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1
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
2
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
010 | FUVEST 1978 014 | PUCCAMP 1994
Assinale a alternativa que completa corretamente a Assinale a letra correspondente à alternativa que preenche
sentença: corretamente as lacunas da frase apresentada a seguir:
Of all the movies I have seen lately, the one I saw yesterday - "Did Jerry come to work yesterday?"
was __________. - "Yes, he did. He arrived __________ than his colleagues,
but worked the __________ so that he got as much done as
a) worse. the others."
b) worst. - "Good. He's a very responsible fellow."
c) the worse.
d) the worst. a) late – harder
e) the most worse. b) later – hardest
c) earlier – hard
011 | UDESC 1996 d) early – hardest
Choose the correct grammatical answer: e) sooner – harder
3
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
019 | UFRS 1997 024 | UEL 1994
The word that does not form the comparative in the same Assinale a alternativa que preenche corretamente a lacuna
way as large or short is: da frase a seguir:
a) confused – exhaust – excited I firmly believe that the tougher the laws, __________ the
b) confusing – exhausted – exciting criminal rate.
c) confuse – exhausting – exciting
d) confusing – exhaust – excited a) the lowest
e) confused – exhausted – excited b) lowest
c) the lower
021 | EFOMM 2008 d) lower
The lecture we’ve attended was not good. It was quite e) low
__________, and the audience was __________.
026 | UNESP 1989
a) amusing – amused The sooner a man begins to work __________.
b) bored – boring
c) amused – amusing a) the bad
d) boring – bored b) the best
e) interesting – interested c) the worst
d) the better
022 | EFOMM 2008 e) the good
Caren has a strange look. She seems to live on __________
frozen meals. 027 | PUC 1975
Fill in the blank of the following sentence correctly:
a) bad-prepare
b) recent-cooking The hole in front of his garage is becoming __________.
c) old-make
d) new-preparing a) deep and deep
e) ready-made b) deeper and deeper
c) deep and deeper
023 | UNESP 1983 d) deeper and deepest
Assinale a alternativa correta: e) deepest and deepest
Life in New York City is sometimes __________ harder than 028 | UNESP 1997
in any other town in the world. A lion is __________ than a dog.
a) very a) strong
b) much b) strongest
c) many c) more strong
d) so d) stronger
e) as e) most strong
4
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
029 | UNESP 1998 034 | PUCPR 1998
Assinale a alternativa que preenche corretamente a lacuna Choose the only correct alternative to complete the spaces:
da frase adiante:
I. The United States is not __________ as Brazil.
This hill is __________ than I thought it was. II. The Everest is __________ mountain in the world.
III. Chimpanzees are __________ than dogs.
a) more lower IV. Aids is __________ disease of human being.
b) lowest V. Mike Tyson is __________ as Evander Holyfield.
c) lower
d) more low a) as beautiful – the higher – so intelligent – the bad – more
e) more high strong
b) more beautiful – the most high – as intelligent – the
030 | MACKENZIE 1997 baddest – so strong
Indicate the alternative that best completes the following c) so beautiful – the high – most intelligent – the badder –
sentence: stronger
d) so beautiful – the highest – more intelligent – the worst –
His salary as a pilot is much higher __________. as strong
e) as beautiful – as highest – more intelligent – the worst –
a) in comparison of teachers strongest
b) to compare as a teacher's
c) than that of a teacher 035 | UNESP 2000
d) than of teachers' Assinale a alternativa que preenche corretamente a lacuna
e) than a teacher da frase apresentada:
031 | FEI 1997 This is the __________ day I have ever had.
Complete:
a) worse
John is __________ than the other students in his classroom, b) bad
but he is the __________. c) worst
d) less good
a) younger – most intelligent e) very bad
b) younger – more intelligent
c) more young – intelligentest 036 | UNESP 2001
d) most young – more intelligent Assinale a alternativa que preenche corretamente a lacuna
e) more young – most intelligent da frase apresentada:
5
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
038 | UFPE 2002 042 | FEI 2000
"The caveman had a much harder life" means that his life WORST é superlativo de:
was:
a) well
a) much easier. b) good
b) more difficult. c) worn
c) less dangerous. d) bad
d) just as thrilling. e) wealthy
e) not as hard as ours.
043 | PUCPR 1999
039 | FATEC 2002 Which is the option that completes the sentences
Interactivity makes life __________, yet __________ and CORRECTLY?
consumer-oriented. Plus, it's turning the world into a teeny,
homogenized global village and that is ultimately boring! I. English is not __________ as Portuguese.
II. Australia is __________ island in the world.
– A alternativa que preenche correta e respectivamente os III. In my opinion, Frank Sinatra was __________ singer of
espaços em branco é: this century.
IV. São Paulo is __________ as New York.
a) more easier – hurrier V. Europe is __________ from Brazil than EUA.
b) more easy – more hurried
c) easyer – hurrieder a) so difficult – bigger – the best – more noisier – as farther
d) easier – hurrieder b) difficultest – biggest – the good – as noisier – farther
e) easier – more hurried c) as difficult – the biggest – the best – as noisy – farther
d) as difficult – the bigger – the best – so noisy – farther
040 | PUCPR 2001 e) difficulter – most big – better – noisiest – so farther
About adjectives, choose the alternative that completes the
sentences correctly: 044 | PUCMG 1999
The capital expression in "The moment of discovery was NO
I. Is this | 1 one you have? LESS MAGICAL THAN the day in 1922" means that the
II. Celine Dion sings | 2 Madonna, but Madonna dances | 3. moment:
III. I wish I was | 4 Sean Connery.
IV. The church is | 5 monument of the town. a) was as magical as
b) was more magical
a) 1. the better; 2. best than; 3. well; 4. so handsome as; 5. c) was less magical
the more ancient d) wasn't magical
b) 1. the best; 2. so well as; 3. best; 4. more handsome than; e) was most magical
5. the ancienter
c) 1. the worst; 2. worse than; 3. better; 4. most handsome 045 | PUCRS 1999
than; 5. the most ancient The expression "as many as 80" expresses a capacity of:
d) 1. the best; 2. as well as; 3. better; 4. as handsome as; 5.
the most ancient a) not more than 80.
e) 1. the worse; 2. better than; 3. best; 4. as handsome than; b) at least 80.
5. the least ancient c) over 80.
d) less than 80.
041 | MACKENZIE 2001 e) close to 80.
Indicate the alternative that best completes the following
sentence: 046 | UNIT 1999
"Less intimate and more isolated" are comparatives. Check
The more I read this book, __________. the item that contains the correct superlative from of the
two adjectives:
a) the less I understand it
b) most is what he doesn't know a) The intimatest and the more isolated.
c) the least do I understand it b) The intimatest and the least isolated.
d) more I like c) The most intimate and the less isolated.
e) the most I can understand d) The least intimate and the less isolated.
e) The least intimate and the most isolated.
6
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
047 | FEI 2000 052 | UFPE 2003 – ADAPTED
The sidewalks are getting NARROWER. Indique o antônimo The expression more and more, in "more and more
de NARROWER: complex" and in "more and more intelligent":
7
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
056 | UERJ 2004 061 | UFRS 2007
“If it's noisy, call back from somewhere quieter.” Select the correct alternative to complete the sentence
below:
The suffix -er in quieter is semantically equivalent to the
suffix in: The opposite of SMALLER and LIGHTER is respectively
__________ and __________.
a) manners.
b) users. a) littler – easier
c) caller. b) larger – heavier
d) louder. c) larger – easier
d) little – heavier
057 | UFV 2004 e) bigger – greater
All the options below are examples of comparatives, except:
062 | FATEC 2008
a) younger. Assinale a alternativa que apresenta o uso correto do termo
b) controller. fewer como no exemplo "fewer than one in five owners of a
c) rarer. mobile-wallet handset":
d) harder.
e) smaller. a) Mary has fewer money than John.
b) My teacher has fewer patience than the other teachers.
058 | UFV 2005 c) This company has fewer equipments than the others.
Choose the alternative in which BOTH words are examples d) My brother plays fewer musics than I do.
of the comparative form: e) Sue has fewer friends than her sister does.
8
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
066 | FGV 2007 070 | UFSC 1997 – ADAPTED
In the sentence "Brazil's strong currency will likely also lead Select the proposition(s) in which the capital letters are
to a loosening of foreign exchange restrictions", the word ADJECTIVES:
LIKELY indicates a:
(01) The sun's rays are very POWERFUL.
a) comparison. (02) Don't take your VALUABLES on the beach.
b) conclusion. (04) COCONUTS are delicious.
c) probability. (08) The coral reef is BEAUTIFUL.
d) preference. (16) Monkeys can be DANGEROUS.
e) certainty. (32) The hotel is not RESPONSIBLE for your valuables.
9
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
075 | MACKENZIE 1997 080 | JFS 2008
The same as 'Mr. Burton hardly talked to me.' is: BARELY is used in "Mike and Josh have barely enough to pay
the rent this month."
a) Hardly did Mr. Burton talked to me.
b) Hardly Mr. Burton talked to me. – Mark the option in which it must also be used to complete
c) Hardly did Mr. Burton talk to me. the sentence meaningfully.
d) Did Mr. Burton hardly talk to me.
e) Mr. Burton talked to me hardly. a) Although she had been ill for a long time, it still came as a
shock when she __________ died.
076 | MACKENZIE 1997 b) If you miss this train you can __________ catch the next
A sentença "Mal sabia ele que ela era casada", em inglês, one.
seria: c) He almost never washes the dishes and he rarely, if
__________, does any cleaning.
a) He didn't little know that she married. d) She was __________ fifteen when she won her first
b) Did he little know that she was married. championship.
c) Badly knew he that she married. e) __________ I'll have a piece of chocolate after the meals,
d) Little did he know that she was married. but it's quite rare.
e) Little knew he that she was married.
081 | FUVEST 1979
077 | AFA 2004 Assinale a alternativa que preenche corretamente as
“An elderly German decided to commit suicide. Took a lot of lacunas:
pills, tied a briefcase full of stones around his neck, rowed
out into the middle of the Rhine and was found sound It's __________ difficult to find __________ a good wine.
asleep in his boat.”
a) so – such
(Buffalo News) b) such – so
c) such – such
In the first sentence “An elderly German decided to commit d) so – so
suicide” the word elderly is used as: e) such a – so
10
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
084 | MACKENZIE 1997 089 | UFPE 2000
Indicate the alternative that best completes the following Allen: You're pretty dirty.
sentence: Helen: I'm even prettier when I'm clean.
We're having __________ beautiful weather everybody – In "pretty dirty", pretty is equivalent to:
__________.
1) very
a) so – can relax 2) somewhat
b) such a – wants to go out on the weekends 3) more
c) so – likes it 4) beautiful
d) such a – have been having fun 5) ugly
e) such – feels good
– The correct choices are:
085 | MACKENZIE 1999
I have been studying __________ I can __________ English. a) 2 – 3
b) 4 – 5
a) as hard as – to learn c) 3 – 4
b) so hard as – learning d) 1 – 2
c) more hard as – to be learning e) 1 – 5
d) harder than – to have learned
e) as much hard – to learn 090 | FATEC 2005 – ADAPTED
O advérbio SO na frase "he did so efficiently and discreetly"
086 | MACKENZIE 1999 pode ser substituído de forma adequada e sem prejuízo de
Please turn off the lights. I have to develop this film and it's significado por:
__________ here.
a) very.
a) bright enough b) too.
b) much bright c) enough.
c) too bright d) less.
d) brighter e) a little.
e) enough bright
091 | MACKENZIE 1996
087 | UECE 1998 – ADAPTED Choose the correct alternative to complete the following
O vocábulo quite na sentença a seguir exerce a função de: sentence:
She sat with her head thrown back upon the cushion of the Mr. Myers told me he will leave __________.
chair, quite motionless.
a) by train; for Paris; at 8 o'clock; next week.
a) substantivo. b) for Paris; at 8 o'clock; next week; by train.
b) adjetivo. c) next week; at 8 o'clock; by train; for Paris.
c) verbo. d) at 8 o'clock; next week; for Paris; by train.
d) advérbio. e) for Paris; by train; at 8 o'clock; next week.
11
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
093 | MACKENZIE 1998 098 | UFV 2000
Indicate the alternative that best completes the following In the sentence "What is the BEST way to live?", the capital
sentence: word is the superlative form of the adjective:
12
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
103 | OSEC 1977 108 | EEAR 2008
Complete the sentence meaningfully: In “It was a fair game”, we conclude that the game was
played:
Everybody feels __________ in spring time.
a) well.
a) gooder b) badly.
b) more good c) honestly.
c) so good d) brilliantly.
d) better
e) as good 109 | ITA 1995
O termo seldom, entre aspas no trecho adiante, poderia ser
104 | FAAP 1975 substituído por:
Marque a alternativa correta:
As an American Express Card member, you will enjoy a
Your classroom is not so __________ as mine. Mine is the relationship with us that goes beyond the ordinary. You will
__________ in the school. be treated as a MEMBER, not a number. And you will receive
the respect and recognition 'seldom' found today.
a) bigger – biggest
b) greater – greatest a) occasionally.
c) great – greater b) rarely.
d) large – largest c) often.
e) large – more large d) usually.
e) always.
105 | EFOMM 1997
Take it easy, John! You need not work so __________. 110 | UEL 1996
In the text bellow, the word nearly means:
a) hardly
b) harder After 20 years of scientific advances, 'nearly' three out of
c) hard four infertile couples seeking medical assistance to have a
d) hardest child still go home to an empty crib.
e) hardy
a) almost.
106 | EEAR 2008 b) hardly.
“You can fold most umbrellas” means that we can: c) close.
d) far.
a) enlarge them. e) over.
b) open them easily.
111 | UNESP 1990
c) hardly carry them.
d) make them smaller. The sun __________ rises in the west.
a) always
107 | EEAR 2008
b) never
Read the sentence below:
c) often
d) sometimes
“In Mexico, 60% of men and 40% of women are
e) usually
overweight.”
112 | UFRS 1996
– According to the sentence above, we can conclude that
Gradually and powerfully are adverbs formed from the
the percentage of overweight men is:
adjectives gradual + ly and powerful + ly, respectively. Other
adjectives can take the same suffix to form adverbs, in the
a) lower.
same way, except:
b) highest.
c) higher. a) historic.
d) lowest. b) usual.
c) wild.
d) abrupt.
e) intelligent.
13
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
113 | FUVEST 1977 119 | JFS 2012
Qual destas alternativas só contém expressões que indicam Which word is not an adverb?
tempo?
a) Wholly.
a) suddenly, at the same moment, through, just in time. b) Weekly.
b) just, suddenly, apparently, all her life. c) Earthly.
c) just, after, all, then. d) Sadly.
d) any more, apparently, at the same moment. e) Proudly.
e) right now, all her life, at the same moment, then.
120 | ITA 2010 – ADAPTED
114 | MACKENZIE 1976 Leia o seguinte fragmento:
Complete:
With Japan about to hold an election that could end 55
- "Have you finished your book yet?" years of almost uninterrupted one-party rule, the
- "Yes, I’ve __________ done it." __________ (I) ordinary citizens can fill the power vacuum
by taking part in public life, the __________ (II).
a) still
b) yet The Economist, de 8/8/2009.
c) already
d) ever Assinale a opção que preenche corretamente as lacunas I e
e) não sei II, no excerto acima.
a) yesterday
b) later
c) last year
d) last month
e) last week
a) Beautiful.
b) Harmful.
c) Colourful.
d) Roomful.
e) Sorrowful.
14
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
005 | PUCMG 2001 – ADAPTED
Pronouns I had just participated in a project that was to determine the
minimum size of forest fragment necessary to save native
001 | ITA 1995 – ADAPTED
species of animals and plants from extinction. With this
The defenders of Normandy were not the best of Hitler's
information, scientists could then work to form preservation
army. Those were in Russia and Italy, as well as in France,
areas in the forest fragments left behind by cattle ranchers.
but on the other side of the Seine, the Pas-de-Calais, which
the Germans thought the more likely invasion target.
– The word THIS refers to the:
(Extracted from Time – June 6, 1994) a) utilization of many valuable native species
b) necessity of urgently saving birds from extinction
– O pronome demonstrativo "those" faz referência aos:
c) size of the forest needed for wildlife reserves
a) Soldados escalados para a defesa da Normandia. d) destruction of thousands of native species
b) Soldados soviéticos da Ásia Central.
c) Soldados mais adestrados do exército de Hitler. 006 | UNIFESP 2002 – ADAPTED
d) Soldados das divisões estacionárias. The rise of molecular biology since the late 1950s has had
the gradual and quite unforeseen effect of turning the eyes
e) Soldados russos, italianos e franceses.
of medical scientists increasingly toward the basic
002 | UNIRIO 1995 – ADAPTED mechanisms of life, rather than disease and death. Of
Researchers at Ohio State have developed a way to speed up course, this has always been the orientation of all non-
the growth of native shade trees – and the local utility plans medical biologists, studying growth, reproduction, nutrition
to help promote these saplings to homeowners. or any of the other characteristics shared by all living things.
– A palavra THESE em "…and the local utility plans to help a) research in molecular biology.
promote these saplings to homeowners" refere-se a: b) gradual and unforeseen effect.
c) medical scientists.
a) plans. d) study of basic mechanisms of life.
b) trees. e) study of disease and death.
c) researchers.
d) bills. 007 | MACKENZIE 1998
e) costs. Choose the correct alternative:
15
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
009 | UFMG 1995 013 | UFSC 1996 – ADAPTED
Choose the GRAMMATICALLY CORRECT propositions to
Love Among the Laundry complete the blanks in the following sentence:
When Sally found a man's striped sock curled among her __________ were working, when she __________.
clothes at the launderette she returned it to the tall dark
young man with a shy smile. They met there every week for 01. They – arrived.
several months, then were seen no more. One of their 02. He – Arrives.
wedding presents had been a washing machine. 04. We – left.
08. Mary – is writing.
(Molly Burnett) 16. You – called.
32. David and Gregoire – came in.
– The word IT in “she returned it to the tall dark young man”
refers to: – Now, mark the correct sequence:
a) a smile. a) 01 + 04 + 16 + 32 = 53
b) a sock. b) 01 + 02 + 04 + 08 = 15
c) the launderette. c) 01 + 04 + 08 + 16 = 29
d) the laundry d) 02 + 04 + 08 + 16 + 32 = 62
e) the machine. e) 02 + 08 + 32 = 42
a) She a) her – I
b) They b) him – she
c) He c) she – I
d) Them d) myself – we
e) It e) they – him
16
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
017 | PUCPR 1997 021 | UNESP 2001
Fill in the blanks of the text below with the appropriate As a tool, the computer assists __________ to perform a lot
pronouns: of activities.
Dear Debbie, a) we
How are you? Lisa and I are having a marvelous holiday. We b) us
are really enjoying __________. We brought three tubes of c) ourselves
suntan cream with __________ and we've used __________ d) they
all up already. Lisa is a bit annoyed because her suntan isn't e) to us
as good as __________.
022 | UEL 2001 – ADAPTED
a) ourselves – we – them – mine "A Chinese employee at Motorola complained that the
b) ourselves – us – them – mine company had been cheated when it bought numbers
c) us – us – they – my wholesale for its own staff, because IT was given numbers
d) us – we – themselves – mine that all ended in 4 (e.g. 54-7424), which means death."
e) ourselves – ourselves – they – my
– The capital word IT in the sentence above refers to:
018 | CESGRANRIO 1993
Mark the option which completes the following sentences a) wholesale.
with the adequate pronouns: b) a Chinese employee.
c) the Motorola company.
I. Businessmen have __________ own priorities. d) the number 54-7424.
II. Everyone must feel happy with __________ working e) death.
habits.
III. Working from home allows a mother to spend more time 023 | PUCSP 2002 – ADAPTED
with __________ children. Na frase "Women now become doctors at nearly the same
IV. If you have never tried to work at home, you cannot rate as men, but they become physicians, not surgeons", o
discuss __________ disadvantages. pronome they refere-se a:
a) doctors.
a) I. his, II. their, III. her, IV. their
b) I. their, II. its, III. their, IV. its b) physicians.
c) I. their, II. his, III. her, IV. its c) surgeons.
d) I. its, II. your, III. its, IV. their d) men.
e) I. his, II. his, III. their, IV. your e) women.
a) we.
a) I – your
b) they.
b) she – you
c) I.
c) me – your
d) she.
d) me – yours
e) you.
e) her – yours
025 | UNESP 1995
020 | UECE 1998
Assinale a alternativa correta:
Em "It was HER sister Josephine who told HER", os vocábulos
em maiúsculo classificam-se respectivamente como: They saw men and women talking to __________ own
hearts.
a) pronome adjetivo/pronome objeto
b) pronome substantivo/pronome sujeito a) his
c) pronome adjetivo/pronome sujeito b) her
d) pronome substantivo/pronome objeto c) them
d) they
e) their
17
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
026 | PUCPR 2001 030 | PUCSP 2006 – ADAPTED
Which option contains the correct use of the pronouns? When the Portuguese arrived in Brazil five centuries ago,
they encountered a fundamental problem: the indigenous
I. Could you tell __________ what has happened in the pub? peoples they conquered spoke more than 700 languages.
II. His uncle gave __________ the money to set up his new Rising to the challenge, the Jesuit priests accompanying
business. them concocted a mixture of Indian, Portuguese and African
III. It was kind of you to let me borrow __________ words they called "língua geral," or the "general language,"
computer. and imposed it on their colonial subjects.
IV. She ignored __________ father's warning and jumped
into the swimming pool. Adaptado de www.nytimes.com
V. Just a minute, I'm going to hang __________ jacket in the
wardrobe. – No texto acima, palavra "THEM" refere-se a:
– No texto acima, o vocábulo "her" ocorre cinco vezes e, em – A alternativa que possui os pronomes que substituem
todas essas situações, refere-se a: corretamente os termos em destaque é:
a) cultura. a) It – She – It
b) povo. b) It – She – He
c) China. c) He – She – He
d) Portugal. d) She – He – He
e) She – It – He
028 | UFAL 1999 – ADAPTED
Between 1950 and 1960, Japanese manufacturing output 032 | PUCCAMP 1992
grew at an average annual rate of 16.7 per cent and Peter L. Berger, one of America's most important
__________ GNP (Gross National Product) at about 10 per sociologists, exhorts politicians to operate with "the ethic of
cent. responsibility" (borrowing a phrase from Max Weber) and
consider the moral consequences of their actions.
– Preencha corretamente a lacuna do texto:
Adapted from Dialogue, 2/1989
a) theirs
b) our
– In the text, the pronoun "their" refers to:
c) it
d) ours
a) sociologists.
e) its
b) philosophers.
c) politicians.
029 | FAAP 1997
d) consequences.
His niece has __________ meals in town.
e) actions.
a) her
b) their
c) your
d) his
e) yours
18
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
033 | UNESP 1983 039 | UFSM 2002 – ADAPTED
That sports car is very expensive. The car dealer told me that Stars do it. Sports do it. Judges in the highest courts do it.
__________ price is 10,000 dollars. Let's do it: that yoga thing.
19
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
043 | ITA 1997 – ADAPTED 047 | UNESP 2004
The computer giant IBM has offered $1.1 million (730.000 Nas orações – “Your click on the Fund Free Mammograms
pounds) for a chess rematch between Garry Kasparov and button helps fund free mammograms” e “The National
ITS super-computer, Deep Blue. Cancer Institute and U.S. Department of Health and Human
Services recommend that women in their forties and older
– O termo ITS em maiúsculo no texto refere-se: have mammograms every one to two years”, os adjetivos
possessivos YOUR e THEIR referem-se, respectivamente:
a) ao computador de Garry Kasparov;
b) a Deep Blue; a) ao clique e a quarenta anos ou mais.
c) à IBM; b) ao botão e a recomendar.
d) ao computador gigante da IBM; c) ao leitor e às mulheres.
e) a Garry Kasparov. d) ao leitor e a quarenta anos ou mais.
e) ao botão e às mulheres.
044 | UDESC 1997
Complete the sentence with the CORRECT alternative: 048 | UFPE 1996 – ADAPTED
Read the following sentence:
- Whose are these shoes?
- They are __________ shoes. They belong to __________. Computers and networks isolate us from __________.
They are __________.
– The correct choice to fill in the blank space is:
a) their – them – theirs
b) yours – you – your a) each other’s.
c) his – he – him b) ourselves.
d) our – us – ourself c) one another.
e) hers – she – hers d) themselves.
e) herself.
045 | UNESP 1999
Assinale a alternativa correta: 049 | UNESP 1997
Those two women always help __________.
In some cities people do not pay for __________ tickets.
a) other each
a) them b) each other
b) his c) one other
c) our d) other one
d) her e) another each
e) their
050 | PUCPR 2007
046 | ITA 1999 Lucy hates John and John hates Lucy. Lucy and John hate
Leia o recado de Ho Chi Minh aos franceses, em 1946. __________.
20
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
052 | UNESP 1988 057 | UNESP 2000
Assinale a alternativa correta: Assinale a alternativa que preenche corretamente a lacuna
da frase apresentada:
People should know about __________.
Catherine is making __________ a dress.
a) yourself
b) herself a) to him
c) himself b) to her
d) themselves c) himself
e) yourselves d) herself
e) they
053 | UNESP 1996
Assinale a alternativa correta: 058 | UFV 2000
In the sentence "We look for answers within OURSELVES",
You can do that __________. the capital word has a meaning related to:
a) myself a) them.
b) himself b) him.
c) herself c) you.
d) yourself d) us.
e) ourselves e) her.
21
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
062 | UEL 1994 067 | FUVEST 1997
Assinale a alternativa que preenche corretamente a lacuna Choose another way of saying "There isn't anything really
da frase a seguir: like that":
- "Why didn't you buy that sweater? It was such a good a) There is nothing really like that.
offer!" b) There aren't many things really like that.
- "Because I didn't have __________ money on me." c) There aren't no things really like that.
d) There is anything hardly really like that.
a) a e) There are a few things really like that.
b) no
c) any 068 | UEL 1997 – ADAPTED
d) some Assinale a alternativa correta:
e) none
Despite this violent activity, poltergeists in fact never hurt
063 | UNESP 1985 __________.
Assinale a alternativa correta:
a) something
Those organisms pose __________ danger to human life. b) nothing
c) none
a) any d) nobody
b) none e) anybody
c) no
d) not 069 | UEL 1997
e) no one Assinale a alternativa que preenche corretamente a lacuna
da frase a seguir:
064 | UNESP 1986
__________ said she is right. I will __________ longer stand his bad manners.
a) Somebody a) no
b) Anybody b) very
c) Anyone c) too
d) Something d) much
e) Anything e) many
22
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
072 | FEI 1997 076 | UFRS 2002
Complete o diálogo: A expressão HARDLY ANY em “He was a big, beefy man with
hardly any neck” poderia ser traduzida por:
- "Would you like __________ apples?"
- "No, thank you, I don't want __________ apple." a) raramente visto.
- "And you?" b) dificilmente algum.
- "Yes, I'd like __________." c) bom tamanho.
d) quase nenhum.
a) some – any – any e) especialmente longo.
b) an – any – no
c) any – no – some 077 | PUCRIO 2002
d) some – any – some
e) an – some – any
a) somebody.
b) anybody.
c) someone.
d) everybody.
e) nobody.
I. I want __________ more tea, please. – Mark the sentence which must be completed with
II. __________ I go fishing. "anywhere":
III. It doesn't rain __________.
IV. I'm sorry, but I have __________ to give you. a) The manager had to go off __________ else for an
V. __________ knows it's wrong. appointment.
b) The dangerous dog was approaching but there was
a) I. some; II. Every time; III. someday; IV. nothing; V. __________ to hide.
Somebody c) Britney says she didn't go __________ yesterday.
b) I. any; II. Sometimes; III. every day; IV. anything; V. d) This is part of the original castle build __________ around
Everybody
1700.
c) I. some; II. Sometimes; III. every day; IV. nothing; V.
e) Have you seen my glasses? I've looked __________ for
Everybody
them.
d) I. any; II. Every day; III. sometimes; IV. nothing; V.
Everyone 078 | UNESP 2004
e) I. some; II. Everywhere; III. every time; IV. anything; V. Eating disorders __________ class, cultural, or gender
Somebody boundaries. Therefore, they can affect __________.
075 | UFRRJ 1998
a) knows no – anyone.
The sentence "there aren't any elephants here" in the b) know no – someone.
affirmative form is:
c) know some – nobody.
d) can know – nobody.
a) there are many elephants here.
e) don't know any – anyone.
b) there are plenty of elephants here.
c) there are some elephants here.
d) there are a few elephants here.
e) there are a lots of elephants here.
23
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
079 | UEL 1998 084 | MACKENZIE 2000
Assinale a letra correspondente à alternativa que preenche I'm a person __________ technical knowledge of computer
corretamente a lacuna da frase apresentada: will impress __________.
Here is a riddle for you: Which hand should you stir soup a) who – everyone
with? b) which – someone
__________. You should use a spoon. c) for whom – nobody
d) whom – everybody
a) Both e) whose – anyone
b) Either
c) All 085 | UFSM 2002
d) Neither Assinale a alternativa que preenche corretamente a lacuna
e) No one da frase apresentada:
080 | MACKENZIE 1998 There are many evidences that __________ can live alone.
Indicate the alternative that best completes the following Those __________ marriage ends generally suffer from
sentence: depression.
24
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
088 | UNITAU 1995 092 | UNESP 1986
Assinale a alternativa que corresponde ao referente do That is the one __________ I always use.
pronome relativo em destaque a seguir:
a) whose
Since then, microchips, satellites and nuclear power have b) who
become realities THAT define everyday life. c) what
d) which
a) every day e) whom
b) life
c) intellectuals 093 | UNESP 1990
d) realities The doctor to __________ Mrs. Jones went told her to eat
e) scientists less.
25
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
097 | CESGRANRIO 1993 101 | FEI 1997
In the sentence "it's time to meet people who work from Complete:
their homes", the pronoun WHO can be replaced by THAT.
My neighbor, __________ is very beautiful, was here this
– Mark the option that can only be completed with the morning.
relative pronoun WHO:
a) which
a) That is the consultant __________ I met in São Paulo last b) whose
week. c) who
b) My brother, __________ works as a consultant, makes d) when
much money. e) what
c) Would you like to work with bosses __________ are
understanding? 102 | CESGRANRIO 1997
d) Employees __________ work from home part of the time Mark the sentence that can only be completed with WHOSE,
are happier. the relative pronoun:
e) The tele-commuter to __________ I was introduced
yesterday is Asian. a) This is Patricia, __________ sister you met last week.
b) One should be loyal to __________ one is married.
098 | PUCPR 1996 c) She's married to a doctor of __________ you have heard.
Fill in correctly with a relative pronoun: d) AIDS, __________ kills thousands of people, hasn't been
wiped out.
The flower exhibit ___________ was held in the Botanical e) I don't like people __________ lose their tempers easily.
Garden in Curitiba, last September, showed beautiful orchids
from all over the world. 103 | PUCPR 1998
Choose the right alternative to complete the spaces:
a) that
b) whose I. George Washington, __________ became president of the
c) whom United States, never told a lie.
d) where II. In Norway, __________ is a Baltic country, you can see
e) who the midnight sun.
III. Melanie Griffith, with __________ Antonio Banderas got
099 | PUCPR 1997 married, is very jealous.
Insert the appropriate relative pronoun: IV. Bernard Shaw, __________ books were known in all the
world, was a very clever writer.
Gossips, to __________ you should pay no attention, is a V. Le Corbusier, about __________ we are learning now, was
bad thing. a famous modernist architect.
Dr. Smith, __________ car is outside, has come to see a
patient. a) whose – that – which – who – whose
My friend Jack, __________ is in hospital, is very ill. b) whom – which – that – whose – whom
This is my Uncle John, __________ you have heard so much c) who – which – whom – whose – whom
about. d) which – whom – who – whom – which
e) that – who – whose – which – who
a) which, whose, who, whom
b) that, whose, whom, which 104 | MACKENZIE 1999
c) which, whom, that, who Choose the correct alternative:
d) whom, whose, that, whom
e) that, whom, who, which a) Caetano Veloso's, who latest CD, I bought last week, is
wonderful.
100 | MACKENZIE 1997 b) Caetano Veloso's latest CD, which I bought last week, is
Os períodos simples provenientes do composto SHE WAS A wonderful.
GIRL WHOM IT WAS DIFFICULT TO KNOW WELL são: c) Caetano Veloso's latest CD whom is wonderful I bought
last week.
a) She was a girl. Whom it was difficult to know well. d) Caetano Veloso, which is wonderful, I bought last week
b) She was a girl. It was difficult to know her well. latest CD.
c) She who was a girl. It was difficult to know well. e) Caetano Veloso's latest CD, whose I bought last week, is
d) She was a difficult girl. It was difficult to know well. wonderful.
e) She was a girl. It was difficult to know whom well.
26
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
105 | JFS 2010 109 | UFV/PASES 2000
In his last book, the author decided to talk about the people Complete the sentence below correctly:
and the places __________ he loved.
Don Pedro, __________ was one of the visitors, was also
a) who very impressed with Bell's invention.
b) whom
c) which a) who
d) that b) whose
e) whose c) when
d) where
106 | FATEC 2002 e) which
O pronome which em "Many mobile phone operating
companies would rather give out new handsets than see 110 | UFRRJ 2000 – ADAPTED
their clients defect to rival services, which often try to lure In the sentence "about 20% of lung-cancer patients are
customers by offering the latest mobile phones free for found to have a tumor WHOSE biological characteristics and
switching services" refere-se a: small size give them a good chance of being cured if the
malignant growth is surgically removed", the capital word
a) clients. refers to:
b) handsets.
c) rival services. a) patients
d) customers. b) blacks.
e) mobile phone operating companies. c) tumor.
d) lung cancer.
107 | UNIOESTE 1999 – ADAPTED e) about 20%.
Assinale a(s) alternativa(s) na(s) qual(is) os pronomes that,
who e which estão utilizados corretamente: 111 | PUCPR 2003
Supply the sentences with the correct alternative:
( ) Athletes are basically the consumers who are going to
buy Jui2ce. I. This is the hardest problem __________ I have ever had to
( ) Jui2ce is a juice that offers a series of benefits to your face.
health. II. A doctor, __________ patients trust him, has great
( ) Mandarin Mango is a flavor which provides vitamin A. responsibility.
( ) Calcium is one of the components who is good for health. III. Vesuvius, __________ is a lofty volcano, overlooks the
( ) Young people that usually drink the Jui2ce say it is Bay of Naples.
delicious. IV. My friend Marcello, __________ is in hospital, is very ill.
( ) Jui2ce has beta-carotene, who is said to be excellent for V. There's something __________ I must tell you in
health. confidence.
27
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
113 | UFRRJ 2003 – ADAPTED 116 | UECE/2ª FASE 2007
In the sentence “Under a microscope you can see the In the sentences: "Gold's novel was also the start of the
bacteria that lives in your gums. It's called gram-negative 'Jewish-American' novel, WHICH BECAME AN IMPORTANT
bacteria and it produces a toxin or poison that destroys the TYPE OF LITERATURE IN THE FIFTIES AND SIXTIES. Gold
bones around your teeth”, the underlined word can be describes the failure of the 'American Dream' for those WHO
replaced by: HAD LEFT EUROPE LOOKING FOR A NEW AND BETTER LIFE",
the parts in capital letters are, respectively:
a) who.
b) whose. a) defining adjective clause and non-defining adjective
c) whom. clause.
d) which. b) non-defining adjective clause and defining adjective
e) what. clause.
c) defining adjective clause and defining adjective clause.
114 | ITA 2006 d) non-defining adjective clause and non-defining adjective
clause.
28
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
121 | UNIFESP 2008 125 | UNESP 1992
No trecho: Assinale a pergunta correta para a resposta apresentada a
seguir:
"Some soy plantations in central Brazil are being
transformed to sugarcane ethanol operations and For two weeks.
environmentalists say that could lead soy farmers to move
into the Amazon for their crop, which is also in high demand a) How long have you had it?
worldwide, particularly from China". b) How many time do you have it?
c) How long did you had it?
– a palavra which refere-se: d) How much time you have got it?
e) There is how long you've got it?
a) ao etanol de cana.
b) aos produtores de soja. 126 | UFPE 2007 – ADAPTED
c) à soja. The word THAT, in: "the United Nations reported THAT of
d) à Amazônia. the 41 countries it monitors"; and in: "because THAT might
e) à China. jeopardize their economic growth", and in: "costly mandates
and controls THAT harm the economy":
122 | JFS 2000
O pronome __________ completa corretamente a sentença ( ) functions differently in each phrase.
abaixo e, sintaticamente, é classificado como __________. ( ) has equivalent meanings in the three examples.
( ) is a conjunction in both, the first and the last examples.
A coward is one __________ thinks with his legs every time ( ) functions as a demonstrative pronoun in the second
he is in danger. example.
( ) is a relative pronoun in the last example and refers only
a) who – objeto to controls.
b) who – sujeito
c) whom – sujeito a) F F V V F
d) that – objeto b) F F F V F
e) which – sujeito c) V V V V F
d) V F F V F
123 | JFS 2002 e) V F F F V
Those firemen, __________ saved the little girl from the fire,
are local heroes. 127 | UNESP 1993
Assinale a alternativa correta:
a) who
b) that __________ is your hat?
c) whom
d) which a) When
e) a e b estão corretas b) Who
c) Whose
124 | UERJ 2005 – ADAPTED d) Where
Pronouns may have different functions according to the e) How many
contexts where they occur. The use of the pronoun THAT
establishing reference to the previous content of the 128 | CESGRANRIO 1995
sentence is found in: "A compulsive shopper told a researcher that she could
never go to a supermarket and buy just one bottle of milk".
a) That is a magical and mutually rewarding form of love
between writer and reader. Mark the question to which this sentence is an answer:
b) A battle scar, a light limp, hair that is an untamable mass
of curls, or any other minor flaw will make the character a) Where a compulsive shopper buys her milk?
more relatable, more lovable. b) What did a compulsive shopper tell a researcher?
c) What could be more fulfilling than a book that caresses c) Who did a compulsive shopper tell her habits to?
the reader with love, wit, sensuality and a feeling of d) Why has a compulsive shopper told a researcher about
goodness? her habits?
d) A romance novel that combines those elements will e) How has a compulsive shopper told a researcher her
seduce the reader from the first chapter to the last. routine?
29
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
129 | JFS 2000 133 | UNESP 1984
Complete: Assinale a alternativa correta:
- Henry is a scientist __________ wants to know how comets a) Who did discovered America?
are formed. b) Who discovered America?
- The thief __________ stole my wallet must be mad now. It c) Did who discover America?
was empty. d) What Columbus discovered?
- These precious moments __________ you are living now e) What did Columbus discovered?
won’t last forever.
- They are exploring a continent __________ surface is icy. 134 | UNESP 1985
- The woman about __________ we were talking is an expert Can you tell me __________?
on Astronomy.
a) how much does a box of matches cost
a) that – who – * – which – whom b) how much a box of matches costs
b) who – * – that – which – who c) how much did a box of matches cost
c) who – that – which – whose – whom d) how much has a box of matches cost
d) who – that – whose – which – whom e) how much costs a box of matches
e) who – that – which – of which – who
135 | UNESP 1999
__________ people __________ in Brasília?
130 | FUVEST 1977
Qual a pergunta que segue a afirmação "I know that you are a) How many – are there
the winner"? b) How much – are there
c) What many – was there
a) Whom said I am the winner? d) What many – were there
b) Which one told you that I am the winner? e) How many million – was there
c) Who told you so?
d) Who told that to you? 136 | UNESP 1999
e) Who said that I am the winner? __________ farm is that large one? It is __________.
30
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
138 | CESGRANRIO 1994 141 | PUCPR 2007
"The new telephone can deal with 'hello' and other words We don't know with __________ he was talking on the
well enough." phone.
31
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
144 | UEL 1996 148 | EFOMM 2009
- How about having a party soon? In the sentence: “If the oceans die, it could cause great
- __________. destruction”, the pronoun it refers to:
a) What a) mine
b) Whose b) ours
c) How c) his
d) Which d) hers
e) Why e) its
32
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
152 | EFOMM 2013 a) who – whom – which
b) that – Ø – that
Read the following excerpt. c) who – that – which
d) that – Ø – which
Increasing ship sizes, human error and the e) who – that – Ø
challenge of shipping in arctic waters are among the biggest
risks facing the modern maritime industry, according to 155 | JFS 2013
Allianz Global Corporate and Speciality. Fill in the gaps correctly.
The challenge of shipping in arctic waters is
among the biggest challenges facing the modern maritime - I blush __________ I think about it.
industry, the report said. - __________ you choose to live there are always going to
Marking 100 years since the sinking of Titanic, the be disadvantages.
insurers yesterday published a report which noted that, - __________ hungry I am, I never seem to be able to finish
while the world commercial shipping fleet has trebled to off a whole pizza.
over 100,000 vessels over that period, overall shipping loss
rates have declined significantly. In 1912, they were one ship a) whenever – Wherever – However
per 100 per year; in 2009 they had fallen to one ship per 670 b) whenever – Whenever – However
per year. c) whenever – Whenever – Whatever
Despite this, Safety and shipping 1912-2012: from d) whatever – Wherever – However
Titanic to Costa Concordia, based on research from Cardiff e) whatever – Wherever – Whatever
University, said the industry faced several key challenges.
These include the growing trend to ‘super-size’ ships and 156 | IME 2013
cost pressures which are forcing ship-owners to source __________ was a brilliant career.
crews from emerging economies where training standards
can be inconsistent. (…) a) My
b) I
In lines 15-16: ‘Despite this, safety and shipping 1912- c) Mine
2012: from Titanic to Costa Concordia, (…)’, the underlined d) Me
word refers to: e) Not
a) The sinking of Titanic.
b) Maritime industry.
c) Commercial shipping fleet. “It is by acts and not by ideas that people live.”
d) General shipping loss rate. Anatole France
e) Shipping in arctic waters.
33
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
005 | MACKENZIE 1996
Quantifiers and Intensifiers Indicate the alternative that best completes the following
sentences:
001 | UEL 1996 – ADAPTED
Assinale a letra correspondente à alternativa que preenche I. Could you give me __________ water? I'm so thirsty.
corretamente as lacunas da frase apresentada: II. I have very __________ money. I need more.
III. Who has __________ friends than John? Nobody I think.
"Did you like the film?"
IV. Only __________ people came to the party yesterday. It
"No, not very __________." was boring!
"__________ was wrong with it?" V. I have __________ time to stay with my family nowadays.
"The actors were good but the story was too sentimental."
a) I. less; II. little; III. lesser; IV. a few; V. few
a) much – What b) I. some; II. a little; III. few; IV. little; V. lesser
b) many – Why c) I. a little; II. little; III. fewer; IV. few; V. less
c) few – When d) I. little; II. a little; III. less; IV. a few; V. least
d) little – How e) I. few; II. less; III. least; IV. little; V. more
e) so – Where
006 | UFPR 1992
002 | UNESP 1991 __________ of our history and the lives of __________ of
Assinale a alternativa que preenche corretamente as lacunas our great men and women are recreated by the movies.
da frase a seguir:
– Choose the alternative(s) that can complete the sentence
Do politicians work __________ and earn __________ above correctly:
money?
01) much – much
a) little – many 02) much – many
b) very – much 04) many – much
c) much – few 08) a lot – a lot
d) little – much 16) a lot – much
e) hard – many
32) a lot – many
003 | UNESP 1993 a) 02 + 08 + 16 + 32 = 58
Assinale a alternativa correta: b) 01 + 04 + 08 + 32 = 45
c) 02 + 04 + 08 + 16 = 30
It is not easy to learn a foreign language. It requires d) 01 + 02 + 32 = 35
__________ years of study. e) 02 + 08 + 32 = 42
a) many
007 | UNESP 1990
b) much Assinale a alternativa correta:
c) little
d) lot of How __________ shoes are there in the shop windows?
e) any
a) much
004 | FUVEST 1979 b) many
Assinale a alternativa que preenche corretamente as c) few
lacunas: d) a few
e) a lot of
Give me __________ tea with __________ sugar.
008 | ITA 1998
a) many – much Assinale a opção cuja frase esteja gramaticalmente correta:
b) some – a lot of
c) short – many
a) There is fewer people at the party than Mary expected.
d) bit – a lot of
b) There is less people at the party than Mary expected.
e) some – many c) There are less people at the party than Mary expected.
d) There are fewer people at the party than Mary expected.
e) There was less people at the party than Mary expected.
34
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
009 | CESGRANRIO 1990 013 | UFRS 1998 – ADAPTED
Which of the following sentences can be completed with the Na sentença “the Tamagotchi is a Keychain-size plastic egg
word MANY as in "the laser has many applications"? that houses a small LCD in which ‘lives’ a creature that you
nurture by pushing a variety of buttons”, a expressão a
a) The laser beam is being used by __________ telephone variety of buttons significa o mesmo que:
companies.
b) The laser beam has caused __________ advance in a) little buttons.
various areas. b) several buttons.
c) Science has gained __________ from the latest c) all the buttons.
applications of the laser. d) very small buttons.
d) __________ effort has resulted in significant technological e) too many buttons.
improvement.
e) Scientists have devoted __________ time to research in 014 | UFRS 1998 – ADAPTED
the field of communication. These pioneers began a revolution that has culminated in a
firmly established belief among most American employers
010 | UNESP 1998 that women can do the job – any job – as well as men. Many
Assinale a alternativa que preenche corretamente a lacuna thought that day would never come.
da frase adiante:
– Na frase "Many thought that day would never come", a
Must you always make so __________ noise? palavra mais adequada para completar o sentido de many é:
a) much a) beliefs.
b) many b) most.
c) most c) women.
d) few d) standards.
e) less e) discrimination.
– The sentence which must be completed which FEW are: a) número controlado.
b) grande quantidade.
a) I and IV, only. c) número insuficiente.
b) II and III, only. d) número ilimitado.
c) I, II and V, only. e) número incompleto.
d) I, II, III and IV, only.
e) II, III, IV and V, only.
35
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
017 | UFPE 1998 – ADAPTED 021 | UFSM 2001
Identify the equivalent phrases to the one which is in capital Em "A LOT OF these goods", a expressão em maiúsculo pode
word: ser substituída, sem alteração do sentido, por:
Not since the O.J. Simpson criminal trial have SO MANY a) a great deal of.
Americans been discussing one single issue. b) a few of
c) more of
(0) such a small number of d) the majority of.
(1) such a large number of e) much of.
(2) such a few
(3) such a considerable number of 022 | PUCPR 2000
(4) such a fair number of Mark the correct alternative to fill the gaps of the dialogue
below:
a) F V F V F
b) F V F V V At the Supermarket...
c) F F F V V
Wife: Do we need (I) wheat?
d) V V V F V
Husband: Yes, we do. We haven't got (II) wheat.
e) V V F V F
Husband: We need (III) apples, don't we?
Wife: No, we don't. We have got (IV) apples. But we have (V)
018 | MACKENZIE 1998
carrots and (VI) cheese. Let's get some...
Indicate the alternative that best completes the following
sentences:
a) I. some; II. much; III. any; IV. few; V. many; VI. little
b) I. much; II. any; III. many; IV. too much; V. few; VI. few
A: I don't like stroganoff. Would you like (I) pizza instead?
c) I. few; II. some; III. little; IV. many; V. little; VI. little
B: Oh no! Let's buy (II) loaves of bread and make
d) I. any; II. much; III. some; IV. many; V. few; VI. little
sandwiches.
e) I. few; II. many; III. few; IV. no; V. much; VI. many
A: But we have (III) time to do that. We're late for school.
B: Alright, but we've got (IV) ham and (V) hot dogs.
023 | UNESP 1997
I have a __________ friends.
a) I. a little; II. a few; III. very little; IV. only a little; V. few
b) I. only a little; II. many; III. very little; IV. a few; V. any
a) ten
c) I. few; II. very few; III. more; IV. little; V. some
b) few
d) I. very little; II. only a few; III. many; IV. a few; V. more
c) some
e) I. little; II. much; III. few; IV. a few; V. very little
d) many
e) several
019 | UFV 2000
In the sentence "MANY thinkers have tried to give us
024 | CESGRANRIO 1997
answers," the capital word has a meaning close to:
LAUGHTER is an uncountable noun. Mark the sentence
below that shows the correct usage of countable and
a) a few.
uncountable nouns:
b) few.
c) little.
a) I'll have just a bread for dinner.
d) several.
b) John has fewer money than Paul.
e) much.
c) Can you give me an advice?
d) I need some informations.
020 | FATEC 2002
e) My mother is in very good health.
Assinale a alternativa que apresenta o uso gramatical
correto de "there is":
025 | AFA 2007
“Only a relatively small amount of heat is lost through the
a) There is few teachers and parents talking to the children.
windows”. The boldfaced expression in the sentence can
b) There is some children who need help.
only be substituted for:
c) There is a lot of frightened adults after the attack.
d) There is many events happening at the same time.
a) a great deal of.
e) There is much anger among people in New York.
b) plenty of.
c) a small number of.
d) a little.
36
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
025 | CESGRANRIO 1995 031 | JFS 2009
LITTLE is used in "There is still very little known about Read the following excerpt:
compulsive spenders". Check the item in which it must also
be used to complete the sentence meaningfully. Watched by his wife, Zahra Rahnavard, Mr. Mousavi told an
audience of female supporters in Tehran: "We should reform
a) __________ people claim they don't like to go shopping. laws that are unfair to women." As Ms. Rahnavard spoke,
b) Many adults are compulsive spenders, but very many in the crowd shouted protests against the morality
__________ children suffer from this obsession. police, who regularly arrest women they deem
c) Researchers are willing to spend __________ thousand inappropriately dressed.
dollars to find out more about compulsive shopping.
d) As the famous psychiatrist was talking about compulsive – Which of the following is the best option to be used after
shoppers, the audience interrupted very __________. the word many in the sentence “many in the crowd shouted
e) Apparently, changes in the treatment recommended to protests against the morality police” in order to complete its
obsessive shoppers were very __________. meaning?
a) small – emphatic opinion given by the author to the 032 | AFA 2004
characters. “An elderly German decided to commit suicide. Took a lot of
b) few – size of the men and mice. pills, tied a briefcase full of stones around his neck, rowed
c) brief – height of them out into the middle of the Rhine and was found sound
d) short – the lack of importance showed by the author asleep in his boat.”
a) some
b) much
c) many
d) nothing
e) everything
37
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
034 | EFOMM 2012
Choose the option which completes the sentences below
Verbs
correctly:
001 | FAAP 1997
It is __________ use trying to change her mind. Assinale a alternativa que preenche corretamente a lacuna
Slowly, __________ children began coming to school. da frase a seguir:
Unfortunately, he had __________ friends.
In my school __________ many foreign students.
Could you possibly give me __________ help?
i. A great __________ people who voted for her in the last There __________ two main obstacles.
election will not be doing so this time.
a) is
ii. Have you heard __________ of Polly recently?
iii. The repairs to our car cost __________ more than we b) was
c) be
were expecting.
iv. I know quite __________ people who've had the same d) to be
problem. e) were
v. With __________ training she could do very well.
003 | PUCPR 1997
a) i. much; ii. much; iii. very; iv. few; v. little Complete the following text with the correct form of the
verb:
b) i. much; ii. much; iii. very; iv. a few; v. a little
c) i. many; ii. little; iii. much; iv. few; v. little
d) i. many; ii. little; iii. much; iv. a few; v. a little A long time ago London __________ an important city, but it
e) i. many; ii. much; iii. much; iv. a few; v. a little __________ different from London today. There
__________ not very many big buildings. There __________
a lot of small boats on the river.
“Wear the old coat and buy the new book.”
Austin Phelps a) is, is, are, are
b) was, is, are, are
c) was, was, were, were
d) was, is, were, were
e) had been, is, were, are
38
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
005 | FATEC 2002 010 | UNITAU 1995
Reescreva corretamente a frase a sentença apresentada a Assinale a alternativa que mostra a ordenação em um
seguir: diálogo coerente das frases numeradas de 1 a 15 a seguir:
39
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
013 | UNESP 1987 018 | MACKENZIE 1998
Assinale a alternativa correta: Indicate the alternative that best completes the following
sentence:
Why __________ go home now?
I __________ when __________ that I have to study.
a) aren't we
b) didn't we a) don't like – she says
c) haven't we b) never like – she will tell me
d) don't we c) can't like – she says
e) wouldn't we d) mustn't like – she speaks
e) don't like it – she tells me
014 | UNESP 1996
Assinale a alternativa correta: 019 | JFS 2012
Indicate the alternative that best completes the following
He doesn't __________ anymore. sentence:
40
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
023 | UFPB 1998 027 | FATEC 1999
International advertising can be a risky business. When Assinale a alternativa que apresenta a idéia equivalente a
McDonald's launched Le Big Mac in Paris, it discovered that "We used to fight like cats and dogs, but this has brought us
in local slang this meant "the big pimp". It is not just a closer together":
question of language either; national advertising styles also
vary considerably. The British like humour and irony in their a) We are not close together anymore.
ads, whereas the Germans regard this approach as frivolous. b) We usually fight like cats and dogs.
The French are more sexist than the British and will use c) We are used to fighting like cats and dogs.
seminaked women in almost any context. The Italians d) We are not so close together as we used to be.
generally like to see beautiful people wearing beautiful e) We don't fight like cats and dogs anymore.
clothes driving beautiful cars. These are not just national
stereotypes, but based on hard experience. Different 028 | PUCPR 1999
countries also prefer different products. Choose the alternative with the right sentences:
– The text is PREDOMINANTLY in the: I. Why don't you cut the orange yourself?
II. You must learn how to speak English well.
a) present tense. III. He is just likes my father.
b) past tense. IV. I do not know like to sing this song.
c) future tense. V. They cut each other with a knife.
d) present perfect tense.
e) present progressive tense. a) I, II, IV
b) II, III, V
024 | UFRS 1998 c) II, III, IV
The correct verbal forms of the nouns "seduction", d) I, II, V
"betrayal", and "destruction" are: e) I, IV, V
41
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
032 | UFRRJ 2004 037 | AFA 2007 – ADAPTED
In the sentence, "biological agents do not survive well", the As a survivor of the Holocaust, I lost the life I led more than
use of the Present Tense implies: 60 years.
– What justifies the use of verbs in the present tense in the 040 | EEAR 2008
second sentence is the fact that that sentence expresses a: The stepmother smiled and said: “Of course you __________
go, Cinderella. If you __________ your work first and if you
a) generalization. __________ a dress to wear.”
b) systematization.
c) formalization. a) may – do – have
d) simplification. b) could – was – bought
e) formulation. c) might – are doing – lend
d) ought to – would finish – washed
036 | UECE 1998
O infinitivo de "stood" e "felt": 041 | EFOMM 2007
The companies are expanding their business and they
a) stand – feel __________ all the help they can get. So they __________
b) steal – fall several people.
c) stride – fly
d) stay – fear a) need – are employing
b) are needing – are employing
c) needed – are employing
d) are to need – employed
e) needing – employ
42
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
042 | UNESP 1988 047 | FATEC 2004
Assinale a alternativa que preenche corretamente a lacuna Assinale a alternativa que apresenta o uso correto do
da frase apresentada: presente contínuo como em "The British Army is now
installing it in its tanks":
Many countries __________ with nuclear reactors.
a) The British Army is liking the new program.
a) is experimenting b) The British Army is understanding the needs of the
b) experiments population.
c) experimenting c) The British Army is listening to the population.
d) would experiment d) The British Army is preferring the new general.
e) are experimenting e) The British Army is possessing many tanks.
43
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
051 | AFA 2004 – ADAPTED 056 | UNESP 1991
Assinale a alternativa que preenche corretamente a lacuna
Watching every motion in my foolish lover's game da frase a seguir:
On this endless ocean finally lovers know no shame
Turning and returning to some secret place inside Can you tell me where __________ my bike yesterday?
Watching in slow motion as you turn around and say
a) did you leave
(Trecho de Take my breath away – b) you left
Giorgio Moroder/Tom Whitlock) c) you have left
d) you leaved
– How can we classify the first verb in the first verse? It’s: e) did you left
44
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
062 | UNESP 1998 067 | PUCPR 2000
Assinale a alternativa correta: Choose the option to complete the text correctly:
I __________ the river in a boat and swam __________ the CLAUDE MONET __________ in Paris on 14 November 1840
stream. and __________ on 6 December 1926. He __________ a
leading member of the French Impressionist painters,
a) across – cross especially concerned with the effect of outdoor light and
b) cross – crossed shade. He __________ especially noted for his quick,
c) acrossed – crossing spontaneous style, developed to catch the fleeting moment.
d) crossed – across Although now acclaimed as a great French painter, Monet
e) crossing – across himself, like most artists, never __________ that he had
achieved the perfect conclusion of the ideas that were in his
063 | MACKENZIE 1997 mind.
Indicate the correct alternative:
Adapted from the book "The life and the works of Monet",
Kelly __________ her eyebrows in extravagant __________. by Edmund Swinglehurst
45
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
071 | UFRRJ 2000 075 | UFRS 2005
The infinitive and past simple forms of the verbs KNOWN Complete the gap in the sentence below with the best
and BEEN are: alternative:
a) know and be. In the past, English cavaliers __________ swords while
b) knew and being. __________ on the left.
c) know – knew and be – was/were.
d) known – knew and be – was/were. a) drew – riding
e) know – knew and be – were/was. b) draw – would ride
c) were drawing – riding
072 | UFV/PASES 2000 d) drew – have ridden
In the sentence "Thousands of visitors were surprised when e) had drawn – rode
they SAW and HEARD this invention", the capital verbs are
the past tenses of: 076 | FATEC 2003
Assinale a alternativa que apresenta a forma interrogativa
a) save and hide. correta da frase "the death rate rose 33 percent":
b) say and hate.
c) sit and have. a) Did the death rate rose 33 percent?
d) sing and hum. b) Did the death rate raise 33 percent?
e) see and hear. c) Did the death rate rise 33 percent?
d) Does the death rate rise 33 percent?
073 | UFV 2002 – ADAPTED e) Does the death rate rose 33 percent?
Based on your knowledge of English grammar, correct the
sentence in the cartoon below: 077 | FATEC 2007
Assinale a alternativa que corresponde à forma afirmativa
do segmento "Engineers didn't think":
a) Engineers thought.
b) Engineers though.
c) Engineers through.
d) Engineers thru.
e) Engineers throw.
46
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
080 | EFOMM 2007 085 | UNESP 1986
- ‘David, __________ Mr. Willcox and Mr. Alex __________ Assinale a alternativa correta:
the P&O Shipping Company in 1837?’
- ‘That’s right. That was the first year.’ When John came in __________ a book.
– Assinale a letra correspondente à alternativa que preenche He will __________ almost everything you ask him.
corretamente a lacuna da frase apresentada:
a) do
a) is watching b) to do
b) watches c) doing
c) will watch d) does
d) was watching e) did
e) has watched
089 | UNESP 1998
084 | UNESP 1989 Assinale a alternativa que preenche corretamente a lacuna
Assinale a alternativa correta: da frase adiante:
They __________ about art last night. I'll __________ soccer this afternoon.
a) talks a) playing
b) talk b) played
c) was talking c) to play
d) talking d) play
e) were talking e) plays
47
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
090 | UEL 1998 – ADAPTED 094 | PUCRIO 2000
That's exactly what you __________ experience aboard the In the sentence "For the first time in human history, early in
high speed Eurostar passenger train. the next millennium, there will be more people living in
cities than on the rest of the planet", the future form is used
– A lacuna do texto é corretamente preenchida pela to express a prediction. In which of the alternatives below is
alternativa: the future form used to express a similar idea?
48
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
099 | ESPCEX 99 104 | FUVEST 1997
Choose the correct alternative: Considere a imagem a seguir:
a) will bring
b) won’t bring
c) will not break
d) will break
e) won’t break
49
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
108 | FUVEST 1977 113 | FGV 1995 – ADAPTED
Qual destas sentenças está correta? Brutal competition from the Third World and the Soviet
block has stalled the developed nations.
a) I don't have never taken a course in Japanese.
b) I have never taken a course in Japanese. – No texto, a melhor tradução para HAS STALLED é:
c) I never didn't take a course in Japanese still.
d) I ever did not take a course in Japanese. a) tem incentivado.
e) I took not a course in Japanese ever. b) aqueceu.
c) crescer.
109 | FUVEST 1977 d) tem assustado.
Indique a resposta certa para "Has he heard the news?" e) parou.
utilizando "no":
114 | PUCCAMP 1992
a) No, I didn't. Assinale a letra correspondente à alternativa que preenche
b) No, I haven't heard the news. corretamente as lacunas da frase apresentada:
c) No, he hasn't.
d) No, I haven't. Sandy: Hi, Jack.
e) No, you haven't. Jack: Hi, Sandy.
Sandy: Gosh! I __________ you for ages!
110 | FUVEST 1979 Jack: That's true. I __________ from a trip to Japan just
Assinale a alternativa que preenche corretamente a lacuna: yesterday.
50
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
117 | UNESP 1985 122 | UFRS 1997
We're still waiting for Bill. He __________ yet. Choose the best alternative to complete the sentence below
correctly:
a) hasn't come
b) haven't come Mexico __________ many difficult crises in history, but now
c) didn't come it __________ its own future.
d) doesn't come
e) hadn't come a) has faced – is shaping
b) faced – was shaped
118 | CESGRANRIO 1993 c) have faced – shapes
In only a short time, the computer __________ the way in d) have been facing – shaped
which many jobs __________. e) faces – has been shaped
121 | UNESP 1998 (Panfleto da loja ONE WORLD SHOP, em Edimburgo, Escócia)
Assinale a alternativa correta:
– A alternativa que melhor preenche a lacuna do texto acima
Have you __________ my Uncle Jack? é:
a) not meet a) is
b) meets b) was
c) meeting c) had been
d) met d) have been
e) meet e) has been
51
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
126 | ITA 2000 – ADAPTED 130 | FATEC 2003
But what has been so frustrating about the market reactions Assinale a alternativa que apresenta o uso correto do
in recent months is that despite the surging economy, Presente Perfeito do verbo "become", como em "Internet
inflation has not been rising. It has remained flat, at around cafes have become this generation's equivalent of the
3 percent, and ¢ yet Wall Street, certain that the shadow it telephone booth":
sees is the ghost of higher inflation come to haunt the
trading floors, has been clamoring to the Federal Reserve for a) He has become a political leader in 1984.
higher rates. b) She has become a U.S. citizen before she moved to
Australia.
The New York Times Magazine. May 22, 1994. c) She has become a widow right after the war.
d) She has become his wife five years ago.
– O que determinou a utilização do Present Perfect Tense no e) He has become ill.
parágrafo acima foi:
131 | UFRRJ 2003
a) o estilo do autor. In the sentence, "I HAVE HAD leading positions in political
b) a referência a um tempo passado não explicitado no and public office FOR nearly 30 years", the words in capital
texto. letters describe an action which:
c) a referência a acontecimentos e/ou sentimentos
desencadeados no passado e que continuam no presente. a) was repeated in the past.
d) a atribuição de maior ênfase ao que se pretende dizer. b) continues up to the present.
e) a referência a sentimentos e/ou acontecimentos que c) continues to the future.
ocorrem no presente. d) goes to the past.
e) was completed in the past.
127 | MACKENZIE 2000
Indicate the alternative that best completes the following 132 | UERJ 2004
sentence: In the sentences:
__________ plan that was presented __________. The large scale entrance of women into the professions
since the 1960s has posed many ideological and aesthetic
a) Not every – was suitable challenges.
b) Not all – had suited
c) Neither all – had suitability Many of the basic principles, associated with exclusively
d) Almost any – h as suited male executive office subcultures, have endured.
e) Every – suitably
– The temporal reference expressed by the verb forms has
128 | UFSM 2001 posed and have endured is best analyzed as:
Se o sujeito da oração "Machines HAVE already
CONVERGED" estivesse no singular e fosse mantido o tempo a) situations beginning at a prior point continuing into the
do verbo, a forma verbal destacada: present.
b) actions occurring at a specified prior time with current
a) ficaria inalterada. relevance.
b) seria trocada por "had converged". c) actions completed in the past prior to other past points in
c) se transformaria em "is being converged". time.
d) seria substituída por "has converged". d) situations developed over a prior time period and now
e) passaria para "is converging". completed.
52
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
134 | UFRS 2006 138 | UECE 2008
Consider the verb form in the sentence below: The sentences "Plato acknowledged the power of poetry",
"This is simply the accepted mode of referential writing",
Britain HAS INVESTED very little in Chinese studies. "Traditionally, literary texts have been easy to identify" and
"In the 20th century, much attention has been given to the
– The same verb form is used correctly in the sentence language of literature" are respectively in the:
a) I haven't met my Chinese friends since July. a) simple past, present perfect, present perfect and present
b) The children have read a Chinese story yesterday. perfect.
c) Have you learned Mandarin when you were in school? b) simple past, simple present, present perfect and present
d) They have seen many Chinese films last year. perfect.
e) His parents have lived in China in the 1960's. c) simple past, simple present, past perfect and present
perfect continuous.
135 | PUCPR 2008 d) past perfect, simple present, present perfect and present
Find the correct use of the Present Perfect Tense: perfect continuous.
137 | ITA 2008 You look as if you __________ a monster!!! Are you all right?
Assinale a opção em que a contração dos verbos ('s) ou ('d)
está representada corretamente: a) just saw
b) have just seen
a) He's more useless than the gunman. – has c) have just been seeing
b) The car's only got a few minutes left on it. – is d) just see
c) I wish this bloke'd hurry up. – had e) are just seeing
d) The car's not even worth it. – has
e) He's just turned twenty. – has
53
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
143 | CESGRANRIO 1990 148 | JFS 2008
Mark the sentence which can be completed with the verb Jeffrey was proud of his son who __________ a prize at
between parentheses in the same verb tense as in school.
“Scientists have found that the laser beam can transmit
human voices”: a) win
b) won
a) A century ago, scientists __________ not able to predict c) have won
the applications of the laser beam. (BE) d) has won
b) Doctors started to use the laser beam only after e) had won
communication experts __________ it. (USE)
c) Today laser researchers __________ the laser beam is 149 | UNITAU 1995
here to stay. (BELIEVE) Assinale a alternativa que corresponde à denominação do
d) Scientists __________ the importance of the laser since it tempo verbal da frase a seguir:
was discovered. (REALIZE)
e) By the year 2000, scientists in various areas __________ I have been looking for a tree.
the use of the laser beam. (EXTEND)
a) Gerund.
144 | EFOMM 1997 b) Simple Present.
Which is the correct form? c) Present Perfect.
d) Present Continuous.
a) Have ever you been in England? e) Present Perfect Continuous
b) Has you ever been in England?
c) Have you ever been to England? 150 | UNITAU 1995
d) Have you been ever in England? Assinale a alternativa na qual se incluem a forma do futuro
e) Have you ever be to England? simples e a forma do presente perfeito contínuo da sentença
a seguir:
145 | UEL 1995
He returned home after he __________ the office. Two teams of 11 players attempt to guide an inflated ball
into goal cages.
a) leaves
b) does leave a) Two teams of 11 players will attempt to guide an inflated
c) had left ball into goal cages./ Two teams of 11 players have been
d) will leave attempting to guide an inflated ball into goal cages.
e) didn't leave b) Two teams of 11 players would attempt to guide an
inflated ball into goal cages./ Two teams of 11 players has
146 | UFRS 2001 been attempting to guide an inflated ball into goal cages.
When earth __________ to be, the angels' war in heaven c) Two teams of 11 players attempted to guide an inflated
__________. ball into goal cages./ Two teams of 11 players are
attempting to guide an inflated ball into goal cages.
a) came – had ended d) Two teams of 11 players may attempt to guide an inflated
b) comes – has ended ball into goal cages./ Two teams of 11 players will be
c) had come – ended attempting to guide an inflated ball into goal cages.
d) came – had been ending e) Two teams of 11 players do attempt guiding an inflated
e) comes – was ending ball into goal cages./ Two teams of 11 players will has
attempted to guide an inflated ball into goal cages.
147 | UNESP 2008
The lady __________ that she __________ the PIN number 151 | FUVEST 1978
on the number of button presses required to access her Assinale a alternativa que preenche corretamente a lacuna:
account balance.
I __________ the book for a couple of hours now.
a) wrote – has modeled
b) writes – would be modeling a) had read
c) was writing – modeled b) am read
d) wrote – has been modeling c) had been read
e) wrote – had modeled d) having read
e) have been reading
54
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
152 | FUVEST 1996 – ADAPTED 157 | UFPEL 2006
As military spending has fallen, Brazil's arms makers For the past three years, she says, she has been submitting
__________. essays bought and copied from the internet and passing
them off as her own. She is currently working on her final-
a) have been struggling year project and most of the materials in the dissertation are
b) would be struggling coming off the net. Anna (not her real name) says she cheats
c) had been struggling because it is easy to get away with it.
d) has struggled
e) were struggling Pode-se observar, no texto acima, a ocorrência de três
tempos verbais distintos na língua inglesa. As afirmativas a
153 | UDESC 1996 seguir contêm idéias relativas a cada um desses tempos:
Mark the sentence that is written in CORRECT English:
I. Algo que Anna faz com regularidade.
a) I teach English since five years ago. II. Algo que Anna tem feito há algum tempo.
b) I'm teaching English for many years. III. Algo que Anna está fazendo no momento.
c) I've taught English since some years.
d) I had taught English since some years. – Com base nas asserções, assinale a alternativa que
e) I have been teaching English for five years. apresenta a idéia contida em cada um desses tempos
verbais, segundo a ordem em que aparecem nos referidos
154 | UDESC 1996 parágrafos:
Find the CORRECT alternative to complete the following
a) II, I e III.
sentence:
b) III, I e II.
c) III, II e I.
- "You look tired."
- "Yes, I __________ non-stop all day." d) I, II e III.
e) II, III e I.
a) am working
158 | JFS 2008
b) have been working
I __________ hard for 10 years before I __________ that
c) work
promotion.
d) will work
e) will have worked a) have been working – gotten
b) have been working – get
155 | UDESC 1997
c) had been working – got
Find the CORRECT answer: d) had been working – gotten
e) had been working – get
He __________ letters since lunch.
159 | FUVEST 1977
a) is writing Qual dessas sentenças está correta?
b) have been writing
c) have written a) News have to be sent by telegraph.
d) writes b) News has to be sent by telegraph.
e) has been writing c) News are sent through telegraph.
d) News had to be sent with telegraph.
156 | UFPE 1995 – ADAPTED e) News is to be sent with telegraph.
As Brazil __________ economic and social upheaval, many
Brazilians dream of moving to foreign parts to try out a new 160 | FATEC 1998
life. Em "THAT'S the buzz about creatine, a muscle-building
supplement THAT'S become as common as sweaty towels in
– Select the correct choice to fill in the blank space of the gyms across the country", a contração THAT'S corresponde
sentence above: respectivamente a:
55
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
161 | UEL 2000 – ADAPTED 165 | UFG 2006
Addicted to portable electronics but hate adding to the 60
billion or so alkaline batteries that get thrown away every
year?
a) wouldn't smoke – had – would – they had – cured What happened to the bridge?
b) not to smoke – should have – was used to – did they –
cure a) Oh! We should have blew up it!
c) no smoking – have – used to – they had – been cured b) Oh! We should blown it up!
d) didn't smoke – had – used to – had they – cured c) Oh! We should to have blown up it!
e) don't smoke – would have – got used to – they were – d) Oh! We should have blown it up!
cures e) Oh! We should had blown up it!
56
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
169 | CESGRANRIO 1994 172 | AFA 1999
Choose the alternative which completes the following Complete the text:
sentences with the adequate verb forms:
City residents tired of noisy car alarms that go off at all hours
I. The first translation program for computers __________ of the night __________ this: an auto-security system that
invented in the late forties. (BE) uses smoke, not noise. Called the Dragon Vehicle Defense
II. Scientists __________ research on machine translation Machine, it __________ robbery by filling the car with a
since the 50's. (DEVELOP) cloud of smoke so dense that the thief can’t see. It
III. Most contemporary translators nowadays __________ __________ at car stores in June. Cost 35 dollars.
computers to perform their task. (USE)
a) love – will prevent – is
a) (I) had been – (II) have developed – (III) will use b) will love – prevents – will be
b) (I) was – (II) have been developing – (III) use c) won’t love – is preventing – won’t be
c) (I) to be – (II) are developing – (III) are using d) loving – is going to prevent – is being
d) (I) has been – (II) develop – (III) will be using
e) (I) would have been – (II) developed – (III) have been using 173 | AFA 2008
Lovers' Moon
170 | PUCPR 1996
Lucy: How is your hotel? The fabled Lovers' Moon
Sally: Great! It's the best hotel I __________ in. illuminates the night.
Lucy: Is Ben __________ the holiday? Shining upon a couple with its magic light.
Sally: Ben is really __________. You know, the last time we They treasure just one thought
__________ to London was 10 years ago and the city two hearts so crystal clear.
__________ a lot since then. To hold in their arms one that is so dear.
One that makes life worth living just by __________ near.
– Choose the best option to complete the conversation:
They promise that forever
a) stayed – enjoying – pleasing – have come – have changed together they __________ as they bathe
b) stay – enjoyed – pleased – come – changed in the magic that others do not see.
c) ever stayed – enjoying – pleased – have come – have So if you feel that you __________ lonely
changed and hope to find love soon.
d) have ever stay – enjoying – pleased – came – changed Look toward the heavens and make
e) have ever stayed – enjoying – pleased – came – has a wish on the Lovers' Moon.
changed
From the Internet, Quacmoto 1/4/00
171 | JFS 2008
Fill in the gaps correctly: – Complete the brackets with the right tense of the verb to
be and mark the correct alternative:
Coldplay __________ a rock band formed in London,
England in 1997. Coldplay __________ 33.9 million albums, a) being – will be – are
and __________ also known for their hit singles, such as b) to be – to be – ‘re going to be
"Yellow", "The Scientist", "Speed of Sound", "Fix You", "Viva c) been – are – will be
la Vida" and the Grammy Award-winning "Clocks". Coldplay d) been – are going to be – are
__________ worldwide fame with the release of their single
"Yellow", followed by their debut album, Parachutes (2000), 174 | UFF 2000
which __________ nominated for the Mercury Prize. "Even had we known from the beginning he was suffering
from yellow fever it would not have changed the
From Wikipedia treatment".
a) are – have sold – are – achieved – was – The verb phrases in bold indicate that the change in
treatment:
a) are – has sold – is – achieved – was
a) are – have sold – is – achieves – was
a) will happen in future.
a) is – has sold – are – achieved – were
b) may happen in future.
a) is – have sold – are – achieves – were
c) could have happened but didn't.
d) can happen but will not any way.
e) might still happen.
57
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
175 | ITA 2005 177 | JFS 2007
Fill in the text below with the following instructions:
* Em "We're" e "they'd", "'re" e "'d" são, respectivamente, – The correct sequence is:
contrações de flexões verbais dos verbos I e II.
* Uma outra forma de expressar a oração "If we told you a) called – has ... had – weren't making – were developing –
everything, they'd have to kill us." é III. would ... make
b) called – has ... had – wasn't making – was developing –
– A opção que melhor preenche as lacunas I, II e III é: would ... make
c) called – has ... have – wasn't made – was developing –
a) I. are; II. would; III. They'd kill us, unless we told you would ... make
everything. d) had called – has ... had – wasn't making – had been
b) I. are; II. had; III. They had to kill us, unless we told you developing – would ... make
everything. e) had called – has ... had – wasn't making – was developing
c) I. were; II. would; III. Unless we told you everything, they – would ... made
would have to kill us.
d) I. were; II. could; III. Unless we told you everything, they 178 | CESGRANRIO 1992
could kill us. Check the alternative which contains the correct verb forms
e) I. are; II. would; III. They wouldn't have to kill us, unless to complete the sentences below:
we told you everything.
1. My neighbor __________ sleeping pills since he lost his
176 | IME/CG 2011 – ADAPTED job. (TAKE)
By 1996, significant components of the aircraft’s defensive 2. Someone who __________ from insomnia finds it difficult
managing system, just one small part of its electronics, to sleep. (SUFFER)
__________ obsolete. 3. John __________ to see a specialist in sleeplessness three
weeks ago. (GO)
a) will be 4. As I entered the drugstore, I saw someone that I
b) is __________ 6 years earlier. (MEET)
c) are
d) were a) has been taking – suffers – went – met
e) was b) took – has been suffering – has gone – did meet
c) has taken – has suffered – went – have met
d) had taken – had suffered – had gone – met
e) has taken – suffers – went – had met
58
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
179 | EFOMM 2012 182 | EFOMM 2013
Choose the correct option to complete the sentences: Janet was out of breath because __________.
1. Where have you been? I __________ for you for two a) she does run
weeks! b) she didn’t run
2. Their bus __________ at 3:00 p.m. c) she’s been running
3. Tim __________ to the beach, when he heard the d) she’s run
weather forecast and changed his mind. e) she’d been running
4. Research _________ that excessive use of cell phones
may cause headaches. 183 | EFOMM 2013
5. When the police arrived, the thieves _________. There was no one else at the box office. I __________ in a
queue.
a) have been looking / has arrived / drove / showed / had a) needn’t wait
run away b) mustn’t wait
b) am looking / has arrived / was driving / has shown / has c) needn’t have waited
run away d) didn’t need to wait
c) have been looking / has arrived / drove / has shown / ran e) must wait
away
d) have been looking / arrives / was driving / has shown / 184 | IME 2013
had run away Not alone __________ the race, but she also beat the
e) am looking / arrives / was driving / showed / ran away record.
a) were washing
b) had washed
c) has washed
d) washed
e) was washing
59
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
005 | FUVEST 1977
Modal Auxiliaries Qual a forma correta?
001 | UNESP 1992 a) the mail must go on whether there are a hundred storms;
Assinale a pergunta correta para a resposta apresentada: b) the mail can go on whether there are a hundred storms;
c) the mail should go on when there are a hundred storms;
Take the second on the left and then ask again. d) the mail must go on if there are a hundred storms;
e) the mail is going on if there are a hundred storms.
a) Can you give me an information?
b) Excuse me. Where the Town Hall is? 006 | FUVEST 1979
c) Excuse me. Can you tell me where the Town Hall is? He __________ avoid __________ mistakes.
d) Could you tell me where does the Town Hall is?
e) Do you know when is the Town Hall? a) ought – making
b) must – make
002 | CESGRANRIO 1995 – ADAPTED c) shall – make
Shopaholics could be sexually frustrated, might suffer from d) needs – make
lack of self-esteem, or they may just have a neurotic reaction e) should – making
to television commercials and glossy advertisements.
007 | FGV 1995 – ADAPTED
– The modals COULD, MIGHT and MAY appear in the text to __________ we conclude, in line with the opinions of some
express the idea of: scholars, that black Nigerians are genetically more intelligent
than Europeans?
a) permission.
b) possibility. – Assinale a letra correspondente à alternativa que preenche
c) intention. corretamente a lacuna do texto:
d) prohibition.
e) ability. a) Have
b) Are
003 | UNIRIO 1995 – ADAPTED c) Can
Research shows that sunscreens may not be as effective as d) Is
hoped at preventing sunburn. Users may be spending long e) Had
hours in the sun with a false sense of security.
008 | PUCCAMP 1992
– The word MAY expresses the idea of: Janet: Look, our boat is sinking!
Peter: Oh, dear! Can you swim?
a) permission. Janet: Yes, but we won't have to, there's a life boat on
b) possibility. board.
c) prohibition.
d) obligation. – In the above dialogue, the verbs CAN and HAVE TO express
e) expectation. respectively __________ and __________.
a) can
b) must
c) do
d) did
e) would
60
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
010 | UEL 1994 015 | UNESP 1989
Assinale a alternativa que preenche corretamente a lacuna Assinale a alternativa correta:
da frase a seguir:
Doctors and dentists should always __________ with their
- "Excuse me, sir. __________ you tell me the time?" training.
- "Sure, it's 5:20."
a) continued
a) May b) continue
b) Do c) continuing
c) Can d) will continued
d) Have e) have continue
e) Shall
016 | UNESP 1996
011 | UEL 1996 Assinale a alternativa correta:
Assinale a tradução correta da frase entre aspas apresentada
no diálogo a seguir: Could I __________ earlier tomorrow?
61
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
020 | FAAP 1997 025 | UNESP 1997
Assinale a alternativa correta: The rain can __________ our shoes.
I'm sorry the train was late and I __________ arrive earlier. a) spoil
b) spoils
a) couldn't c) spoiled
b) ought not d) to spoil
c) don't e) spoiling
d) mustn't
e) wouldn't 026 | UECE 1996 – ADAPTED
He must have seen the old priest's corpse lying there.
021 | CESGRANRIO 1990
The phrase BE ABLE TO in "the laser light signals will also be – Taking "must" as an example, choose the alternative
able to transmit video telephone conversations in the where the modal is used correctly:
future" expresses the idea of:
a) This card should be sent at once.
a) permission. b) She should be sent us a post card.
b) assumption. c) They ought not go to the beach on Friday.
c) obligation. d) He must not to come to the party tonight.
d) ability.
e) necessity. 027 | UERJ 1998
The word CAN in "consumers can start questioning
022 | CESGRANRIO 1991 advertising" expresses:
In "servilities that must be avoided" the modal auxiliary
MUST expresses an idea of obligation. The form which would a) possibility.
NOT express the same idea in this same context is: b) probability.
c) permission.
a) had better. d) intention.
b) have to.
028 | UFRS 1998 – ADAPTED
c) need to.
d) ought to. In “he should have reached the door of 10 Downing Street”,
e) have got to. the form "should have reached" indicates the same as:
62
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
031 | UNIRIO 1999 – ADAPTED 036 | MACKENZIE 1998 – ADAPTED
How dreadful for them to sense, as they must, the lack of Your government check may not arrive, your insurance
enthusiasm of the audience. policies may have expired.
– "As they must" sugere: In the sentence above, "may have expired" has the meaning
of:
a) obrigação.
b) advertência. a) permission.
c) recomendação. b) real deduction.
d) dedução. c) unreal future.
e) permissão. d) uncertainty.
e) logical conclusion.
032 | UFRN 1999 – ADAPTED
I would like to find an agency or agencies that might be 037 | UNESP 2002
interested in using the images for textbooks, calendars or Yoshinori Haga said that __________ a great potential and
postcards. that, among other reasons, toys __________ used for
entertainment.
– A forma verbal MIGHT BE exprime:
a) there was – can be
a) necessidade. b) there is – were
b) certeza. c) there were – couldn't be
c) probabilidade. d) there was – could be
d) condição. e) there wasn't – can't be
63
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
041 | UEL 2000 045 | FATEC 1999
Andrew Parker, a researcher at the Australian Museum, Assinale a alternativa que apresenta o significado
discovered that a bevy of tropical beauties are capable of correspondente mais próximo a "Sales may get a boost":
harnessing solar power for murderous ends.
a) Sales are going to get a boost.
– A expressão ARE CAPABLE OF significa o mesmo que: b) Sales are able to get a boost.
c) Sales will get a boost.
a) can. d) Sales must get a boost.
b) must. e) Sales might get a boost.
c) might.
d) should. 046 | MACKENZIE 2000
e) will. In which of the statements does the modal MUST express
necessity?
042 | UEL 2000
The mummies may also provide anthropologists with new a) There's somebody in the other office. It must be my boss!
knowledge about capac cocha, the lncas' ritual sacrifice of b) You mustn't smoke here!
children. c) She must be a very good student. She always gets A's.
d) I must go right now!
– O uso de MAY, na frase acima, indica que o autor: e) Who must he be? There are lots of people around him!
64
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
050 | PUCRIO 2003 052 | MACKENZIE 2004
A different and possible ending to the sentence "If I put my
shoes on the right feet" is:
a) possibility.
b) permission.
c) necessity.
d) assumption.
– In "you should start each day with a song... in your soul", e) capacity.
"should" expresses an idea of:
054 | UFRS 2004
a) certainty. Consider the following sentences:
b) obligation.
c) impossibility. I. The magic should come from another place.
d) probability. II. It would be necessary for the magic to come from
e) advice. elsewhere.
III. The magic had to come from any other place.
051 | PUCPR 2003
Match the columns below. Then mark the option which – Which of them means the same as the sentence THE
provides the correct order of the second column: MAGIC WOULD HAVE TO COME FROM SOMEWHERE ELSE?
Coluna I a) Only I.
(1) Shall I switch off b) Only II.
(2) Could I carry c) Only III.
(3) Can I take d) Only I and III.
(4) I'll help e) Only II and III.
(5) Would you like
055 | ITA 2005
Coluna II Assinale a opção que contém as respectivas melhores
( ) you do the washing up. traduções para os verbos destacados nos trechos a seguir:
( ) your coat?
( ) those bags for you? – "But the extinct languages of which we have some
( ) something to drink? historical record in this part of the world MUST be only a
( ) the lights? fraction of those for which we have nothing."
– "It is easy to see that no sensible estimate CAN be
– The option that shows the correct order of the second obtained about the rate at which languages have died in the
column is: past."
– "We CAN of course make guesses at the size of the
a) 4 – 3 – 2 – 5 – 1 population in previous eras, and the likely size of
b) 5 – 3 – 2 – 1 – 4 communities, and work out possible numbers of languages."
c) 4 – 2 – 3 – 1 – 5
d) 4 – 3 – 2 – 1 – 5 a) devem; pode; pode.
e) 5 – 2 – 3 – 4 – 1 b) devem; pode; podem.
c) devem; pode; podemos.
d) deve; podem; pode.
e) deve; podem; podemos.
65
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
056 | UNESP 2005 059 | PUCRIO 2006
Indique a sentença que expressa um conselho: In the sentence "One reason TV can become instructive,
when parents explain why children should not copy what
a) When depressed, teens always ask for adult guidance. they saw", the word can expresses the idea of:
b) Teens see more of what life has to offer and then they
become depressed. a) ability.
c) Adolescents who never make new friends become b) request.
depressed. c) inability.
d) Adolescents don't try to make new friends when they feel d) permission.
depressed. e) possibility.
e) When teens become depressed, they should try to ask an
adult for help. 060 | MACKENZIE 2005
a) faced.
b) concerns.
c) can find.
d) get.
e) are.
66
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
062 | PUCRIO 2007 067 | EFOMM 2008
In "This study appears to show us that the use of energy - “How come Bob argued with the waiter?”
drinks might predispose people to abuse alcohol", might can - “The food __________ awful.”
be correctly substituted by:
a) had better be
a) must. b) should have been
b) shall. c) can be
c) had to. d) must have been
d) could. e) ought to be
e) ought to.
068 | PUCRIO 2008
063 | PUCRIO 2007 Mark the only alternative that contains a correct
In "It could be a plane crashing into the World Trade correspondence between the verb form in capital letters and
Center", could can be correctly substituted by: its meaning:
67
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
071 | UFPE 1998 – ADAPTED 074 | AFA 2005
"Must" in the sentence "Why the monarchy must stay" is
equivalent to:
(0) could
(1) ought to
(2) is obliged to
(3) should
(4) has to
a) F V V V V
b) F V F V V
c) F V V V F
d) V F V V V
e) V V V F V “I don’t care what planet you’re from, you can’t run around
Earth stark naked!”
072 | UFPE 1998 – ADAPTED
"MAY" in "Blacks with different tribal tongues MAY have – Which sentence has the same idea as the modal can’t in
been forced to create this common black vernacular," the sentence above?
indicates:
a) You don’t have to run around Earth…
(0) possibility. b) You needn’t run around Earth…
(1) probability. c) You mustn’t run around Earth…
(2) certainty. d) You aren’t able to run around Earth…
(3) obligation.
(4) permission. 075 | JFS 2012
Match the following sentences with the best meaning
– The correct sequence is: expressed by the modal verb in each of them.
68
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
005 | CESGRANRIO 1994
Active and Passive Voice Mark the sentence below which is NOT in the passive voice:
001 | UNITAU 1995 a) A revolutionary telephone system was unveiled.
Assinale a alternativa que corresponde à forma ativa da b) A sophisticated computer was programmed.
frase a seguir: c) It was instructed to translate "out of sight, out of mind".
d) The Russian translation was then fed into the computer.
A detailed description (...) is given.
e) A computer will invariably have difficulty in making sense
a) The authors give a detailed description. of it.
b) The authors will give a detailed description.
006 | UNIRIO 1995
c) The authors have given a detailed description.
d) The authors gave a detailed description. The PASSIVE construction equivalent to "in addition,
e) The authors will have given a detailed description. Frogwear absorbs very little water" is:
003 | UNITAU 1995 a) We were experimenting with the use of sound waves.
Assinale a alternativa que corresponde à voz passiva da frase b) It was a very low-tech start.
a seguir: c) Madonna has now been replaced by high energy waves.
d) All glass is weak because it cracks.
Future generations may regard the scientific indictment of e) Glass products have microscopic cracks in them.
smoking as a major contribution to preventive medicine and
the health of the western world. 008 | UNESP 1991
Assinale a alternativa que preenche corretamente a lacuna
a) Future generations will be regarded by the scientific da frase a seguir:
indictment of smoking as | ...
b) The scientific indictment of smoking has been regarded by Those people are happy because they __________ love in
future generations as | ... their childhood.
c) The scientific indictment of smoking may be regarded by
future generations as | ... a) was given
d) The scientific future generations may be regard by b) has given
smoking as | ... c) were given
e) Future generations of smoking will be regarded by the d) have being given
indictment as | ... e) be given
69
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
010 | FAAP 1996 014 | MACKENZIE 1997
The passive form of the sentence "The International Court of The Passive Voice of "It is alleged that he stole a car" is:
Hague rejected an attempt by New Zealand to stop further
French nuclear tests in the South Pacific" is: a) He is alleged to have stolen a car.
b) The car is alleged to have stolen by him.
a) An attempt by New Zealand to stop further French c) It was alleged that the car is stolen by him.
nuclear tests in the South Pacific have been rejected by The d) It is alleged that he has stolen a car.
International Court of Justice in Hague e) He alleged that the car was stolen by him.
b) An attempt by New Zealand to stop further French
nuclear tests in the South Pacific would be rejected by The 015 | MACKENZIE 1997
International Court of Justice in Hague Change the following sentence to the Passive Voice:
c) An attempt by New Zealand to stop further French nuclear
tests in the South Pacific was rejected by The International Thousands of people ride the underground every morning.
Court of Justice in Hague
d) The International Court of Justice has rejected an attempt a) The underground is ridded by thousands of people every
by New Zealand to stop further French nuclear tests in the morning.
South Pacific. b) The underground was rode by thousands of people every
e) An attempt by New Zealand to stop further French morning.
nuclear tests in the South Pacific is being rejected by The c) The underground is rode by thousands of people every
International Court of Justice in Hague morning.
d) Thousands of people is ride by the underground every
011 | MACKENZIE 1996 morning.
Change the following sentence to the Passive Voice: e) The underground is ridden by thousands of people every
morning.
Somebody left the lights on all night.
016 | MACKENZIE 1997
a) All night somebody left the lights. The Passive Voice of "Man has made the world much more
b) The lights are left on all night. complex" is:
c) The lights didn't leave on all night.
d) The lights were left on all night. a) Much more complex has made the world.
e) The lights was left on all night. b) The world was been made much more complex by man.
c) Much more complex was the world made.
012 | MACKENZIE 1996 d) Complex has been made the world much more by man.
Change the following sentence to the Passive Voice: e) The world has been made much more complex.
You don't need to wind this wonderful watch. 017 | MACKENZIE 1997
Change the following sentence to the Passive Voice:
a) This wonderful watch isn't needed to be wind.
b) This wonderful watch doesn't need to winded. Did the army surround the city?
c) This wonderful watch doesn't need to be wound.
d) This wonderful watch don't need to be wounded. a) Is the city surrounded by the army?
e) You don't need to be wounded by this wonderful watch. b) Was the city surround by the army?
c) The city was surround by the army.
013 | MACKENZIE 1996 d) Was the city surrounded by the army?
A voz passiva de "Somebody must send me the new books" e) Was the army surrounded by the city?
é:
018 | MACKENZIE 1997
a) I must send the new books. Change the following sentence to the Passive Voice:
b) The new books must be sent to me.
c) I will be sent the new books. In 1945 the allied powers defeated Germany.
d) The new books would be sent to me.
e) The new books must be send by somebody. a) In 1945 Germany was defeated by the allied powers.
b) In 1945 Germany did defeated by the allied powers.
c) In 1945 Germany are defeated by the allied powers.
d) The allied powers were defeated by the Germany in 1945.
e) In 1945 Germany was defeat by the allied powers.
70
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
019 | CESGRANRIO 1991 023 | CESGRANRIO 1999
The sentence Young people today think that "Thank you", All the following sentences have a verb in the passive voice,
"You're welcome" and "Excuse me" are servilities that must EXCEPT one. Mark it:
be avoided, is in the passive voice.
a) More powerful tobacco health-warning labels may be
– Mark the option which does NOT have a verb in the required.
passive voice: b) Where are the warnings that alcohol may lead to violence,
may cause death?
a) The most famous model in the world was born in Brazil. c) Government and public opinion seem to be content to
b) The same syndrome is reflected in some advertisements. allow alcohol to be portrayed as a fun, benign substance.
c) Children who haven't been raised in boarding schools are d) With tobacco, the product has been demonized.
happier. e) With alcohol, it is the user who has been held responsible.
d) This piece of advertising was chosen among many others.
e) If she hadn't been taught how to model, she wouldn't be 024 | UFPB 1998
famous now. This sentence is in the PASSIVE VOICE:
In many parts of the world, the future productivity of the soil a) Doctors warn women.
__________ by man's ill use of it. b) Women warn doctors.
c) Doctors are warned by women.
a) endangers d) Women are being warned.
b) endangered e) Doctors warned women.
c) will endanger
d) are endangered 025 | FUVEST 1999
e) is endangered Choose the correct active voice form for "They have been
widely praised":
021 | PUCPR 1997
Choose the correct form in the passive voice for Mr. Brown a) The press had widely praised them.
gave us a lesson: b) People praised them widely.
c) One has widely praised them.
a) We had given a lesson. d) The press has widely praised them.
b) A lesson will be given us by Mr. Brown. e) People has widely praised them.
c) A lesson is being given us by Mr. Brown.
d) We were giving a lesson. 026 | MACKENZIE 1998
e) We were given a lesson by Mr. Brown. Indicate the alternative that best completes the following
sentence:
022 | UFRS 1997 – ADAPTED
A correct active version of the underlined expression in When the manager arrived, the problem __________.
Hammett came to the foot of the stairs and in a whisper
said, "Come down. Be very quiet. When you get to the last a) was been solved already.
few steps, crouch very low so that you can't be seen through b) should to be solved yet.
the window" is: c) had already been solved.
d) has still been solved.
a) so that anything can't see you. e) had already solved.
b) so that nothing can't see you.
c) so that anybody can see you. 027 | MACKENZIE 1999
d) so that no one can see you. He __________ responsible for the accident.
e) so that none can't see you.
a) was holding
b) has been holing
c) held
d) was held
e) would hold
71
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
028 | MACKENZIE 1999 033 | FUVEST 2001 – ADAPTED
Our plan __________ by the members of the committee. At the moment, so-called genetically modified (GM) crops
are in disgrace. Consumers, particularly in Europe, are wary
a) will consider of buying food that may contain them. Environmental
b) has being considered activists are ripping up fields where they are being tested
c) has considered experimentally. And companies that design them are selling
d) have been considered off their GM subsidiaries, or even themselves, to anyone
e) is being considered willing to take on the risk.
a) Were they interested in the idea? a) fields where scientists have been testing them
b) Was the idea interest to them? experimentally
c) The idea was interested to them? b) fields where environmentalists are testing them
d) Were they interest in the idea? experimentally
e) Are they interested in the idea? c) fields where genetic engineers had been testing them
experimentally
030 | MACKENZIE 1999 d) fields where genetic engineers are testing them
Indicate the alternative that best completes the following experimentally
sentence: e) fields where one has been testing them experimentally
Not __________ __________ about the accident since that 034 | PUCRS 2001
time. The correct active voice for the sentence "20 billion were
spent on diet products and services" is "People __________
a) much – has said 20 billion on diet products and services".
b) much – has been said
c) a lot – is said a) spent
d) many – has said b) have spent
e) very much – has being said c) will spend
d) had spent
031 | UFRS 1998 – ADAPTED e) spend
Tess of the D'Urbervilles is the story of the seduction,
betrayal, and destruction of an innocent girl, Tess 035 | PUCRS 2002
Durbeyfield, who is led by her foolish parents into thinking The correct active voice of "The Athena guidance is now
she comes from an ancient noble family, the D'Urbervilles. being negotiated with other groups" is:
– The active form "is led by her foolish parents" is HER a) They are now negotiating the Athena guidance with other
FOOLISH PARENTS: groups.
b) The Athena guidance with other groups is now being
a) are lead. negotiated.
b) have led. c) Other groups are now negotiating the Athena guidance.
c) lead. d) The Athena guidance is now negotiating with other
d) leads. groups.
e) led. e) They have been negotiating the Athena guidance.
72
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
037 | FATEC 2000 041 | PUCRS 1999
Assinale a alternativa em que a voz do verbo (voz passiva) é The correct passive form of "This town of 1,500 has acquired
a mesma empregada em THE PESTICIDE HAS BEEN BANNED: a unique status" is "A unique status:
a) The chemicals are still a serious threat everywhere. a) was acquired by this town of 1,500."
b) It's so effective in controlling mosquitoes that carry the b) has been acquired by this town of 1,500."
malaria parasite. c) have been acquired by this town of 1,500."
c) Small amount of pesticide can disrupt the working of d) was being acquired by this town of 1,500."
human hormones. e) had been acquired by this town of 1,500."
d) Some of the highest concentrations of DDT are found in
polar bears, penguins. 042 | PUCRS 2000
e) They condense and fall to the ground in cold weather. The correct Active Voice for "Most of the product examples
were found in word problems in books" is "People:
038 | FEI 2000
"He was elected". Indique a forma ativa: a) will have found most of the product examples in word
problems in books."
a) He elects. b) found most of the product examples in word problems in
b) He elected. books."
c) He had elected. c) will be finding most of the product examples in word
d) He has elected. problems in books."
e) He is electing. d) had been found most of the product examples in word
problems in books."
039 | UNESP 2002 e) had found most of the product examples in word
Indique a alternativa que expressa o mesmo significado de: problems in books."
Japanese toymakers now see senior citizens as their most 043 | UFRRJ 2000
dynamic market. Another way of saying "I was shocked by their intensity" is:
a) Senior citizens are now seen as their most dynamic a) I shocked the with the intensity.
market by Japanese toymakers. b) Their intensity shocked me.
b) Senior citizens were seen as the Japanese toymakers' c) Shocking them was intense.
most dynamic market. d) Their intensity was shocked by me.
c) Senior citizens' most dynamic market is seen as the e) Their intensity was shocking me.
Japanese toymakers.
d) Senior citizens and Japanese toymakers are seen as the 044 | FATEC 2002
most dynamic market. Assinale a alternativa que corresponde à voz ativa da frase
e) Senior citizens are seen as Japanese toymakers by their the young Baartman was lured away em "In 1810, the
most dynamic market. young Baartman was lured away from her Khoisan kin in
South Africa":
040 | UNESP 2003
Indique a alternativa que expressa o mesmo significado de: a) they lured the young Baartman away.
b) they lure away the young Baartman.
When children watch TV, they encounter a wide range of c) they have lured away the young Baartman.
places, people, and information. d) they had lured the young Baartman away.
e) they were lured the young Baartman away.
a) When children watch TV, a wide range of places, people,
and information will be encounter. 045 | FATEC 2003
b) When children watch TV, a wide range of places, people, Assinale a alternativa que apresenta a voz ativa correta da
and information are encountered. frase destacada em "EPHEDRA HAS BEEN LINKED TO A
c) When children watch TV, a wide range of places, people, NUMBER OF STROKES, heart attacks and seizures and more
than 100 deaths":
and information is encountered.
d) When TV was watched, a wide range of places, people,
a) They linked ephedra to a number of strokes.
and information are encountered by children.
b) A number of strokes have been linked to ephedra.
e) A wide range of places, people, and information will be
c) They have linked ephedra to a number of strokes.
encountered when children watched TV.
d) A number of strokes has been linked to ephedra.
e) They had been linked ephedra to a number of strokes.
73
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
046 | FATEC 2003 051 | MACKENZIE 2003
Assinale a alternativa que apresenta a voz ativa correta da The sentence "Nair has produced a readable work that
frase "Few of these businesses are run by corporations": questions some modern assumptions" in the passive voice
would be:
a) Corporations ran few of these businesses.
b) Corporations run few of these businesses. a) A readable work that questions some modern
c) Corporations are ran by few of these businesses. assumptions has been produced by Nair.
d) Corporations were run by few of these businesses. b) A readable work has been produced by questions about
e) Corporations have run few of these businesses. modern assumptions by Nair.
c) Some modern assumptions are questioned by a readable
047 | UFRS 2001 work produced by Nair.
The sentence "Lucifer is ordered to obey the Son of God" d) Questions that have been produced by Nair have been
means the same as: worked by readable modern assumptions.
e) Modern assumptions that have been worked by Nair are
a) The Son of God orders Lucifer to obey Him. producing readable modern questions.
b) Lucifer orders the Son of God to obey him.
c) God orders His Son to obey Lucifer. 052 | MACKENZIE 2004
d) Lucifer obeys the orders of the Son of God. The sentence "Their longstanding authority over the City
e) Someone orders Lucifer to obey the Son of God. development had never been seriously challenged" in the
active voice will be:
048 | MACKENZIE 1998
Indicate the alternative that best completes the following a) Their longstanding authority had never challenged
sentence: seriously the City development.
b) Nobody had ever seriously challenged their longstanding
A small number of visitors __________ to come to the authority over the City development.
meeting. c) The City development had never been challenged
seriously by their longstanding authority.
a) are expecting d) The development over the City's longstanding authority
b) are expected had ever been challenged.
c) will expect e) Seriously had the City development ever been challenged
d) have expected by their longstanding authority.
e) is expected
053 | FATEC 2004
049 | MACKENZIE 1998 Many sorts of work __________ by different groups of
__________ cheats on the test __________ sooner or later. economists.
a) He said his regular pills were taken with memantine. – Assinale a alternativa em que a transposição dessa frase
b) If he takes memantine with his regular pills, said the para a voz passiva está correta, completando a frase abaixo:
doctor, he will be cured.
Still, no protection from biological or chemical weapons
c) Someone said the pills that he took were taken with
__________.
memantine.
d) He must take memantine with his regular pills, have said a) are offered
the doctor. b) is offered
e) The doctor said that he should take memantine with his c) was offered
regular pills. d) were offered
e) have been offered
74
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
055 | PUCRS 2004 059 | UFV 2004 – ADAPTED
A voz ativa correspondente a "The pulsations in a red giant's Choose the alternative which presents BOTH examples in the
luminosity are caused by dramatic fluctuations in the star's passive voice:
temperature" é:
a) The distinction between individualistic media use and
a) Dramatic fluctuations in the star's temperature caused the social activities such as chatting with friends is less extreme
pulsations in a red giant's luminosity. than "is commonly assumed"./ Only 1 child in 100 "can be
b) The star's temperature cause the dramatic fluctuations in classed" as a real screen addict.
a red giant's luminosity. b) Increasing prosperity "has also contributed" to the rise of
c) The red giant's luminosity and the star's temperature the bedroom culture./ British teenagers "have always
caused the dramatic fluctuations on the stars. retreated" to their bedrooms.
d) Dramatic fluctuations in the star's temperature cause the c) The distinction between individualistic media use and
pulsations in a red giant's luminosity. social activities such as chatting with friends is less extreme
e) The star's temperature have caused dramatic fluctuations than "is commonly assumed"./ Increasing prosperity "has
in a red giant's luminosity. also contributed" to the rise of the bedroom culture.
d) Only 1 child in 100 "can be classed" as a real screen
056 | UNESP 2004 addict./ British teenagers "have always retreated" to their
Indique a alternativa que expressa o mesmo significado de: bedrooms.
e) The distinction between individualistic media use and
More than 5 million Americans are affected by serious and social activities such as chatting with friends is less extreme
often life-threatening eating disorders. than "is commonly assumed"./ British teenagers "have
always retreated" to their bedrooms.
a) Serious and often life-threatening eating disorders affect
more than 5 million Americans. 060 | UFV 2005 – ADAPTED
b) Serious and often life-threatening eating disorders Choose the alternative in which BOTH verbal forms are
affected more than 5 million Americans. examples of the passive voice:
c) More than 5 million Americans affect serious and often
life-threatening eating disorders. a) Discovered in the early 1950s, the Yanomami "were left
d) More than 5 millions serious and life-threatening eating alone" for much of the next three decades./ At least two
disorders often affect Americans. thousand Yanomami have been massacred or "have died" of
e) Serious and life-threatening eating disorders have been epidemics of measles, tuberculosis, and hepatitis.
often affected by more than 5 million Americans. b) Discovered in the early 1950s, the Yanomami "were left
alone" for much of the next three decades./ At least two
057 | UFRS 2004 thousand Yanomami "have been massacred" or have died of
Select the correct alternative to complete the sentence epidemics of measles, tuberculosis, and hepatitis.
below: c) I "could scarcely have found" a friendlier people./ At least
two thousand Yanomami "have been massacred" or have
The active version of the sentence The ghost has been seen
died of epidemics of measles, tuberculosis, and hepatitis.
by several living members of my family is the sentence d) I "could scarcely have found" a friendlier people./ At least
SEVERAL LIVING MEMBERS OF MY FAMILY __________. two thousand Yanomami have been massacred or "have
died" of epidemics of measles, tuberculosis, and hepatitis.
a) saw the ghost
e) I "could scarcely have found" a friendlier people./
b) had seen the ghost
Discovered in the early 1950s, the Yanomami "were left
c) were seeing the ghost
alone" for much of the next three decades.
d) have seen the ghost
e) were to see the ghost
061 | UFRRJ 2005
The sentence "People are scared by this proposition" is
058 | UFSM 2004
equivalent to:
Em "The proposal __________ established by France
__________ May 1950", assinale a alternativa que completa
a) This proposition scared people.
as lacunas:
b) This proposition scares people.
a) will – in c) This proposition has scared people.
b) was – in d) This proposition had scared people.
c) would – at e) This proposition is scaring people.
d) is – at
e) were – on
75
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
062 | PUCCAMP 2005 – ADAPTED 066 | FUVEST 2006
O significado da sentença "Não se pergunta a um atleta da Choose the correct passive voice form for:
Irlanda se é católico ou protestante" corresponde, em inglês,
a: No one has made any attempt to tackle the issue.
a) It is not asked an Irish athlete if he is Catholic or a) No attempt has been made to tackle the issue.
Protestant. b) No attempt is made by anybody to tackle the issue.
b) An Irish athlete is not asked if he is Catholic or Protestant. c) It could not be made any attempt to tackle the issue.
c) Do not ask an Irish athlete if he is Catholic or Protestant. d) It is not made any attempt to tackle the issue.
d) One should not ask an Irish athlete if he is Catholic or e) No attempt was made by anybody to tackle the issue.
Protestant.
e) No asking an Irish athlete if he is Catholic or Protestant. 067 | MACKENZIE 2004
The sentence "E.M.D.R. helps victims of trauma reprocess
063 | UNESP 2005 disturbing thoughts and memories" in the passive voice will
Indique a alternativa que expressa o mesmo significado de: be:
Depression is defined by doctors as an illness that affects the a) Victims of trauma are helped to reprocess disturbing
ability to function. thoughts and memories by E.M.D.R.
b) Disturbing thoughts and memories are reprocessed by
a) Doctors had defined depression as an illness that affects victims of trauma which are helped by E.M.D.R.
the ability to function. c) Victims of trauma are reprocessed disturbing thoughts
b) Doctors define depression as an illness that affects the and memories by the help of E.M.D.R.
ability to function. d) Disturbing thoughts and memories are helped to
c) Doctors would define depression as an illness that affects reprocess victims of trauma by E.M.D.R.
the ability to function. e) E.M.D.R. is helped to reprocess disturbing thoughts and
d) Doctors are defining depression as an illness that affects memories by victims of trauma.
the ability to function.
e) Doctors are used to defining depression as an illness that 068 | MACKENZIE 2005
affects the ability to function. The sentence "She counsels them to give 'urgent priority' to
finding a marriage partner fast" in the passive voice will be:
064 | UNESP 2005
Indique a alternativa que expressa o mesmo significado de: a) Finding a marriage partner fast and give 'urgent priority'
to them is counselled by her.
Adults expect teens to act moody. b) 'Urgent priority' to finding a marriage partner fast is
counselled by them.
a) Teens expected adults to act moody.
c) To give 'urgent priority' to finding a marriage partner fast
b) Adults are expected by teens to act moody.
was counselled by her to them.
c) Adults and teens are expected to act moody.
d) She counselled them to be given 'urgent priority' to
d) Teens are expected to act moody.
finding a marriage partner fast.
e) Teens always act moody, although it is never expected by
e) They are counselled to give 'urgent priority' to finding a
adults.
marriage partner fast.
065 | FATEC 2005
Assinale a alternativa que apresente a forma correta da voz 069 | MACKENZIE 2005
passiva da seguinte frase: The sentence "Daniel L. Schacter explores the memory
miscues that occur in everyday life" in the passive voice will
The decline of Education threatens our future as a nation be:
and as a people.
a) The memory miscues that occurs in everyday life is
a) Our future is threatened by the nation and the explored by Daniel L. Schacter.
Education's decline. b) The memory miscues that occur are explored by everyday
b) Our future was threatened by the decline of Education as life.
a nation and as a people. c) In everyday life the memory miscues have explored by
c) Our future is to be threatened by the people as a nation. Daniel L. Schacter.
d) Our future as a nation and as a people is threatened by d) The memory miscues that occur in everyday life are
the decline of Education. explored by Daniel L. Schacter.
e) A nation and a people are threatening the Education's e) Life that occurred everyday by memory miscues explores
decline. by Daniel L. Schacter.
76
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
070 | ITA 2006 073 | PUCPR 2007
"The seeds will be eaten by the birds" is the passive voice
for:
a) Communities have never rejected new members. a) passive voice, active voice, active voice.
b) Good ideas took shape at the end of the session. b) passive voice, active voice, passive voice.
c) Some communities have been able to control their c) active voice, active voice, passive voice.
growth. d) active voice, passive voice, passive voice.
d) Several social groups could be connected by the Internet.
e) Young students are never tired of chatting with friends on
email.
77
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
077 | UECE 2008 082 | AFA 2007
The sentences: "critics have attached importance to the Change the sentence below into passive voice:
ethical purpose of literature" and "a textbook is written in
continuous prose" are respectively in the: Chlorates and nitrates usually provide oxygen for the
reaction.
a) passive voice and active voice
b) active voice and passive voice a) Oxygen is provided for the reaction usually by chlorates
c) passive voice and passive voice and nitrates.
d) active voice and active voice b) The ones that usually provide oxygen for the reaction are
chlorates and nitrates.
078 | UNESP 2003 c) Oxygen for the reaction is usually provided by chlorates
The text __________ a study in which 100 preschool and nitrates.
children __________ both before and after watching TV. d) Chlorates and nitrates are usually provided by oxygen for
the reaction.
a) reported – is observed
b) reports – observed 083 | PUCPR 1998
c) reported – had been observed Choose the RIGHT alternative to complete the passage:
d) had reported – were observed
e) reports – had observed Everything __________ ready for the party. The room
__________, the furniture __________. There __________
079 | MACKENZIE 1998 bottles of wine and food on the table. A jazz record
Mark the option that best completes the following sentence: __________ and the atmosphere was just right.
A prize __________ to whoever solves this equation. a) is – is clean – is moved – are – is playing
b) was – had been cleaned – had been moved – were – was
a) has given playing
b) should give c) had been – had been cleaned – had been moved – were –
c) is giving had been played
d) will be given d) was – had cleaned – had moved – was – had played
e) must have given e) were – was cleaned – was moved – were – was playing
– The alternative that contains the verbs which complete Joseph Merlim __________ the first skates in 1760.
blanks I, II and III in their appropriate tense is:
a) made
a) are – made – mentioned b) makes
b) have – has made – to be mentioned c) has made
c) are – being made – been mentioned d) was making
d) have been – has made – mentioned
e) are – is to be made – to be mentioned 085 | EFOMM 2005
So far the President __________.
081 | AFA 2007
Mark the option that means "Heating bills can be reduced a) has not been elected
when double glazing is installed": b) will never be elected
c) would be elected soon
a) When double glazing is installed heating bills can reduce d) had been elected
it. e) would have been elected
b) Double glazing can reduce heating bills when it is
installed.
c) Double glazing is installed to reduce heating bills.
d) When you install double glazing you reduce heating bills.
78
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
086 | EFOMM 2006 091 | UNESP 2006
In: "The invention of the automobile has changed American Indique a alternativa que expressa o mesmo significado de:
life in several ways", the passive voice is:
It seems that some theories can't explain the origins of
a) “American life is being changed in several ways”. terrorism.
b) “American life was being changed in several ways”.
c) “American life is changed in several ways”. a) It seems that the origins of terrorism weren't explained by
d) “American life has been changed in several ways”. all theories.
e) “American life would be changed in several ways”. b) It seems that the origins of terrorism shouldn't be
explained by theories.
087 | EFOMM 2007 c) It seems that all theories might be explained by the origins
In: "This expedition will use a special Russian-owned ship", of terrorism.
the passive voice is: d) It seems that the origins of terrorism are explained by all
theories.
a) A special Russian-owned ship will use by this expedition. e) It seems that the origins of terrorism can't be explained by
b) A special Russian-owned ship would use by this some theories.
expedition.
c) A special Russian-owned ship will be used by this 092 | FASM 2000
expedition. Critics call the data misleading in the Passive Voice is:
d) A special Russian-owned ship would be used by this
expedition. a) Misleading is called data by critics.
e) A special Russian-owned ship would used by this b) Data is called misleading by critics.
expedition. c) Data misleading is called by critics.
d) Data are called misleading by critics.
088 | EFOMM 2008 e) Critics are called misleading by data.
The problem __________ discussed by the board of
directors when it was proposed again by the supervisors. 093 | JFS 1999
Mark the correct Passive Voice of the following sentence:
a) had already
b) is already The helicopter is dropping the food supplies.
c) had already been
d) has already a) The food supplies is being dropped by the helicopter.
e) has already been b) The food supplies are been dropped by the helicopter.
c) The food supplies are being dropped by the helicopter.
089 | UFRRJ 2003 d) The food supplies are being droped by the helicopter.
The sentence "Scientists think they have found what causes e) The food supplies have been being dropped by the
people to sneeze" is equivalent to: helicopter.
79
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
096 | FUVEST 1979 100 | JFS 2008
Assinale a alternativa que corresponde à frase: Fill in the blanks correctly:
Preciso mandar fazer um terno para o casamento. I. Paulson and Patrick __________ hurt during the game
yesterday.
a) I must have a suit made for the wedding. II. Chris __________ a terrific necklace during her birthday
b) I have to have a suit done for the wedding. party last weekend.
c) I have to tell to do a suit for the marriage. III. Do you think I look prettier? I have had my nose
d) I need to order to make a suit for the wedding. __________.
e) I must send to do a suit for the marriage. IV. It __________ said that the price of oil will go again.
V. Will the meeting __________ at noon or after the coffee
097 | MACKENZIE 1996 break?
Choose the correct alternative to complete the following
sentence: – Now, mark the correct sequence:
Since I haven't got __________, I will __________. a) were got – was given – straightened – has been – be
realized
a) enough time – have the cake made b) got – was given – straighten – had been – have been
b) time enough – get someone to make the cake realized
c) enough time – bake the cake myself c) have got – were given – straightened – is – can be realized
d) any time – make the cake d) got – was given – straightened – is – be realized
e) time enough – ask somebody to bake the cake e) gotten – were given – straighten – was – be realized
80
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
Change the sentences from 05 to 11 into the Reported
Direct and Indirect Speech (Indirect) Speech:
001 | FUVEST 1977 005 | MACKENZIE 1996
Qual destas formas está correta se usada por uma pessoa Sally said to me, "Do you know what time it is?"
que narra um acontecimento?
a) Sally asked me if I knew what time it was.
a) He thought she has not known what she is going through;
b) Sally told me whether she knew what time it was.
b) He thought she will never know what she will have to go c) Sally asked me whether she know what time it is.
through now; d) Sally asked me if I know what time it is.
c) He thought she would never know what she had gone e) Sally told me if I knew what time was it.
through then;
d) He thinks she did not know what she was going through; 006 | MACKENZIE 1996
e) He will think she did not know what she went through Jeff said to Meg, "You don't understand me."
then.
a) Jeff told Meg she didn't understand him.
002 | FUVEST 1977 b) Jeff asked Meg that her didn't understand herself.
Qual é a forma indireta, correspondente à forma direta "The c) Jeff told Meg that she didn't understood him.
teacher said, Are you sure you have all understood me"? d) Jeff told Meg that he didn't understand her.
e) Jeff told Meg she did understand him.
a) The teacher said if you are sure you had understood him;
b) The teacher asked whether we were sure we did
007 | MACKENZIE 1996
understand him; "Are there any messages for me?", said Helen.
c) The teacher said if we all are sure we have understood
him; a) Helen asked if there is any messages for her.
d) The teacher asked if they were sure they had all b) Helen asked whether there were any messages for she.
understood him; c) Helen asked whether were there any messages for herself.
e) The teacher asked them to be sure to understand him. d) Helen asked if there were some messages for her.
e) Helen asked if there were any messages for herself.
003 | FUVEST 1977 – ADAPTED
Complete o diálogo a seguir: 008 | MACKENZIE 1996
The director said to the boys, "Behave yourselves."
John: I congratulate you on your success.
Peter: Pardon me. a) The director asked the boys to behave yourselves.
John: I said __________. b) The director told the boys to behave himself
c) The director asked the boys to behave themselves.
a) that I had congratulated him on his success. d) The director told the boys to behave ourselves.
b) that you congratulated me on your success.
e) The director told the boys, "Behave themselves."
c) that I congratulated him on your success.
d) that I congratulated you on your success. 009 | MACKENZIE 1996
e) that I had congratulated you on my success. The patient said to me, "How long have the doctors been
operating her?"
004 | FUVEST 1978
Assinale a alternativa que equivale ao seguinte: a) The patient asked me how long the doctors had been
operating her.
Suddenly Peter said to me, "Are you hungry?" b) The patient told me how long her had been operating by
the doctors.
a) Suddenly Peter said that I was hungry. c) The patient asked me how long had the doctors been
b) Suddenly Peter told me that I was hungry. operating her.
c) Suddenly Peter asked if he were hungry. d) The patient told me whether have the doctors been
d) Suddenly Peter asked me whether I was hungry.
operating her.
e) Peter informed me that he was hungry.
e) The patient asked me how long had been the doctors
operating her.
81
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
010 | MACKENZIE 1997 014 | UFRS 1998
Warren said to me, "I can't find my glasses in this room." Considere a frase: If you don't feed your Tamagotchi, it will
die.
a) Warren told me that he couldn't found his glasses in that
room. – Escolha a melhor opção para reescrevê-la, começando com
b) Warren told me he couldn't find her glasses in these She told me that:
room.
c) Warren told me that he couldn't find his glasses in that a) if I won't feed my Tamagotchi, it would die.
room. b) if you didn't feed your Tamagotchi, it had died.
d) Warren told me that he can't find his glasses in those c) if I didn't feed my Tamagotchi, it would have died.
room. d) if I didn't feed my Tamagotchi, it would die.
e) Warren said to me that he could not found his glasses in e) if you haven't fed your Tamagotchi, it will have died.
this room.
015 | MACKENZIE 1998
011 | MACKENZIE 1997 A forma indireta de "Would you like to go out tonight?" é:
Helen said to Paul, "Is this a free country?"
a) He asked her if she would have liked to go out tonight.
a) Helen told Paul if this was a free country? b) He asked if would she like to go out that night.
b) Helen asked Paul if that was a free country. c) He asked whether she'd like to go out that night.
c) Helen asked Paul whether that is a free country. d) He asked whether she had liked to go out that night.
d) Helen told Paul this is a free country. e) He asked if she'd liked to go out tonight.
e) Helen told Paul if that is a free country.
016 | UNIRIO 2000
012 | PUCPR 1996 "How would you describe yourself?" is a direct question.
Choose the correct indirect form for: Complete the sentence below with the appropriate indirect
question form:
Oliver said to her: "What will you do tomorrow?"
Daniel Hart asked an African-American teenager:
a) He asked her what she would do the following day.
b) He told her what she would do the following day. a) how to describe it.
c) She wondered what he will do the next day. b) how to describe yourself.
d) He wanted to know what he would do the following day. c) how he would describe yourself.
e) She asked what she would do the next day. d) to describe himself.
e) to describe yourself.
013 | UFPB 1998
Read this sentence: 017 | PUCRS 2000
The correct INDIRECT STATEMENT for the sentence "I don't
The doctor says: "I'm happy we found this trend toward think our children should be subjected to needless
reduced risk." advertising" said Ms. Mazzoni is "Ms. Mazzoni said she:
– The INDIRECT SPEECH is: a) doesn't think their children should be subjected to
needless advertising".
He said that he __________ this trend toward reduced risk. b) has not thought their children should be subjected to
needless advertising".
a) is happy they found. c) would not think their children should be subjected to
b) has been happy we have found. needless advertising".
c) was happy they had found. d) will think their children should be subjected to needless
d) will be happy we will find. advertising".
e) would be happy they would find. e) thinks their children should be subjected to needless
advertising".
82
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
018 | MACKENZIE 2000 023 | MACKENZIE 2003
The sentence They said, "Do parents know their kids?" in the The question "Are left-handed people cognitively different
reported speech would be: from right-handers?" in the indirect speech is:
a) They said that did parents know their kids? a) The book intended to answer why left-handed people are
b) They asked that parents know their kids. cognitively different from right-handers.
c) They said that parents knew the kids. b) It was asked whether left-handed people were cognitively
d) They argued that do parents know their kids. different from right-handers.
e) They asked if parents knew their kids. c) They asked if there are left-handed people cognitively
different from right-handers.
019 | MACKENZIE 2000 d) He inquired if left-handed people had been cognitively
The sentence He said, "Can Asians think?" in the reported different from right-handers.
speech would be: e) It was discussed the reason left-handed people had to be
cognitively different from right-handers.
a) He asked can Asians think?
b) He said that Asians can think. 024 | MACKENZIE 2005
c) He asked that Asians could think. The sentence "We don't want that sort of world" in the
d) He asked if Asians could think. reported speech will be:
e) He said that could Asians think.
a) They said that he hasn't wanted that sort of world.
020 | PUCRIO 2000 b) They told me that they didn't wanted those sort of world.
The girl said to her parents: "Mom and Dad, the police were c) It was said that they didn't want that sort of world.
here while you were gone". If we turned this statement into d) It was said that they didn't want that sorted of world.
reported speech, we would have The girl said to her parents e) It was requested that we didn't want that sorted of world.
that the police:
025 | MACKENZIE 2005
a) had been there while they had been gone. The question "Why are you answering the phone in class?"
b) had been here while they had gone. in the reported speech will be:
c) have been there while they were gone.
d) have been here while they would be gone. a) Gray's mother asked him why is he answering the phone
e) would have been there while they have been gone. in class?
b) Gray's mother wanted to know the reason why was he
021 | UNESP 2006 answering the phone in class.
John Arquilla declared that the greatest advantage of the c) Gray's mother wondered why he was answering the
internet __________ stealth, and that terrorists __________ phone in class.
in an ocean of bits and bytes. d) Gray's mother inquired him about the reason that he has
been answering the phone in class.
a) was – swim e) Gray's mother doubted why he was answering the phone
b) is – swam in class.
c) is – has swum
d) was – swam 026 | PUCPR 2006
e) was – swimming I've been planning to call you for a long time.
022 | FATEC 2002 a) He said he'd been planning to call us for a long time.
Considere a frase "It's a perfect setup for heart disease and b) He said he was planning to call us for a long time.
diabetes, says Stampfer". Assinale a alternativa em que a c) He said he is planning to call us for a long time.
transposição dessa frase para o discurso indireto está d) He asked if he had been planning to call us for a long time.
correta, completando a frase a seguir: e) He told us to call him for a long time.
– Stampfer says:
83
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
027 | JFS 1999 028 | UFPE 2006 – ADAPTED
Read the following cartoons: The two-year old girl said: "Daddy, draw me a spider". The
reported speech for this sentence is:
a) I – He told the man to be brave and not cry; II – He told 1. I told him:
the woman he thought he had good news for her; III – She 2. I didn't know:
asked what his name was.
b) I – He told the man be brave and not to cry; II – He told a) 1. what the homework was./2. what he meant.
the woman he thought he had good news for her; III – She b) 1. what was the homework./2. what he mean.
asked what his name was. c) 1. what was to be the homework./2. what did he mean.
c) I – He told the man to be brave and not to cry; II – He told d) 1. what is the homework./2. what did he meant.
the woman that he thought he had good news for her; III –
She asked what your name was.
d) I – He told to the man to be brave and not to cry; II – He
told the woman that he thought he had good news for her;
III – She asked what is your name was.
e) I – He told the man to be brave and not to cry; II – He told
the woman that he thought he had good news for her; III –
She asked what his name was.
84
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
031 | MACKENZIE 2006 034 | UEL 1998
The sentence "Why has evolution burdened humans with Transformando-se a fala de Sigrid Koch-Baumgarten em
such seemingly irrational passions?" in the reported speech discurso indireto tem-se:
will be:
As social scientists we are interested in trying to understand
a) Fisher asked evolution why it had burdened humans with the Diana phenomenon.
such seemingly irrational passions.
b) Fisher asked why evolution had burdened humans with a) Sigrid Koch-Baumgarten said that as social scientists we
such seemingly irrational passions. are interested in trying to understand the Diana
c) Fisher asked why had evolution been burdened humans phenomenon.
with such seemingly irrational passions? b) Sigrid Koch-Baumgarten says that as social scientists we
d) Fisher said that why had evolution burdened humans with are interested in trying to understand the Diana
such seemingly irrational passions? phenomenon.
e) Fisher asked that evolution has burdened humans with c) Sigrid Koch-Baumgarten has said that as social scientists
such seemingly irrational passions. they would be interested in trying to understand the Diana
phenomenon.
032 | MACKENZIE 2007 d) Sigrid Koch-Baumgarten said that as social scientists they
The sentence Mr. Redstone said, "We don't think someone were interested in trying to understand the Diana
who effectuates creative suicide and costs the company phenomenon.
revenue should be on the lot" in the reported speech would e) Sigrid Koch-Baumgarten says as social scientists they were
be: being interested in trying to understand the Diana
phenomenon.
a) Mr. Redstone believed that they didn't think someone
who would effectuate creative suicide and cost the company 035 | EFOMM 2005
revenue should have been on the lot. Mark the correct option. Helen said: “Somebody must send
b) Mr. Redstone stated that we didn't think someone who me the new books!” She said that:
had effectuated creative suicide and costed the company
revenue should have been on the lot. a) somebody had to send her the new books.
c) Mr. Redstone implied that they didn't think someone who b) somebody had sent her the new books.
effectuated creative suicide and costed the company c) the new books were sent to her.
revenue should have been on the lot. d) she was going to receive the new books.
d) Mr. Redstone affirmed that they hadn't thought someone e) she must have sent the new books.
who had effectuated creative suicide and cost the company
revenue should be on the lot.
e) Mr. Redstone believed that they didn't think someone “People die of fright and live of confidence.”
who effectuated creative suicide and cost the company Henry Thoreau
revenue should be on the lot.
85
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
005 | UFMG 1995
Conditionals
Love Among the Laundry
001 | UNESP 1991
Assinale a alternativa que preenche corretamente a lacuna When Sally found a man's striped sock curled among her
da frase a seguir: clothes at the launderette she returned it to the tall dark
young man with a shy smile. They met there every week for
If he put it this way, everybody __________ with him. several months, then were seen no more. One of their
wedding presents had been a washing machine.
a) would agree
b) should have agreed (Molly Burnett)
c) will agree
d) would has agreed – If they had not got married, they would probably have:
e) agreeded
a) changed their dirty clothes.
002 | ITA 1996 – ADAPTED b) lost their socks forever.
__________ just call our 24-Hour Card Replacement, and c) rented a washing machine.
we'll have a new one in your hands usually by the end of the d) returned to the launderette.
next business day. e) sold their striped socks.
– No texto acima omitiu-se uma oração. Preencha-a com a 006 | MACKENZIE 1996
opção que representa a melhor redação: Indicate the alternative that best completes the following
sentence:
a) If you need a lost or stolen card replaced
b) If you need replace a lost or stolen card If you had taken my advice, you __________.
c) If a lost or stolen card needs to replace
d) If it is needed to replace a lost or stolen card a) would learned the lesson
e) If a lost or stolen card needs to be replaced by us b) would have learnt the lesson
c) should learned the lesson
003 | PUCCAMP 1994 d) would learn the lesson
Assinale a letra correspondente à alternativa que preenche e) should understand the lesson
corretamente as lacunas da frase apresentada:
007 | CESGRANRIO 1991
- "Frederick, what's the matter with you? This is the third Mark the item that shows the correct ending to the
assignment you haven't turned in!" following sentence:
- "I know, Mr. Dwarf. I would have turned them in
__________ but I've been extremely busy." If the process happens each time we eat sugar, we:
- "But that's no excuse. You must understand that I'll have to
fail you if you don't complete your requirements." a) will have dental problems.
- "Yes, I know. I'll try to catch up." b) would have dental problems.
c) would have had dental problems.
a) when I have time d) could have dental problems.
b) if I had time e) may have had dental problems.
c) if I had had time
d) if I will have time 008 | ITA 1997
e) when I would have time Lady Astor MP: "If you (I) my husband I (II) poison your
coffee".
004 | UEL 1995 Churchill: "If you (III) my wife I (IV) drink it."
If you don't go, __________ very angry.
– Os termos que melhor preenchem as lacunas I, II, III e IV
a) I feel são:
b) I am
c) I was a) were (I), would (II), were (III), had (IV).
d) I'll be b) was (I), would (II), was (III), would (IV).
e) I have been c) were (I), had (II), were (III), had (IV).
d) was (I), could (II), was (III), would (IV).
e) were (I), would (II), were (III), would (IV).
86
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
009 | ITA 1998 013 | UFC 2001
Leia a seguir o comentário publicado pela revista
NEWSWEEK: Amelia's Letter
"He had lots of German in him. Some Irish. But no Jew. I Dear Members of the UNICEF,
think that if he __________ a little Jew he __________ it I am an eleven-year-old girl and come from a
out". small village. I left home to come to the city and to work to
send money to my family. Now I make T-shirts in a factory. I
Singer Courtney Love, work twelve hours a day for very little money. The factory is
on the suicide of her rock-star husband, Kurt Cobain. very dirty and hot. The boss is very mean and often beats us.
He makes us work very hard without breaks. My friends and
– As lacunas (I) e (II) do comentário anterior devem ser I want to leave but we know that working in the factory is
preenchidas, respectivamente, por: better than begging in the streets. The boss tells us this
every single day...
a) I. had had, II. would have stuck Could you please tell us what to do?
b) I. has had, II. would stick
c) I. have had, II. had had stuck Adapted from: "Voices of Youth":
d) I. had had, II. had stuck http://www.unicef.org/
e) I. had, II. would stuck
– Choose the option that correctly completes the sentence:
010 | UFRS 1996
The alternative that does not finish the sentence "If it rains If Amelia __________, she __________.
we..." correctly is:
a) had left her family behind – could have gotten a job
a) couldn't go out. b) hadn't come from a small village – wouldn't be eleven
b) won't go out. years old
c) mustn't go out. c) worked less than 12 hours a day – wouldn't be beaten by
d) shouldn't go out. her boss
e) can't go out. d) hadn't gotten a job in a factory – might have worked with
her mean boss
011 | UFRS 1997 – ADAPTED e) weren't afraid of ending up begging in the streets – would
A frase sublinhada em "if you are otherwise healthy, just call have already left the factory
your doctor" seria melhor traduzida como:
014 | PUCRS 2002
a) se você não é saudável de outras maneiras. The sentence "Had he made Patch Adams, Salles would have
b) se você tiver pouca saúde. focused on the medical profession" could be rewritten,
c) se você for saudável e esperto. without change in meaning, as:
d) se você não tem outras doenças.
e) se você tem um plano de saúde. a) If Salles focused on the medical profession, he would have
made "Patch Adams".
012 | UNESP 2001 b) Salles would focus on the medical profession if he would
Candidates who get a poor result always regret: have made "Patch Adams".
c) If Salles had focused on the medical profession, he would
If I had studied more before sitting for the test, I have made "Patch Adams".
__________ it. d) If Salles made "Patch Adams", he would focus on the
medical profession.
a) would pass e) Salles would have focused on the medical profession if
b) passed he'd made "Patch Adams".
c) have passed
d) would have passed 015 | MACKENZIE 2002
e) had passed If she had gone to the movies, __________.
87
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
016 | MACKENZIE 2002 020 | ITA 2004 – ADAPTED
If I __________ my raincoat, I __________ a cold. Had they been born just a few years earlier, they would have
been part of that powerful and long-lasting generation that
a) had worn – wouldn't have gotten entered the military during World War II and filled the
b) wear – would have get universities immediately after the war.
c) didn't wear – wouldn't have get
d) am wearing – would have gotten – Assinale a opção que contém uma expressão equivalente
e) hadn't wear – couldn't have get a: "Had they been born", em "Had they been born just a few
years earlier..." e que, portanto, poderia vir a substituí-la no
017 | FUVEST 2003 – ADAPTED texto:
Diana had been hoping to get away by five, so she could be
at the farm in time for dinner. She tried not to show her true a) They had been born...
feelings when at 4.37 her deputy, Phil Haskins, presented b) When they had been born...
her with a complex twelve-page document that required the c) As they had been born...
signature of a director before it could be sent out the client. d) Whether they had been born...
Haskins didn't hesitate to remind her that they had lost two e) If they had been born...
similar contracts that week.
021 | PUCPR 2005 – ADAPTED
– Choose the item which best completes the sentence, Although it is very big (a female adult measures 9 cm) and
according to the passage: poisonous, the Italian tarantula does not represent a serious
problem for people.
Diana wouldn't be at the farm in time for dinner unless she
__________ by five. – According to the text, one alternative is correct:
a) would get away If the Italian tarantula had been so poisonous, a lot of
b) gets away people:
c) got away
d) had got away a) will be killed.
e) can get away b) would have to kill.
c) would have killed.
018 | ITA 1997 d) would be killed.
New technologies allow total strangers to know almost e) would have been killed.
everything about a person. Author Peter F. Eder writes
about the ongoing invasion of personal privacy which will 022 | MACKENZIE 2005
get much worse unless better safeguards are quickly If you __________(I) a friend or relative for his or her
established. favorite awards-show moment, you __________(II) about
the kiss between Madonna and Britney Spears at the 2003
– De que forma o trecho "unless better safeguards are
MTV Video Music Awards.
quickly established" poderia ser reescrito, sem alteração do
significado do texto?
– Mark the correct alternative to fill in blanks I and II:
a) ... if better safeguards are established quickly.
b) ... if better safeguards quickly established. a) were asked about – can tell
c) ... if better safeguards are not quickly established. b) asked – have been told
d) ... when better safeguards are quickly established. c) could have asked – should tell
e) ... when better safeguards are not established. d) were to ask – might be told
e) must ask – have to be told
019 | UNESP 2002
If senior citizens __________ more pessimistic toward 026 | UNESP 2006
technology, Web developers and marketers __________ to If some anti-terrorist commentators __________ the causes
emphasize two things: ease of use and value. of terrorism, they __________ justifications for it.
88
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
024 | MACKENZIE 2005 028 | MACKENZIE 2006
The sentence "If Orwell's book were to be rewritten, you
would have a nightmare vision of the world" in the THIRD
CONDITIONAL will be:
025 | UFC 2006 – ADAPTED – The sentence that contains "if-clauses" correctly used is:
What's the relation between the two clauses in the
underlined sentence below? a) If you don't vote, you wouldn't have a say in the future of
your country.
If this dental dream becomes a reality, stem cells will be b) Would you get married if you had been in love?
taken from the patient, cultured in a lab and then c) George might have become an architect if he went to
reimplanted under the gum in the patient's jaw where the school.
tooth is missing. d) If she was traveling far, she always flies.
e) Had I had money, I would have moved.
a) Consequence.
b) Conclusion.
029 | PUCRIO 2007
c) Result.
"Had the buildings been full, about 14,000 people would
d) Contrast.
probably have died" means the same as:
e) Condition.
a) The buildings had been full of 14,000 dead people.
023 | MACKENZIE 2005
b) Fourteen thousand people died because the buildings
The sentence "If you run into someone on the street in
were full.
Taiwan, he's likely to greet you by asking 'Have you eaten?'"
c) Though the buildings were full, about 14,000 people didn't
in the THIRD CONDITIONAL will be:
die.
d) Had the buildings been filled with 14,000 people, no one
a) If you had run into someone on the street in Taiwan, he
would have died.
might have probably greeted you by asking 'Have you
e) About fourteen thousand people could have been killed if
eaten?'
the buildings had been full.
b) If you ran into someone on the street in Taiwan, he would
have been likely to greet you by asking 'Have you eaten?'
030 | UNESP 2007
c) If you ran into someone on the street in Taiwan, he would
Indique a alternativa que preenche corretamente a
likely greet you by asking 'Have you eaten?'
sentença:
d) If you had run into someone on the street in Taiwan, he
would have been likely to greet you by asking 'Had you been
If the snow cover __________ longer, it __________ the
eaten?'
plants and __________ the water cycle.
e) If you could run into someone on the street in Taiwan, he
would have likely to greet you by asking 'Have you eaten?'
a) lasted – would damage – will disturb
b) would last – would damage – disturb
027 | PUCPR 2007
c) lasts – will damage – disturb
If he loses election, he __________ from public life.
d) will last – damages – disturbs
a) retired e) lasts – will damage – disturbed
b) retire
c) going to retire
d) will retire
e) has retired
89
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
031 | UECE 2007 036 | ITA 1996
I'd have gone to that party if they __________ me. If the U. S. Justice Department had not derailed Gate's bid to
acquire Intuit, the deal __________ realize Microsoft's
a) have invited ambition to make money from almost every commercial
b) had invited transaction in cyberspace.
c) will invite
d) are inviting a) is going to help
b) would have helped
032 | UECE 2007 c) would help
They felt as if they _____________ on thin ice. d) helps
e) is likely to help
a) are walking
b) have walked 037 | EFOMM 2005
c) were walking If my boss had not phoned the police on the spot, the thief
d) will walk __________.
035 | PUCPR 2001 a) If you come back to me, you will know what happiness can
Select the best alternative to complete the sentences below: be.
b) If coming back makes you happy, it could bring happiness
I. If they __________ money, they will build a big house. to me.
II. If you __________ out more, you would meet a few c) If you come back to me, you would know what happiness
people. could be.
III. If he __________ his restaurant, he would have got more d) Come back to me or else you won’t know what could be
customers. happiness.
IV. If she __________ so fast, she wouldn't have crashed her
car. 040 | JFS 2000
V. If we __________ a car, we wouldn't have to spend all our Complete meaningfully the following sentence:
time waiting for buses.
Had they studied hard, they __________.
a) have; went; had cleaned; hadn't been driving; had
b) have; go; cleaned; wasn't driving; have a) would pass
c) had; went; was cleaned; hadn't driven; has b) wouldn’t have passed
d) have had; have gone; had cleaned; hadn't been driven; c) would have passed
have had d) would have pass
e) have; have gone; has cleaned; hadn't driven; have e) would haven’t passed
90
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
041 | JFS 2011 046 | EFOMM 2013
__________ they __________ harder, they __________. Were he not busy, he __________ your cousin.
a) unlikely / unlikely
b) impossible / unlikely
c) likely / unlikely
d) impossible / likely
e) likely / impossible
a) Would
b) Did
c) Could
d) Had
e) Have
91
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
006 | FEI 1997
Question Tags He'll be back soon, __________?
001 | UNITAU 1995 a) will he
Assinale a alternativa que corresponde à sequência de b) doesn't he
Question Tags adequados para completar as frases a seguir: c) shall he
d) won't he
1. He isn't at home, __________?
e) couldn't he
2. That will happen, __________?
3. She hasn't a cue, __________? 007 | FUVEST 1998
4. It rains a lot, __________? Escolha a question tag correta para "I knew I would be a
scientist":
a) isn't he; won't it; has he; doesn't it
b) is it; will it; does she; has it a) didn't I?
c) isn't he; will it; has she; hasn't it b) wasn't I?
d) is he; won't it; has she; doesn't it c) won't I?
e) isn't he; won't he; has she; does it d) don't I?
e) would I?
002 | FUVEST 1978
Assinale a alternativa que preenche corretamente a lacuna: 008 | UDESC 1997
Complete with the CORRECT alternative:
He doesn't study here, __________ he?
The sun shone the whole day, __________ it?
a) doesn't
b) do a) is
c) did b) did
d) does c) doesn't
e) don't d) didn't
e) isn't
003 | UNESP 1987
Assinale a alternativa correta: 009 | FMTM 1998
You can sing well, __________?
Your name is Mary, __________?
a) didn’t you
a) isn't you b) can’t you
b) isn't it c) don’t you
c) aren't it d) doesn’t you
d) aren't you e) couldn’t you
e) isn't he
010 | JFS 1999
004 | UNESP 1988 Roy read the newspaper this morning before his father,
Politics is a science, __________? __________?
92
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
012 | JFS 2002 018 | AFA 1997
Complete corretamente: We can’t do without him, __________?
017 | EN 1989
The cheque of the customer had not been returned: “It's better to be a pirate than to join the Navy.”
Steve Jobs
a) hadn't it?
b) does it?
c) hasn't it?
d) did it?
e) had it?
93
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
005 | EFOMM 2006
Rejoinders Philip: "- She's got a place at college!"
Kate: "- __________!"
001 | FUVEST 1978
Selecione a alternativa que preenche corretamente a lacuna: a) So have I
b) So I have
My mother doesn't drink tea and __________ do I. c) And I
d) I am too
a) or e) So am I
b) also
c) too 006 | JFS 2008
d) either Mr. Anderson can’t speak Chinese.
e) neither
a) Neither I can.
002 | MACKENZIE 1997 b) Neither can I.
Indicate the alternative that best completes the following c) So can I.
sentence: d) So I can.
Anne disliked our new roommate, and __________.
“Be more prompt to go to a friend in adversity
a) I didn't too than in prosperity.”
b) I didn't either
Chilo
c) neither did I
d) never did he
e) so did I
94
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
005 | PUCPR 1996
Articles Fill in the blanks of the following sentence with the definite
article:
001 | UNITAU 1995
Assinale a alternativa que corresponde à sequência que __________ Brazil is __________ most industrial country in
completa as lacunas a seguir: __________ South America, while __________ United States
holds __________ same position in North America.
__________ Indian the ecologist saw, started __________
horrible fire because of __________ ordinary yellow bird a) the; the; the; the; the; the
__________ flew over his head. b) *; the; the; *; the; *
c) *; the; *; the; the; *
a) a; the; a; who d) *; the; the; the; the; *
b) an; the; a; whose e) the; *; *; *; the; the
c) the; a; an; which
d) the; an; a; whom 006 | PUCCAMP 1992
e) a; an; a; which Fred: I've been thinking of buying __________.
Sam: Really? Which make are you considering?
002 | FUVEST 1977 – ADAPTED Fred: That doesn't matter as long as __________ is
In __________ beginning, __________ religion played economical.
__________ important part in __________ history of
__________ Brazil. a) a car – some car
b) a car – the car
a) a / the / a / the / * c) some car – car
b) * / the / an / the / *
d) the car – a car
c) the / the / a / the / * e) car – a car
d) the / * / an / the / *
e) the / the / an / the / * 007 | UFPB 1998
Read this sentence:
003 | FUVEST 1978 – ADAPTED
__________ money is very important, but you can't buy
__________ good idea is __________ good idea, whether
__________ bit of luck with all __________ money you it's done in __________ one, __________ three or 33
have. countries.
a) The / a / the – It is completed by the following sequence:
b) * / a / the
c) A / a / the a) A / no article / the / the
d) Some / a / the b) no article / no article / a / a
e) The / a / *
c) The / the / no article / no article
d) A / a / no article / no article
004 | UNESP 1991 e) The / no article / a / no article
Assinale a alternativa que preenche corretamente as lacunas
da frase a seguir: 008 | FATEC 1998
Indique a alternativa em que a tradução de a ou an difere do
It was __________ honor for us to see __________ Queen of seu significado habitual de artigo indefinido (um, uma) em
__________ England. língua portuguesa:
a) a – the – the a) However, the abduction of Gutiérrez would be a new
b) * – a – * twist.
c) an – a – the b) After his family paid an undisclosed ransom.
d) the – * – an c) An American businessman help for eight days was
e) an – the – *
released just last week.
d) Kidnapping has become rampant in Mexico with hundreds
of cases a year.
e) Editorials are already referring to him as a "political
kidnapee".
95
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
009 | PUCPR 2001 013 | EEAR 2007
In which of the sentences we MUSTN'T use the article THE to Choose the alternative in which the definite article is used
complete the blanks? correctly:
a) __________ Statue of Liberty is visited by thousands of a) The Brazilians are very friendly.
tourists every year. b) The old man is arriving right now.
b) Lots of people enjoy __________ amount of time they c) The spring is the season of flowers.
spend outdoors. d) The New York is a very beautiful city.
c) Richard Claydermann will play __________ piano for
hundred people in the theatre tomorrow. 014 | JFS 2008
d) Economically, __________ London is considered one of Mark the correct option:
the most important cities in Europe.
e) Who is __________ next to be interviewed? __________ Mr. Smith called you when you were out.
96
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
018 | JFS 2000 022 | JFS 2009
Complete corretamente as sentenças abaixo: Read the following text and fill in the gaps with the correct
sequence of articles:
- __________ life you want is really fascinating.
- I felt __________ love in her touch. The Strokes are __________ American rock band formed in
- Carlson, __________ teacher, has become __________ rich 1998 that rose to fame in __________ early 2000s as
man. __________ leading group in __________ garage rock
- Everybody intends to enter in __________ university. revival. Upon __________ release of their acclaimed debut
- Johnson bought __________ ewe. album Is This It in 2001, many critics hyped __________
group as the "saviors of rock" for __________ their stripped
a) The – the – a/ a – an – a down sound, heavily influenced by bands such as The Velvet
b) The – * – the/ a – a – a Underground. Since then, __________ band has maintained
c) The – the – the/ a – a – an __________ large fan base and has enjoyed much
d) * – * – the/ a – an – a __________ success, particularly in __________ United
e) The – * – the/ a – an – an Kingdom.
97
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
006 | FEI 2000
Plural of the Nouns ALL HE NEEDED. Escolha a sentença correta, colocada no
plural, tempo futuro simples:
001 | FUVEST 1979
Assinale a alternativa que preenche corretamente as a) All they will need.
lacunas: b) They all will need.
c) They would need all.
Boys have big __________ and girls have small __________.
d) All they would need.
e) All they didn't need.
a) foots – ones
b) feet – ones 007 | PUCPR 1996
c) feet – one Match the columns below so that the words in the second
d) feets – ones column fit the sentences provided in the first one:
e) foot – one
1.Tom and Mary love their __________.
002 | CESGRANRIO 1990 2. Put the oranges inside those __________.
KNIVES is the plural of KNIFE. Which of the words below 3. I can't walk. My __________ are aching a lot.
does not form its plural in the same way? 4. The __________ are flying south.
5. The cat is hunting the __________.
a) Wife. 6. When Jane fell over, she broke two of her __________.
b) Life.
c) Leaf.
( ) feet
d) Chief. ( ) teeth
e) Half.
( ) children
( ) geese
003 | CESGRANRIO 1991 ( ) mice
The word that DOESN'T have an irregular plural form like ( ) boxes
tooth – teeth is:
– Choose the correct alternative:
a) ox.
b) foot. a) 6 – 3 – 1 – 4 – 5 – 2
c) cloth. b) 3 – 6 – 1 – 4 – 5 – 2
d) goose. c) 3 – 6 – 2 – 4 – 5 – 1
e) mouse. d) 5 – 3 – 4 – 2 – 6 – 1
e) 3 – 6 – 4 – 1 – 2 – 5
004 | FATEC 1998
Observe a frase: "Did hundreds of Japanese KIDS suffer a TV- 008 | PUCRS 2007
induced epileptic attack last week". Indique a alternativa em
Nouns in English can be divided into countable or
que todas as palavras têm a mesma forma de plural de KIDS: uncountable (e.g.: apple X water). In order to indicate some
kind of "measurement" in the case of uncountable nouns,
a) attack – mouse another noun is required (e.g.: "glasses" or "liters" of water).
b) episode – Japanese Accordingly, the expression below that is equivalent to the
c) cartoon – trigger structure "blades of grass" is:
d) show – child
e) explosion – Japanese a) structures of steel.
b) classes of Chinese.
005 | PUCRIO 1999 c) cups of coffee.
Check the only word that could be used in the plural form: d) floors of wood.
e) letters of complaint.
a) Information.
b) Land.
c) Research.
d) Energy.
e) Employment.
98
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
009 | MACKENZIE 2003 012 | ITA 1988
Dadas as afirmações de que o plural de:
1. BASIS é BASIS
2. DATUM é DATAS
3. BUSINESS é BUSINESSES
a) Apenas a afirmação no 1.
b) Apenas a afirmação no 2.
o
c) Apenas a afirmação n 3.
d) Apenas as afirmações nos 1 e 3.
e) Todas as afirmações.
99
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
016 | JFS 2000 019 | ITA 1990
Complete as sentenças a seguir utilizando as formas corretas Dadas as afirmações de que o plural de:
de cada vocábulo apresentado:
1. Chief é Chieves
– He bought a __________ car. 2. Radius é Radii
– She is a __________ rock star. 3. Leaf é Leaves
– I have good __________ to give you.
– The police __________ in front of the building. – Constatamos que está (estão) correta(s):
100
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
005 | UDESC 1997
Genitive Case __________ father is in Europe.
001 | UNESP 1994 a) The Mary's and George's
Assinale a alternativa que preenche corretamente a lacuna: b) Mary's and George
c) Mary and George's
The __________ uncle was dead. d) Mary's and Georges's
e) The Mary and George's
a) writer
b) writers 006 | UNESP 1999
c) writer of __________ farm is that large one? It is __________.
d) writer's
e) writers of the a) Which – Peter's
b) Whose – Peter's
002 | UNITAU 1995 c) Whose – of Peter
Assinale a alternativa que corresponde à tradução mais d) Which – for Peter
adequada da frase a seguir: e) What – Peter's
My mother's maid has just bought the dog's meat. 007 | UFRS 2001
O possessivo, usado como em "Woody Allen's Sweet and
a) Minha mãe e a empregada acabam de comprar a carne do Lowdown", está correto em todas as alternativas abaixo,
cachorro.
EXCETO em:
b) A empregada de minha mãe acaba de comprar a carne do
cachorro.
a) There was a two hours' delay at the airport in London.
c) Minha mãe acabou de fazer a carne do cachorro. b) Anthony Burgess's A Clockwork Orange is a milestone in
d) Minha mãe fará compras com a empregada e o cachorro. modern literature.
e) Minha mãe é empregada e comprou carne de cachorro. c) In our last holidays we had to cope with our young
relatives' weird ideas.
003 | FUVEST 1979 – ADAPTED d) Elizabeth I's interest on sea voyages brought development
Reescreva empregando o caso genitivo:
to England.
e) Maggie and Millie's eyebrows are so thin you can hardly
John and Mary are cousins. Have you met the parents of see them.
John and of Mary?
008 | FATEC 2003
a) John and Mary are cousins. Have you met John and Mary's Assinale a alternativa que apresenta o uso correto do caso
parents. possessivo, como no substantivo "media" em "the media's
b) John and Mary are cousins. Have you met John's and collective attention":
Mary's parents.
c) John and Mary are cousins. Have you met John's and Mary a) mens' garment.
parents. b) womens' wear.
d) John and Mary are cousins. Have you met John's and c) mental's disturbance.
Mary's parents’. d) children's clothes.
e) John and Mary are cousins. Have you met John's and e) disappointment's feeling.
Mary's parent’s.
009 | UNESP 2005
004 | UFRS 1996 Indique a alternativa que expressa o mesmo significado da
The phrases "Americans' encounter" the nation's energies" expressão em destaque na sentença:
and "America's physical geography" are examples of:
It is important to remember that THE BEHAVIOR OF
a) passive voice. DEPRESSED CHILDREN may change.
b) the infinitive.
c) the gerund,
a) the depressed children's behavior
d) the genitive.
b) the behavior's depressed children
e) indirect speech. c) the behavior of the depressed children's
d) the children's depressed behavior
e) the depressed behavior's children
101
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
010 | UFRS 2007 015 | AFA 1999
While the danger does not seem to dampen anyone's The honor to a woman is to:
partying spirit, violence is much feared and the threat is
much discussed among the locals. a) refer to the daughter of her mother’s.
b) have the same of her daughter’s name.
– The use of 'S is the same in ANYONE'S PARTYING SPIRIT c) be referred to as her daughter’s mother.
and in: d) be called by the name of her daughter’s.
102
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
005 | AFA 2001
Numbers What’s the right answer for the numerical expressions
below?
001 | FEI 2000
Indique o ordinal referente a "four":
1 3 16
; 2 ;
a) forty 5 5 15
b) fourteen
c) fourteenth a) One fives / two thirty-five / sixteen fifteen
d) fourth b) One five / two and third fifth / sixteen fifteens
e) fortieth c) One fifth / two and three fifths / sixteen fifteenths
d) First fifths / second thirty-five / sixteenth fifteenths
002 | FUVEST 1979 – ADAPTED
Reescreva a frase colocando por extenso os numerais, na 006 | JFS 2008
sua forma ordinal: Some stats about the Olympic Games in Beijing:
Her __________ (21) birthday will be on the __________ * 28 Olympic programs, 302 sub-categories
(11). * 302 gold medals
* 10,500 athletes are expected to participate
a) Her twenty-first birthday will be on the eleventieth. * 21,880 torchbearers will run 137,000 km over 130 days
b) Her twenty-one birthday will be on the eleven. * The National Stadium (Bird’s Nest) covers an area of
c) Her twenty-first birthday will be on the eleven. 258,000 sq. meters
d) Her twenty-one birthday will be on the eleventh. * The Bird’s Nest has 91,000 seats
e) Her twenty-first birthday will be on the eleventh. * The surface of the National Aquatics Center is covered by
1,437 pieces of transparant material
003 | JFS 2000 * The highest price for the opening ceremony tickets is 5000
Marque a alternativa que possui os resultados corretos das Renminbi, the lowest is 200 Renminbi
operações abaixo: * Beijing expects 550,000 international visitors and 2.4
million domestic spectators
2×9=? * Over 800 star-class hotels and 4,000 hostels will provide
14 – 11 = ? about 420,000 overprized rooms
? + 4 = 16
– Give the marked numbers in full:
a) eighteenth – three – twelve
b) eighty – thirty – two a) three hundreds and two; ten thousands and five
c) eighteen – third – twelve hundreds; one hundred and thirty-seven thousands; two
d) eight – thirteen – twenty hundreds and fifty-eight thousands; one thousand and four
e) eighteen – three – twelve hundreds and thirty-seven; two millions and four hundreds
thousands; four hundreds and twenty thousands
004 | JFS 2000 b) three hundred and two; ten thousand and five hundred;
Solve the problems below: one hundred and thirty-seven thousand; two hundred and
fifty-eight thousand; one thousand and four hundred and
1. Two into ten goes __________ times. thirty-seven; two million and four hundred thousand; four
2. A quarter plus three-quarters makes __________. hundred and twenty thousand
3. Twenty-eight from fifty leaves __________. c) three hundred and two; ten thousand and five hundred;
one hundred and thirty-seven thousand; two hundred and
a) five – one – twenty-one fifty-eight thousand; one thousand and four hundred and
b) four – four – twenty-one thirty-seventh; two million and four hundred; four hundred
c) five – four – twenty-two and twenty thousand
d) five – one – twenty-two d) three hundred and two; ten thousand and five hundred;
e) four – four – twenty-two one hundred and thirty-seven thousand; two hundred and
fifty-eight thousand; one thousand and four hundred and
thirty-seven; two million and four thousand; fourth hundred
and twenty thousand
103
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
007 | JFS 2008
Read the following sentence and fill in the blanks
Prepositions
meaningfully:
001 | PUCRIO 2004
More than twenty __________ people were inside the Mark the only sentence that CANNOT be correctly
stadium, but __________ more were outside because they completed with the preposition FROM:
didn’t get to buy the tickets in time.
a) Commercial sales of drugs derived __________ this one
a) thousand – hundreds plant are about US$160 million a year.
b) thousands – hundreds b) Madagascar's rosy periwinkle, a plant __________ Africa,
c) thousand – thousand provides two important anti-tumor agents.
d) hundred – thousand c) Quinine, an aid in the cure of malaria, is an alkaloid
e) hundreds – hundreds extracted __________ the bark of the cinchona tree found in
Latin America and Africa.
008 | ITA 1990 d) __________ 1960, only 19 percent of Hodgkin's disease
A alternativa que corretamente preenche as lacunas I, II e III sufferers had a chance for survival.
de: e) Until recently, wild yams __________ Mexico and
Guatemala provided the world with its entire supply of
1. Five from six leaves I. diosgenin, an active ingredient in birth control pills.
2. Two into eight goes II times.
3. The third power of two is III. 002 | UFRS 2006
In the phrase "Exports to China are expected to quadruple
– é: by 2010", BY is being used with the same meaning as in:
a) to – for – of
b) on – to – for
c) of – to – on
d) for – on – of
e) of – for – for
a) up
b) to
c) in
d) into
e) for
104
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
005 | ITA 1995 – ADAPTED 010 | FUVEST 1977 – ADAPTED
It's clear that Gossard and the rest of Pearl Jam no longer Complete com as palavras necessárias:
want to "rely" __________ anger and craziness to drive the
band. I was born __________ 2 o'clock __________ the morning,
__________ a Sunday __________ April __________ the
– A preposição que deve acompanhar o verbo "rely", year 1958, __________ a farm __________ a small village
relacionado no texto, é: called Sta. Cruz, __________ the state of Goiás, Brazil.
a) at a) on / in / on / in / in / in / in / in
b) on b) on / in / on / in / of / in / in / in
c) in c) at / in / on / in / of / on / in / on
d) for d) at / in / in / in / of / in / in / in
e) with e) at / in / on / in / of / in / in / in
– A preposição que preenche a lacuna corretamente é: – Mark the item which contains the prepositions that
complete the passage above:
a) by.
b) for. a) with, of, about, in
b) with, on, from, in
c) over.
d) through. c) with, in, of, in
e) with. d) without, at, by, on
e) without, from, after, on
007 | UNESP 1993
He walked __________ the room. 012 | FAAP 1996
An executive presiding over a lunchtime meeting
a) at __________ a busy San Francisco restaurant was having no
b) on luck getting the waiter's attention. So, using his cellular
c) between phone, he called the restaurant and asked __________ have
d) into some menus sent over __________ his table. It worked.
e) among
Adapted from Reader's Digest – Sep./95
008 | UNESP 1995 – Quais preposições completam corretamente o texto
I read a chapter __________ politics. anterior?
a) on a) in, about, to
b) at b) at, to, in
c) above c) in, for, on
d) before d) for, for, to
e) after e) in, to, to
105
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
014 | MACKENZIE 1996 018 | CESGRANRIO 1990
Complete with the appropriate prepositions: The sentence in which FOR is used in the same way as in
"These knives are now used for some general surgery" is:
I. How kind __________ you to invite us __________ your
party! a) The laser has been used for years.
II. I'm sorry __________ him but even so I'm not sorry b) The technician is leaving for Tokyo.
__________ what I did. c) This telephone records word for word.
III. Is the director confident __________ his abilities? d) The laser has become popular for its wide applicability.
e) Doctors use laser for several types of operations.
a) I. for/for; II. about/for; III. about
b) I. of/to; II. for/about; III. of 019 | CESGRANRIO 1990
c) I. in/for; II. for/about; III. of In "The sweet-and-lovely look is OUT; the aggressive punk
d) I. on/to; II. for/in; III. in pose is IN", the capital words stand for:
e) I. for/on; II. of/for; III. with
a) out of work / in vogue
015 | MACKENZIE 1996 b) out of sight / in mind
Complete with the appropriate prepositions: c) out of order / in memory
d) out of date / in fashion
I. My wife was very glad __________ taking a trip abroad. e) out of mind / in sight
II. Are you hopeful __________ receiving a nice gift?
III. Whatever is good __________ you will be acceptable 020 | FEI 1996 – ADAPTED
__________ me. One of the most famous monuments in the world, the
IV. Criminals belong __________ jail. Statue of Liberty, was presented to the United States of
America in the nineteenth century by the people of France.
a) I. in; II. about; III. for/for; IV. to
b) I. on; II. of; III. about/for; IV. to – Preencha a lacuna de acordo com o texto:
c) I. with; II. for; III. for/to; IV. on
d) I. about; II. of; III. for/to; IV. in Who was the statue presented __________?
e) I. of; II. in; III. to/to; IV. at
a) from
b) for
016 | UDESC 1996
c) by
Choose the CORRECT alternative to complete the sentence:
d) at
e) in
That girl __________ the corner told everybody she is going
__________ leave __________ New York __________ seven
021 | UEL 1997 – ADAPTED
tomorrow night, __________ a huge airplane.
Olajuwon should have no trouble promoting his product. "All
I drink is water", says he. OVER a gallon a day.
a) by – for – on – in – at
b) under – below – by – at – for – A palavra OVER, no texto, significa:
c) through – into – onto – on – on
d) on – to – for – at – by a) sobre.
e) on – to – for – in – by b) em cima de.
c) super.
017 | MACKENZIE 1996 d) mais do que.
Indicate the alternative that best completes the following e) abaixo de.
sentence:
022 | MACKENZIE 1997
__________ you know, Jack is a soldier, but he walks __________ the end, he gave __________ discussing
__________ a general. __________ his father and said he would go __________
medicine.
a) How; how
b) As; like a) In – up – with – in for
c) As; as b) At – up – with – in
d) Like; as c) In – out – about –into
e) How; like d) At – in – with – out in
e) In – at – on – up at
106
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
023 | UNESP 1986 028 | UNIRIO 1997
Assinale a alternativa correta: The word LIKE in "Premier researchers use the Net to test
projects like real-time, 3D models of colliding galaxies or
Fried potatoes are called "French Fries" __________ the rampaging tornadoes" introduces elements of:
United States.
a) exemplification.
a) on b) generalization.
b) about c) reformulation.
c) of d) comparison.
d) from e) addition.
e) in
029 | ITA 1997 – ADAPTED
024 | UNESP 1987 Specialty Minerals do Brasil, an international, research-
Assinale a alternativa correta: based company, (I) several openings for Operator
Technicians at its plant in Jacareí. The successful candidate
Very little is known __________ nuclear energy. will be responsible (II) operating a computer-controlled
process, performing quality control lab tests, unloading of
a) of bulk product, loading tanker trucks with finished product,
b) over and other duties as assigned. Availability (III) travel abroad is
c) in required.
d) into
e) about – As lacunas I, II a III devem ser preenchidas
respectivamente por:
025 | UNESP 1988
Assinale a alternativa correta: a) I. has, II. for, III. for
b) I. have, II. by, III. of
Aspirin is the best drug to fight __________ headache. c) I. have, II. for, III. of
d) I. has, II. for, III. to
a) on e) I. has, II. by, III. to
b) against
c) with 030 | ITA 1997
d) to
e) for Mensagem Capadócia
026 | UNESP 1989 Um adesivo "made in Paraguai" anda circulando nos vidros
Assinale a alternativa correta: dos carros paulistanos: "Good girls go to heaven, bad girls go
to everywhere". É de doer, posto que o correto seria:
That experiment was performed __________ important "__________".
scientists.
Bárbara Gancia, Folha do São Paulo de 7/06/96.
a) by
b) to – A perspicácia da colunista se faz notar de diversas formas
c) from no texto anterior. Uma delas é através da correção de uma
d) against impropriedade normativa. Qual seria a frase final do texto,
e) for aqui omitida propositalmente?
107
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
031 | ITA 1997 – ADAPTED 034 | UFRS 1997
Probably the only thing that Brazil's two pay TV Fill in the blank below with the best alternative:
heavyweights, Globo and TVA, agree __________ is that the
country's multichannel business is on the verge of a boom. Political corruption and civil unrest are __________ Mexico's
modern problems.
– Qual a preposição que melhor preenche a lacuna?
a) because
a) for b) between
b) on c) throughout
c) at d) among
d) by e) although
e) in
035 | FEI 1997
032 | CESGRANRIO 1998 Complete:
The following sentences must be completed with "between"
or "among": Pablo said that __________ Spain, everybody sleeps
__________ 1 and 4 PM.
I. There were no radicals __________ her close friends.
II. The students talked quietly __________ themselves
before the test started. a) with – among
III. The father and the mother sat in the sofa, with the baby b) among – between
__________ them. c) between – among
IV. The Queen of England is not very popular now d) among – at
__________ the British people. e) in – at
V. There is much difference __________ the American and
the Brazilian education systems. 036 | MACKENZIE 1999
Indicate the alternative that best completes the following
– "Between" must be used in sentences: sentence:
a) III and V only. She's used __________ running __________ the park
b) I, II and III only. __________ 6 p.m.
c) II, III and IV only.
d) II, IV and V only. a) for – at – at
e) I, II, III and V only. b) for – in – at
c) at – in – before
033 | CESGRANRIO 1998 d) into – at – about
Fill in the blanks of the text below with the correct e) to – in – after
prepositions:
037 | UNESP 1999
No higher education reforms are likely to be adopted Jim wanted to buy a ticket __________ the nine o'clock bus.
__________ time to affect the choice that a student or his
family makes about where the student should go to college a) for
today. For a student, not having to worry about cost would b) into
be a wonderful option. But __________ almost every c) out
student to be able to go to school these days, working out d) of
matters of cost is an essential part __________ choosing the e) over
best college.
038 | MACKENZIE 1998
a) on, to and in She sent __________ a beautiful birthday card.
b) on, for and at
c) in, for and of a) for her teacher
d) in, before and in b) to her teacher
e) about, to and of c) into her teacher
d) her teacher
e) up to her teacher
108
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
039 | UFRS 1998 043 | CESGRANRIO 1999
Escolha a melhor alternativa para preencher as lacunas da Advertising is capitalism's soft sell. Girls growing up and
frase a seguir: housewives worried __________ achieving their roles are
the foremost consumers. Advertising sets out to make
__________ 1948 an American woman was employed people identify __________ characters __________
__________ the first time __________ a jet pilot advertisements, to make them jealous __________ the
__________ an American airline. person they would become if they bought the product.
a) In – at – as – for – Check the item that contains the missing prepositions that
b) During – by – like – in complete the text above:
c) From – on – with – by
d) On – for – like – by a) with – to – in – of
e) In – for – as – by b) with – with – of – of
c) with – through – of – at
040 | UEL 1998 d) about – with – in – of
The not-for-credit series of 13 interdisciplinary lectures e) about – with – on – at
focuses on the creation of myths and explores parallels to
Eva Perón and the Virgin Mary, __________ others. 044 | MACKENZIE 1998
__________ Christmas people usually sing __________.
– Assinale a alternativa que preenche corretamente a lacuna
do texto: a) On – pop music
b) On – musics
a) between c) In – lyrics
b) among d) About – lullabies
c) above e) At – carols
d) under
e) across 045 | UECE 1999
"They may find a house to live in for the winter". A partícula
041 | PUCPR 1998 IN, usada na frase, emprega-se de modo INCORRETO, no
Choose the RIGHT alternative to complete the spaces: seguinte exemplo:
I. I stayed in New York __________ two months. a) There are three girls in the group.
II. The film didn't begin __________ nine o'clock. b) They walked home in the rain.
III. I go there __________ an hour. c) In her mind, he is guilty.
IV. They've been mending the road __________ last d) He began his new job in Monday.
Monday.
V. I'll be working in a bank __________ three years. 046 | UNESP 2000
The boys and girls ran __________ the street.
a) by – in – since – for – until
a) above
b) for – until – in – since – for
b) with
c) by – until – in – before – for
c) at
d) since – by – before – until – by
d) down
e) until – since – by – for – since
e) back
042 | MACKENZIE 1998
047 | UFSM 2000 – ADAPTED
Indicate the alternative that best completes the following
A conflict that goes back to the 1300s cannot be solved by
sentence:
bombing the warring parties. The solution can come only
from within the Balkans and its people.
"Apartments __________ rent are difficult __________
nowadays", said the tenant. – A melhor tradução para a expressão from within é:
a) on – for find a) dos.
b) for – for finding b) até o fim dos.
c) to – for finding c) de fora dos.
d) on – to be found d) à moda dos.
e) for – to find e) desde o início dos.
109
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
048 | UNESP 2001 – ADAPTED 052 | UFSM 2001
In cyberspace, we can talk, exchange ideas, and assume A palavra em maiúsculo na expressão "BY 1900 Britain had
personae of our own creation. We have the opportunity to become a major world power" tem o mesmo sentido de:
build new kinds of communities, virtual communities, in
which we participate with people from all over the world, a) beyond.
people with whom we converse daily, people with whom we b) at
may have fairly intimate relationships but whom we may c) among.
never physically meet. d) through.
e) around.
– After I read the text above, I could realize that my friend
Christine has a terrible problem: She lives __________ 1204 053 | PUCMG 1999 – ADAPTED
Reality Boulevard but her husband lives __________ Rudolph, skilled at surviving in the wilderness, vanished in
cyberspace! the mountainous woods of North Carolina.
110
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
056 | PUCRIO 2000 060 | PUCPR 2003
Mark the sentence which must be completed with on and in, Fill in the blanks of the following sentences with the
respectively: appropriate option:
a) I was talking __________ the phone when I heard a knock I. They deliver the mail __________ ten o'clock.
__________ the door. II. __________ it was raining, we went for a walk.
b) The boy got a bike __________ his birthday, and is now III. Don't eat so much __________ you go bathing.
keeping it __________ his parents' garage. IV. He ran away __________ he saw the policeman.
c) The Smith family lives __________ the countryside, V. You won't win __________ you try hard.
__________ a very cozy farm house.
d) John was invited to speak __________ the conference a) I. after; II. While; III. unless; IV. before; V. until
__________ behalf of the company's president. b) I. until; II. Before; III. after; IV. while; V. although
e) Several workers decided to go __________ strike c) I. unless; II. When; III. until; IV. after; V. before
__________ the same day their boss announced his d) I. at; II. Although; III. before; IV. when; V. unless
bankruptcy. e) I. before; II. Until; III. although; IV. unless; V. when
Bell used electricity to send the human voice __________ Tolkien wrote much __________ his trilogy __________
one place __________ another. World War II, but denied that his stories were analogous
__________ that great battle.
a) on – in
b) from – to a) of – during – to
c) in – to b) of – at – with
d) at – to c) about – during – into
e) above – below d) for – in – to
e) of – in – into
058 | UFRS 2001
The word into is used correctly in all alternatives below 062 | PUCMG 2005 – ADAPTED
EXCEPT: According to Stuff magazine, the iPod is the "coolest thing to
come out of California since the Beach Boys".
a) He ran into some old friends at the airport.
b) He remained into that room where they had always met. – The word "since" conveys an idea of:
c) She walked into his life as a breath of fresh air.
d) It came into view when the clouds cleared the sky. a) manner.
e) She went into the house carrying a bunch of flowers. b) place.
c) time.
059 | UFRS 2002 d) result.
Complete the following sentence with the correct
alternative: 063 | UFSM 2005
The first games __________ athletes __________ a disability
In New England, we drove __________ hours along country __________ held __________ 1948.
roads and stayed __________ an old sea captain's home
__________ the sea. – Selecione a alternativa que completa corretamente as
lacunas:
a) for – in – off
b) during – into – by a) for – without – was – on
c) up – near – from b) to – with – has – at
d) during – at – out c) from – with – is – on
e) for – in – by d) to – without – are – at
e) for – with – were – in
111
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
064 | UFRS 2005 068 | JFS 2000
Fill in the gaps in the following sentence correctly: The cat jumped __________ the table in order __________
get the food that was __________ it.
Man walked __________ the moon __________ the first
time __________ 1969. a) up – to – on
b) about – for – up
a) on – for – in c) over – for – about
b) across – at – in d) on – to – on
c) across – by – on e) onto – to – on
d) in – on – at
e) on – at – after 069 | ITA 1991
A alternativa abaixo que preenche a lacuna de:
065 | JFS 2012
Fill in the following sentences correctly: Buses here never arrive __________ time.
a) At / in / on
b) With / from / over
c) With / of / without
d) Both / in / without
112
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
073 | FUVEST 1977 078 | EFOMM 2006
Qual a sentença correta? I made seven different plans for my vacation, however
__________ the end I went to the Bahamas again.
a) We were deprived from playing games for a week.
b) We were deprived of playing games for a week. a) to
c) We were deprived of playing games through a week. b) by
d) We were deprived at playing games for a week. c) with
e) We were deprived from playing games by a week. d) in
e) at
074 | EEAR 2007
Choose the best alternative to complete the blanks: 079 | EFOMM 2006
There is nothing illegal about my business dealings.
Julie was born __________ July 3, __________ night Everything is strictly __________ board.
__________ New York.
a) on
a) in / at / at b) above
b) on / at / in c) by the
c) in / at / in d) over
d) on / in / at e) onto
a) of a) in / in / in
b) under b) in / in / into
c) out of c) on / on / onto
d) into d) on / on / onto
e) onto e) on / in / into
113
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
083 | JFS 2008 a) in / under / in / on / on
Ryan drove __________ me without stopping and drove off b) at / under / at / on / off
__________ the downtown. c) in / in / on / in / in
d) at / in / in / at / off
a) from / into e) at / on / at / in / on
b) towards / over
c) along / up 087 | JFS 2011
d) past / towards Fill in the gaps correctly:
e) in / next to
He aimed __________ the bird and shot __________ it!
084 | EFOMM 2010
Choose the option in which the prepositions complete the a) at – in
verb phrases with accuracy, respectively: b) on – at
c) on – on
I. The ship is bound __________ Africa. d) at – on
II. We set sail __________ a tour of the Caribbean. e) at – at
III. The captain was responsible __________ the incident.
IV. Attention has to be given __________ the weather 088 | UFV 2003
conditions. The expression regardless of in the sentence "You can profit
V. Crew members are expected to comply __________ from it regardless of your level of formal education", can be
safety regulations. replaced by:
114
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
091 | IME 2013
The kids were sitting __________ the grass at the park.
Conjunctions
a) on
b) under 001 | ITA 1995
c) in 'It's "weird" he muses, 'we're getting more comfortable
d) at playing live, and we're playing more consistently every night.
e) inside Yet sometimes it's more difficult to get in that state of mind
where you can just lose yourself to the music.'
092 | IME 2013
He was __________ charge of a convoy transporting Stone Gossard, Pearl Jam
supplies from the port to a distribution point.
– A palavra "Yet", relacionada no texto, poderia ser
a) on substituída por:
b) about
c) at a) Furthermore.
d) in b) And.
e) into c) Nevertheless.
d) Already.
093 | JFS 2013 e) Rather.
She kept glancing __________ the phone.
002 | UNITAU 1995
Assinale a alternativa que corresponde a um sinônimo para a
a) on
b) towards palavra, em destaque, a seguir:
c) upon
d) off DESPITE the growing use of computers in classrooms
e) about American universities are still graduating millions of
technological illiterates.
a) addition.
b) alternative.
c) cause.
d) condition.
e) contrast.
004 | UNIRIO1995
A palavra que poderia substituir a expressão AS A RESULT
em "As a result, Struve claims, he can halve the time
required to grow a 1.5-inch diameter red oak" sem alteração
do significado é:
a) Therefore.
b) However.
c) Moreover.
d) Besides.
e) Anyhow.
115
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
005 | UNIRIO 1995 – ADAPTED 009 | MACKENZIE 1996
Research shows that sunscreens may not be as effective as Yes, I know Mario quite well; __________, I __________ to
hoped at preventing sunburn. Users may be spending long see him at the club last weekend.
hours in the sun with a false sense of security, and though
lotions may protect against sunburning UVB rays, it does a) furthermore – had
little to block out the potentially more dangerous UVA rays. b) thus – wanted
c) in fact – happened
– The word THOUGH (ref.:2) can be replaced with: d) whereas – waited
e) despite – liked
a) but.
b) however. 010 | MACKENZIE 1996 – ADAPTED
c) therefore. Corporations can no longer afford lifetime employment and
d) besides. the seniority system, whereas young workers do not
e) yet. consider company life the most important.
006 | FGV 1995 – ADAPTED – The meaning of whereas in the text is:
The idea that executives need to fly on business class
__________ they can work is bogus. a) sufficiently.
b) theoretically.
– Assinale a alternativa que preenche corretamente a lacuna c) at present.
do texto: d) intensely.
e) while.
a) though
b) so 011 | MACKENZIE 1996
c) for Indicate the alternative that best completes the following
d) until sentence:
e) since
He had a headache; __________, he __________ the
007 | FGV 1995 invitation.
The new economic order was supposed to bring rapid
growth for the industrialized nations, as emerging capitalist a) hence – declined
countries joined a global free trade system __________ b) then – dismissed
brutal competition from the Third World and the Soviet c) otherwise – refused
block has stalled the developed nations. d) so – quit
e) however – failed
– A palavra que preenche melhor a lacuna do texto é:
012 | UFPR 1994 – ADAPTED
a) Because. IN ADDITION, much of the water is polluted and salty.
b) Instead.
c) Moreover. – In the sentence above, the expression in capital letter can
d) Therefore. be replaced by:
e) While.
01) Consequently
008 | ITA 1996 02) Besides
We don't believe your needs should have to wait just 04) Also
because it's 2 o'clock in the morning. 08) In contrast
16) As soon as
– A palavra because, em destaque no texto, poderia ser 32) However
substituída por: 64) Moreover
a) while. a) 01 + 02 + 04 + 64 = 71
b) how. b) 01 + 02 + 08 + 16 = 27
c) like. c) 02 + 04 + 08 + 32 = 46
d) since. d) 02 + 04 + 64 = 70
e) for. e) 02 + 04 + 32 + 64 = 102
116
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
013 | UEL 1995 017 | FAAP 1997
A lacuna é corretamente preenchida pela alternativa: I don't know __________ she is as optimist or a pessimist
117
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
022 | CESGRANRIO 1991 – ADAPTED 026 | CESGRANRIO 1992
In the sentences: 'A good story,' he thought. So he went there – it took 36
hours by train and canoe.
1. Now, if this process happens each time we eat sugar, we
can see that eating excessive amounts of sugar causes more – The relationship between these two sentences is NOT one
and more tooth decay. of:
2. However, sweets are often eaten as snacks between
meals and during the day, times when people generally do a) consequence.
not brush after eating. b) conclusion.
3. Therefore, the dangerous process of tooth decay is c) result.
allowed to continue. d) cause.
e) time.
– The words NOW, HOWEVER and THEREFORE could be
substituted by: 027 | ITA 1998
In an early article, McKay suggested that the occurrence of
a) Than – But – Thus PAHs (polyaromatic hydrocarbons) and textural and
b) These days – Perhaps – So mineralogical features in the Martian meteorite ALH84001
c) Because – Although – Meanwhile were consistent with the presence of past life on Mars. A
d) Recently – Even though – Besides series of technical comments and responses address
e) Well – Nevertheless – Consequently whether abiotic processes could have instead produced
these features.
023 | UEL 1997
A lacuna é corretamente preenchida pela alternativa: SCIENCE – December 20, 1996.
I'd like to talk to him __________ he arrives. – Assinale a conjunção que poderia ligar as idéias contidas
nos dois períodos do texto anterior:
a) while
b) rather than a) Whereas
c) since b) Moreover
d) as soon as c) Thus
e) because d) However
e) Hence
024 | UFF 1997
In the sentence "It was as if he forgot who I was", AS IF 028 | ITA 1997 – ADAPTED
means: At present, neither offers full access to the Internet – they
are linked by a "gateway" through which e-mail can be sent
a) even though and received, but which denies access to many of the
b) as though delights the Net has to offer. __________, both companies
c) although are widening the gateways in the near future.
d) as for
e) if possibly – A alternativa que melhor preenche a lacuna é:
118
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
030 | ITA 1997 – ADAPTED 034 | UERJ 1998 – ADAPTED
Many manufacturers believe that the only MEANS to greater Photojournalists are often people who feel a powerful social
production capacity is augmenting the old with the new. responsibility to document the atrocities of humanity IN
Virtually all of the world's LEADING semiconductor ORDER TO provide evidence to the world.
companies are building new fabs to satisfy projected
demand, DESPITE CONCERNS ABOUT MONTHLY BOOK/BILL – The capital world expression is a marker of:
RATIOS.
a) result.
– Uma outra forma de se escrever o trecho "despite b) reason.
concerns about monthly book/bill ratios", em maiúsculo, no c) purpose.
texto é: d) consequence.
a) ...in case of the concerns about monthly book/bill ratios. 035 | UNIRIO 1998
b) ...because of the concerns about monthly book/bill ratios. The word AS in "And as stress begins to ebb you may find
c) ...due to the concerns about monthly book/bill ratios. that it's replaced by a renewed sense of possibility and
d) ...rather than getting concerned about monthly book/bill optimism" expresses the idea of:
ratios.
e) ...although they are concerned about monthly book/bill a) consequence.
ratios. b) comparison.
c) purpose.
031 | UERJ 1997 d) contrast.
The word BUT in the sentence "But she's the only one" e) time.
indicates:
036 | UFRS 1998
a) cause. In case you are childless or an alien from outer space and
b) contrast. managed to avoid this craze, the Tamagotchi is a Keychain-
c) addition. size plastic egg that houses a small LCD (Liquid Crystal
d) conclusion. Display) in which "lives" a creature that you nurture by
pushing a variety of buttons.
032 | UFPB 1998
In the following verses: – A expressão "in case" pode ser substituída, sem alteração
de sentido, por:
And can understand nothing
But the unusual laughter a) So.
b) As.
– “But” means: c) When.
d) Indeed.
a) however. e) If.
b) also.
c) although. 037 | UFRS 1998 – ADAPTED
d) because. Na frase "Moreover, PCs and telecommunications
e) except. technologies have enabled more women and men to work at
home, increasing employment options and bringing the
033 | UERJ 1998 – ADAPTED perennial kids-and-career battle to an end", a palavra
Consumers can start questioning advertising in the category MOREOVER pode ser substituída por:
generally even the intent is to provide worth-while
information. a) However.
b) Such as.
– The underlined word indicates: c) In addition to that.
d) Provided that.
a) comparison. e) Notwithstanding.
b) purpose.
c) addition.
d) contrast.
119
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
038 | UFRS 1998 042 | MACKENZIE 1998
__________ all the conquests already achieved by women, a Indicate the alternative that best completes the following
lot still remains to be done. sentence:
__________ some Scottish fans bare their bottoms, they are – The sentence "Yet immigrants also are 50% more likely
readily forgiven. than Americans to have a graduate degree" introduces:
a) No matter a) a conclusion.
b) Always if b) a definition.
c) All the time c) a contrast.
d) Even when d) a result.
e) In spite of e) an example.
120
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
046 | ITA 1999 049 | UFRRJ 1999 – ADAPTED
Considerando a "charge" a seguir bem como a sua tradução, The explosive growth in these regions is DUE not only TO
assinale a opção cuja conjunção corresponda à palavra que high birth rates but to the young age at which mothers have
foi excluída (entre parênteses) da fala do assessor de their children, telescoping the time between generations.
Clinton:
– The expression DUE TO could be replaced by:
a) since.
b) towards.
c) from.
d) because of.
e) during.
a) condition.
b) purpose.
"A opinião pública ainda está a seu favor... c) result.
a não ser que ela esteja mentindo para você". d) contrast.
e) manner.
a) although
b) whereas 051 | UFSM 1999
c) in spite of that The new phones can be programmed to dial only a few
d) unless numbers, LIKE home, or a parent's office.
e) for
– A palavra em destaque indica uma relação de:
047 | ITA 1999
Leia o recado de Ho Chi Minh aos franceses, em 1946: a) oposição.
b) comparação.
"You can kill 10 of my men for every one I kill of yours, yet c) exemplificação.
even at those odds, you will lose and I will win". d) adição.
e) causa – efeito.
– Assinale a opção cuja conjunção tenha significado
semelhante ao de "yet": 052 | PUCRIO 1998
In the sentence "If you wrote about the international
a) therefore banking systems for bankers, your language and information
b) despite would be more technical", the author intends to transmit an
c) thus idea of:
d) moreover
e) however a) conclusion.
b) addition.
048 | UERJ 1999 c) condition.
Of course the programmers who created this system could d) comparison.
foresee this would cause a problem, but AS WELL AS a e) contrast.
degree of short-termism there was a widespread disbelief
that anyone would be using the same computers and 053 | UNESP 2000
programs nearly thirty years later. __________ Mr. Foley was reading the newspaper, Mrs.
Foley was watching television.
– The expression "as well as" indicates:
a) While
a) conclusion. b) As long
b) condition. c) In the meantime
c) contrast. d) Because of
d) addition. e) How
121
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
054 | ITA 2000 – ADAPTED 058 | UERJ 2000
But what has been so frustrating about the market reactions Crews may need to watch radar screens FOR oncoming
in recent months is that despite the surging economy, traffic instead of popping corks.
inflation has not been rising. It has remained flat, at around
3 percent, and yet Wall Street, certain that the shadow it – The capital word has the idea of:
sees is the ghost of higher inflation come to haunt the
trading floors, has been clamoring to the Federal Reserve for a) cause.
higher rates. (...) b) purpose.
c) direction.
The New York Times Magazine. May 22, 1994. d) explanation.
122
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
063 | ITA 2001 – ADAPTED 066 | PUCRS 2002 – ADAPTED
The first time I saw Walter Salles's brilliant Brazilian film
SINGAPORE Central Station (Central do Brasil) was on the same day I had
to see Robin Williams's "Patch Adams", which is more or less
In a 1975 survey, only 27 per cent of people over age 40 its American counterpart. (…) Both are about optimism in
claimed to understand English, whereas among 15-20-year- the face of adversity, with Salles dealing with the
olds, the proportion was over 87 per cent. There is also reformation of a cynical woman, while Williams strives to
evidence of quite widespread use in family settings. In such
regenerate the entire medical profession.
an environment, therefore, it is not surprising that a local
variety ('Singaporean English') should have begun to emerge. – A palavra while é usada com o mesmo sentido no texto e
na alternativa:
MALAYSIA
Malay-medium education was introduced, with English as an a) We must have been burgled while we were asleep.
obligatory subject but increasingly being seen as a value for b) You can go swimming while I am working on this paper.
international rather than intranational purposes – more a c) While I am willing to help, I do not have too much time
foreign language than a second language. available.
d) While you are good at science, your friend is absolutely
The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the English Language hopeless.
e) They chatted for a while before they walked into the
David Crystal – CUP, 1995
theater.
– Sinônimos para THEREFORE (texto sobre Singapura) e para
RATHER THAN (texto sobre Malásia) são, respectivamente: 067 | UNIFESP 2002 – ADAPTED
Na frase "The rise of molecular biology since the late 1950s
a) however – more than has had the gradual and quite unforeseen effect of turning
b) altogether – before the eyes of medical scientists increasingly toward the basic
c) thus – despite mechanisms of life, rather than disease and death", a
d) as a consequence – and expressão rather than pode ser substituída, sem mudar o
e) consequently – instead of sentido, por:
123
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
069 | PUCRIO 2002 – ADAPTED 073 | UFRS 2000 – ADAPTED
The sentence "While French at one time was the foreign Swiss cheese? Roquefort? Is it Gouda? Well... we all know
language most favored by educated Brazilians, nowadays the moon isn't really made of cheese. Cheese is just one of
many younger citizens are required in school to learn English the many different images seen in the charcoal-gray, black,
as a second language and are seen ¡chatting in English at the and white markings created by various lunar craters and
mall, exercising their bilingual skills" expresses an idea of: basins. (…) The Chinese see a rabbit in the dark areas and a
toad in the white.
a) addition.
b) result. (Fonte: Astronomy, Sept. 1999)
c) definition.
d) conclusion. – De acordo com o texto, complete a sentença abaixo com a
e) contrast. alternativa correta:
070 | MACKENZIE 2002 The Chinese can see __________ a rabbit __________ a toad
In which of the sentences can "since" be replaced by on the lunar markings.
"because"?
a) neither – nor
a) I have enjoyed science since I was a child. b) and – or
b) I am interested in this article since I like science. c) either – and
c) I've been studying science since 1988. d) both – or
d) Lots of strange things have happened here since last e) both – and
week.
e) Since his trip to the States, he's been very ill. 074 | UFSM 2001 – ADAPTED
A Florida panther rests quietly in the Everglades of
071 | PUCSP 2002 southwestern Florida. ALTHOUGH protected by the
Among married women, labor-force participation rates rose Endangered Species Act, only 30 Florida panthers are
10 percentage points per decade for each 10-year period believed to survive in the Everglades victims of disease and
from 1940 to 1990. So today, the rates are over 70 percent shrinking habitat as well as illegal hunting and automobiles.
for all women age 25 to 64, and a little over 80 percent for
women who have bachelor's degrees. – A palavra destacada no excerto acima estabelece uma
relação de:
– Na frase "So today, the rates are over 70 percent for all
women age 25 to 64", a palavra so pode ser substituída, sem a) finalidade.
alterar o sentido, por: b) adição.
c) tempo.
a) Therefore. d) concessão.
b) If. e) condição.
c) However.
d) Nevertheless. 075 | PUCSP 2001 – ADAPTED
e) Even if. Besides providing clues to understanding human biology,
learning about nonhuman organisms' DNA sequences can
072 | FATEC 2000 lead to an understanding of their natural capabilities that
Assinale a alternativa que contém uma palavra equivalente a can be applied toward solving challenges in health care,
thus, empregada no seguinte texto: "A child who spends too energy sources, agriculture, and environmental cleanup.
much time on video games may not disengage from a
simulated world and THUS may be confused in the real one": – A palavra BESIDES, sublinhada no fragmento acima, indica
uma relação de:
a) although
b) instead a) adição.
c) therefore b) oposição.
d) however c) consequência.
e) whereas d) exemplificação.
e) finalidade.
124
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
076 | PUCSP 2001 – ADAPTED 081 | PUCRS 2000 – ADAPTED
Na frase "To help achieve these goals, researchers also are The word while as in "The groom got the idea of corporate
studying the genetic makeup of several nonhuman sponsorships while working in a small struggling animation
organisms", a palavra TO pode ser substituída por: studio that often had to barter for services" is used with the
same meaning as in:
a) such.
b) in order to. a) I watched the show a while ago.
c) because. b) Sabrina is blonde while Tom is redheaded.
d) from. c) While she knows he's not rich, she still wants to marry
e) then. him.
d) I met her while I was studying at PUC.
077 | MACKENZIE 2001 e) We haven't seen them for a while.
Indicate the alternative that best completes the sentence:
082 | UFRN 2000 – ADAPTED
The road was in bad condition: Through Lisbon flowed not only the gold of Brazil and West
Africa and the spices of the East Indies, but new treasures of
a) despite, I was very late. knowledge, new maps, accounts of different peoples and
b) however, we didn't stop. societies, new animal and botanical species.
c) nonetheless, the road was long.
d) in fact, it was 7 o'clock. – A expressão correlativa not only... but indica:
e) if I had more time, I'd call you.
a) adversidade.
078 | MACKENZIE 2001 b) exclusividade.
__________ it rained hard, the plane took __________. c) negação.
d) adição.
a) In spite of – on
b) Unless – out of 083 | FEI 2000 – ADAPTED
c) If – out He'd drifted into an alternative school for troubled youths,
d) Although – off where, despite special classes, Frank's principal still
e) But – over considered him "the worst kid of the whole lot."
079 | UERJ 2002 – De acordo com o texto, como você traduz DESPITE?
What they have in common is the sight of Brazil as it sheds
its image as eternally easygoing. a) No lugar de.
b) Apesar de.
– The two instances of the word AS in the sentence above c) A respeito de.
establish the following semantic relations: d) Enquanto que.
e) Em vez de.
a) causality and addition
b) alternation and purpose 084 | FATEC 1999 – ADAPTED
c) concession and contrast Because of its vision-disturbing side effects, the drug has
d) temporality and comparison also been suspected of contributing to at least one plane
crash. Indeed, a Federal Aviation Administration pamphlet
080 | UFSCAR 2000 recommends a prudent "six hours from Viagra to throttle".
That's not to say humanity can't become extinct. A 50-mile- Still, the news about Viagra is mostly happy. It works for
wide asteroid crashing down from space would do it. So many men, and Pfizer, the manufacturer, estimates that 5
could a sudden and thorough collapse of earth's ecosystem million prescriptions have been written.
through pollution, deforestation and the like – unless we
establish some colonies in space beforehand. – Assinale a alternativa que apresenta a palavra que
expressa a mesma idéia de still em "Still, the news about
– A palavra unless indica uma relação de: Viagra is mostly happy":
a) adição. a) Thus.
b) exemplificação. b) Therefore.
c) ressalva. c) Hence.
d) oposição. d) Nevertheless.
e) consequência. e) Finally.
125
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
085 | FURG 1999 089 | MACKENZIE 2000
GOOD NEWS Some of the most notorious chemicals in the Choose the alternative in which WHILE is being used to
1960s and 1970s such as the pesticide DDT, and PCBs – used express a contrast:
in a variety of goods, from electrical equipment to paint –
have been banned or heavily restricted. Shipments of toxic a) While the machines are working, let's have some coffee.
waste are carefully controlled by an international treaty. b) I usually take a shower while my mom is preparing
However, we have little idea of the long-term effects of all breakfast.
but a few of the 70,000 and more chemicals that are in c) What were you doing while Peter was studying?
regular use. d) While she was in bed, he read the paper.
e) My dad is a dreamer, while my mom is too realistic
– O termo HOWEVER é empregado para:
090 | UFRRJ 2000
a) expressar idéia de tempo. "I was giving a talk in a large auditorium in New England
b) dar idéia de consequência. WHEN A WOMAN SITTING IN THE BALCONY STOOD UP".
c) fazer referência a uma idéia já mencionada.
d) apresentar idéias semelhantes. – The selected passage expresses an idea of:
e) introduzir uma idéia que se opõe à anterior.
a) purpose.
086 | PUCRS 1999 – ADAPTED
b) cause.
But neither the park nor the mountains are enough to
c) place.
explain why Hay attracts so many visitors.
d) time.
The expression "neither... nor" excludes both "the park" and e) condition.
"the mountains." If they were to be included, the correct
expression(s) would be: 091 | UFSM 2002
There is great evidence of the benefits of Yoga, __________,
I. not only... but also some people still question this practice.
II. either... or
III. as well as a) consequently
b) thus
– The correct alternative is: c) however
d) despite
a) I. e) while
b) I and II.
c) I and III. 092 | UFSM 2002 – ADAPTED
d) I, II and III. O oposto do termo destacado em "But according to clinical
e) II and III. psychologist Simon Gelsthorpe, at Bradford Community
Health Trust, loneliness and depression are not always about
087 | UNIT 1999
being alone" é:
The sentence "Although no one can predict the full effect to
the current information revolution, we can see changes in a) in relation to.
our daily lives" expresses an idea of: b) as a result of.
a) addition. c) concerning to.
b) cause. d) in disagreement with.
c) contrast. e) in reference to.
d) time.
e) consequence. 093 | FATEC 2002
A palavra although em "Although many became ill the next
088 | MACKENZIE 2000 day, some guests didn't show symptoms for several days"
__________ capable of walking upright, medieval men did indica uma relação de sentido de:
so for short periods of time.
a) tempo.
a) As if b) explicação.
b) Since c) consequência.
c) Until d) concessão.
d) Because e) adversidade.
e) Though
126
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
094 | UNIRIO 2002 098 | JFS 2012
Whether it spreads joy or alarm, the body-shaping trend is a We were unable to get sponsoring and __________ had to
boom that is still growing. abandon the project.
095 | JFS 2012 – Na frase acima, a palavra MOREOVER pode ser substituída,
Mark the synonym to the words in bold in the sentence sem mudar o sentido, por:
below:
a) Furthermore.
Inasmuch as you are the older employer, you are b) However.
responsible for the performance of these men. c) Thus.
d) Nevertheless.
a) Unless e) Rather.
b) Still
c) In addition 100 | UFRS 2001 – ADAPTED
d) Since Woody Allen's 'Sweet and Lowdown' has received great
e) Hence critical acclaim, not least in the perceptive review of it by
Jonathan Romney. But not even he has discussed the aspect
096 | ITA 2003 – ADAPTED of the film I found the most intriguing.
If all my relatives suddenly died and all my friendships dried
up and all of my subscriptions were cancelled and all of my – A palavra "But" poderia ser substituída sem alteração de
bills were paid, I would still be guaranteed mail – two pieces sentido por:
a week, by my estimation – for the credit card companies
would still want me. a) although.
b) nevertheless.
– A palavra FOR, em destaque na linha 4, poderia ser c) therefore.
substituída por: d) whatever.
e) despite.
a) yet.
b) why. 101 | PUCPR 2003
c) still. Mark the alternative that offers the best way to complete
d) but. the sentences below:
e) because.
I. Francis is engaged to be married, __________ she is still in
097 | FATEC 2003 – ADAPTED doubt about her getting married.
A palavra though em "Anyone can contract lupus, though it's II. Tom does not have a new car, __________ does he have
most common among those between 15 and 44" indica uma an apartment of his own.
relação de: III. After dinner, Lee either plays cards __________ watches
TV.
a) tempo. IV. Joanne loves dancing __________ singing.
b) concessão. V. Michael and Peter should read more books, __________
c) consequência. they will take a literature test soon.
d) explicação.
e) causa. a) but – nor – and – and – for
b) but – or – or – and – so
c) yet – nor – or – in addition – so
d) but – nor – and – or – so
e) yet – nor – or – and – for
127
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
102 | UERJ 2003 106 | PUCRS 2003
And, since the "who" and "where" of our lives are always In the sentence "But Soderlholm and his wife, Gunvor, are
changing, so is our understanding of truth. happy to pay", the word "but" could be replaced by:
104 | PUCSP 2003 – A expressão "... just as ... so is ..." indica uma relação de:
Na frase "Students were either leftist or they would keep
their mouths shut". A expressão either... or indica uma idéia a) diferença.
de: b) comparação.
c) consequência.
a) exclusão. d) reiteração.
b) inclusão. e) ponto de vista.
c) gradação.
d) predominância. 109 | UNESP 1997
e) enumeração. Marque a alternativa que completa as lacunas na sentença a
seguir corretamente:
105 | UNIRIO 2003
In "You hate air conditioning, YET your houses deal with Charles ... Mary are brother ... sister.
changes in the weather," the discourse marker yet denotes:
a) or / and
a) addition. b) and / or
b) cause. c) and / but
c) contrast. d) and / and
d) comparison. e) but / and
e) condition.
128
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
110 | PUCPR 2005 113 | UFC 2005 – ADAPTED
The twelve days of the event led to a series of infrastructure
changes that will very much improve the quality of life for
citizens in Greece, especially groups of people with
restricted mobility. __________, the greatest legacy of the
Athens 2004 Paralympic Games will be a new social
perception of the disabled.
a) Besides
b) However
c) In general
d) Once more
– In "... BECAUSE there weren't any malls, SO everyone was e) For instance
depressed", the ideas expressed by the capital words are
respectively: 114 | UFC 2000
The sentence “Yet their ambitions and their dreams are a
a) comparison – result mirror image of our own – and our response to them says a
b) reason – addition great deal about us as individuals, as a country” is equivalent
c) contrast – result in meaning to:
d) consequence – condition
e) reason – consequence a) In other words, their ambitions and their dreams are a
mirror image of our own – and our response to them says a
111 | JFS 2012 great deal about us as individuals, as a country.
No texto abaixo, os vocábulos em destaque expressam, b) As a result, their ambitions and their dreams are a mirror
respectivamente: image of our own – and our response to them says a great
deal about us as individuals, as a country.
Newsweek circa 1965 and the iPad may seem worlds apart, c) In addition, their ambitions and their dreams are a mirror
but what they have in common outweighs their differences. image of our own – and our response to them says a great
Both eschew style over substance while wholeheartedly deal about us as individuals, as a country.
embracing substance with style. Marrying the 1965 version d) Similarly, their ambitions and their dreams are a mirror
of Newsweek to the 2012 iPad's technology, we created a image of our own - and our response to them says a great
design that respectfully tips its hat to the past without ever deal about us as individuals, as a country.
getting stuck there. Call it retro with mojo. Won't you join us e) Still, their ambitions and their dreams are a mirror image
on the elevator. of our own – and our response to them says a great deal
about us as individuals, as a country.
a) contraste e concessão.
b) contraste e adição. 115 | ITA 2006
c) contraste e simultaneidade. Leia atentamente todo o período transcrito abaixo, verifique
d) concessão e contraste. as idéias contidas nas orações introduzidas por unless e
e) concessão e simultaneidade. hence e assinale a opção que, respectivamente, expressa
tais idéias.
112 | UECE 2000
O vocábulo BUT, na frase But Bobby Crabtree and his wife Unless the administration changes its approach, it will
thought Matilda was staying with friends that night, continue to erode America’s good name, and hence its
classifica-se gramaticalmente como: ability to effectively influence world affairs.
129
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
116 | FAAP 1975 120 | JFS 2011
Assinale a alternativa correta: In the sentence "Even though some investors thought the
upgrade had been long overdue, few expected it to
__________ he was waiting for the news, he looked very materialise before the end of the year due to current global
angry. uncertainty", even though and due to express, respectively,
ideas of:
a) If
b) While a) cause and effect.
c) Why b) contrast and addition.
d) Since c) contrast and resulting.
e) How d) complementarity and consequence.
e) resulting and effect.
117 | UERJ 2006
Connectors establish a set of semantic roles while linking 121 | JFS 2012
clauses. Observe the kind of link employed in the sentence Which of the following sentences can be filled in correctly
below. with the word ‘instead’?
"It isn't simply that he accepts the factual existence of power a) I think I'd like to stay at home this evening __________ go
or legitimacy; RATHER, it's that he accepts that an authority out.
figure is justified in making a decision without also b) You can go __________ me, if you want.
explaining the reason for that." c) There's no coffee – would you like a cup of tea
__________?
– The information that follows the spotted connector d) Small cities aren't very noise __________ they can be fun.
functions as: e) __________ all my work, I still failed the exam.
130
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
124 | JFS 2012 128 | IME 2013
New York City closed several blocks of Broadway in 2009 to Internships have value, ________ or not students are paid.
create a pedestrian plaza around Times Square – a much-
publicized experiment that in February became permanent a) if
policy, even though it did not improve traffic flow as much b) as long
as hoped. The Big Apple has also dabbled in shorter-term c) whether
but larger-scale street closures, barring cars on a stretch of d) because
streets leading from the Brooklyn Bridge to Central Park on a e) as
series of summer Saturdays in 2008 and 2009. And on June
7, New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg announced a 129 | JFS 2013
somewhat less sexy but nonetheless significant change in The evening was very pleasant, albeit a little quiet.
the city's infrastructure, instituting dedicated bus-only lanes
on Manhattan's East Side to speed transit up and down the – O vocábulo em negrito acima pode ser substituído, sem
island. causar alteração no sentido da sentença por:
a) so
b) so that
c) because
d) unless
e) yet
a) than
b) when
c) so
d) that
e) and
131
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
005 | UEL 1994
Subjunctive, Imperative, Assinale a alternativa correta:
Infinitive and Gerund
He stopped __________ only after the doctor said he was
001 | ITA 1995 going to die.
Without fear of be happy (Sem medo de ser feliz) é o título,
em inglês, que um periódico paulista atribuiu ao livro do a) drank
jornalista americano Ken Silverstein sobre a campanha de b) drink
Lula à Presidência da República em 1989. Examinando o c) drinks
título, você diria que: d) drinking
e) to drink
a) Está estruturalmente correto.
b) Deveria ser: "Without Fear of Been Happy". 006 | UNESP 1990
c) Deveria ser: "Without Fear of to Be Happy". Both Mary and Roger enjoy __________ tennis.
d) Deveria ser: "Without Fear of Being Happy".
a) plays
e) Deveria ser: "Without Fear to Be Happy".
b) play
c) to playing
002 | ITA 1995
d) playing
A lacuna da sentença abaixo deve ser preenchida por:
e) played
Astronomers are used __________ all kinds of wild things in
007 | MACKENZIE 1996
outer space.
Indicate the correct alternative:
a) find I had hoped __________ my letter.
b) to find
c) finding a) her answer
d) to finding b) her answering
e) found c) that she answer
d) that she would answer
003 | UNESP 1985 e) to her answer
Assinale a alternativa que preenche corretamente a
sentença a seguir: 008 | ITA 1995
A melhor forma de concluir a sentença a seguir é:
Most people cannot learn verbs without __________ them.
Although personal appearance is of great importance when
a) to study going to an interview for a job, the candidate should be
b) studying careful __________.
c) study
d) studied a) to not overdress
e) studies b) to do not overdress
c) not to overdress
004 | JFS 1999 d) do not overdress
Assinale a alternativa correta: e) not overdress
Nothing can be done except __________ the results of the 009 | ITA 1996
exam. Leia a frase e preencha a lacuna:
132
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
010 | FEI 1996 015 | ITA 1996
I regretted answering like that. I was sorry __________ so. A alternativa que deve preencher a lacuna no quadro a
seguir é:
a) to have done
b) in doing
c) to do
d) to be doing
e) for do
a) me to interrupt
b) me for interrupt
c) me for interrupting
d) me in interrupting
e) me to interrupting
133
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
017 | UFSC 1997 021 | IME 2013
Select the proposition(s) which is(are) in the Imperative She cannot get used __________ abroad.
Form:
a) to live
(01) Please, place all valuables in the hotel safe. b) to living
(02) You are advised not to take money on the beach. c) lives
(04) We ask you to return your keys before your departure. d) lived
(08) You must carry your suitcases. e) living
(16) Don't make noise at night.
(32) Be careful with your tickets. 022 | EFOMM 2013
I can remember __________ voices in the middle of the
– Soma = ( __________ ) night.
a) 49 (01 + 16 + 32)
b) 48 (16 + 32) a) to hear
c) 50 (02 + 16 + 32) b) hear
d) 56 (08 + 16 + 32) c) heard
d) hearing
e) 17 (16 + 01)
e) have heard
018 | JFS 2007
Which of the following sentences is not in the Imperative
Mood? “In this world second thoughts, it seems, are best.”
Euripides
a) Get plenty of calcium.
b) Don’t mess too much with your hair.
c) But, be patient with those who supply it.
d) Painting over the ugly parts.
e) But trust me on the sunscreen.
a) studying
b) working
c) going
d) including
e) modeling
134
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
006 | UECE 1997
Phrasal Verbs SPLIT UP in “After getting stores and various other
commodities together in Mamfe, John and I decided to split
001 | MACKENZIE 1996 up” means that:
Choose the correct alternative which indicates the meaning
of blow over in the following sentence: a) they decided to separate.
b) they decided to end their relationship.
They're hoping that this crisis will BLOW OVER and be
c) they decided to stay together.
forgotten.
d) they decided to talk over their plans.
a) happen suddenly and make you able to accept a pleasant e) they decided to sleep together.
experience.
b) explode. 007 | CESGRANRIO 1998
c) succeed in spite of difficulties. The verb to go may be followed by many adverbial particles
d) become stronger and cause trouble for other people. and prepositions that add different meanings to it. Match
e) pass without doing harm. the two columns and then mark the correct alternative:
I – go up
002 | UDESC 1996
Find the correct alternative: II – go on
III – go away
a) to put on – to remove IV – go by
b) to put out – to increase
c) to put off – to dress R. continue
d) to put on weight – to grow fat S. leave
e) to put together – to keep T. rise
U. move
003 | FUVEST 1979 V. pass
Assinale a alternativa que melhor traduz a seguinte frase:
– Mark the correct match.
I have run out of vinegar.
a) I – T; II – U; III – S; IV – R
a) Corri para buscar vinagre. b) I – T; II – R; III – S; IV – V
b) Derramei o vinagre. c) I – T; II – V; III – U; IV – R
c) Preciso sair para pegar vinagre. d) I – U; II – R; III – S; IV – V
d) Meu vinagre acabou. e) I – U; II – V; III – S; IV – R
e) Joguei fora o vinagre.
008 | UDESC 1997
004 | MACKENZIE 1996 Choose the CORRECT answer:
Choose the correct alternative. Indicate the meaning of
catch on to in the following sentence: The woman is TAKING CARE of her baby.
135
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
010 | PUCRIO 1999 015 | JFS 2010
The only option in which MAKE UP has the same meaning as Fill in the gaps in the sentences below meaningfully:
immigrants make up only 12% of today's workforce is:
1. __________ the computer __________ and let's go.
a) The committee is made up of representatives from all the 2. Her new boyfriend __________ her __________ on their
university. second date.
b) You must make up what you owe before the end of the 3. She __________ the flu after being sick for a week.
month.
c) She never goes without making herself up first. a) 1. Shut … down – 2. stood … up – 3. got over
d) I can make up a bed for you on the floor. b) 1. Shut … down – 2. stood … down – 3. got down
e) He made up an incredible story about his holiday. c) 1. Shut … off – 2. stood … over – 3. got over
d) 1. Shut … off – 2. stood … down – 3. got down
011 | EFOMM 2000 e) 1. Shut … off – 2. stood … up – 3. got on
“Is that my new TV in that package?’
“Yes, just __________.” 016 | JFS 2012
You’d better give __________. This issue has no solution.
a) open it up, take it out, plug it in and turn it on.
b) open it up, take it off, plug it on and turn it on. a) out
c) take it out, open it on, plug it off and turn it up. b) up
d) take it in, plug it out, turn it down and open it up. c) over
e) open it out, take it up, turn it on and plug it on. d) away
e) off
012 | FUVEST 1978
Assinale a alternativa que traduz melhor a seguinte 017 | EFOMM 2010
sentença: In:
I can't tell one from the other. "Did you buy a new bike?"
"Yes, I bought one two weeks ago."
a) Não distingo uma da outra.
b) Não conto com nenhuma outra. – Which phrasal verb can substitute the underlined word?
c) Não falo com nenhuma outra.
d) Não posso falar de uma para outra. a) ran into
e) Não posso dizer para a outra. b) let down
c) picked out
013 | ITA 2007 d) turned out
A expressão BREAK OUT em “During a poker match, an e) picked up
argument breaks out between Napoleon and Mr. Pilkington
018 | EFOMM 2010
when they both play an Ace of Spades, and the animals
realize how they cannot tell the difference between the pigs Choose the correct alternative to complete the statements.
and the humans” significa:
I. They __________ the search after three hours. It was
hopeless.
a) to make a sudden, quick advance.
II. Somebody’s got to __________ those high principles.
b) to bring or come to an end.
III. We shouldn’t __________ their arguments so easily.
c) to develop suddenly.
IV. I’m trying to __________ my own work.
d) to force or make a way through.
V. What a preposterous idea! Jane will never __________
e) to cause to separate into pieces suddenly or violently.
with it!
014 | EFOMM 2012 a) gave up / stand up for / give in / catch up on / get away
The initials V.I.P. __________ Very Important Person. b) carried out / stand up to / give over / catch up on / get
ahead
a) means c) gave up / stand up to / give over / catch up with / get
b) stand for across
c) are about d) gave up / stand up for / give over / catch up with / get
d) describe along
e) accounts for e) carried out / stand up to / given in / catch up on / get
through
136
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
019 | EFOMM 2013
The boss refused her request for a day off.
False Cognate Words
– The underlined word can be replaced by: 001 | UFV 1996
The word particular in the sentence Much to the surprise of
a) turned out everyone, the remarkable conclusion of the research
b) turned over showed that people of a certain group actually were born
under a PARTICULAR planet, means the same as:
c) turned off
d) turned in
a) private
e) turned down
b) specific
c) ordinary
020 | ITA 2013
d) personal
Na sentença em que se insere “He believes he has stumbled
e) general
onto a solution to some of education’s most intractable
problems”, o verbo stumbled onto pode ser substituído por:
002 | UNITAU 1995
Assinale a alternativa que corresponde à tradução mais
a) come upon.
adequada da frase nominal, entre aspas, a seguir:
b) search for.
c) figured out.
Future generations may regard the scientific indictment of
d) come up with. smoking as 'a major contribution' to preventive medicine
e) pointed out. and the health of the western world.
a) strangely or unexpected.
b) extremely beautiful in appearance.
c) oddly with an unusual appearance.
d) peculiarly with a special or unique quality.
e) very unattractive and unpleasant to look at.
a) coherent.
b) contradictory.
c) right.
d) persuasive.
e) strong.
a) enthusiasts
b) processes
c) outdoors
d) spades
e) parts
137
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
006 | JFS 2000 010 | EN 1990
Dadas as sentenças: In “They pretended to be dead”, TO PRETEND means:
a) Did he push or pull the door when he got there? a) assist – mayor – policy
b) Did he pushed or pulled the door when he arrived there? b) attend – major – police
c) Did he pull or push the door when he got there? c) support – official – politics
d) Pushed or pulled he the door when he gots there? d) assist – mayor – politics
e) Pushed or pulled him the door when he arrived there? e) attend – major – policy
138
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
016 | PUCRIO 1995
The verb TO ATTEND is used in “The first semester I
Mixed Topics
attended college, I became friends with one of the American
001 | ITA 2001
students in my class”.
Assinale a opção correta em relação às frases abaixo,
extraídas de um calendário americano:
– Check the ONLY alternative in which the same verb can be
used. I. "A really great talent finds its happiness in execution." –
Goethe.
a) The receptionist's job was to __________ the phone. II. "There are many things in life that will catch your eye, but
b) The doctor carefully __________ the patient. only a few will catch your heart… pursue these." – unknown.
c) The professor __________ a convention to present his
III. "By cultivating the beautiful we scatter the seeds of
work. heavenly flowers, as by doing good we cultivate those that
d) He __________ the radio to listen to the news. belong to humanity." – V. Howard.
e) The interviewer __________ questions from the public.
a) Na sentença (I), "its" refere-se a "happiness".
017 | JFS 2012 b) Na sentença (II), "these" refere-se a "things in life that will
Em inglês, há algumas palavras que, ao serem pluralizadas, catch your heart."
podem mudar o sentido, tornando-se falsas cognatas. Como c) Na sentença (II), "those" refere-se a "flowers".
exemplo, o vocábulo spirit: “espírito”, no singular, e d) Os termos "but" na sentença (II) e "as" na sentença (III)
“disposição”, no plural. Qual das opções abaixo segue o são conjunções que podem ser consideradas sinônimas no
mesmo padrão? contexto em que se encontram.
e) Os termos "beautiful" e "good", na sentença (III), exercem
a) Minute. a função de adjetivos.
b) Human.
c) State. 002 | UNITAU 1995
d) Fruit. Assinale a alternativa que relaciona as construções
e) Diplomat. adequadas e as construções inadequadas em inglês dentre
as listadas a seguir:
018 | JFS 2012
Complete as sentenças a seguir coerentemente: 1. The football is in the our hearts.
2. Romário was not born in the United States.
I. Many __________ were killed during the battle. 3. Romário does not come from the United States.
II. It's a typical country __________ with a large house for 4. I see he and she.
the owner, farm buildings and workers' houses. 5. Pelé is more popular than Nixon.
III. The secret to public speaking is to get the __________ on 6. A cat is more big than a mouse.
your side. 7. Parreira have a little sister.
IV. Over two hundred people __________ the funeral. 8. An elephant is smarter than a feminist.
V. Some of his colleagues envy the enormous wealth that he 9. The Brazilian and the Italian teams have no problems
has __________. here.
10. I am seeing the cup.
a) privates – state – listeners – answered – spread
b) privates – estate – audience – attended – amassed a) Adequadas: 2, 4, 6, 8. Inadequadas: 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 10.
c) privates – estate – audience – attended – spread b) Adequadas: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5; Inadequadas: 6, 7, 8, 9, 10.
d) corporals – estate – listeners – answered – amassed c) Adequadas: 6, 7, 8, 9, 10. Inadequadas: 1, 2, 4, 6, 7.
e) corporals – state – audience – attended – amassed d) Adequadas: 2, 3, 5, 8, 9. Inadequadas: 1, 4, 6,7, 10.
e) Adequadas: 3, 2. Inadequadas: todas as demais.
“It is possible to store the mind with a million facts 003 | UFSM 1999
and still be entirely uneducated.” Over __________ last century, women __________ been
Alec Bourne __________ the opportunities __________ play a greater
role in government and business.
139
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
004 | UFSM 2001 007 | EEAR 2007
Assinale a alternativa que completa corretamente os Computer viruses can travel __________ one place to
espaços no trecho a seguir: another __________ fast __________ a phone call.
140
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
011 | UNITAU 1995 a) ficariam inalterados.
Assinale a alternativa que relaciona as construções b) seriam trocados para "winded" e "their".
adequadas e as construções inadequadas em inglês dentre c) se transformariam em "winded" e "it".
as listadas a seguir: d) seriam substituídos por "wind" e "their".
e) passariam para "wind" e "theirs".
1. Mary is likeing John.
2. Mary needs to help sheself. 014 | JFS 2002
3. I can see him. Read carefully the sentences below and try to find the
4. John was expected to win the world cup. correct one:
5. Americans films are goods.
6. They has a big farm in downtown. a) Daniel and Marla are going to buy a new and expensive
sport car to his son.
a) Adequadas: 3, 4. Inadequadas: 1, 2, 5, 6. b) The collected data is important to discover the average
b) Adequadas: 1, 2, 5. Inadequadas: 3, 4, 6. age of our students.
c) Adequadas: 3, 4, 5. Inadequadas: 1, 2, 6. c) The newcomer neighbours have a two-year-old baby and
d) Adequadas: 1, 3, 6. Inadequadas: 2, 4, 5. are planning to have another child before the next X-mas.
e) Adequadas: 2, 3, 5, 6. Inadequadas: 1, 4. d) They are looking up the lost documents inside the office
but I think that they won’t find it before the meeting.
012 | UFMA 2000 e) Parker is used to read the Bible before sleep. He is a very
Catholic man.
016 | EN 2001
Choose the alternative that correctly completes the text “No
celebrations”:
Copyright 2000 United Feature Syndicate, Inc.
Redistribution in whole or in part prohibited. No Celebrations
– In the context of the cartoon above, the correct alternative No big celebration __________ held when I arrived. Huang
is: Taitai didn’t have red banners greeting me in the fancy room
on the first floor. Tuan-yu was not __________ to greet me.
a) “another” implies no other additional idea. Instead, Juang Taitai hurried me upstairs to the second floor
b) “can” indicates ability. into the kitchen, __________ was a place family children
c) “doesn’t have to” indicates permission. didn’t usually go. This was a place for cooks and servants. So
d) “did” is used to make questions with ordinary verbs in I __________ my standing.
the Present Tense.
e) “can” could be replaced with the same meaning by “may”. a) was/ there/ which/ knew
b) would/ here/ where/ have known
013 | UFSM 2002 c) has/ somewhere/ when/ had known
Se o sujeito da oração "that WINDS back 5,000 years in ITS d) will/ anywhere/ that/ know
native India" se referisse a uma expressão no plural e fosse
mantido o tempo verbal, os termos destacados:
141
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
017 | AFA 2005 020 | JFS 2012
Read the ad and answer the question: The magic __________ had __________ audience
participation, with people shouting things __________ the
Lockheed Martin and Sikorsby. Working together for performers and going up __________ stage.
three decades, this team __________(I) and integrated
__________(II) any other team in the world. That includes a) performance – lots of – at – over
the SH-60B, __________(III) the new MH-60R and MH60S b) performance – lots of – to – over
programs. This __________(IV) delivers the proven Naval c) show – a lot of – to – on
Hawk airframe with advanced multi-mission avionics d) show – lot of – at – on
capabilities to the U.S. Navy and navies worldwide – e) show – a lot of – at – on
together we deliver __________(V) naval capability to
__________(VI) customers. As questões de 19 a 23 devem ser respondidas a partir da
imagem abaixo.
SiKorsKy | A United Technology Company
This guide __________ useful __________ about the city. 022 | UEL 1999
Preenche corretamente a lacuna (II) a alternativa:
a) gives – information
b) have given – information a) I'm
c) is giving – piece of informations b) I'd
d) gave – pieces of informations c) I've
e) will give – pieces of informations d) You'll
e) You're
019 | JFS 2012
After a __________ I enjoy __________ beer __________ 023 | UEL 1999
two. Preenche corretamente a lacuna (III) a alternativa:
142
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
024 | UEL 1999
Preenche corretamente a lacuna (IV) a alternativa:
Idioms and Vocabulary
a) us 001 | UEL 1997
b) me Assinale a tradução correta dos termos em maiúsculo:
c) my
d) hers I DON'T FEEL LIKE being indoors all day. Let's go for a long
walk.
e) mine
“Do not protect yourself by a fence, a) Quem não deve, não teme.
but rather by your friends.” b) Quem quer faz, quem não quer manda.
c) Deus ajuda a quem cedo madruga.
Czech Proverb
d) Longe dos olhos, longe do coração.
e) Em terra de cego, quem tem um olho é rei.
a) competir
b) concordar
c) compartilhar
d) tornar–se
e) cortar (qualquer tipo de relação)
Prefiro ir de carro.
a) I like cars.
b) I dislike cars.
c) I always go by car.
d) I'd rather go by car.
e) I don't have a car.
143
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
006 | UFRS 1997 010 | UEL 1996
The expressions immediately off and were off, in the Assinale a tradução correta da frase entre aspas:
sentence below, mean respectively:
- "Can you tell me how to get there?"
There were four last stragglers who stopped to examine a - Of course I can.
small dogwood immediately off the terrace, but one of our
dogs barked in the distant kennels and the deer were off a) Você pode me dizer como se consegue isso lá?
into the woods. b) Quem pode me contar como se faz isso?
c) Você pode me ensinar o caminho?
a) close to – went away d) Como se pode ir de lá para cá?
b) approximately – far off e) Você consegue atravessar para o outro lado?
c) in – gathered
d) nearby – far away 011 | UEL 1996
e) together – jumped Assinale a versão correta da frase a seguir:
144
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
015 | PUCCAMP 1994 020 | JFS 2010
Assinale a letra correspondente à alternativa que preenche - How many students are there in the classroom?
corretamente as lacunas da frase apresentada. - A BAKER’S DOZEN.
145
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
025 | JFS 2012 029 | JFS 2012
Fill in the gaps meaningfully:
a) organized
Adapted from http://3.bp.blogspot.com/
b) disposed
c) received – No cartun acima, a expressão hit the sack poderia ser
d) placed substituída por:
e) educated
a) turn in.
027 | AFA 2004 – ADAPTED b) sleep over.
Among eighteen recorded CD’s by the London Starlight c) stretch my legs.
Orchestra, eleven are dedicated to some good movies. They d) pull back.
are considered veracious musical photographs as part of the e) fork out.
story of cinema. “Take My Breath Away”, from Moroder and
Witlock, is the love theme of the remarkable movie “Top 030 | JFS 2010
Gun” and also from the album that contains more than “Although the risk of a double-dip recession is still
seventeen of the same type. significant, it is not the most likely scenario,” said Diane
Swonk, chief economist at Mesirow Financial. “Moreover,
According to the title of the song mentioned in the text there are no silver bullets when it comes to fueling
above, what´s the best definition for the lover´s feeling? employment.
a) you keep air my lungs and not let it out. – The expressions in bold can be defined respectively as:
b) you make me feel shocked by surprise.
c) you make me feet brand new. a) The worst-case scenario the economy of a country may
d) you hold my breath deeply face – A doubtful solution
b) When the economy moves back into a deeper and longer
028 | JFS 2012 recession – An impossible solution
Parker's fun at parties, but his brother's a wet blanket. c) A recession twice stronger than the previous one – A
solution that seems magical
– A partir da sentença acima, podemos concluir que o irmão d) A recession followed by a short-lived recovery, followed
de Parker é, em inglês: by another recession – A complete solution to a large
problem
a) a faint-hearted Guy. e) A recession that will be twice longer than the previous
b) a timid person. one – A definitive solution to a huge problem
c) a gatecrasher.
d) a killjoy.
e) a miserable man. “A positive attitude may not solve all your problems,
but it will annoy enough people to make it worth the effort.”
Herm Albright
146
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
004 | EFOMM 2004
Synonyms and Antonyms Regarding the impact the lady’s appearance caused, the
word breathless in verse 16 means:
001 | EFOMM 2003
In “I’m enjoying a peasant life now. I’ve moved out of a) simple.
London”, the underlined word means: b) light.
c) unimportant.
a) easy d) remarkable.
b) rich e) awful.
c) fancy
d) country 005 | JFS 2009
e) weird In the sentences “The police, firefighters and other
emergency personnel joined about 150 volunteers” and
002 | EFOMM 2003 “Most of the injured passengers were able to walk out of the
Which word could replace the underlined word without a station, but about 20 were carried out on red stretchers”,
change of meaning? the word about cannot be replaced by:
147
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
008 | EFOMM 2005 013 | JFS 2010
In “On TV and radio, in print and over the Internet, news is He may have competed in one of the most passionate
everywhere. But are we better informed or just derbies on the planet as a player, led a team at the FIFA
overwhelmed?”, the underlined word means: World Cup™ and be the most successful manager in the
history of British football, but even Sir Alex Ferguson has
a) interested. admitted that he was shaking the first time he met Nelson
b) agape. Mandela. "We also met him two years ago and were invited
c) worn out. to his house and it was amazing how relaxed he was. He
d) familiar. really seemed to be enjoying himself, which was great to
e) tight. see. He is a truly amazing man".
009 | EFOMM 2006 – In the fragment above, the word amazing cannot be
Psychologists say kids are being robbed of time they need replaced by:
for connecting with their parents and siblings.
a) gruesome.
a) colleagues b) fascinating.
b) partners c) incredible.
c) relatives d) stunning.
d) friends e) wonderful.
e) brother or sister
014 | JFS 2010
010 | EFOMM 2008 In the sentence “Researchers conducting tests in the harsh
Communication is embedded within culture and therefore environment of Mono Lake in California have discovered the
culturally orientated. first known microorganism on Earth able to thrive and
reproduce using the toxic chemical arsenic”, the words in
– The word embedded means: bold can be replaced, respectively, by:
148
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
017 | EFOMM 2010 – ADAPTED 020 | IME 2010
Read the following sentences: The word underlined in the sentence “That incident, which
took place on 7 November 2007, exhibits many of the
1. NATO warships and helicopters pursued Somali pirates for hallmarks of the missions in Iraq and Afghanistan ...” can be
seven hours and the highspeed chase only ended when replaced by which of the following expressions, still keeping
warning shots were fired at the pirates’ skiff. the same meaning?
– Which option contains words that replace with accuracy – A synonym for the word ‘flee’ is
the following words that are underlined in the text
respectively: SKIFF – EVASIVE – THWARTED – RAMPANT: a) arrive
b) investigate
a) vessel – elusive – avoided – increasing c) run away
b) small boat – dangerous – facilitated – violent d) meet
c) yacht – ambiguous – planned – violent e) face
d) small boat – elusive – prevented – uncontrolled
e) vessel – dangerous – spoilt – increasing 022 | JFS 2010
Among the hundreds of thousands of leaked State
018 | EFOMM 2010 Department documents were candid and often unflattering
In the fragment “… naval officers hailed the pirates over assessments of foreign leaders. The classified diplomatic
loudspeakers and finally fired warning shots to stop them”, cables were released Sunday by online whistle-blower
the word highlighted could be accurately replaced with: WikiLeaks. The massive release of material intended for
diplomatic eyes only is sure to ruffle feathers in foreign
a) alerted capitals since the cables contain many tart comments.
b) threatened
c) called In the sentence “The cables contain many tart comments”,
d) informed the words in bold mean respectively the same as:
e) advised
a) wires and sharp.
019 | IME 2010 b) information and luscious.
Modern buildings incorporate exciting forms with glittering c) links and caustic.
façades and compelling interior spaces. Surveying for these d) messages and sour.
projects requires sophisticated computation, aggressive e) chains and bitter.
quality control and close interaction with construction
teams. 023 | JFS 2010
The revolutionary war hero and outstanding silversmith
– Tick the alternative that corresponds to “glittering”, still made the Sons of Liberty silver bowl in the case.
keeping the same meaning of the sentence.
– The word outstanding cannot be defined as:
a) glossing
b) gliding a) impressive.
c) gladding b) remarkable.
d) gluing c) stunning.
e) gloating d) feeble.
e) striking.
149
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
024 | JFS 2010 a) fairly
Give the correct sequence of synonyms for the highlighted b) doubtfully
words in the excerpt below: c) faithfully
d) steadily
Egypt’s tough 82-year-old president, in charge for the past e) eventually
three decades, now says he will go – but only at the end of
his term in September, with dignity and with a subtle threat 028 | JFS 2011
that if he does not get his way, things could turn uglier still. The conditions for the agreement were very austere.
a) sturdy – turn – slight – become – Which of the following options cannot be used to replace
b) strong – shift – tenuous – change into the underlined word?
c) healthy – cycle – faint – shift
d) stiff – spell – fine – grow into a) severe
e) frail – span – quiet – develop b) harsh
c) strict
025 | ITA 2007 d) feeble
Even after adding in the 16 ovens and coffee machines in the e) relentless
galley, plus the electronic navigation, communications and
avionics systems, we will still be well short of the electrical 029 | ITA 2009 – ADAPTED
system on board the advanced jets that will go into service At the Eucentre, a research site cofounded by the Italian Civil
between 2006 and 2010. Protection Department in Pavia, Italy, a young engineer dons
a firefighter’s uniform that has been in testing for six
– A expressão to be well short of pode ser substituída por: months. (...) Though the technology was pioneered in the
U.S., the Europeans have taken the reins in a bid to revitalize
a) to be far from. their traditional-textile industry, which has been hammered
b) to be adequately supplied with. by Asian competition. “We want to develop state-of-the-art
c) to be below the limit. know-how that can’t be found in Asia,” says Andreas
d) to be close. Lymberis, a scientific officer with the European Commission
e) to be left off. who has championed smart textiles.
a) I. constantly II. provided by III. complication IV. likely Na sentença acima, o vocábulo grifado poderia ser
b) I. completely II. derived from III. risk IV. nearly substituído por:
c) I. generally II. made by III. infection IV. almost
d) I. slightly II. exhaled by III. loss IV. around a) far away.
e) I. totally II. produced by III. problem IV. exactly b) incredible.
c) much.
027 | JFS 2012 d) distant.
Give a synonym for the underlined word in the sentence e) many.
below:
150
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
031 | ITA 2012 033 | AFA 2012
This Janus-like quality is true of all intelligence services, I Observe the fragment taken from the blues Blow Wind Blow
suppose, but I have never seen an organization quite like the (Muddy Waters, Paul Butterfield):
ISI. It is at once very secretive and very open, yet ISI officials
get especially peeved at the charge of duplicity: “I cannot go When the sun rose this morning,
on defending myself forever, even when I am not doing what I didn’t have my baby by my side.
I am blamed for,”‖wrote one of my ISI contacts, after I had When the sun rose this morning,
written a column noting the organization’s “double game” I didn’t have my baby by my side.
with the U.S. “I shall do what I think is good for PAKISTAN, I don’t know where she was,
my country. I am sure you will do the same for US.” I know she’s out with some another guy.
– A opção cujo significado mais se aproxima do vocábulo – In the context of the song, the word when can be
peeved (linha 4) é: substituted for:
a) mistrustful. a) while.
b) challenged. b) even though.
c) irritated. c) considering that.
d) worried. d) by the time.
e) encouraged.
034 | EEAR 2008
032 | ITA 2011 The underlined word in the sentence below means:
Leia a seguinte imagem:
– The appropriate response to “How are you?” that anyone
expects to hear is an automatic “I’m fine”.
a) wish
b) answer
c) excuse
d) greeting
a) cultures.
b) behaviour.
c) information.
d) conceptions.
Adapted from http://www.gocomics.com/tomtoles
036 | EFOMM 2013
– A palavra breakthrough, na charge, tem o mesmo sentido Major accidents have often been the catalysts for key
changes.
de:
151
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
037 | IME 2013
What word could replace queasy in “well, the very thought
2ND Part | Reading Skills
makes publishers queasy”, without changing the meaning of and General Review
the sentence?
Is ‘Facebook’, the social networking website,
a) sick making us narcissist? A new book argues we’re much more
b) fussy self-absorbed nowadays, stating that technology is to blame.
c) delighted I tweet, therefore I am. Or is it, I tweet, therefore I am
d) obliging insufferable? As if adult celebrities that pop out on the red
e) angry carpets weren’t clue enough, we now have statistical
evidence that we are a lot more in love with ourselves than
038 | ITA 2013 we used to be. This social phenomenon has raised fields of
Na sentença “When you find the strength to act in the face research to academic studies nowadays. In the book ‘The
of uncertainty, you till the soil of genius”, o vocábulo till tem Narcissism Epidemic: Living in the Age of Entitlement’, Jean
o mesmo significado de: M. Twenge, a professor of psychology at San Diego State
University, and W. Keith Campbell, a social psychologist at
a) crop. the University of Georgia, look to the Narcissistic Personality
b) until. Inventory, which measures self-regard, materialism, and lack
c) stir. of empathy. They found that the number of college students
d) cultivate. scoring high on the test has risen by 30 percent since the
e) still. early 1980’s.
a) technology
b) narcissism
c) materialism
d) psychology
e) entitlement
152
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
003 | IME 2011 Okay, we realize it could be for Rogue 24's own
The text states that human beings instinctively: protection. __________, their carefully-protected “Journey”
menu runs 24 courses and takes three hours to serve (and
a) provoke opportunities and threats to other human beings. eat). And surely hours of preparation go into each meal,
b) move towards that which threatens them. providing apt backing for the intense cancellation
c) react to sudden changes they experience. restrictions. Imagine if photos from such a storied menu
d) interrupt work and family life. appeared on Twitter? The horror!
e) undermine bursts of information. But really, no matter how delectable the menu
might be, since when is a simple meal run like a business
004 | AFA 1998 deal? You might want to call your lawyer before planning
“Can you tell a green field from a cold steel rail?” your night out at Rogue 24. It's only fair.
(Excerpt from Pink Floyd’s Wish you were here lyrics)
Adapted from http://newsfeed.time.com/
– The questions asks:
005 | JFS 2011
a) if you can tell a story about the field and the cold steel Infere-se a partir da leitura do texto que:
rail.
b) if you are able to say how to go from the green field to a) a multa por um eventual cancelamento de reserva no
the rail road. restaurante Rogue 24 pode chegar a 175 dólares, por
c) if you know one difference between the green and the pessoa, caso o aviso não seja feito com no mínimo 72h antes
cold steel rail. do dia marcado.
d) if you are able to see how different is a green field from a b) não é permitido o uso de equipamentos eletrônicos
cold steel rail. dentro do restaurante em virtude do receio que haja
vazamento de certas técnicas utilizadas pelos chefs do
Want a Reservation at One Hot D.C. Restaurant? estabelecimento durante a confecção dos pratos.
Prepare to Sign a Contract c) a assinatura de contratos no ato de se fazer uma reserva é
uma prática que se torna cada vez mais comum nos
The restaurant may have Rogue in its name, but the melhores restaurantes norte-americanos.
joint certainly looks to keep its patrons in line. d) o restaurante, localizado em Washington, solicita o
Many elite eateries have strict policies on número do cartão de crédito do cliente para garantir que o
cancellations and photography, but Rogue 24 has taken pagamento da reserva seja feito antes do dia marcado.
what's usually an implicit verbal contract to a binding level. e) o autor não concorda com a política adotada pelo
That's right, get your pen out. restaurante Rogue 24 em fazer seus clientes assinarem
Rogue 24, headed by chef R.J. Cooper, fuses the contratos no ato de se fazer uma reserva.
eating experience with an intense visual adventure – after
all, it's housed in a grungy D.C. alley surrounded by 006 | JFS 2011
dilapidated buildings. But the 2-page contract diners must Assinale a opção correta:
sign along with their reservation calls up air of pretension.
a) o vocábulo patron (linha 2) equivale semanticamente a
Eater DC provides a look at the binding document
owner.
which includes a ban on photography and cell phones during
b) o vocábulo strict (linha 3) pode ser substituído por
dinner. They cite the attempt to create an environment
austere.
“free of distraction” – to focus on the food, right? It's worth
c) o vocábulo binding (linhas 5 e 12) pode ser traduzido
noting that the kitchen is in the middle of the restaurant.
“insensato”.
That should provide clamor enough to steal the attention of
d) a expressão up to (linha 24) pode ser substituída por as
even the most tuned-out diners.
far as.
Their stated cancellation policy is a demand even
e) a expressão on the hook (linha 26) significa “na lista
more intense than keeping your phone and camera stashed
negra”.
during dinner. You can cancel your reservation 72 hours
before with no penalties. Fair. But when breaking it within 007 | JFS 2011
that three-day window, prepare to face the penalty. You can A lacuna presente no 6º parágrafo deve ser corretamente
cancel up to 3 p.m. on the day of your reservation with only preenchida por:
a 50% penalty. After 3 p.m. or a no-show to dinner? Rogue
24 doesn't care – they'll put you on the hook for the full a) Inasmuch as
price. That's up to $175 per person (if you choose the 24 b) Afterwards
courses with wine pairing). But how? Simple. Rogue 24 asks c) After all
for your credit card number on the contract, so they've got d) Instead
you on the hook. e) Actually
153
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
008 | JFS 2011 With a new computing application in hand, B.J.
As receitas do restaurante Rogue 24 devem ser Fogg's Persuasive Technology: Using Computers to Change
extremamente saborosas. What We Think and Do gives you advice on its
implementation. To Fogg, who launched Stanford's
– Qual o equivalente, em inglês, para o vocábulo em negrito Persuasive Technology Lab and who holds seven patents in
na sentença acima. the area of UI* design, a web site must first be credible to be
persuasive. Fogg has coined the term "captology" to
a) Receipts. describe this branch of the study of computers. From the
b) Recipes. book's "Introduction:"
c) Prescriptions. Captology focuses on the design, research, and
d) Guidelines. analysis of interactive computing products created for the
e) Instructions. purpose of changing people's attitudes or behaviors.
It is the computer's ability to provide interactivity
Persuading Leonardo that gives its applications an advantage over other forms of
media.
Although both Ben Shneiderman's Leonardo's Persuasive Technology describes three basic roles
Laptop: Human Needs and the New Computing Technologies that computers play: the computer as a tool, as media, and
and B.J. Fogg's Persuasive Technology: Using Computers to as a social actor. Further, there are seven types of
Change What We Think and Do are written by academics, persuasive tools described by Fogg. Such tools persuade by
the books transcend academia to provide a different view of simplifying, tunneling (guiding), customizing, being there at
the Internet's potential. Shneiderman prepares the the right time, removing tedium, rewarding after
groundwork for what he calls the "new computing," while observation, and reinforcing proper behavior. As media,
Fogg describes how to make that computing persuasive. computers can modify behavior by simulating new
The idea behind Leonardo's Laptop is a endeavors. As a social actor, computers persuade through
consideration of what Leonardo da Vinci would demand praise. However, no matter the role, to persuade, the
from a laptop computer and what he would do with it. To application must be credible.
Shneiderman, who is founding director of the Human- Perhaps the most interesting parts of Fogg's book
Computer Interaction Lab at the University of Maryland, the are the two chapters that discuss the ways in which
new computing puts users first. Shneiderman begins with a computer applications destroy their own credibility and
brief history of computing and computer applications, what an application or web site must do to be considered,
declaring that, "These founders of the old computing by its users, trustworthy. According to Fogg, a computing
overcame technological limitations to build impressive device or application is perceived to be credible only if it is
projects and then turned to producing tools for themselves, first perceived as believable — trustworthiness based on
giving little thought to the needs of other users." Although expertise. In brief, an application is trustworthy if it is
not a founder, I admit to being of the old computing thought to be fair and unbiased. It is trustworthy if its author
generation. I programmed in dead languages such as IBM's or origin is thought to be skilled and knowledgeable. The
1401 Autocoder and 360 Assembler before progressing to crux of the issue is that credibility matters.
Cobol and RPG. I have now learned Visual Basic and C++, and Both books are thoroughly documented and both
I can report that there is nothing intrinsic to any of these are excellent points of departure for a more detailed inquiry
languages that center a programmer's focus on those who into the available material. If both books are taken to heart,
use their applications. The new computing is not about using computers and their applications will become
languages but, as Shneiderman suggests, about enjoyable and satisfying.
understanding human activities and human relationships.
With Leonardo as both creator and user, his laptop * U.I. - User Inteface
will enable greater creativity and grander goals. This book
goads you with ideas for applications in e-learning, e- D. Wohlbruck, Dr Dobb’s Journal, January, 2004.
business, e-healthcare, and e-government. Each area is built
around a framework for technology innovation that 009 | ITA 2009
Shneiderman calls the "four circles of relationships" and the Indique o gênero, em inglês, ao qual o texto acima pertence.
"four stages of activities." (…)
Although the mental picture of Leonardo with a a) summary
notebook computer excites the imagination, as a literary b) review
device, it does not wear well as the book progresses. c) essay
Nonetheless, Shneiderman achieves the objective of d) abstract
Leonardo's Laptop — creating a foundation for the new e) report
computing.
154
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
010 | ITA 2009
Considere as seguintes afirmações.
– Está(ão) correta(s)
a) apenas a I.
b) apenas a II.
c) apenas a III.
d) apenas I e II.
e) apenas I e III.
155
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
Looking for love? Formula isn't online, report says If you’re looking for love online, Finkel says, your
best bet is to save your money and stick with the less-
If you’re bemoaning the lack of a Valentine, chances expensive websites in which you browse profiles, as
are you’ve turned to what seem like a gazillion dating opposed to those that try to make matches for you.
websites for help. But, warns Finkel, who met his wife the old-
Buyer beware, though, caution a team of fashioned way through a fix-up arranged by their
psychologists who’ve just published a lengthy report about grandmothers, “get offline fairly quickly, because you’re
online dating, now a billion-dollar industry. never going to be able to figure out from a profile and some
“There are sites that will tell you, ‘based on decades emails whether you’re compatible with somebody.”
of scientific research and basic math, we can find your
compatible mate for you,’” says lead author Eli Finkel, an Adapted from http://todayhealth.today.msnbc.msn.com/
associate professor of social psychology at Northwestern
University. “That’s a pretty tantalizing offer.” 015 | JFS 2012
The problem, Finkel says, is that these websites Os termos bemoaning (1º parágrafo), tantalizing (3º
have no scientific evidence to back up their claims that they parágrafo), ranging (11º parágrafo) e fairly (16º parágrafo)
can find your soulmate. podem ser substituídos, respectivamente, por:
Well of course they don’t. Science and romance go
together like Demi and Ashton, right? a) lamenting, fascinating, fluctuating e scantily.
Actually, Finkel says, scientists have been studying b) regretting, teasing, varying e pretty.
relationships for 80 years or so. And one thing is clear: It’s c) complaining, charming, wandering e willingly.
impossible to determine that two people have what it takes d) weeping for, harassing, stretching e barely.
to maintain a long-term relationship before they’ve even e) gloating, taunting, reaching e quite.
met.
Research has shown that three types of information 016 | JFS 2012
are needed to predict whether a couple will fall in love and Levando em consideração o contexto, preencha correta e
stay in love, Finkel says. coerentemente a lacuna presente no 14º parágrafo:
One is demographics. It helps if a potential mate is
age – and geographically appropriate. a) each other
A second, says Finkel: “What are the actual dynamics b) one another
between two people who have met?” c) themselves
And last, “What are the life circumstances that d) them
affect the couple?” Finkel says. “There’s no way they could e) everyone
possibly know that a hurricane or a cancer diagnosis or a
sexy coworker is around the corner.” 017 | JFS 2012
Probably the best-known matchmaking website is De acordo com o texto, marque o item correto.
eHarmony.com, which charges $59.95 for a month’s
subscription. eHarmony asks clients approximately 250 a) Os sites de relacionamento utilizam eficientes métodos
questions about 29 “dimensions of compatibility,” ranging matemáticos para relacionarem os usuários com os
from conflict resolution to kindness to ambition. eHarmony’s parceiros mais possivelmente equivalentes.
“matching algorithm” is proprietary, so the company did not b) Ciência e romance são completamente incompatíveis, daí
share it with Finkel and his coauthors. a ineficiência dos sites de relacionamento.
In a statement, spokeswoman Becky Teraoka said c) Os psicólogos que realizaram o estudo feito sobre os sites
the proof of eHarmony’s success is in the numbers. On de relacionamento concluíram que é impossível determinar
average, she said, 542 people marry in the U.S. each day as a o grau de compatibilidade entre duas pessoas antes delas se
result of being matched on eHarmony, according to a 2009 conhecerem pessoalmente.
study conducted for the website by Harris Interactive. d) Os fatores determinantes, utilizados pelos sites de
“eHarmony’s matching system is based on years of relacionamento, para que duas pessoas se apaixonem e
empirical and clinical research on married couples,” Teraoka tenham uma união duradoura são idade, proximidade
said. “As part of this work, we have studied what aspects of geográfica, dinamismo conjugal e questões circunstanciais.
personality, values and interest, and how pairs match on e) Eli Finkel e sua equipe não tiveram acesso ao algoritmo
them, are most predictive of relationship satisfaction.” utilizado pelo site de relacionamentos eHarmony.
157
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
022 | EFOMM 2012 But when they have excessive faith in these models,
Extract 2 explains that the North Pacific Garbage Patch: it's not justified. Math starts with assumptions; the real
world does not work that way. Economics, which calls itself a
a) was formed after the Japanese tsunami. science, too often doesn't start with looking at empirical
b) will reach the shores of the US West Coast. facts in any great detail. Fifteen years ago even the idea of
c) is formed by the garbage dumped on US shores. looking at huge amounts of data did not exist. With a limited
d) is formed by the accumulation of garbage in the ocean. amount of data, the chance of a rare event is very low,
e) releases debris that will eventually end up in Baja which gave some economists a false sense of security that
California. long-tail events did not exist.
Wall Street's wild swings last week helped skew Why do you argue that financial markets are ruled not by
both retirement portfolios and mathematical models of the Gaussian functions but by power laws — relations in which
financial markets. After all, a standard Gaussian function — the frequency of one event varies as a power of some
attribute of that event and are generally more L-shape than
a bell curve — would predict that such extreme dips and
rises would be exceedingly rare and not prone to following bell shape?
one after the other on succeeding days. For anything that is random and fluctuating, like a
Gaussian functions might be able to describe the financial market, a Gaussian function is a wonderful way to
distribution of grades in a big college class, with most make a histogram of the outcome. If the things that
students getting, say, B–/C+, and enable you to predict how fluctuate are not correlated at all with __________ (III), then
many students will get A's or fail. But evidently, they do a it's demonstrable that a Gaussian function is the correct
poor job at explaining steep fluctuations in stock prices, histogram. The catch is: in a financial market, everything is
__________ (I) some economists and modelers think they correlated. The proof of that is that if the stock market were
are the best tool available to describe financial markets. Gaussian, then you'd never have a flash crash*. (…)
So can any math accurately describe market
behavior and enable you to beat it? To find out, Scientific Adapted from http://www.scientificamerican.com/
American spoke with statistical physicist H. Eugene Stanley
of Boston University, a proponent of applying the * The Flash Crash was a United States stock market crash on
approaches and concepts of physics to economics. May 6, 2010 in which the Dow Jones Industrial Average
Can mathematical models beat markets? plunged about 900 points — or about nine percent — only
to recover those losses within minutes. (From Wikipedia)
They haven't yet. Science is about empirical fact.
There is no question that optimistic people think they can 023 | JFS 2011
beat the market, but they don't do it consistently with H. Eugene Stanley:
mathematical models. No model can consistently predict the
future. It can't possibly be. a) acredita que a aplicabilidade da função gaussiana para se
So what can math predict? fazer previsões sobre o comportamento dos mercados
financeiros é válida, porém falha.
What you can do is predict the risk of a given event. b) acredita que o método utilizado pelas companhias de
The risk just means the chance that something bad will seguro para fazer previsões pode ser aplicado ao mercado
happen, for example. That you can do with increasing financeiro de maneira mais eficiente do que os métodos
accuracy because we have more and more data. It's like vigentes.
insurance companies: they cannot tell you when you are c) acredita que a fé depositada pelos economistas, que
going to die, but they can predict the risk that you will die utilizam a análise quantitativa para fazer transações
given the right information. You can do the same thing with comerciais, em seus modelos não é justificada.
stocks. If you lose less, you get ahead of those __________ d) acredita que a falsa sensação de segurança, sentida pelos
(II) lose more. economistas, é justificada pela grande quantidade de dados
Why do economists and "quants" — those who use estatísticos que eles costumam coletar sobre os mercados
quantitative analysis to make financial trades — have such financeiros.
faith in their mathematical models then? e) acredita que a aplicação da função gaussiana na análise
dos mercados financeiros faria com que o cenário de ocorrer
If they're just to reduce risk, then they're very um flash crash fosse menos provável.
valuable. If you're worried, for example, about the segment
of the Chinese economy that deals with steel, you make a
model of what that whole market is all about and then you
see if we did this what would likely happen. They're right
some of the time. It's better than nothing.
158
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
024 | JFS 2011 028 | AFA 2011
As lacunas I, II e III, presentes no texto, devem ser The text affirms that:
preenchidas, respectivamente, por:
a) days of Apartheid were extinguished as well as the
a) I. although – II. which – III. one another prejudice against black football players.
b) I. however – II. who – III. each other b) the pioneers of profession football in South Africa were
c) I. although – II. who – III. one another basically white.
d) I. however – II. whom – III. each other c) there are no more organizations (professional or amateur)
e) I. although – II. whom – III. one another like the ones from the past.
d) in early 50’s in South Africa there weren’t amateur
025 | JFS 2011 football clubs anymore.
De acordo com o texto:
a) How to Cope with the Financial Markets’ Crisis? a) pretends to improve the world.
b) The Stock Markets’ Flash Crash b) has more ambitious purposes than the others.
c) Economy & Mathematics: How to Join Forces and Solve c) wants to have control over the Roman, Genghis Kan’s, and
Crises? British Empires.
d) The Financial Markets’ Mathematical Revolution d) mustn’t be considered an empire.
e) Can Math Beat Financial Markets?
With the 2014 World Cup being awarded to Brazil, it
When football __________ professional in South could be easily argued that football is going home. Ok, so
Africa in 1959, 12 clubs broke from the amateur ranks. football originated in Britain and we invented the game but
However, in the strict days of Apartheid, these pioneers the Brazilians have perfected it. They’ve taken the game to
_____ whites-only organizations and __________ today, all their hearts and elevated it to the extent that it is a religion
but a few, defunct. One of the survivors is Arcadia from to the people. The blue and yellow clad players of Brazil
Tshwane/ Pretoria, an outfit that today competes in the have given us some memorable moments and play the game
amateur ranks and concentrates on junior football. with a style and rhythm that no other nation on earth seems
capable of. The game is played to a samba beat that runs
Adapted from http://www.fifa.com/worldcup through the heart and soul of the entire country. When they
are on song, they are unstoppable and people the world
027 | AFA 2011 over clamour to see them play. Chances are, if you asked
Mark the alternative which completes the gaps from the text people to name the team they want to see win aside from
correctly. their own it would be the magicians from Brazil.
a) had gone – have been – were
Adapted from http://www.footballworldcupbrazil2014.com/
b) went – were – are
c) have been – have been – would be
d) was – had been – will be
159
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
030 | JFS 2011 033 | JFS 2011
O autor do texto acredita que: The couple in the cartoon:
By Charles Kenny
160
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
Too much TV has been associated with violence, Why Urban, Educated Parents Are Turning to DIY Education
obesity and social isolation. But TV is having a positive
impact on the lives of billions worldwide, and as the spread They raise chickens. They grow vegetables. They knit. Now a
of mobile TV, video cameras and YouTube democratize both new generation of urban parents is even teaching their own
access and content, it will become an even greater force for kids.
humbling tyrannical governments and tyrannical husbands
alike.
a) a TV se tornará um meio ainda mais importante para In the beginning, your kids need you – a lot. They’re
enfraquecer governos e maridos tirânicos. attached to your hip, all the time. It might be a month. It
b) a TV possibilitará melhoras na educação dos adultos, might be five years. Then suddenly you are __________ (I) to
principalmente no desenvolvimento das habilidades de send them off to school for seven hours a day, where they’ll
leitura. have to cope with life in ways they never had to before. You
c) a TV continuará exercendo um impacto positivo nos países no longer control what they learn, or how, or with whom.
em desenvolvimento. Unless you decide, like an emerging population of
d) a TV propiciará a diminuição da obesidade, da violência e parents in cities across the country, to forgo that age-old rite
do isolamento social. of passage entirely.
e) a TV trará melhoras para a vida de mulheres afegãs. When Tera and Eric Schreiber’s oldest child was
about to start kindergarten, the couple toured the
035 | ITA 2011 __________ (II) public elementary school a block away from
Sobre a presença da TV no mundo, o texto informa que: their home in an affluent Seattle neighborhood near the
University of Washington. It was “a great neighborhood
a) em países em desenvolvimento, haverá mais aparelhos de school,” Tera says. They also applied to a private school, and
TV do que pessoas até 2013. Daisy was accepted. But in the end they chose a third path:
b) até 2013, mais de 2/3 das famílias, em todo o mundo, no school at all.
terão aparelhos de TV. Eric, 38, is a manager at Microsoft. Tera, 39, had
c) depois da queda do Talibã, a TV foi declarada ilegal e already traded a career as a lawyer for one as a nonprofit
poucos afegãos possuem um aparelho. executive, which allowed her more time with her kids. But
d) em 2005, nos países em desenvolvimento, o número de “more” turned into “all” when she decided that instead of
televisores diminuiu drasticamente. working, she would homeschool her daughters: Daisy, now
e) nos países que possuem o maior número de televisores, o 9; Ginger, 7; and Violet, 4.
acesso à Internet também é proporcionalmente maior. We think of homeschoolers as evangelicals or off-
the-gridders who spend a lot of time at kitchen tables in the
036 | ITA 2011 countryside. And it’s true that most __________ (III) parents
Segundo o texto, um dos impactos que a TV a cabo trouxe do so for moral or religious reasons. But education observers
para a vida das mulheres indianas foi que elas: believe that is changing. You only have to go to a downtown
Starbucks or art museum in the middle of a weekday to see
a) passaram a gostar de ir ao mercado sem a permissão de that a once-unconventional choice “has become newly
seus maridos. fashionable,” says Mitchell Stevens, a Stanford professor
b) ficaram menos propensas a preferir ter um filho a uma who wrote Kingdom of Children, a history of homeschooling.
filha. There are an estimated 300,000 homeschooled children in
c) se mostraram mais dispostas a fazer compras sozinhas. America’s cities, many of them children of secular, highly
d) ainda acham que os maridos têm o direito de agredir suas educated professionals who always figured they’d send their
esposas, apesar de já criticarem esta prática. kids to school – until they came to think, Hey, maybe we
e) não gostam mais de tomar decisões sobre os cuidados could do better.
com a saúde das crianças.
161
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
When Laurie Block Spigel, a homeschooling 037 | JFS 2012
consultant, pulled her kids out of school in New York in the Preencha as lacunas I, II, III, IV e V correta e coerentemente:
mid-1990s, “I had some of my closest friends and relatives
telling me I was ruining my children’s lives.” Now, she says, a) I. expecting – II. high-achieving – III. homeschooling – IV.
“the parents that I meet aren’t afraid to talk about it. upbringing – V. breast-fed
They’re doing this proudly.” b) I. expecting – II. highly-achieved – III. homeschooling – IV.
Many of these parents feel that city schools – or any upbringing – V. breast-fed
schools – don’t provide the kind of education they want for c) I. expected – II. highly-achieving – III. homeschooled – IV.
their kids. Just as much, though, their choice to homeschool upbrought – V. breast-feeding
is a more extreme example of a larger modern parenting d) I. expected – II. high-achieving – III. homeschooling – IV.
ethos: that children are individuals, each deserving a upbringing – V. breast-fed
uniquely curated __________ (IV). That peer influence can e) I. expected – II. high-achieving – III. homeschooled – IV.
be noxious. (Bullying is no longer seen as a harmless rite of upbringing – V. breast-feeding
passage.) That DIY – be it gardening, knitting, or raising
chickens – is something educated urbanites should embrace. 038 | JFS 2012
That we might create a sense of security in our kids by Segundo o texto:
practicing “attachment parenting,” an increasingly popular
approach that involves round-the-clock physical contact with a) os pais perdem o controle sobre os filhos quando estes
children and immediate responses to all their cues. começam a frequentar a escola.
Even many attachment adherents, though, may b) o ato de se enviar os filhos para a escola é considerado
have trouble envisioning spending almost all their time with um ritual completamente ultrapassado.
their kids – for 18 years! For Tera Schreiber, it was a natural c) as pessoas que normalmente optam pela educação fora
transition. When you have kept your kids so close, literally – da escola são evangélicas ou que vivem em áreas isoladas e,
she __________ (V) her youngest till Violet was 4 – it can be portanto, desprovidas de escolas.
a shock to send them away. d) é bastante comum encontrar pais que optaram pela
Tera’s kids didn’t particularly enjoy day care or educação fora da escola ensinando seus filhos em locadoras
preschool. The Schreibers wanted a “gentler system” for de filmes e museus.
Daisy; she was a perfectionist who they thought might worry e) o bullying está entre as principais causas que têm levado
too much about measuring up. They knew homeschooling muitos norte-americanos a tirarem seus filhos da escola e
families in their neighborhood and envied their easygoing educarem-nos em casa.
pace and flexibility – late bedtimes, vacations when
everyone else is at school or work. Above all, they wanted to 039 | JFS 2012
preserve, for as long as possible, a certain approach to Marque o item correto.
family.
Several homeschooling moms would first tell me, “I a) A educação domiciliar permite que os pais ensinem
know this sounds selfish,” and then say they feared that if atividades do dia-a-dia aos filhos.
their kids were in school, they’d just get the “exhausted b) O fato de se passar o dia todo com os filhos pode ter um
leftovers” at the end of the day. Says Rebecca Wald, a lado negativo: a possibilidade de se criar um indivíduo
Baltimore homeschooler, “Once we had a child and I realized inseguro e despreparado para o convívio em sociedade.
how fun it was to see her discover stuff about the world, I c) A flexibilidade da educação domiciliar permite às famílias
thought, why would I want to let a teacher have all that que optam por tal sistema que tenham mais períodos de
fun?” (…) férias do que as que adotam o método convencional.
For many of the homeschoolers I met, family is d) Os pais que escolheram a educação domiciliar como
more: the very focus of their lives. And they wouldn’t want it forma de ensinarem seus filhos são comumente taxados de
any other way. One comfort Tera and Eric Schreiber held on egoístas.
to when they started homeschooling was that if it wasn’t e) A criança educada a partir da educação domiciliar precisa
working out, they could enroll the girls in school, literally the ter seu desenvolvimento avaliado anualmente pelos pais.
next day. That developed into an annual reassessment. By
now their rhythms are deeply their own; they are embedded 040 | JFS 2012
in a community they love. And at the college up the road A opção que descreve a palavra secular (5º parágrafo) é:
there are plenty of calculus tutors, should they need them
one day. a) very old.
b) not having any connection with religion.
Adapted from http://www.thedailybeast.com/newsweek/ c) vastly experienced.
d) upper middle class.
e) skilled.
162
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
041 | JFS 2012 043 | ITA 2011
No 3º parágrafo, o vocábulo affluent pode ser definido Assinale uma característica, associada à Fórmula 1, que NÃO
como: foi considerada como essencial pelo anunciante.
a) wealthy. a) velocidade
b) cozy. b) compromisso
c) developing. c) precisão
d) peaceful. d) exigência
e) bustling. e) trabalho em equipe
www.dhl-brandworld.com/F1
163
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
047 | JFS 2012 Soon enough, say some engineers, miniature
A mensagem transmitida pela charge denota, em especial: wireless sensors will be located in spots where it would be
inconvenient, to say the least, to change their batteries –
a) Incoerência. inside your body, within the steel and concrete of buildings,
b) Contradição. in the dangerous innards of chemical plants. But today, even
c) Incerteza. the most robust nodes can be counted on to last only a few
d) Equívoco. years. Ideally, engineers need wireless sensors that can last
e) Afirmação. forever without external power sources or battery changes.
According to research presented in December at the
048 | JFS 2012 International Electron Devices Meeting, in Baltimore, that
O vocábulo rather, no 3º quadrinho, equivale a: dream is within reach.
164
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
a) on edge 055 | JFS 2012
b) in the neighborhood of No 1º parágrafo do texto, o vocábulo then, utilizado na
c) on the brink of construção then-manager, possui relação semântica com
d) in the vicinity of qual das seguintes opções?
e) surroundings
a) latter
Twenty years ago, when Paul McCartney turned b) former
50, he remembers his then-manager pushing the idea of c) so
retirement. "It's only right," he was told. "You really don't d) late
want to go beyond 50, it's going to get embarrassing." In e) still
June, McCartney will be 70 ("I'm never going to believe I'm
70, I don't care what you say," he says. "There's a little cell in 056 | JFS 2012
my brain that's never going to believe that"), and he still has A expressão on the cards (2º parágrafo) é utilizada pelo ex-
no plans to stop touring or recording. "You get the argument Beatle Paul McCartney para indicar que ele:
'Make way for the young kids,'" he says. "And you think,
'Forget that, let them make way for themselves. If they're a) não pensa em tirar férias.
better than me, they'll beat me.' Foo Fighters don't have a b) deseja tirar férias mais longas.
problem, they're good. They'll do their thing. c) considera a idéia de tirar mais férias.
"If you're enjoying it, why do something else? And d) sabe que precisa descansar mais.
what would you do? Well, a good answer is 'Take more e) pensa em aproveitar mais feriados.
holidays,' which is definitely on the cards, but I don't seem
to do that. I love what I do so much that I don't really want 057 | JFS 2012
to stop. I'm just kind of casually keeping an eye on how I De acordo com o texto:
feel, and onstage, it feels like it's always felt. So for the time
being, the band's hot, I'm really enjoying myself, still singing a) Paul McCartney não gosta do fato de estar prestes a
like I sang, not experiencing, touch wood, any sort of completar 70 anos.
problems to speak of. If it ain't broke, don't fix it." b) Faz 20 anos que Paul pensou pela última vez na hipótese
It doesn't hurt that his touring schedule has been de se aposentar.
reduced to shorter, intense bursts in recent years, largely c) A idéia de se aposentar e dedicar-se aos filhos não agrada
because of his shared-custody arrangement for his eight- a McCartney.
year-old, Beatrice. "We don't do the big sloggo tour, we d) O ex-Beatle não teme ser superado pelos artistas mais
don't do the big U2-Stones go-out-forever thing, and get a novos.
bit fed up with it," says McCartney, who's planning some e) Apesar de não gostar do Foo Fighters, McCartney respeita
dates for later this year. "What we do now is events and o trabalho da banda.
selective dates. Because of my custody situation, I can only
do that. At first, we thought, 'Oh, God, is this going to be a 058 | JFS 2012
problem?' and it's actually turned out to be some kind of a Consoante o texto, Paul McCartney:
blessing."
He can see himself rocking well into his eighties. "I a) costuma analisar seu trabalho no palco como forma de se
can imagine it," he says. "As to whether my imagination will autocriticar.
come true, I don't know. The last couple of years, I've gotten b) ao comentar sobre não ter problemas com sua voz,
into guitar – so there's all sorts of little things that crop up demonstra-se uma pessoa supersticiosa.
that entice you forward, and you go, 'Hmm, I'd like that.'" c) apesar de não demonstrar abertamente, lamenta o fato
I broach the idea of actually dying onstage – de não poder fazer turnês mais longas em virtude de sua
would he be into it? He recoils slightly, then smiles. "What filha mais nova.
kind of question is that? I must say, that's not in my d) planeja continuar tocando mesmo quando estiver um
imagination. Rocking on until a grand old age... the only roqueiro “oitentão”.
thing would be when it's not pleasant anymore, then it e) tem medo de estender sua carreira por tanto tempo que
would be 'That's a good time to stop.' But it's way too acabe por morrer durante uma apresentação.
pleasant at the moment. And it pays. Good gig, man. But I
know exactly where you're coming from, though. How long 059 | JFS 2012
can this go on...?" He's a desk-bound pen pusher who dreams of trekking
through jungles.
Adapted from http://www.rollingstone.com/
– Slightly altered – O homem descrito acima:
165
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
a) trabalha em um banco. 060 | ITA 2011
b) é funcionário público. De acordo com o título e o subtítulo do texto, avatares:
c) é um trabalhador de “colarinho branco”.
d) atua na área administrativa. a) proporcionam efeitos terapêuticos e ajudam a prevenir
e) tem um trabalho enfadonho. doenças como a fobia social.
b) são versões imaginárias e mais atraentes de nós mesmos.
Our Imaginary, Hotter Selves c) são mais confiáveis e, por isso, não despertam fobias.
Avatars might serve therapeutic purposes, d) têm uma proposta de entretenimento, que torna as
helping those with social phobia become more confident. pessoas mais sociáveis.
e) são mais confiáveis do que algumas propostas
By Sharon Begley terapêuticas disponíveis em nossa sociedade.
Anyone who has ever had a bad hair day, when 061 | ITA 2011
looking like a latter-day Medusa makes you feel cranky and Assinale a opção CORRETA.
antisocial and plodding, can sympathize with the Oakland
Raiders – and not because the players get helmet hair. The a) Os estudiosos da Universidade de Stanford não
Raiders alternated between mostly black and mostly white consideraram, em seus experimentos, a descoberta
uniforms, depending on whether they were playing at home realizada em 1988, cuja explicação ainda é controversa.
or away. Knowing that appearance affects people's mood b) Psicólogos ainda questionam se, de fato, a aparência afeta
and outlook, psychologists wondered whether uniform color o humor e opinião das pessoas.
influenced the Raiders' aggressiveness. Using data from the c) Jeremy Bailenson e Nick Yee afirmam que a aparência
1970s and 1980s, they found that the team racked up way transforma o modo como as pessoas nos tratam e disso
more penalty yards – a measure of aggression – when they depende a maneira como percebemos a nós mesmos.
wore black than when they wore white, for infractions both d) A aparência física afeta o comportamento das pessoas e
minor (encroachment) and major (roughing the kicker). The traz consequências para o mundo real e não apenas para o
pattern held even when the scientists took into account virtual.
different conditions and styles of play at home and away. e) O foco dos estudiosos está no figurino dos avatares e no
But while the 1988 finding has become a classic in modo como isso afeta a agressividade dos jogadores.
psychology, the explanation remains controversial. Do
referees, because of black's cultural baggage, see black-clad 062 | ITA 2011
players as meaner and badder than those in, say, baby blue? Assinale a opção em que o referente do pronome está
Or does wearing black make players see themselves as INCORRETO.
tougher and meaner – and therefore cause them to play that
way? a) they (linha 10) em they found that – raiders
Jeremy Bailenson and Nick Yee of Stanford b) they (linha 11) em they wore black – raiders
University had this and other classic studies in mind when c) those (linha 19) em than those in, say, baby blue? –
they started wondering about the effect of being able to players
alter one's appearance. They weren't going to study d) them (linha 21) em cause them to play – players
wardrobe choices, however. Their quarry is avatars, digital e) Their (linha 27) em their quarry – Bailenson and Yee’s
representations of players in such games as Second Life.
"Your physical appearance changes how people treat you," 063 | ITA 2011
says Bailenson. "But independent of that, when you perceive A measure of aggression (linha 11), encroachment (linha 13),
yourself in a certain way, you act differently." He and Yee roughing the kicker (linha 13) e digital representations of
call it "the Proteus effect," after the shape-changing Greek players (linhas 27/28) têm, respectivamente, valor
god. The effect of appearance on behavior, they find, carries semântico de:
over from the virtual world to the real one, with intriguing
consequences. (…) a) exemplificação – explicação – exemplificação – explicação
b) explicação – exemplificação – explicação – explicação
Adapted from http://www.newsweek.com. c) explicação – exemplificação – exemplificação –
Acesso em 5/6/2010. exemplificação
d) explicação – exemplificação – exemplificação – explicação
e) exemplificação – explicação – explicação – exemplificação
166
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
Cezanne Becomes Priciest Painting Ever 065 | JFS 2012
Qual dos seguintes pares de adjetivos pode formar o grau
superlativo da mesma forma que the most expensive e the
highest, respectivamente?
a) lavish – handsome
b) active – useful
c) famous – boring
d) tired – acid
e) eager – complex
167
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
068 | JFS 2012 THURSDAY, DECEMBER 16, 2010.
Qual dos seguintes verbos, retirados do texto, pode ser
sinônimo de to stroll? Newsweek Article: Bullying and Empathy
(Kate Altman, M.S.)
a) To take.
b) To approach.
c) To wander.
d) To zip.
e) To explore.
168
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
I’m not saying that the programs are not a Australia's hybrid shark reveals evolution in action
good idea. I imagine that they have a lot of benefits and
could especially help kids who would not necessarily be By John Roach
bullies themselves, but may have quietly stood by while
witnessing bullying, to become more confident about
standing up to/reporting bullies. However, to truly reduce
bullying, society and schools need to find ways to identify
and work with aggressive children and their families from a
young age — to troubleshoot factors (from not having basic
needs met, to divorce, to models of aggression in the home,
etc.) that contribute to triggering aggressive behavior. Such
an approach would be expensive and time-consuming and
would command a lot of schools’ resources, but it is hard to
imagine a more lightweight approach being nearly as
effective.
169
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
074 | JFS 2012 How warming is changing the wild kingdom
De acordo com o texto:
By Ker Than
a) cientistas australianos obtiveram êxito em sua pesquisa
sobre o cruzamento de tubarões de espécies diferentes. The planet is warming, humans are mostly to
b) após o sucesso obtido com a mistura de diferentes blame and plants and animals are going to dramatic lengths
espécies de tubarões, os cientistas australianos esperam to cope. That's the consensus of a number of recent studies
conseguir repetir o experimento com outros tipos de that used wildlife to gauge the extent of global warming and
animais. its effects.
c) apesar de não estar diretamente envolvido na pesquisa While the topic of climate change is contentious –
mencionada no texto, Bob Hueter teve um papel including whether the planet is actually heating up – a
fundamental para o sucesso dos estudos. growing number of documented shifts in traits and
d) foi preciso a pesquisa com os tubarões híbridos ter sido behaviors in the wild kingdom is leading many scientists to
produzida no laboratório de Bob Hueter para que o estudo conclude the world is changing in unnatural ways.
obtivesse credibilidade junto à comunidade científica. Among the changes: Marmots end their
e) é possível que a hibridização dos tubarões tenha ocorrido hibernations about three weeks earlier now compared to 30
em virtude da interferência humana no ecossistema dos years ago. Polar bears today are thinner and less healthy
animais. than those of 20 years ago. Many fish species are moving
northward in search of cooler waters. A fruitfly gene
075 | JFS 2012 normally associated with hot, dry conditions has spread to
Qual das referências a seguir está incorreta: populations living in traditionally cooler southern regions.
Over the past century, Earth's average
a) the finding (3º parágrafo) refere-se a hybrid sharks. temperature has risen by about 1 degree Fahrenheit and
b) me (4º parágrafo) refere-se a John Roach. many scientists believe greenhouse gases and carbon
c) his (5º parágrafo) refere-se a Bob Hueter. dioxide emissions from human activities are to blame. Left
d) which (5º parágrafo) refere-se a his lab. unattended, they warn, temperatures may rise by an
e) it (10º parágrafo) refere-se a the hybridization. additional 2-10 degrees by the end of the century. In the
leading computer models, it follows that polar ice will melt
076 | JFS 2012 and seas would rise drastically, threatening coastal
Assinale a opção em que a tradução do termo da coluna I communities around the globe. (…)
não corresponde ao termo da coluna II. Ecosystems and wildlife aren't the only things that
increasing temperatures will affect.
Coluna I Coluna II "Global warming is going to be a big stress to all
a) driven (1º parágrafo) estimulada animals, including Homo sapiens," said Terry Root, an
b) favors (2º parágrafo) prefere environmental science and policy professor at Stanford
c) overlaps (3º parágrafo) ultrapassa University.
d) offspring (3º parágrafo) filhotes A recent report issued by the Pew Center for Global
e) though (5º parágrafo) embora
Climate Change, a Virginia-based nonprofit organization,
warned that rising temperatures could exacerbate health
077 | JFS 2012 risks such as asthma for the elderly, the infirm and the poor,
Julgue os itens a seguir: and especially for those in poor countries.
Even if all pollution were stopped today, the climate
I. A preposição along (3º parágrafo) pode ser substituída por
will warm at least another degree by the year 2100 and seas
between.
will rise 4 inches (11 centimeters), according to one recent
II. Os vocábulos measurements (5º parágrafo) e measures
study. Another report says warming is unstoppable through
são equivalentes.
the year 2400. Despite the dire warnings, many scientists
III. O vocábulo spanning (6º parágrafo) pode ser traduzido
believe it may not be too late to reverse the trend.
como “abrangendo”.
The Pew report suggests creating transitional
IV. O vocábulo news (7º parágrafo) equivale a press.
habitats that link natural areas as a way to help migrating
– Agora, marque a opção correta: species. Also, alleviating other environmental stressors like
habitat destruction could help reduce their combined effects
a) Há apenas um item correto. with global warming.
b) Há apenas dois itens corretos. Root is encouraged by the fact that many cities are
c) Apenas os itens ímpares estão corretos. following higher environmental standards, even if state and
d) Apenas o item I está incorreto. national governments are dragging their feet.
e) Apenas o item IV está incorreto.
170
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
__________, she believes, it will be the relatively From the Amazon to the Himalayas, ten of the
small things that people do that will have the biggest impact: world’s greatest natural wonders face destruction if the
"Hummer sales, thank heaven, are dropping since gas prices climate continues to warm at the current rate, warns WWF.
have gone up, and hybrid [car] sales have gone up. It's that Released ahead of the International Panel on
type of stuff." Climate Change’s (IPCC’s) Second Working Group Report, a
WWF briefing – Saving the world's natural wonders from
Adapted from http://www.msnbc.msn.com/ climate change – reports on how the devastating impacts of
– with small alterations global warming are damaging some of the world’s greatest
natural wonders.
078 | JFS 2012 They include the: Amazon; Great Barrier Reef and
Consoante o texto, a questão da mudança climática é um other coral reefs; Chihuahua Desert in Mexico and the US;
assunto: hawksbill turtles in the Caribbean; Valdivian temperate
a) controverso. rainforests in Chile; tigers and people in the Indian
b) polêmico. Sundarbans; Upper Yangtze River in China; wild salmon in
c) delicado. the Bering Sea; melting glaciers in the Himalayas; and East
d) ultrapassado. African coastal forests.
“While we continue to pressure governments to
e) cansativo.
make meaningful cuts in heat-trapping greenhouse gas
079 | JFS 2012 emissions, we are also working on adaptation strategies to
Os vocábulos em negrito no texto podem ser substituídos offer protection to some of the world’s natural wonders as
respectivamente por: well as the livelihoods of the people who live there,” said Dr.
Lara Hansen, Chief Scientist of WWF’s Global Climate
a) endure – reckon – warning – terrific Change Programme.
b) survive – rate – enforcing – gruesome “We are trying to buy people and nature time, as
c) manage – figure out – menacing – serious actions to stop the root cause of climate change are taken.”
d) thrive – estimate – scaring – grave Faced with water shortages along the Yangtze River,
e) deal – survey – urging – sudden WWF is working in China with the government and local
authorities to help communities best adapt to climate
080 | JFS 2012 change impacts. This includes developing a climate witness
A lacuna presente no último parágrafo do texto deve ser project in the Yangtze River basin so that people affected by
corretamente preenchida por: climate change can speak for themselves.
In the Valdivian forests of Chile and Argentina, the
a) Afterwards global conservation organization is working with local
b) Moreover partners to reduce forest fires and adjust conservation plans
c) Although to ensure that resistant forests – where 3,000-year-old trees
d) At the end are found – can be protected.
e) In the end “From [I] turtles to [II] tigers, from [III] desert of
081 | JFS 2012 Chihuahua to [IV] great Amazon – all these wonders of
Após a leitura do texto, é correto afirmar que: nature are at risk from warming temperatures,” stressed Dr.
Hansen. “While adaptation to changing climate can save
a) a quantidade de espécies de animais que precisaram some, only drastic action by governments to reduce
mudar de seu habitat natural em busca de condições emissions can hope to stop their complete destruction.”
melhores de vida é imensurável.
b) existem muitos documentos que afirmam que as Adapted from http://www.panda.org/
mudanças comportamentais de certas espécies de animais
são sem precedentes. 082 | JFS 2009
c) a cada cem anos, a temperatura média do planeta Terra Marque o título que melhor contempla o tema do texto.
aumenta em torno de 1%, e as regiões que mais podem
sofrer as consequências desse aumento são as áreas a) Natural Wonders Feel the Heat
litorâneas. b) How WWF Can Save the World
d) a raça humana também poderá sofrer as consequências c) Is It Hot? It Will Even Get Hotter and Hotter
do aquecimento global, em especial os habitantes das áreas d) How to Cope with the Global Warming?
mais pobres do planeta. e) The Main Consequences of the Global Warming
e) seria necessário eliminar a poluição imediatamente para
que a temperatura da Terra não aumentasse acima das
previsões nos próximos 100 anos.
171
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
083 | JFS 2009 Torrential rain broke briefly on January 23rd 2010.
Complete as lacunas presentes no último parágrafo do texto Nevertheless, 33 stalwarts of the Military Institute of
utilizando (ou omitindo) o artigo definido. Engineering kept on gathering and reminiscing.
172
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
Phosphorus is a central component of the energy- 087 | JFS 2011
carrying molecule in all cells (adenosine triphosphate) and It can be inferred from the text that:
also the phospholipids that form all cell membranes.
Arsenic, which is chemically similar to phosphorus, is a) a new form of life from outer space was discovered in
poisonous for most life on Earth. Arsenic disrupts metabolic Mono Lake, California, by NASA researchers.
pathways __________ chemically it behaves similarly to b) despite arsenic is poisonous, it is perfectly common some
phosphate. living organisms using it to reproduce themselves.
"We know that some microbes can breathe arsenic, c) the new microorganism has stretched the definition about
but what we've found is a microbe doing something new – what encompasses life on Earth.
building parts of itself out of arsenic," said Felisa Wolfe- d) the concept of life has changed widely after the discovery
Simon, a NASA Astrobiology Research Fellow in residence at of the new form of life.
the U.S. Geological Survey in Menlo Park, Calif., and the e) in order to keep searching life in the solar system,
research team's lead scientist. "If something here on Earth scientists must look for it first on Earth.
can do something so unexpected, what else can life do that
we haven't seen yet?" 088 | JFS 2011
The newly discovered microbe, strain GFAJ-1, is a Which of the following options fills in the gap in the 6th
member of a common group of bacteria, the paragraph of the text?
Gammaproteobacteria. In the laboratory, the researchers a) because
successfully grew microbes from the lake on a diet that was
b) despite
very lean on phosphorus, but included generous helpings of c) whether
arsenic. When researchers removed the phosphorus and d) hence
replaced it with arsenic the microbes continued to grow. e) thus
Subsequent analyses indicated that the arsenic was being
used to produce the building blocks of new GFAJ-1 cells. 089 | JFS 2011
The key issue the researchers investigated was Judge the following items:
when the microbe was grown on arsenic did the arsenic
actually became incorporated into the organisms' vital I. The new microorganism is the only microbe on Earth that
biochemical machinery, such as DNA, proteins and the cell is able to cope with arsenic.
membranes. A variety of sophisticated laboratory II. It is possible that life can do things scientists have not
techniques was used to determine where the arsenic was contemplated yet.
incorporated. III. GFAJ-1, a breed of the Gammaproteobacteria, is capable
The team chose to explore Mono Lake because of of incorporating the element arsenic in its proteins.
its unusual chemistry, especially its high salinity, high
alkalinity, and high levels of arsenic. This chemistry is in part – Now, Mark the correct option:
a result of Mono Lake's isolation from its sources of fresh
water for 50 years. a) Only item I is correct.
The results of this study will inform ongoing b) Only item II is correct.
c) Only item III is correct.
research in many areas, including the study of Earth's
evolution, organic chemistry, biogeochemical cycles, disease d) Only items I and II are correct.
mitigation and Earth system research. These findings also e) Only items II and III are correct.
will open up new frontiers in microbiology and other areas
090 | JFS 2011
of research. Judge the following items:
"The idea of alternative biochemistries for life is
common in science fiction," said Carl Pilcher, director of the I. The scientists are still investigating the very moment
NASA Astrobiology Institute at the agency's Ames Research arsenic was incorporated by the microorganism.
Center in Moffett Field, Calif. "Until now a life form using II. Mono Lake’s salinity, alkalinity and arsenic levels
arsenic as a building block was only theoretical, but now we increased 50 years ago.
know such life exists in Mono Lake." (…) III. Not only microbiology but also other scientific fields shall
be benefited with the discovery.
Adapted from http://www.nasa.gov/
– Now, Mark the correct option:
173
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
091 | JFS 2011 Sticky Fingers
In the sentence “Researchers conducting tests in the harsh
environment of Mono Lake in California have discovered the By Olivia Judson
first known microorganism on Earth able to thrive and
reproduce using the toxic chemical arsenic”, extracted from In 1905, two brothers, Alfred
nd
the 2 paragraph, the words in bold can be replaced, and Albert Stratton, were found guilty
respectively, by: of murdering a shopkeeper and his
wife in Deptford, a town outside
a) realizing – smooth – get on London. The evidence? A thumbprint
b) carrying out – strict – develop at the scene of the crime. The
c) attaining – sharp – rise brothers were hanged.
d) leading – rough – wear out The Stratton trial was the first time in Western
e) handling – mild – grow jurisprudence that fingerprint evidence had been presented
in a murder case. As such, it was a triumph for Charles
092 | JFS 2011 Darwin's cousin Francis Galton. Galton had spent years
Which of the following words can be turned into the plural collecting fingerprints, studying and classifying their patterns
form in the same way as bacteria? of loops, arches, and whorls. It was he who had not just
speculated, but demonstrated that fingerprints are a reliable
a) Campus way of telling one person from another, and persuaded the
b) Encyclopedia. police that they could be used to solve crimes.
c) Criterion. Up to that point, fingerprints had been used not as
d) Radius. a means to identify criminals, but as a way for you to prove
e) Stadium. that you were you and not someone else. The ancient
Babylonians sometimes impressed fingerprints on clay
093 | JFS 2011 tablets that recorded business transactions, and centuries
In the sentence “Arsenic, which is chemically similar to ago the Chinese made use of thumbprints on clay seals. In
phosphorus, is poisonous for most life on Earth”, extracted India in the nineteenth century, a fingerprint took the place
from the 6th paragraph, the Relative Pronoun which: of a signature for people who were illiterate and could not,
therefore, sign their names. The first use of fingerprints by
a) is correct, but can be replaced by that. "officialdom" didn't come until the 1860s, when William
b) is correct and cannot be replaced. Herschel, a magistrate for the British colonial administration
c) is correct, but can be replaced by what. in India, realized that fingerprints could be used as a means
d) is incorrect and must be replaced by that. of identification when people came to collect their pensions.
e) is incorrect and must be replaced by what. The person collecting the pension would give a print, which
would be compared to a print on file; in that way,
094 | JFS 2011 fingerprints could be used to prevent identity fraud.
In the sentence “the researchers successfully grew microbes In instituting this, Herschel made the assumption
from the lake on a diet that was very lean on phosphorus”, that individuals have unique fingerprints; the fact that it was
also taken from the 8th paragraph, the word lean can be actually so remained to be proved. That proof was provided
replaced by: by Galton, who demonstrated statistically that the odds of
two people having the same fingerprints are vanishingly
a) rich. remote. He also – using prints sent to him by Herschel –
b) fat. confirmed Herschel's observation that fingerprints do not
c) plump. change with age, a crucial feature if they were to be a
d) bare. reliable form of identification. And Galton began to develop
e) flat. a method for cataloging fingerprints, so that police could file
fingerprints by type and quickly compare any two sets. (A
095 | JFS 2011 full-fledged cataloging system, based on Galton's, was
In the sentence “the arsenic was being used to produce the subsequently developed by Edward Richard Henry, who had
building blocks of new GFAJ-1 cells”, extracted from the 8th served as inspector general of police in Bengal; the finger
paragraph, the words in bold are, respectively: print classification system came to be known as the "Henry
System.") In short, Galton laid the groundwork for the police
a) adjective – adjective to begin to build a usable fingerprint database.
b) verb – adjective
c) adjective – noun 096 | FGV 2009
d) verb – noun According to the information in the article, Alfred and Albert
e) adverb – adjective Stratton:
174
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
a) worked with the police to develop the use of fingerprints 100 | FGV 2009
to solve a murder. In paragraph 4, this in the phrase “In instituting this…” most
b) found the fingerprints of a shopkeeper and his wife likely refers to:
murdered near London.
c) admitted that they had murdered a shopkeeper and his a) a pension system for British civil servants in colonial India.
wife near London. b) the use of fingerprints in identifying known criminals.
d) were the first people to be convicted of murder because c) are structuring of fingerprint-identification techniques.
of fingerprint evidence. d) fingerprint identification to prevent dishonesty in the
e) were the first people to use fingerprints to prove that a pension system.
murder had been committed. e) a strengthening of pension laws in British colonial India.
175
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
a) there are two different verb tenses. Instead, we've doubled down on a bad bet. The
b) there is no auxiliary verb. result? Steadily rising casualties, with 499 killed in 2010 and
c) there are only regular verbs. 418 last year.
e) there are only irregular verb. Now you might say that's not so bad, really,
d) there is only one verb tense. compared with the Vietnam War, in (I) more than 58,000
Americans were killed.
Assessing the Afghan war: Guess what? We aren't winning Sure. Try telling that to the families of the dead.
Tell that to the family of Lance Cpl. Donald Hogan.
The San Clemente native and Tesoro High School graduate is
to be awarded the Navy Cross next week. What did he do? In
August 2009, while on patrol in Helmand province, he
spotted an explosive device and hurled himself into the body
of a fellow Marine to protect him and others (II) the blast.
This California hero died saving others. I'm sure his
family is proud. I'm also sure they'd rather have him home,
safe. Some will say that if we leave now, the sacrifices of
Hogan and others will have been in vain. But I say we can't
afford any more such tragic sacrifices for a lost cause.
So, America, remember the Vietnam War? We can't do much about Afghanistan now.
Because the war in Afghanistan just gave me a bad case of President Obama says we'll be out by 2014. Good. Hopefully
déjà vu. he sticks to that plan. And hopefully a Republican hawk
On Wednesday, The Times' Ken Dilanian and doesn't become president.
David S. Cloud reported: But we need to make sure there aren't any more
Afghanistans. And to do that, everyone in this country needs
The U.S. intelligence community says in a secret to have some skin in this game.
new assessment that the war in Afghanistan is mired in We need a military draft. We need to make sure
stalemate, and warns that security gains from an increase in that all of America's sons and daughters are subject to
American troops have been undercut by pervasive combat duty.
corruption, incompetent governance and Taliban fighters That way, the next time war fever hits, we'll be sure
operating from neighboring Pakistan, according to U.S. that everyone has caught cold before we go into battle.
officials. It's time to put a stop to politicians doing the
Could someone please tell me how in the world deciding while only a few do the dying.
we've let this happen? Why is it that the best and the
brightest keep getting Americans killed for nothing? Adapted from http://opinion.latimes.com/
The British got run out of Afghanistan in the 19th
century. The Soviets got run out of Afghanistan in the 20th 105 | JFS 2012
century. Yet we've allowed ourselves to get stuck there? Qual dos vocábulos a seguir, extraídos do texto, não pode
And according to the classified National Intelligence ser considerado um falso cognato?
Estimate completed last month and cited by The Times’
reporters, things aren't likely to improve: In a section looking a) reported (2º parágrafo)
at future scenarios, the NIE also asserts that the Afghan b) assessment (3º parágrafo)
government in Kabul may not be able to survive as the U.S. c) officials (3º parágrafo)
steadily pulls out its troops and reduces military and civilian d) classified (6º parágrafo)
assistance. e) casualties (9º parágrafo)
The costs? Cover your eyes: Some in Congress and
the Obama administration are concerned that the bleak 106 | JFS 2012
assessment suggests little progress was made in the last Assinale a opção que preenche corretamente a lacuna (I)
year. During that time, the U.S. has suffered more than 400 presente no 10º parágrafo do texto.
military fatalities and spent more than $100 billion. As of
Wednesday, 1,873 Americans had been killed in Afghanistan a) what
since U.S. forces invaded in late 2001, according to the b) which
website icasualties.org. c) that
In 2001 and 2002, when the George W. Bush d) whose
administration launched the war in retaliation for the 9/11 e) where
attacks, 51 U.S. soldiers died. Imagine if we'd had the good
sense to declare victory then and get out?
176
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
107 | JFS 2012
Assinale a opção que preenche corretamente a lacuna (II)
presente no 12º parágrafo do texto.
a) during
b) off
c) by
d) of
e) from
177
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
114 | FUVEST 2012
Com base nos gráficos que acompanham o texto, é correto
afirmar que, para os norte-americanos:
178
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
116 | FUVEST 2012 Gorillaz are not the first major band to release an
De acordo com o texto, o especialista Gary Bradski afirma album free via the internet. Radiohead put out In Rainbows
que: as a digital download in 2007 employing an "honesty box"
scheme. But experts suggest Gorillaz are at the vanguard in
a) a sua empresa projetou um robô com capacidade de recognising how the business model of popular music is
percepção. changing, with fans able to play games, become an exclusive
b) os robôs já estão bem mais desenvolvidos, atualmente. member of its fan club and buy limited-edition artwork all on
c) a construção de robôs que reproduzam capacidades the website. (…)
biológicas é difícil.
d) as pessoas podem ser beneficiadas por robôs com Adapted from http://www.guardian.co.uk/
capacidade de planejamento.
e) a habilidade das pessoas em operar robôs sofisticados é 117 | JFS 2011
surpreendente. O texto informa que Damon Albarn:
Gorillaz give away their new album made on an iPad a) foi de encontro às suas influências musicais ao produzir
The Fall em um iPad.
b) fez parte de uma banda britânica chamada Blur.
c) produziu um álbum inteiro do Gorillaz usando apenas um
iPad.
d) apesar de ser britânico, dedicou o novo álbum do Gorillaz
aos Estados Unidos.
e) produziu o álbum The Fall no quarto do hotel onde estava
hospedado.
Gorillaz, the cartoon-styled supergroup renowned I. O Gorillaz foi a atração principal do festival de Glastonbury
for breaking new ground in the worlds of music and de 2010.
technology, have notched up another claim to fame. II. O Gorillaz adotará um novo formato antes de voltar a se
The band that headlined this year's Glastonbury apresentar ao vivo.
festival today released The Fall, an album that can be III. O Gorillaz disponibilizou o álbum The Fall para download
downloaded free and was largely produced using only an gratuito no site oficial da banda.
iPad. "I've never been someone who's embraced technology
particularly," frontman Damon Albarn told a New Zealand TV – Agora, assinale a opção certa:
station this month, shortly after announcing that Gorillaz
would stop playing live in their current format. "I've always a) apenas a I está correta.
tried to keep true to my roots, which was just a four-track b) apenas a II está correta.
and a guitar, but I got given an iPad and I suddenly found c) apenas a III está correta.
myself in a position where I could make quite a sonically d) apenas a I e a II estão corretas.
sophisticated record in my hotel room." e) apenas a I e a III estão corretas
Albarn, who led the Britpop revolution with Blur,
has called The Fall a love letter to America. "I used to be very 119 | JFS 2011
baffled by this place, and I guess I still am in some ways. But Analise as asserções a seguir:
right now, with all that's going on, this is a good place to be."
The album was made available to fans who I. No 1º parágrafo, notch up equivale semanticamente a
opened the final door of a virtual Advent calendar on the achieve.
band's website. It can also be accessed as a stream on II. No 5º parágrafo, erstwhile significa o mesmo que former.
Gorillaz.com, while a physical release of the record is III. Ainda no 5º parágrafo, stalwart pode ser substituído por
planned for the new year. partisan.
While the 42-year-old Albarn made use of 20
applications on his new tablet device to create the album, – Agora, assinale a opção certa:
traditionalists will be reassured to learn that a handful of
a) apenas a I está correta.
conventional instruments were also employed. Mick Jones
b) apenas a I e a II estão corretas.
contributes guitar on one track, while Paul Simonon – his
c) apenas a I e a III estão corretas.
erstwhile bandmate in the Clash, now a Gorillaz stalwart –
d) apenas a II e a III estão corretas.
chips in with bass on another.
e) todas estão corretas.
179
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
120 | JFS 2011 Blow your diet? Blame your brain
Assinale a opção CORRETA. Low-fat labels and encouraging exercise can backfire
180
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
Study author Delores Albarracin, a professor of Despite this, Safety and shipping 1912-2012: from
psychiatry at the university, suspects that the exercise Titanic to Costa Concordia, based on research from Cardiff
posters simply inspired the students to do something — and University, said the industry faced several key challenges.
because food was available, eating became the thing to do. These include the growing trend to ‘super-size’ ships and
What this means, she says, is that we need to be careful cost pressures which are forcing ship-owners to source
about when and where we encourage people to work out. crews from emerging economies where training standards
We shouldn’t be showing ads touting the benefits of can be inconsistent.
exercise when people are sitting in front of the TV with a bag Other emerging risks include reduced crew
of chips in their hands. numbers, which can compromise safety and encourage
The study brings up the intriguing possibility that human error, increasing bureaucracy on board ships and the
these ads could be doing more harm than good if they’re not increased threat of piracy in Somalia and elsewhere. The
targeted correctly, says Dr. Louis Aronne, clinical professor emergence of ‘ice shipping’ and its associated navigational
of medicine and director of the Comprehensive Weight and environmental complications also poses a risk, the
Control Program at the New York-Presbyterian report said.
Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical Center. (…) Dr Sven Gerhard, AGCS’s global product leader for
hull & marine liabilities, said the industry needed to address
Adapted from http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/30702871/ the new risks facing them proactively.
‘For example, ultra-large ships pose challenges for
123 | JFS 2010 insurers due to their sheer size and value, while others
The study described in the text shows that: raise concerns on structural integrity and failure. While scale
alone does not make these ships riskier, the increased sizes
a) the more a person eats, the fatter he/she becomes. introduce specific risks that need to be addressed, such as
b) workout ads can lead a person to eat more. salvage and recovery considerations and emergency
c) diet and exercise make the brain work harder. handling,’ he said.
d) the most famous diets show no side effects. AGCS noted that, despite hundreds of years of
e) no diet can make a person get slimmer in short term. improvements in safety, human error remained a challenge.
According to the report, over 75% of marine losses can be
124 | JFS 2011 attributed to a wide range of ‘human error’ factors,
The college students who participated in the study: including fatigue, inadequate risk management and
competitive pressures, as well as potential deficiencies in
a) ate more raisins after analyzing the posters that promoted training and crewing levels.
exercise. Dr Gerhard said: ‘As technological improvements
b) ate more raisins after analyzing the posters that reduce risk, so does the weakest link in the system – the
promoted goals such as joining a group. human factor – become more important. This is where the
c) ate more raisins after analyzing the posters that promoted industry should focus most closely, so that best practice risk
togetherness. management and a culture of safety becomes second nature
d) stopped eating raisins after the results of the research across the world fleet.’
were released. Allianz did, however, note that major accidents
e) stopped working out after the results of the research have often been the catalysts for key changes in maritime
were released. industry safety. In light of this, Dr Gerhard said the Costa
Concordia disaster earlier this year was likely to be ‘no
Shipping industry faces new risks, says Allianz. different’, regardless of the outcome of investigations into
the incident itself.
Increasing ship sizes, human error and the challenge
of shipping in arctic waters are among the biggest risks The Actuary Newsdesk: Nick Mann 27/Mar 2012
facing the modern maritime industry, according to Allianz
Global Corporate and Speciality. 125 | EFOMM 2013
The challenge of shipping in arctic waters is among According to Allianz Global Corporate and Speciality, the
the biggest challenges facing the modern maritime industry, maritime industry has been facing emerging risks, the odd
the report said. one out is:
Marking 100 years since the sinking of Titanic, the
insurers yesterday published a report which noted that, a) Incorrect decisions or improper lack of action aboard.
while the world commercial shipping fleet has trebled to b) Crew numbers have been thriving.
over 100,000 vessels over that period, overall shipping loss c) Ultra large vessels are on the increase
rates have declined significantly. In 1912, they were one d) Robbery on the high seas.
ship per 100 per year; in 2009 they had fallen to one ship per e) Red tape on board ships.
670 per year.
181
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
126 | EFOMM 2013 128 | IME 2013
In line 31: ‘(…) facing them proactively.’, is the same as: According to the passage, it is WRONG to say that:
a) complying with the rules of safety. a) Barnes & Noble will not disappear overnight.
b) keeping track of risks. b) E-books represent a real menace to traditional
c) foreseeing difficulties. bookstores.
d) putting off decisions. c) There is a chance Amazon will dominate the book market
e) making deals. in the future.
d) Book publishers are confident they will make more money
127 | EFOMM 2013 by publishing e-books directly through Amazon.
What can be inferred from the text? e) Barnes & Noble projected that they will have a bad
financial year.
a) Technology is the sole solution for casualties at sea.
b) Improper lack of action is still a defiance. 129 | IME 2013
c) Ultra large vessels are not hazardous to navigation. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
d) Maritime industry has been collapsing.
e) Mishaps seldom happen at sea. a) Book publishers do not need to struggle in the business
world because traditional bookstores are in jeopardy.
The Bookstore’s Last Stand b) It is likely Amazon will publish e-books directly, without
the need of a traditional publisher, in the future.
*Barnes & Noble is the largest book retailer in the United c) Electronic books are scarce nowadays because people do
States. not read enough.
d) Publishers are struggling because e-books can be sold in
(…) No one expects Barnes & Noble* to disappear bookstores.
overnight. The worry is that it might slowly wither as more e) Publishers might disappear after the fusion of Barnes &
readers embrace e-books. What if all those store shelves Noble and Amazon.
vanished, and Barnes & Noble became little more than a
cafe and a digital connection point? Such fears came to the 5 Ways To Turn Fear Into Fuel
fore in early January, when the company projected that it
would lose even more money this year than Wall Street had Editor’s note: This is a guest post from Jonathan Fields,
expected. Its share price promptly tumbled 17 percent that author of Uncertainty: Turning Fear and Doubt Into Fuel for
day. Brilliance.
Lurking behind all of this is Amazon.com, the
dominant force in books online and the company that sets Uncertainty. It’s a terrifying word.
teeth on edge in publishing. From their perches in Midtown Living with it, dangling over your head like the
Manhattan, many publishing executives, editors and sword of Damocles, day in day out, is enough to send
publicists view Amazon as the enemy — an adversary that, if anyone spiraling into a state of anxiety, fear and paralysis.
unchecked, could threaten their industry and their Like it or not, though, uncertainty is the new
livelihoods. normal. We live in a time where the world is in a state of
Like many struggling businesses, book publishers constant, long-term flux. And, that’s not all. If you want to
are cutting costs and trimming work forces. Yes, electronic spend your time on the planet not just getting-by, but
books are booming, sometimes profitably, but not many consistently creating art, experiences, businesses and lives
publishers want e-books to dominate print books. Amazon’s that truly matter, you’ll need to proactively seek out, invite
chief executive, Jeffrey P. Bezos, wants to cut out the and even deliberately amplify uncertainty. Because the
middleman — that is, traditional publishers — by publishing other side of uncertainty is opportunity.
e-books directly. Nothing great was ever created by waiting around
Which is why Barnes & Noble, once viewed as the for someone to tell you it’s all going to be okay or for perfect
brutal capitalist of the book trade, now seems so crucial to information to drop from the sky. Doesn’t happen that way.
that industry’s future. Sure, you can buy bestsellers at Great work requires you to act in the face of uncertainty, to
Walmart and potboilers at the supermarket. But in many live in the question long enough for your true potential to
locales, Barnes & Noble is the only retailer offering a wide emerge. There is no alternative.
selection of books. If something were to happen to Barnes & When you find the strength to act in the face of
Noble, if it were merely to scale back its ambitions, Amazon uncertainty, you till the soil of genius.
could become even more powerful and — well, the very
thought makes publishers queasy. (…)
182
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
Problem is, that kills most people. It leads to a) Your ability to deal with the unknown isn’t a matter of
unease, anxiety, fear and doubt on a level that snuffs out genetics but luck.
most genuinely meaningful and potentially revolutionary b) Your ability to deal with the unknown has nothing to do
endeavors before they even see the light of day. Not with genetics or luck but training.
because they wouldn’t have succeeded, but because you c) Your ability to deal with the unknown rather than being
never equipped yourself to handle and even harness the simply about genetics is equally a matter of luck and
emotional energy of the journey. training.
But, what if it didn’t have to be that way? d) Your ability to deal with the unknown, instead of being
What if there was a way to turn the fear, anxiety simply a matter of luck and genetics, is mainly something
and self-doubt that rides along with acting in the face of trainable.
uncertainty – the head-to-toe butterflies – into fuel for e) Your ability to deal with the unknown, instead of being
brilliance? entirely trainable, is mainly a matter of luck and genetics.
Turns out, there is. Your ability to lean into the
unknown isn’t so much about luck or genetics, rather it’s 133 | ITA 2013
something entirely trainable. I’ve spent the past few years A expressão The head-to-toe butterflies (linha 31), no
interviewing world-class creators across a wide range of contexto em que se insere, significa:
fields and pouring over research that spans neuroscience,
decision-theory, psychology, creativity and business. a) incertezas que confundem a mente.
Through this work, a collection of patterns, b) autoquestionamentos que imobilizam o corpo da cabeça
practices and strategies have emerged that not only aos pés.
turbocharge insight, creativity, innovation and problem- c) aflições que acabam interferindo no bom funcionamento
solving, but also help ameliorate so much of the suffering so do organismo.
often associated with the pursuit of any creative quest. d) sensação de formigamento nas extremidades do corpo.
e) medos e anseios que dão a sensação de “frio na barriga”.
Adapted from http://zenhabits.net/fearfuel
134 | ITA 2013
130 | ITA 2013 Assinale a afirmação correta.
De acordo com a ideia central do texto, a incerteza
a) “day in day out” (linha 3) equivale a every other day.
a) é comum nos dias de hoje e leva a um estado de b) “getting-by” (linha 8) equivale à expressão: vir ao mundo
ansiedade e medo paralisante. a passeio.
b) é normal nos dias de hoje e impede o desenvolvimento c) “seek out […] uncertainty” (linha 10) opõe-se a seek out
das potencialidades. opportunity.
c) é normal nos dias de hoje mas também pode proporcionar d) A palavra “handle” (linha 26) pode ser entendida por
oportunidades. evitar.
d) embora natural nos dias de hoje, pode até levar à morte. e) “pouring over” (linha 37) pode ser substituído por making.
e) embora seja objeto de estudo de diversas áreas de
conhecimento, nenhuma desenvolveu mecanismos para sua 135 | ITA 2013
total superação. No contexto em que se insere, a afirmação “turns out, there
is” (linha 33) pode ser entendida como:
131 | ITA 2013
No trecho “Problem is, that kills most people” (linha 21), o a) é possível transformar medo e ansiedade em algo
pronome relativo that refere-se a: construtivo.
b) o medo e a ansiedade levam à inação.
a) falta de alternativas. c) a incerteza transforma o medo em ansiedade e dúvida.
b) longos questionamentos. d) temores estão geralmente associados à incerteza.
c) dificuldade para agir diante da incerteza. e) há um caminho no qual temores e incertezas andam
d) incapacidade de descobrir o verdadeiro potencial. juntos.
e) falta de informações precisas.
136 | ITA 2013
132 | ITA 2013 Na linha 5, “Like it or not”:
Escolha a opção que apresenta a mesma ideia da afirmação
a seguir: “Your ability to lean into the unknown isn’t so much a) refere-se à espada de Damocles.
about luck or genetics, rather it’s something entirely b) significa sendo ou não sendo como descrito no texto.
trainable” (linhas 33-34). c) refere-se à normalidade da incerteza nos dias atuais.
d) significa goste disso ou não goste.
e) refere-se aos sentimentos desencadeados pela incerteza.
183
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
Nassim Nicholas Taleb has little tolerance for, well, 138 | JFS 2012
a lot of things. But, as his latest book demonstrates, he holds As lacunas presentes no texto devem ser preenchidas
a particular grievance against the mediocre, the safe middle respectivamente por:
ground, and most forms of moderation.
True to form, Antifragile: Things that Gain From a) (I) earnestness – (II) far-flung – (III) randomness – (IV)
Disorder, is a work of non-fiction that trades in extremes — multiheaded – (V) self-assuredness
a book that, in complete __________ (I), offers thoughts on b) (I) earnestsome – (II) far-flung – (III) randomed – (IV)
everything from the philosophy of Seneca and the structure multiheaded – (V) self-assuredness
of the Swiss government to the value of procrastination and c) (I) earnestness – (II) far-flinged – (III) randomness – (IV)
the limits of academic research. (…) multiheading – (V) self-assuredment
Taleb meanders between these and many other d) (I) earnestment – (II) far-flinged – (III) randomment – (IV)
__________ (II) topics in the service of an impressively multiheading – (V) self-assuredness
straightforward point: some things like volatility and some e) (I) earnestsomeness – (II) far-flinged – (III) randomsome –
things hate it. (IV) multiheaded – (V) self-assuredment
More specifically, his aim is to introduce a new
concept he believes has been absent from our discussions of 139 | JFS 2012
nearly all human endeavor, one called antifragility. Fragile Após ler o texto, pode-se corretamente afirmar que Nassim
things — a crystal champagne flute, for instance, or a house Nicholas Taleb:
of cards — are hurt by stress, __________ (III), and
uncertainty. Antifragile things, meanwhile, are strengthened a) pode ser considerado uma pessoa impaciente e
by it — just as Medusa grows stronger and more imediatista, cuja inquietação faz com que ele questione o
__________ (IV) with every decapitation. status quo do sistema.
Taleb maintains that living things and complex b) não tolera a forma medíocre e apática através da qual a
systems are all antifragile to some degree. Our bodies, for sociedade contemporânea lida com as questões cotidianas.
the most part, thrive as a result of regular interaction with c) afirma que a volatilidade se faz necessária até mesmo em
stressors in the environment just as “firms become weak situações em que ela, normalmente, não é aplicada.
during long periods of steady prosperity devoid of setbacks” d) levanta a hipótese de que o comodismo com o qual certas
and “[s]mall forest fires periodically cleanse the system of questões são tratadas atrapalha a evolução e o crescimento
the most flammable material, so these do not have the da sociedade.
opportunity to accumulate.” The process of biological e) acredita que as coisas anti-frágeis têm a capacidade de
evolution, technological progress, and economic growth all evoluir mesmo diante de situações adversas.
rely on some sort of messy, undirected trial-and-error
process that is fueled by regular exposure to uncertainty. 140 | JFS 2012
We insulate ourselves from such natural volatility at our own Considere os seguintes fragmentos do texto:
peril. (…)
For all of Taleb’s obvious __________ (V), (I) some things like volatility and some things hate it (3º
Antifragile is, in part, an exploration of how little we parágrafo)
understand, and how much suffering arises from (II) a crystal champagne flute (4º parágrafo)
overestimating the firmness with which we grasp the (III) Our bodies (5º parágrafo)
universe we inhabit. “There are secrets to our world,” he (IV) how much suffering arises from overestimating the
writes, “that only practice can reveal, and no opinion or firmness with which we grasp the universe we inhabit (6º
analysis will ever capture in full.” It might be more parágrafo)
appropriate, then, to see Antifragile as a paean to
intellectual modesty — a characteristic that, strangely – Agora, marque o item que apresenta o valor semântico de
enough, nobody is likely to ascribe to Taleb anytime soon. cada um desses fragmentos.
184
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
141 | JFS 2012 142 | UNESP 2013
A sentença firms become weak during long periods of O principal objetivo do texto é analisar:
steady prosperity devoid of setbacks (5º parágrafo)
significa: a) como muitos anúncios deixam de cumprir seu papel.
b) como anúncios valorizam a imagem do consumidor.
a) firmas tornam-se fracas depois de extensos períodos de c) aspectos racionais e irracionais contidos em anúncios.
forte prosperidade devido aos imprevistos. d) anúncios e procurar entender como cumprem seu papel.
b) firmas tornam-se fracas durante longos períodos de e) elementos linguísticos e valores sociais em anúncios.
constante prosperidade devido aos infortúnios.
c) fortes tornam-se fracos durante extensos períodos de 143 | UNESP 2013
prosperidade estável devido aos percalços. De acordo com o texto:
d) firmes enfraquecem durante longos períodos de
crescente desenvolvimento por causa de reveses. a) alguns anúncios contêm elementos que supervalorizam o
e) firmes tornam-se fracos durante longos períodos de papel social da língua.
crescimento estável desprovido de contratempos. b) alguns anúncios contêm elementos que podem denegrir a
imagem do capitalismo.
Analyze an advertisement c) alguns anúncios possuem até mesmo um aspecto obscuro,
um tanto sórdido.
Not all advertisements make perfect sense. Not all d) anúncios devem conter um apelo irracional aos benefícios
of them promote or imply acceptance of social values that do produto anunciado.
everyone would agree are what we should hope for, in an e) anúncios não devem destacar benefícios ou valores
enlightened and civilized society. Some advertisements sociais dos produtos anunciados.
appear to degrade our images of ourselves, our language,
and appear to move the emphasis of interaction in our 144 | UNESP 2013
society to (even more) consumerism. There may even be a A resposta à questão apresentada no último parágrafo do
dark, seamy, or seedy side to advertising. This is hardly texto foi:
surprising, as our society is indeed a consumer society, and it
is highly capitalistic in the simplest sense. There is no doubt a) benefícios racionais atenderão melhor às necessidades
that advertising promotes a consumer culture, and helps dos consumidores do produto anunciado.
create and perpetuate the ideology that creates the b) não se deve pensar nos benefícios de um produto
apparent need for the products it markets. anunciado de maneira capitalista e racional.
For our purposes here, none of this matters. Our c) anúncios precisam apresentar benefícios racionais, para
task is to analyze advertisements, and to see if we can que os consumidores possam entendê-los.
understand how they do what they do. We will leave the d) benefícios do produto anunciado devem ser
task of how we interpret our findings in the larger social, compreendidos por pessoas que desconhecem o produto.
moral and cultural contexts for another occasion. e) anúncios devem salientar qualidades de um produto que
It is often said that advertising is irrational, and, sejam entendidas de modo racional pelos consumidores.
again, that may well be true. But this is where the crossover
between information and persuasion becomes important; an 145 | UNESP 2013
advertisement does not have to be factually informative (but O pronome it, utilizado na última linha do primeiro
it cannot be factually misleading). parágrafo, na frase for the products it markets, refere-se:
In a discussion of what kind of benefit an
advertisement might offer to a consumer, Jim Aitchison a) à necessidade da propaganda.
(1999) provides the following quote from Gary Goldsmith of b) à área de publicidade.
Lowe & Partners, New York. It sums up perfectly what it is c) à ideologia da propaganda.
that one should look for in an advertisement. The question d) aos mercados consumidores.
posed is “Is advertising more powerful if it offers a rational e) à cultura do consumismo.
benefit?” Here is Goldsmith’s answer: “I don’t think you
need to offer a rational benefit. I think you need to offer a
benefit that a rational person can understand.”
185
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
146 | UNESP 2013 147 | FUVEST 2013
A expressão none of this matters, no segundo parágrafo, De acordo com o texto, a indústria publicitária:
refere-se:
a) passou a criar anúncios mais curtos.
a) às características de anúncios mencionadas no primeiro b) deixou de comprar tempo na TV devido ao aumento de
parágrafo. custo por minuto.
b) à falta de coerência e de sentido que certos anúncios c) foi forçada a se modificar em função das novas
podem conter. tecnologias.
c) às características positivas de anúncios mencionadas no d) aumentou sua audiência cativa.
texto. e) começou a privilegiar a forma em vez de conteúdos.
d) à interpretação de anúncios de acordo com uma ideologia
de consumo. 148 | FUVEST 2013
e) aos valores culturais, morais e sociais que caracterizam No texto, a palavra “viral” refere-se a:
um anúncio.
a) campanhas publicitárias divulgadas entre usuários de
mídias eletrônicas.
b) vírus eletrônicos acoplados a anúncios publicitários.
c) mensagens de alerta aos consumidores para os riscos de
determinados produtos.
d) mídias eletrônicas que têm dificuldade em controlar a
disseminação de vírus.
e) quantidades de anúncios que congestionam as caixas
postais dos usuários de correio eletrônico.
a) partilhada.
b) valorizada.
c) comprada.
d) multiplicada.
e) conquistada.
186
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
150 | FUVEST 2013 152 | JFS 2011
Segundo o texto, o livro Missing Out: In Praise of the Unlived A partir da análise da imagem anterior, pode-se inferir que:
Life sugere que:
a) as redes sociais sempre estiveram presentes em nossas
a) a fantasia deve se sobrepor a nossos planos de vida. vidas, mesmo antes da popularização da internet.
b) uma compreensão maior das decepções e dos desejos b) não importa a idade do usuário, as redes sociais podem
não realizados pode nos ajudar a viver melhor. ser acessadas por qualquer pessoa, independentemente de
c) os relatos de vida dos escritores não nos servem de sua faixa etária.
exemplo. c) as redes sociais estão com os dias contados, da mesma
d) um controle maior de nossa imaginação é importante forma como ocorreu, no passado, com outras formas de
para lidarmos com nossas frustrações. comunicação.
e) as oportunidades perdidas devem ser recuperadas para d) um dia, as mais modernas e badaladas redes sociais do
uma vida satisfatória. momento também podem se tornar algo do passado.
e) mesmo quando se tornarem velhas e obsoletas, as redes
151 | FUVEST 2013 sociais ainda serão bastante acessadas por usuários de todas
No texto, em resposta à pergunta “Does he see himself as a as faixas etárias.
champion of frustration?”, o autor do livro argumenta ser
necessário que as pessoas:
“Life is something that happens
a) tenham experiências satisfatórias para compreender a when you can't get to sleep.”
frustração. Fran Lebowitz
b) entendam cada vez mais a cultura capitalista de consumo.
c) se distraiam fazendo compras quando estão irritadas.
d) lidem com as frustrações para que suas satisfações sejam
realistas.
e) percebam o que as deixa frustradas no dia a dia.
187
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
3RD Part | Translations 008. I told my sister I'd lend her my new shirt if she let me
borrow her jacket, but she didn't take the bait.
a) oferta
Mark the correct translations to the words/expressions in
b) isca
bold.
c) engodo
d) negócio
001. The film tells anew the story of his rise to fame and
e) empréstimo
power.
a) novamente
009. Poverty begets hunger, and hunger begets crime.
b) parcialmente
a) aumenta
c) tendenciosamente
b) acentua
d) aleatoriamente
c) piora
e) sem novidades
d) gera
e) exacerba
002. In good condition, dolls from this period sell for £500
apiece.
010. Stay a little longer, I beseech you!
a) por cada pedaço
a) solicito
b) um pedaço
b) imploro
c) cada
c) peço
d) à vista
d) exijo
e) parcelado
e) ordeno
003. We tried to persuade her not to resign, but to no avail.
011. The George Cross is a decoration that is bestowed on
a) sem chance
British civilians for acts of great bravery.
b) sem necessidade
a) apreciada
c) não foi fácil
b) merecida
d) em vão
c) usada
e) sem compromisso
d) vendida
e) concedida
004. He avowed that he regretted what he had done.
a) negou
012. His theory has produced a blizzard of statistics on the
b) confessou
global dimming phenomenon.
c) jurou
a) grande quantidade
d) salientou
b) pequena quantidade
e) insinuou
c) média
d) aumento
005. You can't help but stand in awe of powerful people.
e) diminuição
a) medo
b) espanto
013. The breadth of her knowledge is amazing.
c) pânico
a) alcance
d) respeito
b) largura
e) desprezo
c) extensão
d) limite
006. There followed an awkward silence while we all tried to
e) fronteira
think of something to say.
a) sepulcral
014. I've tried persuading her, but she won't budge.
b) demorado
a) discutir
c) estranho
b) vacilar
d) longo
c) mudar
e) embaraçoso
d) conversar
e) tentar
007. They come from a privileged background.
a) vizinhança
b) origem
c) formação
d) arredores
e) residência
188
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
015. All the rooms have built-in cupboards and wardrobes. 022. This is a daring new film by one of our most original
a) espaçosos modern directors.
b) na medida certa a) inteligente
c) reformados b) astuto
d) embutidos c) temerário
e) adaptados d) arriscado
e) audacioso
016. The men were caked in layers of filth and grime.
a) atolados 023. Stop dawdling! You'll be late for school!
b) sujos a) perambular
c) enfurnados b) dormir
d) soterrados c) perder tempo
e) cobertos d) parar à toa
e) titubear
017. The caucus was held to decide which candidate the
party will support in the next election. 024. The race ended in a dead heat.
a) votação a) acidente trágico
b) reunião b) morte
c) pesquisa c) vitória acachapante
d) sufrágio d) empate
e) análise e) tragédia
018. All my attempts to apologize with my friends were very 025. When the newspapers published the full story, all his
clumsy. earlier deceits were revealed.
a) desastrosas a) escândalos
b) bem sucedidas b) fraudes
c) bem elaboradas c) segredos
d) aceitas d) sonhos
e) recusadas e) ambições
019. It was said that the police concealed vital evidence 026. She is the new dean of the Faculty of Engineering.
during the investigations. a) reitora
a) revelou b) professora
b) descobriu c) diretora
c) escondeu d) coordenadora
d) investigou e) supervisora
e) negligenciou
027. Anyone not paying the registration fee by 31 March will
020. They started washing up, so that was our cue to leave be deemed to have withdrawn from the scheme.
the party. a) exigido
a) sinal b) cobrado
b) pista c) considerado
c) sugestão d) solicitado
d) idéia e) requisitado
e) afirmativa
028. The company is reconsidering the way in which it
021. She was a small, dainty child, unlike her sister who was deploys its resources.
large and had big feet. a) economize
a) magra b) melhore
b) levada c) aumente
c) delicada d) majore
d) gentil e) aplique
e) agradável
189
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
029. A digest of the research findings is now available. 036. He was a very earnest young man.
a) coletânea a) esforçado
b) gráfico b) talentoso
c) relatório c) sério
d) resumo d) rico
e) versão e) forte
030. You shouldn't be so diffident about your achievements. 037. The whole country had tried to efface the memory of
a) hesitante the old dictatorship.
b) orgulhoso a) apagar
c) pedante b) relembrar
d) presunçoso c) homenagear
e) indeciso d) prestar continência
e) saudar
031. That bank is in dire straits.
a) processo de falência 038. He had the eerie feeling that he had met this stranger
b) situação terrível before.
c) situação muito boa a) forte
d) moratória b) engraçado
e) concordata c) estranho
d) sinistro
032. The normally dour Mr James was photographed smiling e) intenso
and joking with friends.
a) presunçoso 039. He managed to eke out a living one summer by selling
b) arrogante drinks on a beach.
c) despretensioso a) ficar rico
d) mal-humorado b) ganhar um bom dinheiro
e) sisudo c) fazer uma pequena fortuna
d) viver com pouco dinheiro
033. The community has dwindled to a tenth of its former e) abrir um empreendimento
size in the last two years.
a) dividiu-se 040. Naturally, I embroidered the tale a little to make it
b) dobrou more interesting.
c) aumentou a) enfeitei
d) diminuiu b) fantasiei
e) desmembrou-se c) melhorei
d) reduzi
034. They crowded round the spokesperson, eager for any e) maquiei
news.
a) eufóricos 041. The festival is to encompass everything from music,
b) ansiosos theatre and ballet to literature, cinema and the visual arts.
c) impacientes a) relacionar
d) irritados b) misturar
e) indóceis c) combinar
d) enfatizar
035. Five billion dollars of this year's budget is already e) abranger
earmarked for hospital improvements.
a) investido 042. He went to France as a United Nations special envoy.
b) arrecadado a) encarregado
c) gasto b) responsável
d) reservado c) diretor
e) empreendido d) enviado
e) nomeado
190
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
043. He eschewed publicity and avoided nightclubs. 050. It's a competent enough piece of writing but it lacks
a) frequentava flair.
b) ficava longe de a) um bom enredo
c) adorava b) suspense
d) odiava c) romance
e) aproveitava-se da d) empolgação
e) talento
044. In this economically depressed area, evictions are
common. 051. He is always making flattering remarks about me and
a) calotes my projects.
b) empréstimos a) desagradáveis
c) turbulências b) lisonjeiras
d) crises c) importantes
e) despejos d) inteligentes
e) inesperadas
045. The dinner party conversation faltered for a moment.
a) intensificou-se 052. I think she just thought I was being flippant.
b) cessou a) elegante
c) esquentou b) exibido
d) perdeu o sentido c) desrespeitoso
e) fugiu do foco principal d) agradável
e) brincalhão
046. He bid us both a fond farewell.
a) felicitação 053. She spent the day fretting about what she'd said to
b) saudação Nicky.
c) despedida a) preocupando-se
d) recepção b) lembrando
e) atendimento c) analisando
d) considerando
047. This is a far-fetched idea. e) ponderando
a) muito boa
b) horrível 054. A group of suntanned children were frolicking on the
c) mirabolante beach.
d) infalível a) nadando
e) inalcançável b) brincando
c) correndo
048. Hundreds of prisoners began a fast in protest about d) andando
prison conditions. e) descansando
a) jejum
b) corrida 055. She frowned at me, clearly annoyed due to my report
c) revolta card.
d) debate a) brigou comigo
e) rebelião b) gritou comigo
c) franziu a testa pra mim
049. She slept fitfully throughout the night and arose before d) chamou minha atenção
dawn. e) sorriu para mim
a) muito bem
b) confortavelmente 056. The government continues to fudge the issue by
c) relaxadamente refusing to give exact figures.
d) irregularmente a) evitando
e) aconchegadamente b) mentindo sobre
c) debatendo
d) adiando
e) amenizando
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Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
057. She started gabbling away at me in Spanish and I didn't 064. The aircraft's landing gear grazed the treetops as it
understand a word. landed.
a) explicar a) chocou-se contra
b) puxar conversa b) desviou
c) gritar c) quase atingiu
d) xingar d) roçou
e) falar depressa e) enrolou-se com
058. He bought a pair of garish Bermuda shorts. 065. They are in a financial gridlock due to high interest
a) belas rates.
b) caras a) deficiência
c) baratas b) débito
d) espalhafatosas c) crise
e) floridas d) impasse
e) colapso
059. I thought her outfit was ghastly.
a) fantástico 066. The men who arrived in the guise of drug dealers were
b) exclusivo actually undercover police officers.
c) importado a) procura
d) horrível b) disfarce
e) chamativo c) desculpa
d) perseguição
060. Should I add a scarf to this jacket or would it be gilding e) investigação
the lily?
a) útil 067. There are any number of miracle cures on the market
b) exagero for people gullible enough to buy them.
c) quente demais a) ricas
d) adequado b) necessitadas
e) inconveniente c) doentes
d) leigas
061. Detectives have given the flat a thorough going-over. e) influenciáveis
a) prisão
b) apreensão 068. "If you must," came the gruff reply.
c) batida a) imediata
d) desarrumada b) doce
e) averiguação c) áspera
d) autoritária
062. The management tried unsuccessfully to graft new e) infame
working methods onto the existing ways of doing things.
a) adotar 069. He eventually won the match after five gruelling sets.
b) inserir a) maçantes
c) adicionar b) estonteantes
d) investir c) emocionantes
e) criar d) exaustivos
e) longos
063. The children grappled for the ball.
a) lutaram 070. She's a real guzzler!
b) jogaram a) beberrona
c) optaram b) fanfarrona
d) lançaram c) comilona
e) furaram d) cafajeste
e) mau-caráter
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Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
071. He'd been drinking the night before and was looking a 078. In their heyday, they sold as many records as all the
bit haggard. other groups in the country put together.
a) de ressaca a) estréia
b) doente b) auge
c) abatido c) separação
d) enjoado d) declínio
e) sonolento e) início
072. He spoke quietly, in halting English. 079. Half these factories now stand idle.
a) hesitante a) falidas
b) perfeito b) prósperas
c) indefectível c) ociosas
d) formal d) em greve
e) informal e) em expansão
073. What did you hanker after most when you were in 080. The worst of her criticism was reserved for journalists,
prison? photographers and others of their ilk.
a) receava a) tipo
b) sentia falta b) profissão
c) fazia c) cargo
d) ansiava d) laia
e) evitava e) área
074. There is a great deal of interest in harnessing wind and 081. Inasmuch as you are their commanding officer, you are
waves as new sources of power. responsible for the behaviour of these men.
a) promover a) além de
b) enfatizar b) em vez de
c) ressaltar c) embora
d) aumentar d) apesar de
e) fazer uso de e) já que
075. My grandfather always says to me: “Make hay while 082. The inmates are in the cafeteria now.
the sun shines”. a) novatos
a) Antes tarde do que nunca. b) detentos
b) Nunca deixe para o amanhã o que você pode fazer hoje. c) alunos
c) Deus ajuda a quem cedo madruga. d) funcionários
d) Aproveite enquanto é tempo. e) inquilinos
e) A pressa é inimiga da perfeição.
083. You have to pay the installment today.
076. A few angry locals started heckling the speaker. a) multa
a) interromper b) fiança
b) espancar c) pensão
c) agredir d) prestação
d) maltratar e) indenização
e) interrogar
084. The office will be issuing permits on Tuesday and
077. Heedless destruction of the rainforests is contributing Thursday mornings.
to global warming. a) publicando
a) enorme b) emitindo
b) avassaladora c) divulgando
c) despretensiosa d) aplicando
d) precipitada e) restringindo
e) imprudente
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Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
085. Invoices must be submitted by the 24th of every 093. Different ethnic groups have different systems of
month. kinship.
a) faturas a) parentesco
b) memorandos b) afinidade
c) atas c) liderança
d) solicitações d) governo
e) portarias e) casamento
086. Perhaps some caviar can tempt your jaded palate. 094. There's a knack to using this corkscrew.
a) aguçado a) talento
b) refinado b) jeito
c) cansado c) regra
d) exigente d) lei
e) apurado e) norma
087. He’s been living a jarring experience. 095. Being an actor has a certain amount of kudos attached
a) fascinante to it.
b) desagradável a) prestígio
c) nova b) contratempos
d) inesperada c) transtornos
e) súbita d) importância
e) valor
088. I only said it in jest – you're obviously not fat.
a) sem pensar 096. The food was nice enough but the service was rather
b) de propósito lackadaisical.
c) sem querer a) incivil
d) de brincadeira b) atabalhoado
e) para irritar c) indelicado
d) desastrado
089. He works as a juggler.
e) displicente
a) percussionista
b) dançarino 097. He is always lashed out by the reporters.
c) equilibrista a) elogiado
d) malabarista b) entrevistado
e) trapezista c) atacado
d) citado
090. He jutted his jaw out defiantly.
e) enaltecido
a) tremia
b) projetava
098. He bought lead pipes.
c) roçava
a) plástico
d) mordia
b) borracha
e) balançava
c) cerâmica
091. She's a keen tennis player. d) chumbo
a) brilhante e) silicone
b) péssimo
c) regular 099. The business has liabilities of £2 million.
d) esforçada a) ativo
e) iniciante b) passivo
c) patrimônio
092. Her imagination was kindled by the exciting stories her d) investimentos
grandmother told her. e) lucro
a) envolvida
b) desestimulada
c) aguçada
d) anestesiada
e) invadida
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Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
100. That farm is his livelihood. 108. There's no point in sitting at home and moping.
a) principal patrimônio a) chorando
b) herança b) lamentando-se
c) meio de vida c) reclamando
d) riqueza d) enfurnado
e) legado e) escondendo-se
101. I'm loath to spend it all at once. 109. He always says mordant remarks.
a) relutante a) sarcásticas
b) a favor b) imprudentes
c) contra c) desagradáveis
d) disposto a d) inteligentes
e) decidido a e) intrigantes
102. From an early age the brothers have loathed each 110. She managed to muster the courage to ask him to the
other. cinema.
a) detestaram a) reunir
b) amaram b) juntar
c) ajudaram c) coletar
d) sustentaram d) fazer
e) ensinaram e) criar
103. The motion of the car almost lulled her to sleep. 111. I got sick of her constant nagging.
a) levou a) reclamações
b) acalentou b) espirros
c) fez c) vaciladas
d) não deixou d) traições
e) tornou impraticável e) descuidos
104. My sweater got mangled in the washing machine. 112. After our busy day we both sat and nodded off in front
a) manchado of the TV.
b) desfigurado a) jantamos
c) mutilado b) relaxamos
d) lavado c) cochilamos
e) acabado d) conversamos
e) continuamos trabalhando
105. I like mellow flavours.
a) adocicados 113. Christine was completely nonplussed by his reply.
b) fortes a) confusa
c) suaves b) perplexa
d) apimentados c) ofendida
e) exóticos d) revoltada
e) humilhada
106. She seemed so very meek and mild.
a) submissa e conformada 114. Some of his colleagues say that he's obnoxious.
b) suave e frágil a) competente
c) pacífica e sutil b) preguiçoso
d) dócil e calma c) displicente
e) calma e perspicaz d) radical
e) insuportável
107. She has a mischievous sense of humour.
115. Fifty odd people came to the party.
a) estranho
a) estranhas
b) maléfico
b) desacompanhadas
c) perspicaz
c) penetras
d) malicioso
d) e poucas
e) sarcástico
e) estrangeiras
195
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
116. The engine had been making an ominous sound all the 123. She asked in a pleading tone of voice.
way from London. a) arrogante
a) estranho b) áspero
b) sinistro c) rouco
c) ameaçador d) suplicante
d) perigoso e) desafiador
e) espantoso
124. I spilled the juice while I was pouring it.
117. Unions are fighting a plan by universities to outsource a) bebendo
all non-academic services. b) preparando
a) reduzir c) adoçando
b) cortar d) esfriando
c) aumentar e) servindo
d) terceirizar
e) restringir 125. The idea is preposterous!
a) fantástica
118. Neither side in the conflict seems willing to make peace b) absurda
overtures. c) plausível
a) acordos d) aceitável
b) propostas e) ruim
c) convenções
d) concessões 126. I've always been prone to accidents.
e) comunicados a) propenso
b) medroso
119. Student grants these days are paltry. c) disposto
a) insignificantes d) receoso
b) fartas e) preparado
c) abrangentes
d) extensas 127. "I don't approve of that kind of language," she said,
e) restritas pursing her lips.
a) lambendo
120. You have to treat your patrons well. b) cerrando
a) patrões c) fechando
b) clientes d) mordendo
c) fornecedores e) franzindo
d) garçons
e) funcionários 128. At the end of the match, the pitch was a real quagmire.
a) bagunça
121. It has been alleged that he received a payoff from an b) pântano
arms dealer. c) lamaçal
a) ameaça d) atoleiro
b) prazo e) arruaça
c) aviso
d) propina 129. His conviction was quashed in March 1986 after his
e) chantagem counsel argued that the police evidence was a tissue of lies.
a) aumentada
122. Let’s go for a pint. b) rejeitada
a) festa c) revogada
b) cigarro d) negada
c) cerveja e) adiada
d) passeio
e) viagem
196
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
130. I started to feel queasy as soon as the boat left the 137. The team were rather ragged in the first half of the
harbour. match, but improved in the second half.
a) mal a) indisciplinado
b) com saudade b) desatento
c) com medo c) irregular
d) enjoado d) violento
e) empolgado e) distraído
131. Are you in the queue for tickets? 138. She's always raking up that old quarrel.
a) espera a) chorando por causa de
b) ânsia b) remoendo-se por conta de
c) fila c) desenterrando
d) procura d) reclamando de
e) expectativa e) esbravejando devido a
132. We'll have to quicken the pace if we want to keep up 139. Rampant inflation means that our wage increases soon
with him. become worth nothing.
a) manter a) grande
b) estabilizar b) desenfreada
c) diminuir c) em decadência
d) ultrapassar d) selvagem
e) acelerar e) causticante
133. When asked earlier why he seemed to be so relaxed, 140. She has an excellent rapport with her staff.
Mr McCarthy quipped: "It's the drugs". a) avaliação
a) gracejou b) rendimento
b) afirmou c) desempenho
c) replicou d) entrosamento
d) admitiu e) receita
e) ratificou
141. She looked ravishing!
134. There's no point quibbling over a couple of dollars. a) encantadora
a) cobrar b) com raiva
b) não pagar c) cansada
c) pechinchar d) indisposta
d) criar caso e) faminta
e) cobrar juros
142. She was widely reckoned the best actress of her
135. Lennie's bottom lip quivered and tears started in his generation.
eyes. a) estimada
a) franziu b) aclamada
b) tremeu c) proclamada
c) ressecou d) considerada
d) umedeceu e) julgada
e) foi ferido
143. On her way to her interview she silently rehearsed
136. Even at the end, when cancer racked his body, he was what she would say.
calm and cheerful. a) arguia
a) torturava b) questionava
b) corroia c) declarava
c) deteriorava d) declamava
d) acabava e) ensaiava
e) definhava
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Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
144. I was told the news first and then I relayed it to the 151. I baked a huge cake this morning, and the kids scoffed
others. the lot.
a) escondi a) confeitaram
b) omiti b) jogaram fora
c) declarei c) deixaram cair
d) comuniquei d) desperdiçaram
e) repeti e) devoraram
145. Don't let her rile you. 152. We would now like to broaden the scope of the enquiry
a) irritar and look at more general matters.
b) mentir para a) extensão
c) falar mal de b) influência
d) pensar bobagens sobre c) repercussão
e) enganar d) divulgação
e) sigilo
146. The speaker attempted to rouse the crowd with a cry
for action. 153. The poor dog – it's shivering!
a) acalmar a) com fome
b) apaziguar b) com medo
c) incitar c) tremendo
d) ludibriar d) doente
e) comover e) com frio
147. He was the runner-up of the race. 154. The American space shuttle can be used many times to
a) campeão put payloads in space.
b) bi-campeão a) nave espacial
c) desclassificado b) ônibus espacial
d) segundo colocado c) estação espacial
e) terceiro colocado d) foguete espacial
e) satélite
148. Some people believe that to succeed in this world you
have to be ruthless. 155. I don't think Rick will ever manage to slake his lust for
a) ambicioso power.
b) impiedoso a) saciar
c) desonesto b) diminuir
d) implacável c) aumentar
e) insensível d) estimular
e) conter
149. He nodded his head sagely.
a) sabiamente 156. You may sneer, but a lot of people like this kind of
b) negativamente music.
c) positivamente a) ironizar
d) agitadamente b) detestar
e) pacificamente c) execrar
d) ser contra
150. I’m already sated. e) injuriar-se
a) conformado
b) cansado 157. She soothed the crying baby.
c) extenuado a) perdeu a paciência com
d) saciado b) agrediu
e) sobrecarregado c) se irritou com
d) amamentou
e) acalmou
198
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
158. His reputation was permanently tainted by the financial 165. You need to trawl through a lot of data to get results
scandal. that are valid.
a) agredida a) pesquisar
b) atormentada b) coletar
c) agitada c) reunir
d) manchada d) interligar
e) afligida e) anexar
159. He gave me a good telling-off for forgetting the 166. Tuition fees will increase next year.
meeting. a) crédito
a) conselho b) moradia
b) lembrete c) saúde
c) sugestão d) transporte
d) bronca e) educação
e) ressalva
167. The Swedes are not alone in finding their language
160. Allow the meat to thaw properly before cooking it. under pressure from the ubiquitous spread of English.
a) ferver a) amplo
b) esfriar b) onipresente
c) aquecer c) avançado
d) derreter d) desenfreado
e) degelar e) exagerado
161. The mayor's political future has been hanging by a 168. She gave an unbiased opinion about the issue.
thread since the fraud scandal. a) errada
a) está um caos b) sincera
b) tornou-se obscuro c) tendenciosa
c) está por um fio d) imparcial
d) foi decidido e) confusa
e) acabou
169. Such a high increase will impose an undue burden on
162. His business thrived in the years before the war. the local tax payer.
a) faliu a) moderado
b) prosperou b) aceitável
c) estagnou c) necessário
d) desandou d) exagerado
e) minguou e) imprescindível
163. Several insurance companies are now touting their 170. His behaviour was unseemly.
wares on local radio. a) impecável
a) anunciando b) indefectível
b) vendendo c) inadequado
c) demonstrando d) irrepreensível
d) exibindo e) normal
e) lançando
171. The upshot of the discussions is that there will be no
164. Arrogance is a very unattractive personality trait. redundancies.
a) defeito a) votação
b) qualidade b) debate
c) traço c) resultado
d) falta de educação d) proposta
e) modo e) alvitre
199
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
172. She sat through the whole meeting without uttering a 179. This film is x-rated.
word. a) fantástico
a) proferir b) obsceno
b) entender c) violento
c) anotar d) agradável
d) comentar e) sem graça
e) explicar
180. This was once a Roman road in days of yore.
173. The vanquished army surrendered their weapons. a) guerra
a) abalado b) romance
b) derrotado c) outrora
c) covarde d) peleja
d) inteiro e) fome
e) estremecido
174. She entered the vault with an armed guard. “Equal opportunity means everyone will have
a) caixa-forte a fair chance at being incompetent.”
b) sala Laurence J. Peter
c) recinto
d) prisão
e) ala
176. The two older children tend to vie with the younger
one for their mother's attention.
a) chorar
b) agredir
c) unir-se
d) competir
e) atracar-se
200
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
4TH Part | Word Definition 08. The word __________ describes a situation where there
is no order at all and everyone is confused.
a) orderliness
01. The verb __________ means to go around a place where
b) outburst
you have never been to find out what is there.
c) neatness
a) search
d) chaos
b) explore
e) tidiness
c) exploit
d) visit 09. If you take a __________ you stop the activity you are
e) conquer doing to have a short rest.
a) burst
02. The verb __________ means to stay in the air, or move
b) nap
gently through the air.
c) gap
a) fly
d) hole
b) flow
e) breath
c) glide
d) float 10. To __________ means to keep criticizing or giving advice
e) hover to someone in an annoying way.
a) assuage
03. A __________ is a strange object in the sky that could be
b) soothe
from another part of the universe.
c) relieve
a) UFO
d) appease
b) comet
e) nag
c) star
d) planet 11. The word __________ describes someone who is
e) rocket determined to do what they want and refuses to do
anything else.
04. The verb __________ means both to shine light on a) stubborn
something, and, to explain something clearly. b) broad-minded
a) scrutinize c) compliant
b) illuminate d) indulgent
c) enlighten e) yielding
d) clarify
e) brighten 12. Somebody __________ has special interest in or
experience of something and so knowing what is happening
05. The adjective __________ means both a strong, light in that subject at the present time.
colour, or someone who is intelligent or happy. a) poignant
a) lively b) keen
b) preposterous c) aware
c) bright d) thirsty
d) cheerful e) weary
e) sturdy
13. The word __________ describes something with a sharp,
06. The verb __________ means to step awkwardly while sometimes unpleasant, taste or smell, like a lemon, and not
walking or running and fall or begin to fall. sweet.
a) stumble a) salty
b) hinder b) spicy
c) wander c) tasty
d) stroll d) bitter
e) meander e) sour
07. To __________ means to shake because you are cold or 14. If a surface such as paper or skin is __________, it does
frightened. not feel smooth when you touch it.
a) freeze a) delicate
b) breach b) rough
c) shatter c) sensitive
d) crumble d) flat
e) shiver e) uneven
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Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
15. __________ is a strong plastic which can be bent, and 22. __________ is the use of remarks which clearly mean the
which is used for making floor coverings, furniture, clothing, opposite of what they say, and which are made in order to
etc. or (in the past) records. hurt someone's feelings or to criticize something in a
a) rubber humorous way.
b) cloth a) Jibber jabber
c) vinyl b) Nonsense
d) leather c) Tomfoolery
e) polystyrene d) Foolishness
e) Sarcasm
16. A __________ is a tall metal structure with a long
horizontal part which is used for lifting and moving heavy 23. A(n) __________ is something which is confusing, or a
objects. problem which is difficult to solve.
a) rack a) issue
b) hanger b) matter
c) hook c) riddle
d) crane d) quiz
e) lever e) query
17. The word __________ describes a state between 24. __________ is the speed at which something happens or
sleeping and being awake. changes, or the amount or number of times it happens or
a) idle changes in a particular period.
b) tiresome a) Rate
c) heedful b) Grade
d) awake c) Rank
e) drowsy d) Scale
e) Amount
18. __________ is a period of time when you eat no food.
a) Hunger 25. The verb __________ means to improve the quality,
b) Starvation amount or strength of something.
c) Famine a) highlight
d) Fast b) heighten
e) Ache c) raise
d) enhance
19. __________ is a small device or machine with a e) thrive
particular purpose.
a) Gadget 26. The verb __________ means to have a heaviness of a
b) Outfit stated amount, or to measure the heaviness of an object.
a) weigh
c) Gear
d) Jack b) match
e) Switch c) set
d) settle
20. The verb __________ means to cheat or trick someone e) thicken
in order to get money unfairly from them.
27. The verb __________ means to (cause to) lose colour,
a) yield
brightness or strength gradually.
b) shaft
a) vanish
c) spoil
b) fade
d) sweep
c) melt
e) gamble
d) gloss
e) whiten
21. __________ is an area drawn out on the ground which is
used for playing sports such as tennis and basketball. 28. The verb __________ means to change the colour of
a) Ring something using a special liquid.
b) Pitch a) pale
c) Field b) stain
d) Court c) dye
e) Yard d) blur
e) spot
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Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
29. __________ means to have a hole or empty space inside. a) gossip
a) Leak b) quarrel
b) Needy c) struggle
c) Packed d) swear
d) Bare e) utter
e) Hollow
37. The word __________ is used to describe a person who
30. __________ means to suddenly attack a person or a is a high-ranking official in a college or university and is
group of people after hiding and waiting for them. responsible for the organization of a department or
a) Shelter departments.
b) Lodge a) dean
c) Trap b) headmaster
d) Lurk c) principal
e) Ambush d) manager
e) governor
31. __________ means more than enough, especially if
expensive; very generous. 38. The verb __________ means to cause a boat to move
a) Meager through water by pushing against the water with
b) Lavish __________ (= poles with flat ends).
c) Scanty a) row – flippers
d) Bash b) thrust – paddles
e) Profuse c) row – oars
d) thrust – helms
32. The word __________ means very bad. e) row – rudders
a) lousy
b) terrific 39. The verb __________ means to experience something
c) wondrous which is unpleasant or which involves a change.
d) startling a) underlie
e) frightening b) undergo
c) underachieve
33. __________ is something or someone that causes you a d) undermine
lot of trouble, often when they should be actually helping e) underpin
you.
a) Load 40. The word __________ means full of hope, happiness and
b) Burden good feelings.
c) Liability a) teeming
d) Curse b) plentiful
e) Sorrow c) fruitful
d) prolific
34. __________ is a promise, especially that you will tell the e) upbeat
truth in a law court.
a) Pledge
b) Statement “Aos colegas professores e estimados alunos de todo o Brasil
c) Vow que utilizam esta insana compilação de questões:
d) Commitment Este material é gratuito e sempre será.”
e) Oath Jefferson Celestino
36. The verb __________ means to use words that are rude
or offensive as a way of emphasizing what you mean or as a
way of insulting someone or something.
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Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
Answers
Adjectives and Adverbs
001 002 003 004 005 006 007 008 009 010
D C B E B A C E E D
011 012 013 014 015 016 017 018 019 020
A E A B B D C C A B
021 022 023 024 025 026 027 028 029 030
D E B D C D B D C C
031 032 033 034 035 036 037 038 039 040
A D D D C C A B E D
041 042 043 044 045 046 047 048 049 050
A D C A A E A B E C
051 052 053 054 055 056 057 058 059 060
D A A B B D B A B D
061 062 063 064 065 066 067 068 069 070
B E E E E C A A A D
071 072 073 074 075 076 077 078 079 080
D A A D C D A E B D
081 082 083 084 085 086 087 088 089 090
A C E E A C D C D A
091 092 093 094 095 096 097 098 099 100
E E D A B D B E B A
101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110
C E D D C D C C B A
111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120
B A E C E B E D C D
Pronouns
001 002 003 004 005 006 007 008 009 010
C B D D C D E E B E
011 012 013 014 015 016 017 018 019 020
B B A C D C B C C A
021 022 023 024 025 026 027 028 029 030
B C E A E A D E A E
031 032 033 034 035 036 037 038 039 040
E C C A C C C A E A
041 042 043 044 045 046 047 048 049 050
E E C A E A C C B C
051 052 053 054 055 056 057 058 059 060
E D D C C A D D C B
061 062 063 064 065 066 067 068 069 070
B C C A D B A E A C
071 072 073 074 075 076 077 078 079 080
C D B C C D C E D B
081 082 083 084 085 086 087 088 089 090
E E C E B B E D D D
091 092 093 094 095 096 097 098 099 100
C D E E C E B A A B
101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110
C A C B D C E C A C
204
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120
C D D A A B C C C C
121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130
C B A A A D D B C C
131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140
E A B B A B D D C A
141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150
B C D A D B D D E A
151 152 153 154 155 156 - - - -
B D A E A C - - - -
Quantifiers and Intensifiers
001 002 003 004 005 006 007 008 009 010
A D A B C E B D A A
011 012 013 014 015 016 017 018 019 020
E D B C C A B A D E
021 022 023 024 025 026 027 028 029 030
A D B E D D A B B B
031 032 033 034 035 - - - - -
A B B E E - - - - -
Verbs
001 002 003 004 005 006 007 008 009 010
B E C B A C E D E E
011 012 013 014 015 016 017 018 019 020
D E D E A C B E A E
021 022 023 024 025 026 027 028 029 030
B E A A C A E D B A
031 032 033 034 035 036 037 038 039 040
B E A D A A B A D A
041 042 043 044 045 046 047 048 049 050
A E D A A B C C C E
051 052 053 054 055 056 057 058 059 060
A B D A E B D A E B
061 062 063 064 065 066 067 068 069 070
C D D E B B A A A D
071 072 073 074 075 076 077 078 079 080
C E B A A C A D A A
081 082 083 084 085 086 087 088 089 090
E B D E A C A A D E
091 092 093 094 095 096 097 098 099 100
A E E B B D C A A D
101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110
C C D B D D E B C E
111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120
B D E D A B A C D B
121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130
D A A D E C D D B E
131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140
B A B A E C E B B E
141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150
E B D C C A E E E A
205
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160
E A E B E B E C B C
161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170
B E C D A B D D B E
171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180
A B A C E D B E A C
181 182 183 184 - - - - - -
B E D D - - - - - -
Modal Auxiliaries
001 002 003 004 005 006 007 008 009 010
C B B B D E C E B C
011 012 013 014 015 016 017 018 019 020
C B B D B B D C C A
021 022 023 024 025 026 027 028 029 030
D A D B A A A B B B
031 032 033 034 035 036 037 038 039 040
D C B C A D D D C C
041 042 043 044 045 046 047 048 049 050
A B E D E D A B A E
051 052 053 054 055 056 057 058 059 060
A B A B C E B C E C
061 062 063 064 065 066 067 068 069 070
C D A E A E E C C B
071 072 073 074 075 076 - - - -
A D C C E C - - - -
Active and Passive Voice
001 002 003 004 005 006 007 008 009 010
A A C E E A C C A C
011 012 013 014 015 016 017 018 019 020
D C B A E E D A A E
021 022 023 024 025 026 027 028 029 030
E D B A D C D E A B
031 032 033 034 035 036 037 038 039 040
C E D A A C D B A C
041 042 043 044 045 046 047 048 049 050
B B B A C B E E E E
051 052 053 054 055 056 057 058 059 060
A B C B D A D B A B
061 062 063 064 065 066 067 068 069 070
B B B D D A A E D B
071 072 073 074 075 076 077 078 079 080
D D A D B B B C D A
081 082 083 084 085 086 087 088 089 090
B C B A A D C C C D
091 092 093 094 095 096 097 098 099 100
E D C A B A A E C D
101 102 - - - - - - - -
B D - - - - - - - -
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Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
207
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
Numbers
001 002 003 004 005 006 007 008 - -
D E E D C B A D - -
Prepositions
001 002 003 004 005 006 007 008 009 010
D A E C B D D A D E
011 012 013 014 015 016 017 018 019 020
C E E B D D B E D C
021 022 023 024 025 026 027 028 029 030
D A E E B A E A D D
031 032 033 034 035 036 037 038 039 040
B A C D B E A D E B
041 042 043 044 045 046 047 048 049 050
B E D E D D A E A D
051 052 053 054 055 056 057 058 059 060
A E A C B B B B E D
061 062 063 064 065 066 067 068 069 070
A C E A B B D E A D
071 072 073 074 075 076 077 078 079 080
B C A B B E C D B D
081 082 083 084 085 086 087 088 089 090
B E D C B B E E A D
091 092 093 - - - - - - -
A D B - - - - - - -
Conjunctions
001 002 003 004 005 006 007 008 009 010
C C E A E B A E C E
011 012 013 014 015 016 017 018 019 020
A D E A A B E B C A
021 022 023 024 025 026 027 028 029 030
E E D B C E D C D E
031 032 033 034 035 036 037 038 039 040
B E D C E E C A A D
041 042 043 044 045 046 047 048 049 050
B B D C D D E D D C
051 052 053 054 055 056 057 058 059 060
C C A A B E A B B C
061 062 063 064 065 066 067 068 069 070
D A E C B D E C E B
071 072 073 074 075 076 077 078 079 080
A C E D A B B D D C
081 082 083 084 085 086 087 088 089 090
D D B D E C C E E D
091 092 093 094 095 096 097 098 099 100
C D D E D E B E A B
101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110
E D C A C C B B D E
111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120
C C B E E B B A B C
208
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130
C D D A B E A C A D
Subjunctive, Imperative, Infinitive and Gerund
001 002 003 004 005 006 007 008 009 010
D D B E D D D C C A
011 012 013 014 015 016 017 018 019 020
C A E C C D A D D C
021 022 - - - - - - - -
B D - - - - - - - -
Phrasal Verbs
001 002 003 004 005 006 007 008 009 010
E D D E A A B C D A
011 012 013 014 015 016 017 018 019 020
A A C B A B E A E C
False Cognate Words
001 002 003 004 005 006 007 008 009 010
B A B A D C D E C C
011 012 013 014 015 016 017 018 - -
B C C B A C A B - -
Mixed Topics
001 002 003 004 005 006 007 008 009 010
B D C A E D A C B C
011 012 013 014 015 016 017 018 019 020
A E D C C A A A E C
021 022 023 024 025 - - - - -
A B E C D - - - - -
Idioms and Vocabulary
001 002 003 004 005 006 007 008 009 010
A D C D D A C A A C
011 012 013 014 015 016 017 018 019 020
B D E E E A B C E C
021 022 023 024 025 026 027 028 029 030
D B A B B A B D A D
Synonyms and Antonyms
001 002 003 004 005 006 007 008 009 010
D A B D B B E E E C
011 012 013 014 015 016 017 018 019 020
C C A B D C D C A D
021 022 023 024 025 026 027 028 029 030
C D D A A B C D D C
031 032 033 034 035 036 037 038 - -
C D D B D A A D - -
Reading Skills and General Review
001 002 003 004 005 006 007 008 009 010
E D C D E B C B B A
011 012 013 014 015 016 017 018 019 020
B E D A B A E A C E
209
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
021 022 023 024 025 026 027 028 029 030
B D C C D E B B B C
031 032 033 034 035 036 037 038 039 040
D C B C B B D E A B
041 042 043 044 045 046 047 048 049 050
A C B E A C B E B D
051 052 053 054 055 056 057 058 059 060
C C C C B C D B E B
061 062 063 064 065 066 067 068 069 070
D A D E A A C C A C
071 072 073 074 075 076 077 078 079 080
B E D E E C B A C E
081 082 083 084 085 086 087 088 089 090
D A C D C A C A E C
091 092 093 094 095 096 097 098 099 100
B C B D A D B A B D
101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110
A C E A A B E E C D
111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120
B B D A E C B A B D
121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130
C B B A B C B D B C
131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140
C D E B A D B A E C
141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150
E D C E B A C A E B
151 152 - - - - - - - -
D D - - - - - - - -
Translations
001 002 003 004 005 006 007 008 009 010
A C D B B E C A D B
011 012 013 014 015 016 017 018 019 020
E A C C D E B A C A
021 022 023 024 025 026 027 028 029 030
C E C D B A C E D A
031 032 033 034 035 036 037 038 039 040
B E D B D C A C D A
041 042 043 044 045 046 047 048 049 050
E D B E B C C A D E
051 052 053 054 055 056 057 058 059 060
B C A B C A E D D B
061 062 063 064 065 066 067 068 069 070
E C A D D B E C D A
071 072 073 074 075 076 077 078 079 080
C A D E D A E B C A
081 082 083 084 085 086 087 088 089 090
E B D B A C B D D B
091 092 093 094 095 096 097 098 099 100
A C A B A E C D B C
101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110
A A B E C D D B A E
210
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120
A C B E D A D B A B
121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130
D C D E B A E C C C
131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140
C E A D B A C C B D
141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150
A D E D A C D B A D
151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160
E A C B A A E D D E
161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170
C B A C A E B D D C
171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180
C A B A D D E A B C
Word Definition
001 002 003 004 005 006 007 008 009 010
B D A B C A E D B E
011 012 013 014 015 016 017 018 019 020
A C E B C D E D A B
021 022 023 024 025 026 027 028 029 030
D E C A D A B C E E
031 032 033 034 035 036 037 038 039 040
B A C E D D A C B E
Did you find any error? Drop me some feedback, please!
E-mail: Jefferson_celestino@hotmail.com
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Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa
Professor Jefferson Celestino da Costa | Histórico Profissional
Belém-Pa
Fortaleza-Ce
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