhece que os custos podem dificultar a produo no futuro. De qualquer maneira, a res-
posta uma boa gesto interna, competitividade, qualidade, alcanarmos mais mercados e fidelizarmos estes clientes, apesar de sabermos
que isso depende da macroeconomia e tambm da economia nacional, atesta. O produtor, de sua parte, tem feito o seu melhor.

As principais MAIN FRUIT 71

 Flying ever higher

T
With an eye on the Chinese market and other countries, Brazil is projecting
steps forward in melon exports in order not to depend entirely on Europe

Throughout 2015, Brazil reduced its
area devoted to melons by about 10%, for
several factors: climate, projection of re-
gional businesses, higher production costs
related to energy, labor, freights, fuel, and
competition. Even so, the Country ex-
panded its international sales. The supply
chain estimates the planted area at slight-
ly over 20 thousand hectares in the cur-
rent growing season. In 2016, the plant-
ed area is likely to grow and repeat the 22
thousand hectares projected by the Brazil-
Slvio vila
and mangoes lead with U$S 84.3 million.
The increase in revenue from melons was
not proportional to the volume because
of the devaluation of the local curren-
cy against the dollar, and equally due to
lower international prices. In value, sales
went up 1.63%, to US$ 154.3 million. In
spite of the reduction of the dollar mar-
gin, in the conversion into our currency
the exporters earned profits.
Brazilian exports are mainly des-
tined for Europe, but the supply chain is
strongly engaged in finding a way to di-
versify the destinations. China could be
a new destination for the melons pro-
duced in the Northeast. With an eye on
the opening of the new Panama Canal,
which will reduce from 27 to 17 days any
Brazilian shipments to that country, Chi-
nese representatives visited the ports and
production areas in Brazil. Support from
the Brazilian Trade and Investment Pro-
motion Agency (Apex-Brasil) is decisive
in such endeavors.

ian Institute of Geography and Statistics

(IBGE) in 2014, thanks to foreign sales.
For the upwards of 20 countries that
import from Brazil, shipments of mel-
ons went up 13.6%, totaling 223.7 thou-
sand tons in the past cycle. In weight, it
is the most exported fruit, followed by
mangoes (156.3 thousand tons). In rev-
enue, however, the situation is reversed,
MELES PARA O MUNDO Melons for the world
Exportaes brasileiras de melo
Ano Valor (US$) Volume (Kg)
2014 151.817.079,00 196.850.024
2015 154.298.760,00 223.746.193
Diferena (%) 1,63% 13,6%
Fonte: Secex/MDIC, janeiro de 2016.

RAIN ON THE WAY

One of the problems foreseen for 2016 in the producing regions, besides higher production costs, because of the dollarized raw materials for the
inputs, is the trend for above average rainfalls caused by the climate phenomenon La Nia. Contrary to El Nio, which causes drought conditions,
the former generates above average rainfall. The fruit belts in the Northeast Rio Grande do Norte, Vale do So Francisco (Bahia and Pernambuco)
and Cear have been hit by drought conditions since 2011, with some water reservoirs below 5% of their capacity, thus being unable to meet the
demands of the irrigated perimeters. In these regions, the rains came in January, and they partially recovered the dam storage levels. On the other
hand, such occurrences adversely affected fruit productivity and quality. It reduced supplies but pushed up prices, a fact that could encourage the
farmers to partially resume the planted area throughout the year. Over the season, some exporters who used to destine 50% to 60% of their produc-
tion volumes to the international market, decided to ship abroad 75% to 80% of their melons, on account of the advantage stemming from curren-
cy conversion. However, the sector has no confidence in Brazils exchange rate policy.
Luiz Roberto Barcelos, president of the Brazilian Fruit Growers Exporters Association (Abrafrutas), an active partner at Agrcola Famosa, one
of the leading lemon producers in Brazil, maintains that the crisis may turn into an opportunity for the Country to expand its markets, whilst 2015
brought some gains to the sector. However, he acknowledges that cost could make it difficult to produce in the future. Anyway, the answer lies in
good internal administration, competitiveness, quality, the conquest of new markets, loyal clients, although knowing that it depends on the macro-
economy and on the national economy, he warns. The farmers, for their part, have done their best.

The return of the rains in the Northeast

requires special care with regard to quality
72
 Anurio Brasileiro da

Fruticultura
Anurio Brasileiro da
Silvicultura Brazilian Fruit Yearbook
Anurio Brasileiro do

2016
Brazilian Forestry and Timber Yearbook

2016 2015
Anurio brasileira da Silvicultura 2016 Brazilian Forestry and Timber Yearbook

Brazilian Vegetable Yearbook

ISSN 2178-0897

997721780897122
ISSN 2446-8657
99772446- 8630158

99772446- 8649156

99772446- 8657153

ISSN 1808-222X

99771808222122

ISSN 1808-4931

99771808493145

73
Inor Ag. Assmann

Uva de mesa retoma exportao, mas

produo de bebidas acusa o golpe

74
Uva GRAPE uva
Questo de tempo

S
Custos, chuvas em excesso, granizo e geadas
derrubam a safra no Sul do Brasil, e 2016 promete
mercado em alta para vinhos, espumantes e sucos
Se a safra 2014/15 foi boa e teve comercializao adequa-
da no Pas, no se pode dizer o mesmo da colheita no ciclo
2015/16 na regio Sul, responsvel por mais de 90% da uva
industrial (vitivinfera, para vinhos e espumantes, e hbrida
americana, para sucos) produzida no Brasil. A Serra Gacha,
que envolve 15 mil famlias produtoras e rea cultivada de
38 mil hectares, tem perdas estimadas em at 50% pela Em-
brapa Uva e Vinho, de Bento Gonalves (RS), e 65% (ou 550
mil toneladas) frente temporada anterior, segundo a Ema-
ter/RS. O prejuzo pode chegar a R$ 380 milhes.
Em Santa Catarina, h queda de 30% no volume colhido
na regio serrana na etapa 2015/16, segundo a Associao
Catarinense de Produtores de Vinhos Finos de Altitude (Aca-
vits). Na regio de Marialva, no Paran, o decrscimo alcan-
a metade da colheita tempor. Jales, So Miguel Arcanjo
e Pilar, em So Paulo, e Pirapora, em Minas Gerais, tiveram
avano na rentabilidade da Nigara, por menor oferta. Cam-
pinas e Porto Feliz, em So Paulo, colheram menos.
No Sul, a reduo de matria-prima e o aumento de pre-
os pela demanda maior do que a oferta preocupa o setor
de bebidas, que gira a economia das regies produtivas. A
expectativa de alta ao longo da cadeia produtiva at o con-
sumidor. O Instituto Brasileiro do Vinho (Ibravin) estima re-
ajustes de at 20%, por causa do aumento
das alquotas dos impostos.
A cadeia produtiva argumenta que os gran-
des pases vincolas mantm alquotas de 8% a 13%,
mas no Brasil chegam a 53%, anulando a competitivi-
dade, mesmo no mercado domstico. Como as vinco-
las mantm estoques de vinhos por at quatro anos, o
abastecimento est garantido. Denis Debiasi, da Comisso
Interestadual da Uva, diz que em sucos e espumantes, de
consumo crescente e baixos estoques, a relao ser justa.
Entre os produtores, h certezas: a perda de renda e
dvidas a saldar, mesmo que o seguro rural cubra parte
dos prejuzos, em especial na agricultura familiar. Enio
ngelo Todeschini, engenheiro agrnomo da Emater/RS,
explica que, na Serra Gacha, ocorrncias de geadas em
setembro, temporais de granizo e o excesso de chuvas
prejudicaram a safra.
A produo ficou 58% abaixo da mdia histrica.
O clima mido e abafado do final do ano gerou do-
enas. Para combat-las, o fruticultor precisou do-
brar as aplicaes de fungicidas. E o preo do
insumo quase duplicou, por causa do dlar,
frisa Todeschini.

NA MESA
A alta do dlar e o risco da falta de gua geraram safra com resultados diversos em pomares do Nordeste, no Vale do So Francisco, entre a Bahia e
Pernambuco, principal regio de uvas de mesa do Pas. As temperaturas acima da mdia e mananciais comprometidos pela seca afetaram as proprie-
dades pequenas, com baixa tecnologia e variedades menos produtivas. Estas tiveram prejuzos, com menor produo e preos baixos.
As reas empresariais, maiores e com variedades mais produtivas e tecnolgicas, conseguiram ganhos nos mercados externo e interno. Segundo o
socioeconomista Joo Ricardo de Lima, da Embrapa Semirido, de Petrolina (PE), o cmbio favorvel gerou disputa pelas frutas top e o preo domsti-
co teve de acompanhar a referncia internacional. Na converso, o produtor ganhou dinheiro. Depois de cinco anos em queda nas vendas, a uva inver-
teu a lgica. Em 2014, foram comercializadas 28 mil toneladas ao exterior. Mas com o real beirando R$ 4,00, os embarques somaram 34 mil toneladas,
volume 10 mil toneladas inferior ao alcanado em 2013. A Europa o grande cliente.
Considerando apenas a safra 2014/15, houve aumento de 4,4% na colheita de uvas no Brasil, para 1,49 milho de toneladas, por causa do avano
de Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, Minas Gerais e Pernambuco. Nos demais estados, houve queda. Mas a rea plantada total caiu 1,8%, para 79 mil
hectares, conforme a pesquisadora Loiva Maria Ribeiro de Souza, da Embrapa Vinho e Uva, de Bento Gonalves (RS).

As principais MAIN FRUIT 75

 A matter of time
I
High costs, excessive rainfall, hailstorms and frost
conditions adversely affect the crop in South Brazil, and 2016
has good news in store for wines, sparklings and juices
If the 2014/15 crop was good and appro-
priately traded in the Country, the same does
not hold true for the 2015/16 growing season
in the South, responsible for 90% of the indus-
trial grapes (vitis vinifera, for wines and spar-
klings, and American hybrid, for juices) pro-
duced in Brazil. According to sources from
Embrapa Grapes and Wine, in Bento Gon-
alves (RS), losses in the Sierra Gaucha region,
home to 15 thousand grape-growing families
and an area of 38 thousand hectares devot-
ed to the crop, amount to 50%, whereas Ema-
ter/RS sources project a 65% smaller crop (or
550 thousand tons) compared to the previous
year. Losses may amount to R$ 380 million.
In Santa Catarina, the volume is down 30%
Inor Ag. Assmann
in the sierra region, in the 2015/16 growing sea-
son, according sources from the Santa Catari-
na State Association of High Altitude Fine Wine
Producers (Acavits). In the region of Marialva,
in Paran, the decrease amounts to half of the
early harvest. Jales, So Miguel Arcanjo and Pi-
lar, in So Paulo, and Pirapora, in Minas Gerais,
earned higher profits from Niagara grapes, due
to tight supply. Campinas and Porto Feliz, in So
Paulo, harvested smaller volumes.
In the South, the smaller crop and pric-
es soaring on high demand and tight sup-
ply is causing concern to the beverage sec-
tors, which drive the economy of the grape
producing regions. The expectation is for
higher prices down the supply chain to fi-
nal consumers. The Brazilian Wine Institute
(Ibravin) estimates a price increase of 20%,
due to soaring tax loads.
Brazil resumes exports of table grapes, but
beverage producers endure the consequences
76
The supply chain argues that in the top even if farm insurance covers part of the dam-
wine-producing countries taxes range from ages, especially in family farming operations.
8% to 13%, while in Brazil they amount to up Enio ngelo Todeschini, agronomic engineer
to 53%, meaning an annihilation of any com- with Emater/RS, explains that, in Sierra Gau-
petition, even in the domestic market. As most cha, frost conditions in September, hailstorms
wineries keep wine stocks for four years, sup- and excessive rainfalls jeopardized the crop.
ply will suffer no delay. Denis Debiasi, a mem- Production remained 58% below histor-
ber of the Interstate Grape Commission, main- ical averages. The wet and stuffy climate at
tains that there will be a fair relation between year end triggered disease outbreaks. To fight
juices and sparklings, with consumption on a these diseases, fruit growers doubled their
rising trend, although stocks are low. fungicide applications. In the meantime,
Among the producers, some certainties input prices almost doubled, due to the ex-
stand out: loss of profits and debts to settle, change rate, says Todeschini.
UVA DE BEBER Drinkable grapes
Balano de exportaes e importaes de uvas e derivados
(2003/2015) * Valores em US$ 1.000,00 (FOB)
Discriminao 2013 2014 2015
Volume (t) US$ Volume (t) US$ Volume (t) US$
Exportaes
Uvas frescas 43.181 102.995 28.348 66.791 34.385 72.307
Suco de uva 4.212 12.428 4.953 12.866 2.610 5.866
Vinhos (mil l) 9.149 22.745 2.324 7.473 1.254 2.926
Espumantes (mil l) 215 929 452 2.109 145 712
Total ($) 139.097 89.239 81.811
Importaes
Uvas frescas 32.631 59.581 33.761 62.338 31.818 49.965
Uvas passas 23.414 53.285 23.723 53.062 24.834 40.603
Vinhos (mil l) 67.954 255.566 76.910 290.253 77.685 258.978
Espumantes (mil l) 4.269 34.652 4.317 34.261 4.105 32.862
Suco de uva 1.064 754 88 91 175 201
Total ($) 403.838 440.005 382.609
Balano (264.741) (350.766) (300.798)
Fonte: MDIC.
Elaborao: Loiva Maria Ribeiro de Mello Embrapa Uva e Vinho.
 ON THE TABLE
The soaring dollar and the risk of water shortages generated a crop
with different results in the orchards throughout the Northeast, in So
Francisco Valley, between Bahia and Pernambuco, main table grape pro-
ducing region in the Country. Above average temperatures and water levels
on the decline in the reservoirs, due to dry weather, adversely affected the
small-scale farms, where poor technology prevails, along with less pro-
ductive cultivars. Their losses stem from smaller crops and lower prices.
The commercial vineyards, bigger in size and with more productive
varieties, along with technology, managed to earn profits at home and
abroad. According to socioeconomist Joo Ricardo de Lima, from Em-
brapa Semiarid, in Petrolina (PE), the favorable exchange rate triggered
a fight for top fruits, while domestic prices kept pace with the inter-
national reference. In the dollar-real conversion, producers made prof-
its. After five years of falling sales, grapes inverted the logics. In 2014,
shipments abroad amounted to 28 thousand tons, but with the Brazilian
currency at R$ 4 to the dollar, shipments went up to 34 thousand tons,
down 10 thousand tons from 2013. Europe is the distinguishing client.
Considering only the 2014/15 growing season, the size of the grape
crop went up 4.4% in Brazil, to 1.49 million tons, as a result of the bigger
crops in Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, Minas Gerais and Pernam-
buco. In all other states, the crop decreased in size. On the other hand,
the area devoted to grapes went down 1.8%, to 79 thousand hectares,
according to researcher Loiva Maria Ribeiro de Souza, from Embrapa
Grapes and Wine, in Bento Gonalves (RS).

A Pesquisa comprova
A Sipcam-Nichino tem o melhor
manejo do Mldio na Videira
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
% Controle em Folhas % Mldio nas % Mldio nos % Controle nos Cachos
Folhas (Teste) Cachos (Teste)

Nutex+Academix 1,0+2,0 Nutex+Mancozeb 1,0+3,0 Nutex 1,5 Nutex 1,0

Nutex+Zetanil 1,0+1,5 Nutex+Isatalonil 1,5+2,0 Nutex+Benalaxyl 1,0+2,0 Isatalonil 2,5
Zetanil 1,5 Nutex+Hidrox Cobre 1,0+2,0 Nutex+Isatalonil 1,0+2,0 Testemunha

Fonte: Dr. Jos Itamar da Silva Bonetti

As principais MAIN FRUIT 77

Divulgao

Pesquisa research

Mosca-das-frutas provoca
perdas anuais de US$ 120
milhes para produtores
78
Guerra declarada

Q
Brasil lanou em 2015 Plano Nacional de Combate
Mosca-das-Frutas para reforar CONTROLE DA praga
e conquistar novos mercados importadores
Terceira maior do mundo, a fruticultura brasileira segue
sua luta contra uma praga que ameaa os pomares h dcadas.
Ao longo dos anos, as moscas-das-frutas da famlia Tephritidae
vm causando perdas diretas para os agricultores e motivam o
estabelecimento de medidas fitossanitrias por importadores
de frutas frescas. Com o objetivo de melhorar o status sanit-
rio das cadeias de produo de frutferas no Brasil, o Minist-
rio da Agricultura, Pecuria e Abastecimento (Mapa), em par-
ceria com a Associao Brasileira dos Produtores Exportadores
de Frutas e Derivados (Abrafrutas), lanou em 2015 o Plano
Nacional de Combate Mosca-das-Frutas (PNCM).
At 2018, o programa prev investimento de R$ 128 mi-
lhes, em pelo menos 10 estados, para reduzir as pragas e
aumentar a viabilidade dos investimentos na produo de
frutas. Estima-se que a mosca-das-frutas cause prejuzos de
aproximadamente US$ 120 milhes ao ano em perdas de co-
lheita, custos de controle e comercializao. A expectativa
de que a erradicao abra novos horizontes comerciais, uma
vez que, hoje, diversos pases s compram frutas de naes
livres do problema. As principais espcies da praga no Brasil
so encontradas nos estados de Roraima, Par e Amap, no
Vale do So Francisco e na regio Sul.
Conforme o engenheiro agrnomo Dori Edson Nava, pes-
quisador da Embrapa Clima Temperado, o controle das mos-
cas-das-frutas preocupao de longa data e sempre esteve na
pauta de pesquisas da Embrapa, desde a criao da empresa,
na dcada de 1970. Com a retirada do mercado dos insetici-
das com ao de profundidade na dcada de
90, por questes de toxidades e pelas restri-
es nas exportaes de algumas frutas, o mane-
jo dos pomares ficou dificultado. Assim, novas tc-
nicas de controle passaram a ser estudadas, com foco
no Manejo Integrado de Mosca, explica.
O especialista argumenta que as dificuldades enfren-
tadas no controle das moscas-das-frutas atingem no so-
mente os grandes produtores, que normalmente expor-
tam, mas tambm, e principalmente, os fruticultores que
produzem para o mercado nacional. O problema se agra-
va porque normalmente no existem produtos fitossanit-
rios registrados para o controle da praga. Atualmente, entre
as alternativas estudadas pela entidade est o uso de iscas t-
xicas mais eficientes e seletivas, alm de atrativos mais efeti-
vos para monitoramento e captura massal.
Alm dessas tcnicas, nos ltimos anos tem se articulado
a criao de uma biofbrica para a produo de insetos es-
treis e parasitoides com foco na supresso populacional
da mosca-das-frutas sul-americana Anastrepha fratercu-
lus. O projeto do Centro de Controle Biolgico, no mu-
nicpio de Vacaria, no Rio Grande do Sul, agora pas-
sa por fase de planejamento. Em trabalho conjunto
com o Centro de Energia Nuclear para a Agricultura
(Cena), da Universidade de So Paulo (USP), a in-
teno que as tecnologias sejam implantadas
em reas-piloto no Sul ainda em 2016.

AO DEVASTADORA
As moscas-das-frutas so insetos pertencentes a algumas espcies da famlia Tephritidae. O ciclo biolgico formado pelos estgios de
ovo, larva, pupa e adulto obrigatoriamente, elas necessitam dos frutos para completar o desenvolvimento. Assim, as fmeas, depois do aca-
salamento, colocam os ovos logo abaixo da casca (epicarpo) dos frutos e, aps alguns dias, as larvas eclodem e se alimentam da polpa. Quan-
do as mesmas estiverem prximas da pupao, saem dos frutos e se transformam em pupa, geralmente no solo, de onde emergem os adultos,
explica o agrnomo Dori Edson Nava, pesquisador da Embrapa Clima Temperado.
O especialista refora que os prejuzos provocados por esses insetos acontecem em dois momentos: o primeiro dano ocorre quando as f-
meas inserem o ovipositor na fruta, pois nessa abertura pode ocorrer a entrada de microorganismos que causam podrides. O segundo dano,
e o mais visvel, ocorre quando as larvas se alimentam da polpa. Normalmente, em ambos os casos, as frutas apodrecem e caem, ficando im-
prestveis para o consumo, esclarece. Existem relatos de ocorrncia de moscas-das-frutas em mais de 90 hospedeiros, sendo que as princi-
pais culturas afetadas so as cultivadas em grande escala e as que so destinadas exportao.

79
 Battle against
fruit fly

T
In 2015, Brazil launched the National Fruit Fly Fighting Plan, intended to
reinforce the fight against the insect and conquer important markets
Third largest in the world, Brazilian fruit
growing business is constantly involved with
the fight against a pest that has been a threat
to all orchards for decades. Over the years, the
fruit flies of the Tephritidae family have been
causing direct losses to the farmers, whilst
fresh fruit importers have been demanding
phytosanitary measures. With the aim to im-
prove the phytosanitary status of the Brazilian
fruit supply chains, the Ministry of Agriculture,
Livestock and Food Supply (Mapa), jointly
with the Brazilian Fruit Growers-Exporters As-
sociation (Abrafrutas) in 2015, launched the
National Fruit Fly Fighting Plan (PNCM).
Until 2018, the program involves invest-
ments of R$ 128 million, in at least 10 states,
restrictions against sales abroad of some types
of fruit, orchard management became diffi-
cult. Therefore, studies on new control tech-
niques were carried out, focused on Integrat-
ed Fly Management, he explains.
The specialist argues that the difficulties
faced in the control of the fruit flies do not hit
only the commercial farmers, who normally ex-
port their fruits, but also the fruit growing farm-
ers that produce for the national market. The
problem gets worse because, normally, there
are no phytosanitary products registered for
the control of the pest. Currently, the alterna-
tives studied by the entity include the use of tox-
ic baits in a more effective and selective manner,
Divulgao
besides the use of substances that lure the in-
sects for monitoring and capturing purposes.
In addition to these techniques, over the
past years, the creation of a biofactory has been
strongly considered, for the production of ster-
ile insects and parasites focused on the suppres-
sion of the South American fruit fly Anastrepha
fraterculus. The project of the Biological Con-
trol Center, in the municipality of Vacaria, in Rio
Grande do Sul, is now going through a plan-
ning phase. In joint work with the Nuclear En-
ergy Center for Agriculture (Cena), of the Uni-
versity of So Paulo (USP), the intention is that
the technologies should be implemented in pi-
lot areas, in the South, in 2015.
Fruit fly

with the aim to reduce pest incidences and

make it viable to invest in the production of
fruit. It is believed that fruit flies cause losses of
approximately US$ 120 million a year in crop
causes annual
reductions, control costs and sales. The expec- losses of US$
120 million to
tation is for the eradication of the pest to pave
the way for new commercial deals, as many

producers
nations nowadays only by fruit from countries
free from the problem. The main strains of the
pest in Brazil were found in the states of Rorai-
ma, Par and Amap, in Vale do So Francisco
and in the southern region.
According to agronomic engineer Dori Ed-
son Nava, researcher at Embrapa Temperate
Climate, the control of the fruit flies has been
a great concern for years and has always been
on the Embrapa research agenda, since the
creation of the company, in the 1970s. With
the removal of pesticides with prolonged ac-
tion in the 1990s, for reasons of toxicity and

80
 DEVASTATING ACTION

Divulgao
Fruit flies are insects that belong to some
Tephritidae families. The biological cycle consists
of the egg, larva, pupa and adult stages manda-
torily they need fruits to finish their development.
Therefore, the females, after mating, lay their
eggs right under the skin (epicarp) of the fruits
and, some days later, the larvae emerge and feed
on the pulp. When they are close to the cocoon
stage, they leave the fruit and turn into pupae,
usually in the ground, from where they emerge as
adults, explains agronomist Dori Edson Nava, re-
searcher at Embrapa Temperate Climate.
The specialist reinforces that the losses caused
by these insects take place in two moments: the
first damage occurs when the females lay their eggs
inside the fruits, and the tiny cracks could pave the
way for microorganisms to enter the fruits, and they
cause fruit rot. The second damage, the most visible,
occurs when the larvae feed on the pulp. Normally,
in both cases, the fruits go bad and fall, and cannot
be consumed, he clarifies. Occurrences of fruit flies
have been detected in upwards of 90 host plants,
and the crops that are most affected are the ones
grown on a large scale for exportation.
 Painel panel
Inovao no mamo
O
Agrocinco e East-West Seed lanam o hbrido Bela Nova F1 no mercado
brasileiro, com bons atrativos para produtores e consumidores
O mamo uma das principais frutas produzidas e con-
sumidas no Brasil e, nessa condio, tambm em volu-
me comercializado nos entrepostos de norte a sul do Pas.
Desde o final de 2015, essa espcie tem atrado o interesse
dos produtores, devido aos melhores preos que vm sen-
do praticados. Estes decorrem de menor oferta de produ-
to, em funo de alguns extremos climticos e da reduo
na rea de plantio.
A cultura do mamoeiro interessante para o produtor
rural, pois, uma vez estabelecida, gera fonte de renda prati-
camente contnua, visto que as colheitas so semanais. Bus-
ca-se assim, aproveitar no apenas picos de preos, mas um
preo mdio para o ciclo todo. Muitos produtores encon-
tram no mamo forma de reduzir custos, seja atravs de
consrcios ou atravs de rotao.
Por exemplo, no Par o mamo consorciado com a pi-
menta do reino; no Rio Grande do Norte, plantado di-
retamente sobre reas de onde foram colhidos meles e
melancias; no Esprito Santo, prepara a rea para o estabe-
lecimento de cafezais. Devido sua rentabilidade, ainda
explorado como cultura nica, muitas vezes sendo a princi-
pal fonte de renda do produtor ou da empresa rural.
Diante disso, de estranhar que a produo de ma-
mo no Brasil dependa apenas de um hbrido de frutos
grandes, e de algumas variedades do grupo Solo, para fru-
tos pequenos. Face s dificuldades climticas e s ameaas
fitossanitrias, a cultura fica estrategicamente ameaada.
Considerando tudo isso, a Agrocinco, em parceria com a
East-West Seed, vem desenvolvendo avanadas pesquisas
82
P
em melhoramento gentico e tecnologias
para a cultura do mamo.
A Agrocinco trouxe ao mercado brasilei-
ro o hbrido Bela Nova F1, planta muito robus-
ta, precoce, de porte baixo, com frutos mdios a
grandes e elevada produtividade. Os primeiros fru-
tos do Bela Nova F1 praticamente tocam o solo, se-
guindo-se uma coluna de frutos que pode ser colhida
sem a ajuda de escadas ou plataformas durante boa par-
te do ciclo. Comparativamente, quando em uma lavou-
ra com variedades tradicionais torna-se necessrio o uso
de plataformas de colheita, em lavoura do Bela Nova F1
o colhedor ainda encontra frutos na altura do seu peito.
A Agrocinco e a East-West Seed tm como um dos prin-
cipais parmetros de seu programa de desenvolvimento a
qualidade dos frutos. Devem ser firmes, para resistir ao
transporte, e ao mesmo tempo apresentarem polpa su-
perior ao padro do mercado. O mamo Bela Nova F1
possui todas estas caractersticas sempre doce, muito
saboroso, de polpa espessa. Sua textura muito agrad-
vel, tambm permitindo cortes em fatias ou cubos. Em-
bora os mercados tradicionais, seja de qualquer pro-
duto, sempre tenham alguma resistncia mudana,
a inovao j est presente, com alternativa de qua-
lidade superior ao padro. O mamo Bela Nova F1
est agradando aos consumidores que tiveram a
oportunidade de experiment-lo, e os produ-
tores vm colecionando casos de sucesso co-
mercial com o novo hbrido.
Innovation in
papaya production
P
Agrocinco and East-West Seed launch hybrid Bela Nova F1 in
the Brazilian market, pleasing producers and consumers
Papaya is one of the most produced
and consumed fruit in Brazil which also
holds true for the volumes traded in the
distribution centers from North to South.
Since late 2015, the new species has cap-
tured the attention and interest of the pro-
ducers, due to the better prices it has been
fetching. A fact that stems from tight sup-
ply, resulting from some extreme tempera-
tures and reduction in planted area.
Papaya cultivations are particularly al-
luring to farmers, since, once established,
they generate income on a continuous
basis, as harvest occurs weekly. It is not
only peak prices that are pursued, but av-
erage prices for the entire cycle. For lots
of farmers, papayas represent a manner
to reduce their costs, whether through
Divulgao
double cropping or rotations.
For example, in Par papayas are
grown in association with red pepper; in
Rio Grande do Norte, the fruit is grown
right after melon and watermelon har-
vest; in Esprito Santo, papaya fields pre-
cede the establishment of coffee plan-
tations. Due to its profitability, the fruit
is also explored as a single crop, and is
often the main source of income of the
farmer or rural enterprise.
In light of this, it sounds strange that
the production of papayas in Brazil de-
pends on only one hybrid of big fruits,
and on some varieties of the Solo group,
for small fruit. In light of climate related
difficulties and phytosanitary threats, the
crop is strategically jeopardized. Consid-
ering all these variables, Agrocinco, in a
partnership with East-West Seed, has been
conducting advanced research on genet-
ic enhancement and technologies focused
on the cultivation of papayas.
Agrocinco introduced the hybrid Bela
Nova F1 in Brazil, a robust plant, with a
short cycle, small, with medium and big
fruits and very productive. The first fruits
of the Bela Nova F1 hang very close to the
ground, followed by a line of fruits that
can be collected without the help of a lad-
der or a platform during almost the en-
tire cycle. In terms of comparison, a field
planted with traditional varieties requires
the use of platforms for picking the fruit,
in Bela Nova F1 fields the fruits hang at the
height of the farmers thorax.
Agrocinco and East-West Seed have
chosen fruit development and quality
as major parameters of their program.
The fruits should be consistent in order
to withstand transportation and, at the
same time, their pulp should be of su-
perior quality. The Bela Nova F1 papaya
boasts all these traits always sweet, very
delicious and with a thick pulp. Its tex-
ture is really pleasing, allowing for slic-
es or cuts. Although traditional markets,
of any type of product, usually offer resis-
tance against changes, the innovation has
won its space, with quality alternatives
exceeding the common patterns. Bela
Nova F1 pleases the consumers who hap-
pen to have a taste of it, while the pro-
ducers are collecting commercial success
cases with the new hybrid.
83
Divulgao

Eventos events
S
Cadeias integradas

C
Setores de horticultura, floricultura, fruticultura, cultivo protegido e
culturas intensivas unem foras durante a 23 Hortitec, de 22 a 24 de junho
Considerada a maior e mais importante mostra da horti- Conforme Opitz, os diferenciais da tra-
cultura brasileira, a Exposio Tcnica de Horticultura, Flo- dicional promoo no interior paulista so in-
ricultura, Fruticultura, Cultivo Protegido e Culturas Inten- fraestrutura, atendimento, qualidade, abrangn-
sivas (Hortitec) chega a sua 23 edio em 2016. O evento cia e bom histrico adjetivos que contriburam
acontece de 22 a 24 de junho, no pavilho da Expoflora, em para os expressivos nmeros de 2015 e que prospec-
Holambra, no Estado de So Paulo. Promovida pela RBB tam o sucesso da edio em junho de 2016. Somente em
Promoes e Eventos, a mostra conta com o patrocnio do 2015, foram mais de 28,4 mil visitantes e negcios estima-
Banco Sicredi e se consolida ano aps ano como referncia dos em R$ 100 milhes. O dirigente esclarece que uma das
para as cadeias produtivas. At fevereiro, mais de 400 expo- marcas da Hortitec o pblico tecnificado, tendo em vista
sitores j haviam confirmado participao. que a maioria dos ingressos distribuda pelos prprios ex-
Conforme o diretor geral da 23 Hortitec, Renato Opitz, positores aos clientes atuais e potenciais.
so esperados empreendimentos dos setores de insumos, Para quem no receber convite, o valor da entrada ser
mquinas, equipamentos, estufas e servios em geral. de R$ 36,00, alm da meia entrada para estudantes e ter-
uma tima oportunidade para se fazer negcios e conta- ceira idade. Segundo os organizadores, nos ltimos anos
tos, assegura. Os participantes ainda podem participar das a Hortitec j ganhou expresso internacional e tornou-se
capacitaes tcnicas e dos encontros setoriais previstos na passagem obrigatria para os produtores rurais e pro-
programao e distribudos na rea de 36 mil metros qua- fissionais de agribusiness interessados em conhecer
drados, que inclui quatro pavilhes cobertos e rea ao ar li- as tendncias do mercado. As notcias atualizadas
vre. As atividades no parque durante a exposio aconte- do evento podem ser acompanhadas pelo site
cem diariamente, das 9 horas s 19 horas. www.hortitec.com.br.

84
Integrated chains
S
Horticulture, fruticulture and floriculture sectors, protected cultivations and
intensive farming join efforts during the 23rd Hortitec, June 22 through 24
Seen as the biggest and most important
Brazilian horticultural fair, the Technical Ex-
hibition of Horticulture, Fruit Production,
Floriculture, Protected Cultivation and In-
tensive Farming (Hortitec) reaches its 23rd
edition in 2016. The event takes place 22
June through 24, at the Expoflora pavilion,
in Holambra, State of So Paulo. Promoted
by RBB Promotions and Events, the exhibi-
tion relies on financial support from Banco
Sicredi and, year after year, is consolidating
as a reference for the supply chains. In Feb-
ruary, more than 400 exhibitors had con-
firmed their participation.
Divulgao
According to the general director of the
23rd Hortitec, Renato Opitz, enterprises of
the following segments are expected: in-
puts, machines, equipment, greenhouses
and services in general. It is an excellent
opportunity for contacts and businesses,
he comments. All participants will have
a chance to attend capacity building and
training activities, along with sectoral meet-
ings clearly defined in the program and
spread across the 36 square meter premis-
es, which include four pavilions and open
area spaces. The activities in the exhibition
venue go on from nine in the morning to
seven in the evening.
Opitz has it that the great differences of
the traditional promotion in the interior of
So Paulo include infrastructure, service,
quality, scope and a good historical back-
ground distinctions that have contribut-
ed towards the expressive numbers in 2015
and which hint at the success of the June
2016 edition. In 2015, the number of visi-
tors reached 28.4 thousand and businesses
were estimated at R$ 100 million. The offi-
cial maintains that one of Hortitecs distin-
guishing features is its technically-oriented
public, seeing that most of the admission
tickets are handed out by the exhibitors
themselves to their current or future clients.
For those who come without any invita-
tion, the admission fee is R$ 36, while there
are half price tickets for students and el-
derly people. According to the organizers,
over the past years, Hortitec has earned in-
ternational recognition and has turned into
a mandatory fair for commercial farmers
and agribusiness professionals interested in
keeping abreast of all market trends. Updat-
ed unfoldings of the event are available at
site www.hortitec.com.br.
85
 As nativas em destaque

C
Com enfoque nas fruteiras nativas e na sustentabilidade, So Lus, no
Maranho, sedia em outubro o 24 Congresso Brasileiro de Fruticultura
Com uma flora rica em frutas nativas, o Estado do Mara- fruticultura brasileira, proporcionando in-
nho recebe em 2016 o 24 Congresso Brasileiro de Fruticul- tercmbio de informaes em todos os seto-
tura. O encontro acontecer de 16 a 21 de outubro, no Cen- res envolvidos, argumenta. Realizada de forma
tro de Convenes Pedro Neiva de Santana, na capital, So bianual, a ltima edio aconteceu em 2014, na cida-
Lus, e ter como tema central Fruteiras Nativas e Sustentabi- de de Cuiab, no Mato Grosso.
lidade. A proposta reunir professores, pesquisadores, em- Dentro da temtica proposta para 2016, a ideia des-
presrios, estudantes e agricultores para discutir temas rele- tacar as fruteiras tpicas maranhenses e seu potencial, como
vantes e de interesse da fruticultura regional, do Pas e do o bacuri, aa (jussara), abric, cupuau e jenipapo, entre
mundo. A promoo da Sociedade Brasileira de Fruticultu- outros. Conforme o pesquisador, o Maranho tem capacida-
ra (SBF), da Universidade Estadual do Maranho (Uema), da de para explorar ainda mais este mercado, em especial por
Embrapa Cocais e do governo do Estado. ser considerado um dos estados mais estratgicos do Bra-
O professor Hamilton Jesus Santos Almeida, presidente sil, sede do Porto de Itaqui, o segundo maior do mundo.
do congresso, antecipa que a programao ir contemplar Na opinio de Almeida, outros diferenciais para expan-
10 conferncias, nove mesas redondas, nove minicursos e dir a produo de frutas nativas, e tambm exticas,
quatro cmaras tcnicas, alm de visitas tcnicas, lanamen- so as condies edafoclimticas favorveis do Es-
tos de livros e exposio de servios ligados ao segmento. tado, bem como sua vasta fronteira agrcola, com
Nosso intuito divulgar e discutir temas relevantes para a territrio superior a 30 milhes de hectares.

Rising interest in native species

W
With its focus on native fruit trees and sustainability, So Lus, in
Maranho, is the venue for the 24th Brazilian Fruit Production Congress
With an abundant flora, rich in native Professor Hamilton Jesus Santos Al- fruit trees in the State of Maranho and
fruit species, the State of Maranho is the meida, president of the congress, antic- their potential. These fruit trees include
venue for the 24th Brazilian Fruit Produc- ipates that the program includes 10 lec- the following: bacury, aa (jussara),
tion Congress, in 2016. The symposium has tures, nine round table debates, nine mammee apple, cupuau and genipap,
been scheduled for October 16 to 21, at the minicourses and four technical cham- among others. According to the research-
Pedro Neiva de Santana Convention Center, bers, besides technical visits, book launch er, Maranho has the capacity to explore
in So Lus, capital city, with its core focus sessions and exhibition of services linked this market even further, particularly be-
on Native Fruit Species and Sustainability. to the segment. Our intention is to de- cause it is one of the most strategic states
The idea is to attract professors, research- bate and spread themes relevant for Bra- in Brazil, home to the Itaqui Port, the sec-
ers, entrepreneurs, students and farmers to zils fruit farming business, providing for ond biggest in the world. Almeida main-
deliberate on relevant matters of interest to information exchange among all sectors tains that other variables that suggest in-
the regional, national and global fruit grow- involved, he argues. Held biennially, the creases in the production of native and
ing business. The promotion is by the Bra- last edition took place in 2014, in the cap- exotic fruits include the States favorable
zilian Fruticulture Society (SBF), of the State ital city of Mato Grosso, Cuiab. edaphoclimatic conditions, as well as its
University in Maranho (Uema), Embrapa The theme proposed for 2016 encom- vast agricultural frontier, with a territory
Coconut and State Government. passes the idea of highlighting the typical of more than 30 million hectares.

86
 CALENDRIO DAS FRUTAS FRUIT CALENDAR
Confira a agenda de eventos da cadeia da fruticultura para 2016
20 Festa Nacional da Ma
Data: 20 a 24 de abril de 2016
Local: Parque Nacional da Maa So Joaquim (SC)
Fone: (49) 9968 1828
E-mail: producaofestadamaca@gmail.com
Site: www.saojoaquimonline.com.br
ExpoVinis Brasil 2016
Data: 14 a 16 de junho de 2016
Local: Expo Center Norte Pavilho Amarelo So Paulo (SP)
Fone: (11) 3598 7800
E-mail: falecom@informa.com
Site: www.expovinis.com.br
12 Seminrio Nacional Sobre Fruticultura
de Clima Temperado (Senafrut)
Data: 14 a 16 de junho de 2016
Local: Parque Nacional da Ma So Joaquim (SC)
Fone: (49) 3233 8448
E-mail: senafrut@epagri.sc.gov.br
Slvio vila
23 Exposio Tcnica de Horticultura,
Floricultura, Fruticultura, Cultivo
Protegido e Culturas Intensivas (Hortitec)
Data: 22 a 24 de junho de 2016
Local: Expoflora Holambra (SP)
Fone: (19) 3802 4196
E-mail: contato@rbbeventos.com.br
Site: www.hortitec.com.br
Hortifruti Brasil Show & Foods Brasil 2016
Data: 28 a 30 de junho de 2016
Local: Centro de Eventos Fiep Curitiba (PR)
Fone: (41) 3072 1000
E-mail: hortifruti@pjeventos.com.br
Site: www.hortifrutibrasilshow.com.br
Congresso Internacional de Citrus
Data: 18 a 23 de setembro de 2016
Local: Mabu Thermas & Resort Foz do Iguau (PR)
Fone: (43) 3025 5223
E-mail: icc2016@fbeventos.com
Site: www.icc2016.com
Feira Internacional da Fruticultura
Tropical Irrigada (Expofruit)
Data: 21 a 23 de setembro de 2016
Local: Expocenter Mossor (RN)
Fone: (84) 3312 6939
E-mail: coex@mikrocenter.com.br/ expofruit@gmail.com
24 Congresso Brasileiro de Fruticultura (CBF)
Data: 16 a 21 de outubro em 2016
Local: So Lus Convention So Lus (MA)
Fone: (22) 2748 6075
E-mail: sbfmaranhao@gmail.com
Site: www.fruticultura.org
3 Simpsio Paranaense de Fruticultura
Data: novembro de 2017
Local: Centro de Eventos Pato Branco (PR)
Fone: (46) 3220 2536
E-mail: idemir@utfpr.edu.br
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