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  • Foster Por Um Conceito Do Politico Na Arte

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    Uriel Bezerra
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    Hal Foster apresenta discussões acerca da relação entre arte e política nos anos 1980

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    Hal Foster apresenta discussões acerca da relação entre arte e política nos anos 1980

    Direitos autorais:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Baixe no formato PDF ou leia online no Scribd
    Sinalizar o conteúdo como inadequado
    11 visualizações10 páginas

    Foster Por Um Conceito Do Politico Na Arte

    Enviado por

    Uriel Bezerra
    Hal Foster apresenta discussões acerca da relação entre arte e política nos anos 1980

    Direitos autorais:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Baixe no formato PDF ou leia online no Scribd
    Sinalizar o conteúdo como inadequado
    de 10
    1985 hy Hl Fee allege ered se plied by Bay Pr ia 1985, Fst Ne hes printing 1999 ‘alte United Sts by Tae Nee Pre Nr York oti by WH Nora 8 Company oe, Newark uray of Congress Calloging-in Mabietion Dats tnt re til tater Aap fo hry ety Tus nce ew lt Hay 20 ear te The Do Poe a tia ie 19909 afr prt aeration tomer paige arty det the bok pubing nt) “The New Ps psi th alert ar yr rat a, 2 ‘mit pling omar os werk of eatin, ara td mil ta es dem airy aso wmtheneepes cm rei de Unie Stes Amer yeresei2! For Samy Tat cea is Amc Rang he ed nd ete at Aan, 0 For a Concept of the Political in Contemporary Art Consider these two emblematic dates: 1089, the eontenary of Maris death, ad 1984, ehe dread year of Orwell dystopia ofthe prev? For Sefencr, sod 30 we ave alfred, on right and pose tas the Fidenogy Pedeterininant "1894 slip alma very biercet ea of sgt {es ttaitarianian, commits) thot sigials, to conservatives [Sel icra ate “the prsent danyer" of Mari ae eel s+ Tema reactionary reading that tends ty edhiee sacs to cept perhaps 4 moineat of slog polarity and stared Uisbeation. But oven thie dilaton obers insights, For it sets the febriity of ove historical arp symptoms af which ae every {the conswmpsion of story in media ies by a Ghnted_ publi, the profsion af pastiche i art archiectre, Fetion, film)! And yet diagnosis tricky: Is thie frgentation an lsion, an iealogy of some (ol polite “ris.” sy, wrs Istria “contradiction (sit symptom af 2 colt “sehiz- shvenia” to bo deplored? Or fit, Bray, the sign of society in ‘which diference and discuntiity rightly cullenge ides of totale By and continuity? For the moment we need only retain a yense ofthis dinacation, 19 osmMonRnn poLeMes foie his that hus compelled a contemporary etbinkg ofthe ratios hetween the cultura andthe politi, thesoealand the ec: ‘omic. Thisrethinkiogoften takes the orm ofa critique of Maran concepts ofc and ofthe means of production, pempted in part bya poreived significance of th cultural in cet. Below T want ‘consider these ives in tem of recent western poll ark. ow does the critique ofthe coneopt of elas relate t the seal realist representation of given sect of istry? How das the riique ofthe productive apparatus bear on modernist programs like productvism that urge its entra transformation? And how i the cultural does pervade roc eachange, does this veion af fect the strategie poston of political ar? That, items wo longer be conceived as representative ofa clas, materially productive o | clay vnygand, how ind where politi art te be posed? ‘Murs eomerpes, however selenite! or rien, re subject te ister limits tis ay he parteanly the ease with the Marist strest om he proleturtin) cate as robject of Wty andon the mun uf production objec ef revolutionary strap. Tase to questions of chs agency ad of prods sere cen tral tothe current entque of Marxism: they are ud Fess important tos consideration of politi at ty. For Mars itis the worker who produces the werd and he wh must eine the meant of prdivetion from capital nthe mane os thew clletioty For myrid reasons (radial divisions within the ‘ntormtiona division of labor, seriaity of mass euure, reapers tion by conporatist pally.) this has aeerae only a eagiaen: tary sway, atl Marais have had to question whether the worker ln the place of production remains the fleror of seca change. (Undeed, toAndté Core, the revelatory agent olay ihe "nan class of aonworkers who, fee of productivs idealgy, are ale to deny capitalist rationality snd! see rtvida stonomy) De spe sans of recent groletaranzation. new soil orces~ women, blak, ther “minorities.” gay movements, ecological rou, sta dents ~ have made clear the unique importance of gender snd semua ference, ice and the third word, the revlt of mature und the relation of power and knowledge, im such 3 way thatthe Ho concept of dass, it sto sine a ach, mut beatae inrln thse tris. Ines. therete Ba sed fom class scrofa tthe ear cotton fsa rata om economic erty soca dierence. In sor, fetal stragle now so eyo proces offen a litical ived bess of Ths sma wy, ol art iow conse et ems she represent ac st (ssc elon) thin oa Cigar of wc sopeantaioe gender pong, ene er Soni fe), Such scan etn it the eso id incon ofthe policed att ty part or sol, mer o> fu of at sn instr rerelattnary chang fom the ‘reductisthou Bret and Denjin aries asd Tel DieDallcaed ta Martun mate fsa entation, Recording te day ade of radon (ey, mt ciple) defines pea of prone es nd sca Ua eerie ad pps nd rete) Ae tie pane for Seo ine mane od tee ara Mar wren WA Corbin toe Crue of [Catron 16859) “From fn espns he reso trea ee eas fr hfs Then ge he Spek fst rover Twn pet el sewn mpl rage, the taf the mt le: At Boni sen ht Predcer"(Gnne swt hg sho tnt) se sat mot cet on Mc porto ni pres f pact. srt he apron ere of he ours: mgt the {pelea clooney wortochsnge te mene CV adutinn. er ore hin spk for this ew scl re, he thatalign bs pct wih proctitis ey he at F euforned thom a spp the predictive appr to Sn evuce whose talk toate ppt the ‘pase lth okt revchtin *The tore impatnce Xrtr pnp cone be ened nase forms son pro Shatin the Beane) Ol nad ptt ees the “ston fetal lb: trn workers tt proces ofa and to foe the artist and intellectual fos the “impossible place” of benefactor and ideologial patron.” This program of productive art also did much socially to soground forms that ul bevome a= ‘eri (es, academic seulptute) or mezly releive (e.¢,cabiie ‘painting. And finally i did much thenretclly both eo discredit Thana eae of art ac eepresenttionsl or abstract and to prompt a ‘new model of meaning as actively pretuced, not passively (hen ‘nsitetionaly) eoeved, Bot so posed, without dne recogpition af the corps medi ios involved, thie productive conception of art wy tend toe technoeate oF instrumental view ofelture. Tosufctenty dial ‘ia, has prompted sever illais: dhe "Breen notion that the denil of ourgenis conventions (4, llusioniam fn painting) ‘sips facta pail entique or the "Barthesian” lly that pro: Aluctvist artis fee of ideolegy because as an activity 2 engages the re (Burthes: “The appressed makes the word, hela oy an ative, tranve (polit) Inyunge: th oppressor conserves ie hss Ianguage planar, eames, festa, theatrical fie Niyth-"F Pialy, die model a tse ruc wetiity may be compromised by proditivin pers, in which “all evoltignaty hope fshourd up ina Prmethoanrythof productive forces," the Tiberaton” af which “ieconfosed withthe Mberation of nan Foe sy thenny centered an the means of prodacton may note ae fe account cally forthe mgueance of emsuunption® for the ‘snsurmpton of sgtcancs) or history forthe importance of ‘nea ed sexs dfereace (seed to other cultures or within ‘ow oe. “Today progresive soil forces in the wt cannot he defined stctly fn terns of "production man" for two enone, Histor tally, women, Mack, stlente, were lng suboenat prods tion or consigned toarcaliontside eto eoestnpion or elt: nd soc, the site of trot Fr these pital fore ase 1 celtural code of representtn the meme af prediction 8 auch homo sigrifcnns as hom eronomiens, For example, pti rely sad rain, thoogh almoat trctorl to any given workplace, ie ist lead i cat ietitatine ik the seluel or throws Ma the media, Soch institutions subject us unequally toa socal strc. tore whose center remains the patriarchal white male: das iis there, in sueh institaions, that patriarchal and racist practices ‘nast Bet be resisted. Now these inaitutions are governed by exp- Aaland serve ts iterets~in he construction of adjusted” seal lypet But for any mude of preducton, capitalist or otherwise, ‘theultimate condition of production” is sill the reproduction of the conditions of production," then eultaral subjection vin such insitetione ae dhe school and the mess resins paramount: "as ‘ve consume’ the code, infect, we ‘reproduce’ the system." ‘Marais, the, ts fced with two displacements from concept ofan (ri) cas subject af history tox concern withthe prodac- tion of the suc subject history ff subjectivity as subjection) and ran fous onthe means of production (on use and exchange ‘ale) toa interest in the procesesofereulation and the codes of eonsumption (sign enchange vale). And it is only in Tight of there displacements that the related repositioning of pal rt ‘sie the socal toally eau be grasped. pelted srt tm dhe Tsteopitilit west cin a longer be comocived spl a a repre sentation fa els subject (in terms ofa "message wa the given ‘redina fart orm inetraanent af eevolationary change (terms ‘st werk” done on the prohctive appara), this s due nto the Styli lure of these to programs but to new conditions that titer postin can addren wt eprciBely. Ta put tsp cher Ibu construct of speci social prare, nots historical datum aoa “there to be represented at appears in sca reais). And the prodictive apparatus, even ft ean be culrallytranefomed, my ‘longer be the sole eux of pala! power. “This not to ay that the polite sts eannet speak for the op- pressed or lig his production wih the workers. Clesly the pol- fice of representation i 3 still contents) flare what seers ‘icin Soo my be cowaterrevelutonary im Nears. To re think the polite then, is vot to ee out any representational anor but rather to question specific uses and materia fleets = to ‘question the arsbinption of tuth in the protest peste, af realm inthe documentiry photograph, of collectivity in the tet mura ry | t [Nie thie rethinking to ce the need te tinafra the proactive appuratas only to spect it aca storia program even by 197, ‘when Benjaninpebished "thors Prodan polit action aint the productvist program inthe Soviet Union was ll but ‘camplete. and Benjamin was soon to tora from revlutionary prom nosis to a melanchaly messianism) or, conversely a «project fo the continually written in terms ofthe present conjunctre leaky ndder multinational capitalism the productive appar has changed, and intervention in the consimption of mediated ‘mage nay now ore eriial than th ereston of prvste ones. "Toreconcesve the project of plitieal at ienecessary nt only to grip the enneetinn hte thee tn displacements in cae sl production, bt ako fo relate them to a hid feonterted) i= placement: fons «theory that power i based socal consent Ezaranteed by eles or tte sony, 8 henry that per epee ste va tec! control that “iveplines” one behavior fad eed our bodtes directly As conceived by Michel Pouca, tH fontrol i mater tera deol erpresetations at yay tet a to one te tlved or real slits Un of well egies (at work ta seo, the cnporation, ete] that structure ear ves materi Thong It dese tones of pre adress the ways In which the individ is iserted foto society, dis deplcement ‘Afcamecived ae sch) helps to ean why sues of representation land sexuality, of symholle versus conome determination, and of | “total systems” are s0 debited in euural poten today. For i “only relation to these ine hit weca decide the present pace sod raport of political a. The Place of Culture In bourgeois ocetycultre iy generally considered autonomous, separate from material prodaction, Marsbi ieelts this palit ‘mode ofthe cultural and the coonomie bat stresses the trou Intorsction ofthe two, lis model of ase and superstructare has Ted to maay valgarisms: for example, the notion thatthe culural ut parse reflects the ecanomie (that the wujetive, abstr Intute ftmodernat dint exprenion of epitalit reietin). Dut this del hon also prompted importint revisions sch arth Althusserim aument tht the ecenome sdetetninan only "in the lst instances that, hough any ven Iisariea juncture ic renletermined, it omaine goversed by 1 "atroctare fm dae Sance"sand tha the enwality betwee the ecianmic and the tun is not diect or expressive hut “strvctral” (wherehy the evel of any set frnation are related by diferenen and entra lei, at yond). Ticovins snd anthropologists awe ako anwed that the ase! soperauctare model is historically lited hit uther pers al eturescannnt he adegguitely mearored by 1" Fur example, Jeu Banded has sugwested that eur viet, based i on the equivalence of commodities and of sign, is haunted by The “anlvalence” tat governs syle exchange prinitive 9 ties) Sto, silent, Masian and thers have explored Specs of exstenes abacured by this model domestic work {atesed by feminists like Clistine Delpy; the spaces and pre tices of everyday fe Tene Lefebvre; the "mythologies" ofbumaa, ‘stare spd common sense active fishin andthe media ( Barthes Std co forth However inchve, all thee ete tl se the cultural nd the ‘economic at (semiutonomeus reals related by idesgy- They fe eoncersod with the deryatieation of ths separation with the Silenes erated by i they do aot eect onthe patent rinte- frtion of one eal ints the other. Av yet such sth realty we Seem t fice ao: wbreskdown in the eld sruetral apposition of the cultural and the economic inthe simultancors “oramodlic Won” of the former and “symbolization” of the latter. "Today. Baudilad angus, “consumption defies thie stage where te ‘commodity ts immediately produced a sgn, as sig value, snd vere sigs ular) are predaced as commodities, oti produced or ochangel tay (jets, series, bles, re Erwan decoded ecavely ai, Ms nor sally esaued x «commatlys everything sppesr ithe ‘ntet of «general poiieal economy tn which te deteriining fevtance i ipdlnolbly both [coment amd igo, and bath only th sense that hey are abo spre determinations, Bueno form * [Now ther indeed such a commutation of the cultural nd the economic, it must he grasped poiicllys part aa new problein- sti, not ethically as pe the nsualeondemaation or celebration of the “collpee” of art into comnence ot the “merger” of high and low cultre- And basically there ate two adversarial pitons take on this problematic, one more radial thn the other ‘Acconling wo the st pesition, the euler emt ste n flock of econoue determination of of Weologel refeton of the encoded ales af ene cles: it ase af eontesaton, in and fr colorations, ta whic al socal grog Ive whe. Now ths hegemony of representations sd dsciplines cannot be elo ‘ively contested by eneventona el trap aloe, for hewemany Sperntes ay much though eultral oubjectio dee Awe ‘Sonomie exploitation — which fee reaton why tania ppc analysis and Fencauldoan critiques of disciplinary seid appt ‘tute now appear eueial politi Hicory, With ultare he seen as arte of seu, the rroteny thet Clown a ee of ne GGramscian resistince or interforence— hore and now=to the hegemonic code of calla reresenttion snd ene regimene (whether or not Oh ade et he ed strictly bythe Marsist hook of capital “The second position onthe commutation ofthe cult and the ‘economic, though more radia, i ako more debilitated. On tis ‘orion (which mit he called Daudellands Endgims), we con front a total systom i the face of which resistance isall but ft, fer aot only le the cultural commodified (a "indutry” inthe Frankfurt Schoo diygeoss) but the econonie snow "the mata site of symbole peodustin."* Aecording to this poston, the hoor: rable nolonger needs ateaditional colre to impress ts ealoy tor retain seule; the commodity no longer requires the guise of pecs er set value for us to submit iti is ts own excuse, 16 ts own ideolagy. Here capt as penetrated even the sg, with theresa tha vesbstane to the cade via the code almost strata Aly impossible, Worse, this resistance aay be ease ith the Nery action of epi “Tis at point wil be dearer if we take as an example the “ene tique of represen” 0 cental (pox) modernst art and ert {dim In sul practice the epstemlogeal vole of representations tape usted e.g atthe documentary rath ofa photo ‘gop and teoloel orns of meaning may be deconsteeted iene of whom er what uy ts ruch-zate ba eating destractred? bs pestle ste ithe Islikly nt ny to ercerate or “sti” abit eo think our preset bt alse i serve capital ts ers 3 tata ors {end and community ever, 4 0 tty ad the nation state ‘ne ca only ls anbivalewt bout Helets eit as capital berate us font rpressvely centered strut Te ald eons, delice ont wow or resded ees fd isthe ser ty). So fon one ee gay he abide abot a dig tensa cpital that ones between ral celebration of ensign realy naga or strvetoes eroded yt With Uke ach, though, one cat agree: the rea radiata p> ft Tor it ten effects the new lai fons hy which we Tive but al destroys the ol. More than ay avant ga, et fe te ent f teamgerson and shack which fee ream shy Sc sites fn wt now Seem a redundant 3 resist seen Title, What ie needed, then, 4 pavtce thot somehow exceeds the cain of eapital its nonivaras aby to recoup and ecods ‘ad yotaccedesnethce to stale for mandarin elt onthe we fad orto romani steteses of margality or niin om the other, “Ths elation of moder art andl expt i sore comple n= Livon than this epitope) position allows. TJ. Clark has 2e- cently famed tin terms ofan ambivalence: whereas the transres- Sve vant yard (dada, sarrealists.| sa “an adcantage frat tn the patil condthine of iological confusion and woken ata epithe ar osnmonen roneses coer capital” (thw wide to take parti the genera untidy ‘work of negation), frmal Creenbergian madernsts held that rt rst “suite sacl for the values eapttixn has made vehi Tee" Such iil forstal at, poved by Greenberg sine bth the Afesanrtanism ofthe sede and the debasement of kitsch, eculd not forestall commodifeaton, noe cou ity distillation of ssthetie value serve asa substitute far Tt seta meanings. And 838 fr the strategy of te aunt garde, it may be that ts esthetic resations occasionally prompted sosial praxs—ia art such 36 Brecht where "ideologies confasio’ sted into palit! con- testationhut these excepts largely prove the re: the avant sarde wis, Fnot am agent of expt, then at Test mits wmbivalent yi capital nat de to sant garde advocacy cfbeungenit nations ofhitoieal progres In eneral, the progranh ofthe modern avant garde was one of total tanormision or tari cloge (lel al fr the new objeetworld of moderns Zyl not of sorta etterment Nl, the eaison sith apt ol the sant ge involves it twin klevlogis of tapi and tansresson, ‘oth of whch clearly abetted the moderaization of westere san ie. For what hat ret the fre of the ety snore completely Han the "utpis” ofmodern acntectre, wel tabular rasa For exp fant development?" And what has wecwsted ws mare subtly the chaoref the Ite-captlist world than the shack he nomena saver in malern oF? Ain, the service rendered capt by the ‘rant garde was ambivalent and, at moments, swerve (He Interests But now appatenty itis sipertioss, for by all sigs Tunes eakure as ncrified the very ant jarde that i once retained as Ht provositeue: "Wi independent, cite, and pro- sven tatlligentai was pa to death fy Hs own cass"™" “The "ia eaneoption of expiant afer we med nthe sway eit steno oy, One cand ie ane than bee eth the lie of explo somehow go Uhrgh tw other side sshichTeaves uh on the ene band, with an indefinite delay le ‘stalin ea only come after capital as penetated all pyeh Iojeal sna repli space) and om the other ith argue of us ‘pital tht enthuses over ite dteraptionsand intontes. (An exam le ofthis ceelatry eritiqc my well be art that weeks eet Ines the media, t “opin” on expecta) This program Tends to min, ar annetines by fsn-Frangois Lyotard whet he evar that the exoitlis liquidation of ctl ormemmust bo made “ull more liquid. As fr the program of avant-zarde trnssression, i is euturaly spect aad htorelly hound to» productivist moded (a in change the appartac’, toa simplistic netion ef eulogy as ene ceaded class beliof (as in “tansress the conventions), ta no tenons deaf at as rstrsment of revalutionary chage—all this {pact om te commpisty with eal. Tn shor, bots enpitalogie fn trmopresive programs mast generally be put to one side in fiwur af the fist position (counteregemonie and resitnt) setehed sve: tose in the sei oemation not tka ster Tot a conjuncture of practices, many adversuril, where the e tural san arena a which ative contestation possible For se ‘nays erect ts anly ty Sue terms as a price of re tince er interference ~ thatthe political in western rt cn new be nkped From ‘Transgression to Resistance Thece are no fied or generic sebjectn polite at: Nistor spe-

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