Polinomial

1.
𝑥 + 1 = 0 → 𝑥 = −1
𝑥−3=0→𝑥 =3
𝑥 = −1 → 𝑓(−1) = 3(−1)! − 5(−1)" + 𝑝(−1) + 𝑞
= −3 − 5 − 𝑝 + 𝑞
= −8 − 𝑝 + 𝑞
8 = −𝑝 + 𝑞 … (1)
𝑥 = 3 → 𝑓(3) = 3(3)! − 5(3)" + 𝑝(3) + 𝑞
= 81 − 45 + 3𝑝 + 𝑞
= 36 + 3𝑝 + 𝑞
−36 = 3𝑝 + 𝑞 … (2)

8 = −𝑝 + 𝑞
−36 = 3𝑝 + 𝑞
→ −4𝑝 = 44 → 𝑝 = −11
𝑞 = −3
2.
𝑥−2=0→𝑥 =2
𝑓(2) = 2(2)! + 𝑎(2)" + 𝑏(2) − 2
= 16 + 4𝑎 + 2𝑏 − 2
= 14 + 4𝑎 + 2𝑏 … (1)
𝑓(−3) = −50
2(−3)! + 𝑎(−3)" + 𝑏(−3) − 2 = −50
−54 + 9𝑎 − 3𝑏 − 2 = −50
−6 + 9𝑎 − 3𝑏 = 0 … (2)

4𝑎 + 2𝑏 + 14 = 0
9𝑎 − 3𝑏 − 6 = 0
→ 12𝑎 + 6𝑏 + 42 = 0
18𝑎 − 6𝑏 − 12 = 0
→ 30𝑎 + 30 = 0
30𝑎 = −30
𝑎 = −1
𝑏 = −5
𝑎 + 𝑏 = −6

3
𝑓(𝑥) = (𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏)(𝑥 " + 𝑥 − 12)

𝑓(𝑥) = ℎ(𝑥) 𝑞(𝑥) + 𝑠(𝑥)

𝑓(𝑥) = ℎ(𝑥)(𝑥 " + 𝑥 − 6) + (−6𝑥 + 6)

𝑓(𝑥) = ℎ(𝑥)(𝑥 + 3)(𝑥 − 2) + (−6𝑥 + 6)
 𝑥 = −3 → 𝑓(−3) = ℎ(−3)(−3 + 3)(−3 − 2) + 24
𝑓(−3) = 24
𝑥 = 2 → 𝑓(2) = ℎ(−2)(2 + 3)(2 − 2) − 6
𝑓(2) = −6

𝑓(−3) = (−3𝑎 + 𝑏)(9 − 3 − 12) = 24

(−3𝑎 + 𝑏)(−6) = 24
−3𝑎 + 𝑏 = −4 … (1)
𝑓(2) = (2𝑎 + 𝑏)(4 + 2 − 12) = −6
(2𝑎 + 𝑏)(−6) = −6
2𝑎 + 𝑏 = 1 … (2)

−3𝑎 + 𝑏 = −4
2𝑎 + 𝑏 = 1
→ −5𝑎 = −5 → 𝑎 = 1
𝑏 = −1

𝑓(𝑥) = (𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 " + 𝑥 − 12)

= 𝑥 ! + 𝑥 " − 12𝑥 − 𝑥 " − 𝑥 + 12
= 𝑥 ! − 13𝑥 + 12

4.
𝑥# = 2 ; 𝑥" = 1
𝑥 ! + 𝑎𝑥 " − 13𝑥 + 𝑏 = 0
𝐵
𝑥# + 𝑥" + 𝑥! = −
𝐴
𝐶
𝑥# 𝑥" + 𝑥# 𝑥! + 𝑥" 𝑥! =
𝐴
𝐷
𝑥# 𝑥" 𝑥! = −
𝐴
𝐴𝑥 ! + 𝐵𝑥 " + 𝐶𝑥 + 𝐷 = 0

𝑎
2 + 1 + 𝑥! = −
1
3 + 𝑥! = −𝑎
𝑥! = −𝑎 − 3

13
2 + 2(−𝑎 − 3) + 1(−𝑎 − 3) = −
1
2 − 2𝑎 − 6 − 𝑎 − 3 = −13
−7 − 3𝑎 = −13
−3𝑎 = −6
𝑎=2
𝑥! = −5
𝑥# 𝑥" 𝑥! = (2)(1)(−5)
= −10
 𝐷
− = −10
𝐴
𝑏
− = −10
1
𝑏 = 10
5.
3𝑥 ! + 𝑎𝑥 " − 61𝑥 + 20 = 0
𝑥# = 4
𝑎
4 + 𝑥" + 𝑥! = −
3
𝑎
𝑥" + 𝑥! = − − 4
3

61
𝑥# 𝑥" + 𝑥# 𝑥! + 𝑥" 𝑥! = −
3
61
4𝑥" + 4𝑥! + 𝑥" 𝑥! = −
3
61
4(𝑥" + 𝑥! ) + 𝑥" 𝑥! = −
3
𝑎 61
4 @− − 4A + 𝑥" 𝑥! = −
3 3

20
𝑥# 𝑥" 𝑥! = −
3
20
4𝑥" 𝑥! = −
3
20
𝑥" 𝑥! = −
12

𝑎 20 61
4 @− − 4A − =−
3 12 3
4𝑎 61 20
− − 16 = − +
3 3 12
−4𝑎 − 48 = −61 + 5
−4𝑎 = −8 → 𝑎 = 2

2
𝑥" + 𝑥! = − − 4
3
14
=−
3
6.
2𝑥 $ + 𝑡𝑥 ! − 9𝑥 " + 𝑛𝑥 + 4 = 0
𝑥 = −2; 𝑥 = −1
𝑏
𝑥# + 𝑥" + 𝑥! + 𝑥$ = −
𝑎
𝑡
(−2) + (−1) + 𝑥! + 𝑥$ = −
2
 𝑡
−3 + 𝑥! + 𝑥$ = −
2
𝑡
𝑥! + 𝑥$ = 3 −
2
𝑐
𝑥# 𝑥" + 𝑥" 𝑥! + 𝑥! 𝑥$ + 𝑥# 𝑥! + 𝑥# 𝑥$ + 𝑥" 𝑥$ =
𝑎
9
2 − 𝑥! + 𝑥! 𝑥$ − 2𝑥! − 2𝑥$ − 𝑥$ = −
2
9
−3𝑥! − 3𝑥$ + 𝑥! 𝑥$ = − − 2
2
13
−3(𝑥! + 𝑥$ ) + 𝑥! 𝑥$ = −
2
𝑡 13
−3 E3 − F + 𝑥! 𝑥$ = −
2 2
3𝑡 13
−9 + + 𝑥! 𝑥$ = −
2 2
13 3𝑡
𝑥! 𝑥$ = − + 9 −
2 2
5 3𝑡
𝑥! 𝑥$ = −
2 2
𝑑
𝑥# 𝑥" 𝑥! + 𝑥# 𝑥" 𝑥$ + 𝑥# 𝑥! 𝑥$ + 𝑥" 𝑥! 𝑥$ = −
𝑎
5 3𝑡 5 3𝑡 𝑛
2𝑥! + 2𝑥$ − 2 E − F − 1 E − F = −
2 2 2 2 2
10 6𝑡 5 3𝑡 𝑛
2(𝑥! + 𝑥$ ) − + − + =−
2 2 2 2 2
𝑡 15 9𝑡 𝑛
2 E3 − F − + =−
2 2 2 2
15 9𝑡 𝑛
6−𝑡− + =−
2 2 2
12 − 2𝑡 − 15 + 9𝑡 = −𝑛
7𝑡 − 3 = −𝑛
𝑒
𝑥# 𝑥" 𝑥! 𝑥$ =
𝑎
5 3𝑡 4
2E − F =
2 2 2
5 − 3𝑡 = 2
−3𝑡 = −3
𝑡=1
𝑛 = −4
2𝑥 + 𝑥 − 9𝑥 " − 4𝑥 + 4 = 0
$ !

𝑥# = −2; 𝑥" = −1;

1
𝑥! 𝑥$ = 1 → 𝑥! =
𝑥$
1 5
+ 𝑥$ =
𝑥$ 2
 1 + 𝑥$" 5
=
𝑥$ 2
5
1 + 𝑥$" = 𝑥$
2
2 + 2𝑥$" = 5𝑥$
2𝑥$" − 5𝑥$ + 2 = 0
(2𝑥$ − 1)(𝑥$ − 2) = 0
1 1
𝑥$ = → 𝑥! = 2; 𝑥$ = 2 → 𝑥! =
2 2
1
2(𝑥# + 𝑥" + 𝑥! ) − 𝑥$ = 2 I(−2) + (−1) + J − 2
2
5
= 2 E− F − 2
2
= −7

Cara lain nomor 6

(𝑥 + 2)(𝑥 + 1) = 𝑥 " + 3𝑥 + 2
𝑓(−2) = 2(−2)$ + 𝑡(−2)! − 9(−2)" + 𝑛(−2) + 4
= 32 − 8𝑡 − 36 − 2𝑛 + 4
0 = −8𝑡 − 2𝑛 … (1)
𝑓(−1) = 2(−1)$ + 𝑡(−1)! − 9(−1)" + 𝑛(−1) + 4
=2−𝑡−9−𝑛+4
3 = −𝑡 − 𝑛 … (2)

0 = −8𝑡 − 2𝑛
3 = −𝑡 − 𝑛
→ 0 = −8𝑡 − 2𝑛
6 = −2𝑡 − 2𝑛
→ −6 = −6𝑡 → 𝑡 = 1
3 = −1 − 𝑛 → 𝑛 = −4
 2𝑥 " − 5𝑥 + 2 = (2𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 − 2)
1
𝑥! = ; 𝑥$ = 2
2
1
2(𝑥# + 𝑥" + 𝑥! ) − 𝑥$ = 2 I(−2) + (−1) + J − 2
2
5
= 2 E− F − 2
2
= −7

7.
𝑥 $ − 8𝑥 ! + 𝑎𝑥 " − 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0
𝑑𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑡 𝑎𝑟𝑖𝑡𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑘𝑎:
𝑏 = 𝑢% − 𝑢%&#
𝑢% = 𝑢%&# + 𝑏
𝑀𝑖𝑠𝑎𝑙: 𝑢# = 𝑥#
𝑏 = 2 (𝑠𝑒𝑠𝑢𝑎𝑖 𝑠𝑜𝑎𝑙)
𝑢" = 𝑥" = 𝑥# + 2
𝑢! = 𝑥! = 𝑥" + 2 = 𝑥# + 2 + 2 = 𝑥# + 4
𝑢$ = 𝑥$ = 𝑥! + 2 = 𝑥# + 4 + 2 = 𝑥# + 6

𝑏
𝑥# + 𝑥" + 𝑥! + 𝑥$ = −
𝑎
−8
=− =8
1
𝑥# + (𝑥# + 2) + (𝑥# + 4) + (𝑥# + 6) = 8
4𝑥# + 12 = 8
4𝑥# = −4 → 𝑥# = −1
𝑥" = 𝑥# + 2 = 1
𝑥! = 𝑥# + 4 = 3
𝑥$ = 𝑥# + 6 = 5

𝐴𝑥 $ + 𝐵𝑥 ! + 𝐶𝑥 " + 𝐷𝑥 + 𝐸 = 0
𝐴𝑥 $ + 𝐵𝑥 ! + 𝐶𝑥 " + 𝐷𝑥 + 𝐸 = (𝑥 − 𝑥# )(𝑥 − 𝑥" )(𝑥 − 𝑥! )(𝑥 − 𝑥$ )
𝑥 $ − 8𝑥 ! + 𝑎𝑥 " − 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = U𝑥 − (−1)V(𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 − 3)(𝑥 − 5)
= (𝑥 " − 1)(𝑥 " − 8𝑥 + 15)
= 𝑥 $ − 8𝑥 ! + 14𝑥 " + 8𝑥 − 15
𝑎 = 14; 𝑏 = −8; 𝑐 = −15
8.
2𝑥 ! + 3𝑥 " + 𝑝𝑥 + 8 = 0

1
𝑠𝑒𝑝𝑎𝑠𝑎𝑛𝑔 𝑎𝑘𝑎𝑟 𝑦𝑎𝑛𝑔 𝑏𝑒𝑟𝑘𝑒𝑏𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑘𝑎𝑛 → 𝛼, , 𝛽
𝛼

1 8
𝛼. . 𝛽 = − → 𝛽 = −4
𝛼 2
 1 3
𝛼+ + (−4) = −
𝛼 2
1 5
𝛼+ =
𝛼 2
2𝛼 " + 2 = 5𝛼
2𝛼 " − 5𝛼 + 2 = 0
(2𝛼 − 1)(𝛼 − 2) = 0
1
𝛼 = ; 𝛼 = 2 (𝑃𝑖𝑙𝑖ℎ 𝑏𝑒𝑏𝑎𝑠 𝑘𝑎𝑟𝑛𝑎 𝑘𝑒𝑏𝑎𝑙𝑖𝑘𝑎𝑛, 𝑗𝑑𝑖 𝑠𝑎𝑚𝑎 𝑎𝑗𝑎)
2
1 1
𝑀𝑖𝑠𝑎𝑙 𝑝𝑖𝑙𝑖ℎ 𝛼 = 2 → =
𝛼 2
1
𝐽𝑎𝑑𝑖, 𝑎𝑘𝑎𝑟2 𝑛𝑦𝑎: 2, , (−4)
2
𝑐
𝑥# 𝑥" + 𝑥# 𝑥! + 𝑥" 𝑥! =
𝑎
1 1 𝑝
2 E F + 2(−4) + (−4) =
2 2 2
𝑝
1−8−2=
2
𝑝
−9 =
2
𝑝 = −18
9.
𝑓(𝑥): (𝑥 " − 4) → 𝑠𝑖𝑠𝑎 = 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑎
𝑔(𝑥): (𝑥 " − 9) → 𝑠𝑖𝑠𝑎 = 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑎 − 5
𝑠𝑖𝑠𝑎 𝑓(𝑥): (𝑥 + 2) = 𝑠𝑖𝑠𝑎 𝑔(𝑥): (𝑥 − 3)
𝑓(−3) = 𝑔(2) = −2
𝑓(𝑥). 𝑔(𝑥): (𝑥 " + 𝑥 − 6) → 𝑠𝑖𝑠𝑎 = ⋯ ?

𝑓(𝑥): (𝑥 " − 4) = 𝑓(𝑥): (𝑥 + 2)(𝑥 − 2) → 𝑠𝑖𝑠𝑎 = 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑎

𝑚𝑎𝑘𝑎:
𝑓(−2) = −2𝑎 + 𝑎 = −𝑎 … (1)
𝑓(2) = 2𝑎 + 𝑎 = 3𝑎 … (2)

𝑔(𝑥): (𝑥 " − 9) = 𝑔(𝑥): (𝑥 + 3)(𝑥 − 3) → 𝑠𝑖𝑠𝑎 = 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑎 − 5

𝑚𝑎𝑘𝑎:
𝑔(−3) = −3𝑎 + 𝑎 − 5 = −2𝑎 − 5 … (3)
𝑔(3) = 3𝑎 + 𝑎 − 5 = 4𝑎 − 5 … (4)

𝑠𝑖𝑠𝑎 𝑓(𝑥): (𝑥 + 2) = 𝑠𝑖𝑠𝑎 𝑔(𝑥): (𝑥 − 3)

𝑚𝑎𝑘𝑎
𝑓(−2) = 𝑔(3) … U𝑆𝑢𝑏𝑠 (1)𝑑𝑎𝑛 (4)V
−𝑎 = 4𝑎 − 5
−5𝑎 = −5
𝑎 = 1 … (5)
𝑓(−2) = −1
 𝑓(2) = 3
𝑔(−3) = −7
𝑔(3) = −1

𝑓(−3) = 𝑔(2) = −2 … (6)(𝑑𝑎𝑟𝑖 𝑠𝑜𝑎𝑙)

𝑓(𝑥). 𝑔(𝑥): (𝑥 " + 𝑥 − 6)

= 𝑓(𝑥)𝑔(𝑥): (𝑥 + 3)(𝑥 − 2) → 𝑠𝑖𝑠𝑎 = 𝑝𝑥 + 𝑞
𝑑𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑛𝑎,
𝑓(−3)𝑔(−3) = −3𝑝 + 𝑞 … U𝑆𝑢𝑏 (6)𝑑𝑎𝑛 (3)V
(−2)(−7) = −3𝑝 + 𝑞
−3𝑝 + 𝑞 = 14 … (7)

𝑓(2). 𝑔(2) = 2𝑝 + 𝑞 … U𝑆𝑢𝑏𝑠(6)𝑑𝑎𝑛 (2)V

(3)(−2) = 2𝑝 + 𝑞
2𝑝 + 𝑞 = −6 … (8)

−3𝑝 + 𝑞 = 14
2𝑝 + 𝑞 = −6
→ −5𝑝 = 20 → 𝑝 = −4
𝑞=2
𝐽𝑎𝑑𝑖, 𝑠𝑖𝑠𝑎 = −4𝑥 + 2
10
11.
𝑇𝑒𝑜𝑟𝑒𝑚𝑎 𝑠𝑖𝑠𝑎
𝑓(𝑥) = (𝑥 − 𝑎)ℎ(𝑥) + 𝑠(𝑥)
𝑥 − 𝑎 = 0 → 𝑓(𝑎) = 𝑠
"
𝑥 + 𝑥 − 2 = (𝑥 + 2)(𝑥 − 1)
𝑥 = −2; 𝑥 = 1
𝑓(−2) = 16 + 8𝑎 − (4𝑎 − 4𝑏) + (−6𝑎) − 2𝑏 − 4 − 3𝑎 − 𝑏
(−2 − 3) = 16 − 5𝑎 + 𝑏 − 4
−5𝑎 + 𝑏 = −17

𝑓(1) = 1 − 𝑎 − 𝑎 + 𝑏 + 3𝑎 + 𝑏 + 2 − 3𝑎 − 𝑏
(1 − 3) = 3 − 2𝑎 + 𝑏
−5 = −2𝑎 + 𝑏

−5𝑎 + 𝑏 = −17
−2𝑎 + 𝑏 = −5
→ −3𝑎 = −12
𝑎=4
𝑏=3

12
𝑥 $ − 𝑎𝑥 ! − (6𝑎 + 5𝑏)𝑥 " + 𝑎𝑏𝑥 + 144 = (𝑥 " + 6𝑥 + 8)(𝑥 " + 𝑘𝑥 + 18)
 = 𝑥 $ + (6 + 𝑘)𝑥 ! + (18 + 8 + 6𝑘)𝑥 " + (108 + 8𝑘)𝑥 + 144
−𝑎 = 6 + 𝑘 … (1)
−6𝑎 − 5𝑏 = 26 + 6𝑘 … (2)
𝑎𝑏 = 108 + 8𝑘 … (3)
(1)𝑑𝑎𝑛 (2)
𝑎 + 𝑘 = −6
6𝑎 + 6𝑘 = −36
−6𝑎 − 6𝑘 = 26 + 5𝑏
0 = −10 + 5𝑏
10 = 5𝑏
𝑏=2

(2) → −6𝑎 − 10 = 26 + 6𝑘
→ −6𝑎 − 6𝑘 = 36
(3) → 2𝑎 = 108 + 8𝑘
→ 𝑎 = 54 + 4𝑘

𝑎 − 4𝑘 = 54
4𝑎 + 4𝑘 = −24
→ 5𝑎 = 30
𝑎=6

13
𝑐
𝑎𝑥 " + 𝑏𝑥𝑦 + 𝑐𝑦 " − 5𝑥 + 11𝑦 − 3 = (𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 3) @𝑎𝑥 + 𝑦 + 1A
2
𝑐 3
= 𝑎𝑥 " + 𝑥𝑦 + 𝑥 + 2𝑎𝑥𝑦 + 𝑐𝑦 " + 2𝑦 − 3𝑎𝑥 − 𝑐𝑦 − 3
2 2

−5𝑥 = 𝑥 − 3𝑎𝑥
−5 = 1 − 3𝑎
−6 = −3𝑎
𝑎=2

3
11𝑦 = 2𝑦 − 𝑐𝑦
2
3
11 − 2 = − 𝑐
2
3
9=− 𝑐
2
18
𝑐= = −6
−3
𝑐
𝑏 𝑥𝑦 = 𝑥𝑦 + 2𝑎𝑥𝑦
2
𝑐
𝑏 = + 2𝑎
2
6
𝑏 = − + 2(2) = 1
2
14
𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑝(𝑥)𝐻(𝑥) + 𝑠(𝑥)
(𝑎 + 𝑏)𝑥 + (2𝑎 + 𝑏)𝑥𝑦 + 𝑐𝑦 " − 𝑥 + 13𝑦 − 15 = (2𝑥 − 𝑦 + 5)𝐻(𝑥) + 0
"

= (2𝑥 − 𝑦 + 5)(𝑚𝑥 + 𝑛𝑦 − 3)
= 2𝑚𝑥 + 2𝑛𝑥𝑦 − 6𝑥 − 𝑚𝑥𝑦 − 𝑛𝑦 " + 3𝑦 " + 5𝑚𝑥 + 5𝑛𝑦 − 15
"

= 2𝑚𝑥 " + (2𝑛 − 𝑚)𝑥𝑦 + (3 − 𝑛)𝑦 " + (5𝑚 − 6)𝑥 + 5𝑛𝑦 − 15

5𝑚 − 6 = −1
5𝑚 = 5 → 𝑚 = 1

5𝑛 = 13
13
𝑛=
5

𝑐 =3−𝑛
65 13
𝑐= −
5 5
52
𝑐=
5

𝑎 + 𝑏 = 2𝑚
𝑎 + 𝑏 = 2(1)
𝑎+𝑏 =2

2𝑎 + 𝑏 = 2𝑛 − 𝑚
13
= 2E F−1
5
26 5
= −
5 5
21
=
5

21
2𝑎 + 𝑏 =
5
𝑎+𝑏 =2
11
→𝑎=
5
1
𝑏=−
5